1
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Eymard C, Manchoju A, Almazloum A, Dostie S, Prévost M, Nemer M, Guindon Y. Synthesis of 4'-Thionucleoside Analogues Bearing a C2' Stereogenic All-Carbon Quaternary Center. Molecules 2024; 29:1647. [PMID: 38611926 PMCID: PMC11013827 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The design of novel 4'-thionucleoside analogues bearing a C2' stereogenic all-carbon quaternary center is described. The synthesis involves a highly diastereoselective Mukaiyama aldol reaction, and a diastereoselective radical-based vinyl group transfer to generate the all-carbon stereogenic C2' center, along with different approaches to control the selectivity of the N-glycosidic bond. Intramolecular SN2-like cyclization of a mixture of acyclic thioaminals provided analogues with a pyrimidine nucleobase. A kinetic bias favoring cyclization of the 1',2'-anti thioaminal furnished the desired β-D-4'-thionucleoside analogue in a 7:1 ratio. DFT calculations suggest that this kinetic resolution originates from additional steric clash in the SN2-like transition state for 1',4'-trans isomers, causing a significant decrease in their reaction rate relative to 1',4'-cis counterparts. N-glycosylation of cyclic glycosyl donors with a purine nucleobase enabled the formation of novel 2-chloroadenine 4'-thionucleoside analogues. These proprietary molecules and other derivatives are currently being evaluated both in vitro and in vivo to establish their biological profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Eymard
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; (C.E.); (A.M.); (S.D.)
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Amarender Manchoju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; (C.E.); (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Abir Almazloum
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (A.A.); (M.N.)
| | - Starr Dostie
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; (C.E.); (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Michel Prévost
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; (C.E.); (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Mona Nemer
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (A.A.); (M.N.)
| | - Yvan Guindon
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; (C.E.); (A.M.); (S.D.)
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (A.A.); (M.N.)
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2
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Belouin A, Simard RD, Joyal M, Maharsy W, Lau A, Prévost M, Nemer M, Guindon Y. Sialyl Lewis X glycomimetics bearing an extended anionic chain targeting E- and P- selectin binding sites. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 98:117553. [PMID: 38128297 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil binding to vascular P- and E-selectin is the rate-limiting step in the recruitment of immune cells to sites of inflammation. Many diseases, including sickle cell anemia, post-myocardial infarction reperfusion injury, and acute respiratory distress syndrome are characterized by dysregulated inflammation. We have recently reported sialyl Lewisx analogues as potent antagonists of P- and E-selectin and demonstrated their in vivo immunosuppressive activity. A key component of these molecules is a tartrate diester that serves as an acyclic tether to orient the fucoside and the galactoside moiety in the required gauche conformation for optimal binding. The next stage of our study involved attaching an extended carbon chain onto one of the esters. This chain could be utilized to tether other pharmacophores, lipids, and contrast agents in the context of enhancing pharmacological applications through the sialyl Lewisx / receptor-mediated mechanism. Herein, we report our preliminary studies to generate a small library of tartrate based sialyl Lewisx analogues bearing extended carbon chains. Anionic charged chemical entities are attached to take advantage of proximal charged amino acids in the carbohydrate recognition domain of the selectin receptors. Starting with a common azido intermediate, synthesized using copper-catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, these molecules demonstrate E- and P-selectin binding properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Belouin
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Ryan D Simard
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Mathieu Joyal
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Wael Maharsy
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Alice Lau
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Michel Prévost
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Mona Nemer
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Yvan Guindon
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
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3
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Simard RD, Joyal M, Beaugrand T, Gauthier J, Hardine E, Desriac A, Buffet CH, Prévost M, Nemer M, Guindon Y. Synthesis of Sialyl Lewis X Mimetics with E- and P-Selectin Binding Properties and Immunosuppressive Activity. J Org Chem 2023; 88:10974-10985. [PMID: 37449872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
E- and P-selectins are adhesion proteins implicated in immune cell recruitment at sites of infection, making them important drug targets for diseases involving excessive and uncontrolled inflammation. In this study, we developed an efficient strategy to synthesize bicyclic galactopyranosides through a key stereoselective equatorial C4-propiolate addition and TMSCN axial C-glycosidation. The nitrile group can then be converted to the carboxyl and different bioisosteres at a late stage in the synthesis, allowing for various derivatizations to potentially enhance biological activity. The sialyl LewisX glycomimetic featuring this rigidified bicyclic galactopyranoside moiety prevents neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells in vitro by binding to both E- and P-selectins. We show here that the axial carboxyl analogue blocks immune cell recruitment in vivo, demonstrating its potential as an immunomodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Simard
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Mathieu Joyal
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Thomas Beaugrand
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Julien Gauthier
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Elodie Hardine
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Axelle Desriac
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Charles-Henri Buffet
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Michel Prévost
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Mona Nemer
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Yvan Guindon
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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4
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Bernhardt C, Sock E, Fröb F, Hillgärtner S, Nemer M, Wegner M. KLF9 and KLF13 transcription factors boost myelin gene expression in oligodendrocytes as partners of SOX10 and MYRF. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:11509-11528. [PMID: 36318265 PMCID: PMC9723594 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiated oligodendrocytes produce myelin and thereby ensure rapid nerve impulse conduction and efficient information processing in the vertebrate central nervous system. The Krüppel-like transcription factor KLF9 enhances oligodendrocyte differentiation in culture, but appears dispensable in vivo. Its mode of action and role within the oligodendroglial gene regulatory network are unclear. Here we show that KLF9 shares its expression in differentiating oligodendrocytes with the closely related KLF13 protein. Both KLF9 and KLF13 bind to regulatory regions of genes that are important for oligodendrocyte differentiation and equally recognized by the central differentiation promoting transcription factors SOX10 and MYRF. KLF9 and KLF13 physically interact and synergistically activate oligodendrocyte-specific regulatory regions with SOX10 and MYRF. Similar to KLF9, KLF13 promotes differentiation and myelination in primary oligodendroglial cultures. Oligodendrocyte differentiation is also altered in KLF13-deficient mice as demonstrated by a transiently reduced myelin gene expression during the first postnatal week. Considering mouse phenotypes, the similarities in expression pattern and genomic binding and the behaviour in functional assays, KLF9 and KLF13 are important and largely redundant components of the gene regulatory network in charge of oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Bernhardt
- Institut für Biochemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Sock
- Institut für Biochemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Franziska Fröb
- Institut für Biochemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simone Hillgärtner
- Institut für Biochemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mona Nemer
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Michael Wegner
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +49 9131 85 24620; Fax: +49 9131 85 22484;
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5
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Demers J, Ton A, Huynh F, Thibault S, Ducharme A, Paradis P, Nemer M, Fiset C. Atrial Electrical Remodeling in Mice With Cardiac‐Specific Overexpression of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e023974. [PMID: 35435021 PMCID: PMC9238446 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.023974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background
Elevated angiotensin II levels are thought to play an important role in atrial electrical and structural remodeling associated with atrial fibrillation. However, the mechanisms by which this remodeling occurs are still unclear. Accordingly, we explored the effects of angiotensin II on atrial remodeling using transgenic mice overexpressing angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) specifically in cardiomyocytes.
Methods and Results
Voltage‐clamp techniques, surface ECG, programmed electrical stimulations along with quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and Picrosirius red staining were used to compare the atrial phenotype of AT1R mice and their controls at 50 days and 6 months. Atrial cell capacitance and fibrosis were increased only in AT1R mice at 6 months, indicating the presence of structural remodeling. Ca
2+
(
I
CaL
) and K
+
currents were not altered by AT1R overexpression (AT1R at 50 days). However,
I
CaL
density and Ca
V
1.2 messenger RNA expression were reduced by structural remodeling (AT1R at 6 months). Conversely, Na
+
current (
I
Na
) was reduced (−65%) by AT1R overexpression (AT1R at 50 days) and the presence of structural remodeling (AT1R at 6 months) yields no further effect. The reduced
I
Na
density was not explained by lower Na
V
1.5 expression but was rather associated with an increase in sarcolemmal protein kinase C alpha expression in the atria, suggesting that chronic AT1R activation reduced
I
Na
through protein kinase C alpha activation. Furthermore, connexin 40 expression was reduced in AT1R mice at 50 days and 6 months. These changes were associated with delayed atrial conduction time, as evidenced by prolonged P‐wave duration.
Conclusions
Chronic AT1R activation leads to slower atrial conduction caused by reduced
I
Na
density and connexin 40 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Demers
- Research Center Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy Université de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Anh‐Tuan Ton
- Research Center Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy Université de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | - François Huynh
- Research Center Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy Université de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Simon Thibault
- Research Center Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy Université de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Anique Ducharme
- Research Center Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
- Faculty of Medicine Université de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | | | | | - Céline Fiset
- Research Center Montreal Heart Institute Montréal Québec Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy Université de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
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6
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Awandare G, André E, Corrales-Aguilar E, Chen CJ, Mostajo-Radji MA, Jancoriene L, Nemer M. Science advisers around the world on 2020. Nature 2020; 588:586-588. [PMID: 33340028 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-020-03557-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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7
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Labbé MO, Collins L, Lefebvre CA, Maharsy W, Beauregard J, Dostie S, Prévost M, Nemer M, Guindon Y. Identification of a C3'-nitrile nucleoside analogue inhibitor of pancreatic cancer cell line growth. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:126983. [PMID: 32019711 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.126983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic strategy to access a novel family of nucleoside analogues bearing a C3'-nitrile substituted all-carbon quaternary center is presented herein. These purine bearing scaffolds were tested in two pancreatic cancer cell lines harboring either wild-type (BxPC3) or G12V KRAS (Capan2) mutations. A promising compound was shown to have significantly greater efficacy in the Capan2 cell line as compared to Gemcitabine, the clinical gold standard used to treat pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Olivier Labbé
- Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Laura Collins
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Carole-Anne Lefebvre
- Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Wael Maharsy
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Janie Beauregard
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Starr Dostie
- Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Michel Prévost
- Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Mona Nemer
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Yvan Guindon
- Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
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8
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Gharibeh L, Komati H, Bossé Y, Boodhwani M, Heydarpour M, Fortier M, Hassanzadeh R, Ngu J, Mathieu P, Body S, Nemer M. GATA6 Regulates Aortic Valve Remodeling, and Its Haploinsufficiency Leads to Right-Left Type Bicuspid Aortic Valve. Circulation 2019; 138:1025-1038. [PMID: 29567669 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.029506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), the most common congenital heart defect affecting 1% to 2% of the population, is a major risk factor for premature aortic valve disease and accounts for the majority of valve replacement. The genetic basis and mechanisms of BAV etiology and pathogenesis remain largely undefined. METHODS Cardiac structure and function was assessed in mice lacking a Gata6 allele. Human GATA6 gene variants were analyzed in 452 BAV cases from the BAV consortium and 1849 controls from the Framingham GWAS (Genome Wide Association Study). GATA6 expression was determined in mice and human tissues using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Mechanistic studies were carried out in cultured cells. RESULTS Gata6 heterozygous mice have highly penetrant right-left (RL)-type BAV, the most frequent type in humans. GATA6 transcript levels are lower in human BAV compared with normal tricuspid valves. Mechanistically, Gata6 haploinsufficiency disrupts valve remodeling and extracellular matrix composition through dysregulation of important signaling molecules, including matrix metalloproteinase 9. Cell-specific inactivation of Gata6 reveals an essential role for GATA6 in secondary heart field myocytes because loss of 1 Gata6 allele from Isl- 1-positive cells-but not from endothelial or neural crest cells-recapitulates the phenotype of Gata6 heterozygous mice. CONCLUSIONS The data identify a new cellular and molecular mechanism underlying BAV. The availability of an animal model for the most frequent human BAV opens the way for the elucidation of BAV pathogenesis and the development of much needed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Gharibeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (L.G., H.K., R.H., M.T., M.N.)
| | - Hiba Komati
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (L.G., H.K., R.H., M.T., M.N.)
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Canada (Y.B., P.M.)
| | - Munir Boodhwani
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ontario, Canada (M.B., J.N.)
| | - Mahyar Heydarpour
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (L.G., H.K., R.H., M.T., M.N.)
| | | | - Romina Hassanzadeh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.H., S.B.)
| | - Janet Ngu
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ontario, Canada (M.B., J.N.)
| | - Patrick Mathieu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Canada (Y.B., P.M.)
| | - Simon Body
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.H., S.B.)
| | - Mona Nemer
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (L.G., H.K., R.H., M.T., M.N.)
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9
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Whitcomb J, Gharibeh L, Nemer M. From embryogenesis to adulthood: Critical role for GATA factors in heart development and function. IUBMB Life 2019; 72:53-67. [PMID: 31520462 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac development is governed by a complex network of transcription factors (TFs) that regulate cell fates in a spatiotemporal manner. Among these, the GATA family of zinc finger TFs plays prominent roles in regulating the development of the myocardium, endocardium, and outflow tract. This family comprises six members three of which, GATA4, 5, and 6, are predominantly expressed in cardiac cells where they activate specific downstream gene targets via interactions with one another and with other TFs and signaling molecules. Their critical function in heart formation is evidenced by the phenotypes of animal models lacking these factors and by the broad spectrum of human congenital heart diseases associated with mutations in their genes. Similarly, in the postnatal heart, these proteins play significant and nonredundant roles in cardiac function, regulating adaptive stress responses including cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and survival, as well as endothelial homeostasis and angiogenesis. As such, decreased expression of either GATA4, 5, or 6 results in impaired cardiovascular homeostasis and increased risk of premature and serious cardiovascular events such as hypertension, arrhythmia, aortopathy, and heart failure. Although a great deal of progress has been made in understanding GATA-dependent regulatory processes in the heart, the molecular mechanisms underlying the specificity of GATA factors and their upstream regulation remain incompletely understood. The knowledge and tools developed since their discovery 25 years ago should accelerate progress toward further elucidation of their mechanisms of action in health and disease. This in turn will greatly improve diagnosis and care for the millions of individuals affected by congenital and acquired cardiac disease worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamieson Whitcomb
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lara Gharibeh
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mona Nemer
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Alto K, Carpentier A, de Gaetano G, Gros F, Haissaguerre M, Lazdunski M, Nemer M, Noble D, Sabatini DD, Samuelsson B, Taylor DA. Pedro Brugada and Peter Schwartz share the Lefoulon-Delalande Foundation Scientific Prize 2019. Eur Heart J 2019; 40:2670. [PMID: 31433852 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kari Alto
- Honorary Professor of Cardiology, University of Lille
| | | | | | - François Gros
- Permanent Honorary Secretary, French Academy of Sciences
| | | | | | - Mona Nemer
- professeur et conseillère scientifique en chef du Canada, Member, Royal Society of Canada
| | - Denis Noble
- Director, Physiology Laboratory, University of Oxford
| | | | | | - Doris A Taylor
- Director, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
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11
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Simard RD, Joyal M, Gillard L, Di Censo G, Maharsy W, Beauregard J, Colarusso P, Patel KD, Prévost M, Nemer M, Guindon Y. Synthesis of Sialyl Lewis X Glycomimetics Bearing a Bicyclic 3- O,4- C-Fused Galactopyranoside Scaffold. J Org Chem 2019; 84:7372-7387. [PMID: 31088084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Reported herein is the synthesis of sialyl LewisX analogues bearing a trans-bicyclo[4.4.0] dioxadecane-modified 3- O,4- C-fused galactopyranoside scaffold that locks the carboxylate pharmacophore in either the axial or equatorial position. This novel series of bicyclic galactopyranosides are prepared through a stereocontrolled intramolecular cyclization reaction that has been evaluated both experimentally and by density functional theory calculations. The cyclization precursors are obtained from β-d-galactose pentaacetate in a nine-step sequence featuring a highly diastereoselective equatorial alkynylation and Cu(I) catalyzed formation of the acetylenic α-ketoester moiety. Preliminary biological evaluations indicate improved activity as P-selectin antagonists for the axially configured analogues as compared to their equatorial counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Simard
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Laboratory , Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal , Montréal , Québec H2W 1R7 , Canada.,Department of Chemistry , Université de Montréal , Montréal , Québec H3C 3J7 , Canada
| | - Mathieu Joyal
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
| | - Laura Gillard
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Laboratory , Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal , Montréal , Québec H2W 1R7 , Canada
| | - Gianna Di Censo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Laboratory , Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal , Montréal , Québec H2W 1R7 , Canada
| | - Wael Maharsy
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
| | - Janie Beauregard
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
| | - Pina Colarusso
- Live Cell Imaging Laboratory, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta T2N 4N1 , Canada
| | - Kamala D Patel
- Live Cell Imaging Laboratory, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta T2N 4N1 , Canada
| | - Michel Prévost
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Laboratory , Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal , Montréal , Québec H2W 1R7 , Canada
| | - Mona Nemer
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
| | - Yvan Guindon
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Laboratory , Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal , Montréal , Québec H2W 1R7 , Canada.,Department of Chemistry , Université de Montréal , Montréal , Québec H3C 3J7 , Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario K1N 6N5 , Canada
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12
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Abstract
Next month, Canada will host the Group of 7 (G7) summit in picturesque Charlevoix, Québec. As leaders from Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States come together, along with European Union representatives, to discuss the progressive agenda, science will be on everyone's mind. With science and technology playing a prominent role in everyday life, access to science education and to science-based careers is ever more essential for inclusive growth and for women's empowerment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Nemer
- Mona Nemer is the chief science adviser of Canada
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- D Daoud
- Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal - CHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - M Bouin
- Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - L Bellemare
- Gastroenterology, CHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - M Nemer
- Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal - CHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada
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14
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Mathieu S, El Khoury N, Rivard K, Paradis P, Nemer M, Fiset C. Angiotensin II Overstimulation Leads to an Increased Susceptibility to Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Higher Mortality in Female Mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:952. [PMID: 29343862 PMCID: PMC5772611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is associated with high mortality and affects men and women differently. The underlying mechanisms for these sex-related differences remain largely unexplored. Accordingly, using mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of the angiotensin II (ANGII) type 1 receptor (AT1R), we explored male-female differences in the manifestations of hypertrophy and HF. AT1R mice of both sexes feature electrical and Ca2+ handling alterations, systolic dysfunction, hypertrophy and develop HF. However, females had much higher mortality (21.0%) rate than males (5.5%). In females, AT1R stimulation leads to more pronounced eccentric hypertrophy (larger increase in LV mass/body weight ratio [+31%], in cell length [+27%], in LV internal end-diastolic [LVIDd, +34%] and systolic [LVIDs, +67%] diameter) and dilation (larger decrease in LV posterior wall thickness, +17%) than males. In addition, in female AT1R mice the cytosolic Ca2+ extrusion mechanisms were more severely compromised and were associated with a specific increased in Ca2+ sparks (by 187%) and evidence of SR Ca2+ leak. Altogether, these results suggest that female AT1R mice have more severe eccentric hypertrophy, dysfunction and compromised Ca2+ dynamics. These findings indicate that females are more susceptible to the adverse effects of AT1R stimulation than males favouring the development of HF and increased mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Mathieu
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nabil El Khoury
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Katy Rivard
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre Paradis
- Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mona Nemer
- Ottawa University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Céline Fiset
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger, Montréal, Québec, Canada. .,Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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15
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Kanaan GN, Ichim B, Gharibeh L, Maharsy W, Patten DA, Xuan JY, Reunov A, Marshall P, Veinot J, Menzies K, Nemer M, Harper ME. Glutaredoxin-2 controls cardiac mitochondrial dynamics and energetics in mice, and protects against human cardiac pathologies. Redox Biol 2017; 14:509-521. [PMID: 29101900 PMCID: PMC5675898 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutaredoxin 2 (GRX2), a mitochondrial glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase, is central to glutathione homeostasis and mitochondrial redox, which is crucial in highly metabolic tissues like the heart. Previous research showed that absence of Grx2, leads to impaired mitochondrial complex I function, hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy in mice but the impact on mitochondrial structure and function in intact cardiomyocytes and in humans has not been explored. We hypothesized that Grx2 controls cardiac mitochondrial dynamics and function in cellular and mouse models, and that low expression is associated with human cardiac dysfunction. Here we show that Grx2 absence impairs mitochondrial fusion, ultrastructure and energetics in primary cardiomyocytes and cardiac tissue. Moreover, provision of the glutathione precursor, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to Grx2-/- mice did not restore glutathione redox or prevent impairments. Using genetic and histopathological data from the human Genotype-Tissue Expression consortium we demonstrate that low GRX2 is associated with fibrosis, hypertrophy, and infarct in the left ventricle. Altogether, GRX2 is important in the control of cardiac mitochondrial structure and function, and protects against human cardiac pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges N Kanaan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Bianca Ichim
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Lara Gharibeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Wael Maharsy
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - David A Patten
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Jian Ying Xuan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Arkadiy Reunov
- Ottawa Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1Y 4W7
| | - Philip Marshall
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Health Sciences, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - John Veinot
- Ottawa Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1Y 4W7; The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H8L6; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Keir Menzies
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5; Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Health Sciences, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Mona Nemer
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5.
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16
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Darwich R, Li W, Yamak A, Komati H, Andelfinger G, Sun K, Nemer M. KLF13 is a genetic modifier of the Holt-Oram syndrome gene TBX5. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:942-954. [PMID: 28164238 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
TBX5, a member of the T-box family of transcription factors, is a dosage sensitive regulator of heart development. Mutations in TBX5 are responsible for Holt-Oram Syndrome, an autosomal dominant disease with variable and partially penetrant cardiac defects suggestive of the existence of genetic and environmental modifiers. KLF13, a member of the Krüppel-like family of zinc finger proteins is co-expressed with TBX5 in several cardiac cells including atrial cardiomyocytes and cells of the interatrial septum. We report that KLF13 interacts physically and functionally with TBX5 to synergistically activate transcription of cardiac genes. We show that TBX5 contacts KLF13 via its T-domain and find that several disease-causing mutations therein have decreased KLF13 interaction. Whereas Klf13 heterozygote mice have no detectable cardiac defects, loss of a Klf13 allele in Tbx5 heterozygote mice significantly increases the penetrance of TBX5-dependent cardiac abnormalities including atrial, atrial-ventricular and ventricular septal defects. The results reveal for the first time combinatorial interaction between a T-box protein and a KLF family member and its importance for heart and possibly other organ development. The data also suggest that, in human, KLF13 may be a genetic modifier of the Holt-Oram Syndrome gene TBX5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Darwich
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Canada.,Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Abir Yamak
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Hiba Komati
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Gregor Andelfinger
- Sainte Justine Hospital, Cardiovascular Genetics, Montréal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Kun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mona Nemer
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Canada
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17
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Straubinger J, Boldt K, Kuret A, Deng L, Krattenmacher D, Bork N, Desch M, Feil R, Feil S, Nemer M, Ueffing M, Ruth P, Just S, Lukowski R. Amplified pathogenic actions of angiotensin II in cysteine-rich LIM-only protein 4-negative mouse hearts. FASEB J 2017; 31:1620-1638. [PMID: 28138039 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
LIM domain proteins have been identified as essential modulators of cardiac biology and pathology; however, it is unclear which role the cysteine-rich LIM-only protein (CRP)4 plays in these processes. In studying CRP4 mutant mice, we found that their hearts developed normally, but lack of CRP4 exaggerated multiple parameters of the cardiac stress response to the neurohormone angiotensin II (Ang II). Aiming to dissect the molecular details, we found a link between CRP4 and the cardioprotective cGMP pathway, as well as a multiprotein complex comprising well-known hypertrophy-associated factors. Significant enrichment of the cysteine-rich intestinal protein (CRIP)1 in murine hearts lacking CRP4, as well as severe cardiac defects and premature death of CRIP1 and CRP4 morphant zebrafish embryos, further support the notion that depleting CRP4 is incompatible with a proper cardiac development and function. Together, amplified Ang II signaling identified CRP4 as a novel antiremodeling factor regulated, at least to some extent, by cardiac cGMP.-Straubinger, J., Boldt, K., Kuret, A., Deng, L., Krattenmacher, D., Bork, N., Desch, M., Feil, R., Feil, S., Nemer, M., Ueffing, M., Ruth, P., Just, S., Lukowski, R. Amplified pathogenic actions of angiotensin II in cysteine-rich LIM-only protein 4 negative mouse hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Straubinger
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karsten Boldt
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Molecular Biology of Retinal Degenerations and Medical Proteome Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna Kuret
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lisa Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Diana Krattenmacher
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nadja Bork
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Desch
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and
| | - Susanne Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and
| | - Mona Nemer
- Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Immunology, and Microbiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Molecular Biology of Retinal Degenerations and Medical Proteome Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Ruth
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Steffen Just
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany;
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18
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Appari M, Breitbart A, Brandes F, Szaroszyk M, Froese N, Korf-Klingebiel M, Mohammadi MM, Grund A, Scharf GM, Wang H, Zwadlo C, Fraccarollo D, Schrameck U, Nemer M, Wong GW, Katus HA, Wollert KC, Müller OJ, Bauersachs J, Heineke J. C1q-TNF-Related Protein-9 Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy and Failure. Circ Res 2016; 120:66-77. [PMID: 27821723 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.309398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Myocardial endothelial cells promote cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, possibly through the release of growth factors. The identity of these factors, however, remains largely unknown, and we hypothesized here that the secreted CTRP9 (C1q-tumor necrosis factor-related protein-9) might act as endothelial-derived protein to modulate heart remodeling in response to pressure overload. OBJECTIVE To examine the source of cardiac CTRP9 and its function during pressure overload. METHODS AND RESULTS CTRP9 was mainly derived from myocardial capillary endothelial cells. CTRP9 mRNA expression was enhanced in hypertrophic human hearts and in mouse hearts after transverse aortic constriction (TAC). CTRP9 protein was more abundant in the serum of patients with severe aortic stenosis and in murine hearts after TAC. Interestingly, heterozygous and especially homozygous knock-out C1qtnf9 (CTRP9) gene-deleted mice were protected from the development of cardiac hypertrophy, left ventricular dilatation, and dysfunction during TAC. CTRP9 overexpression, in turn, promoted hypertrophic cardiac remodeling and dysfunction after TAC in mice and induced hypertrophy in isolated adult cardiomyocytes. Mechanistically, CTRP9 knock-out mice showed strongly reduced levels of activated prohypertrophic ERK5 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5) during TAC compared with wild-type mice, while CTRP9 overexpression entailed increased ERK5 activation in response to pressure overload. Inhibition of ERK5 by a dominant negative MEK5 mutant or by the ERK5/MEK5 inhibitor BIX02189 blunted CTRP9 triggered hypertrophy in isolated adult cardiomyocytes in vitro and attenuated mouse cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction in vivo, respectively. Downstream of ERK5, we identified the prohypertrophic transcription factor GATA4, which was directly activated through ERK5-dependent phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS The upregulation of CTRP9 during hypertrophic heart disease facilitates maladaptive cardiac remodeling and left ventricular dysfunction and might constitute a therapeutic target in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Appari
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Astrid Breitbart
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Florian Brandes
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Malgorzata Szaroszyk
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Natali Froese
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Mortimer Korf-Klingebiel
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Mona Malek Mohammadi
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Andrea Grund
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Gesine M Scharf
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Honghui Wang
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Carolin Zwadlo
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Daniela Fraccarollo
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Ulrike Schrameck
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Mona Nemer
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - G William Wong
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Hugo A Katus
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Kai C Wollert
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Oliver J Müller
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.)
| | - Joerg Heineke
- From the Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., D.F., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.) and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (M.A., A.B., F.B., M.S., N.F., M.K.-K., M.M.M., A.G., G.M.S., H.W., C.Z., U.S., K.C.W., J.B., J.H.), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China (H.W.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.N.); Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.W.W.); Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (H.A.K., O.J.M.).
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Mathieu S, El Khoury N, Rivard K, Gélinas R, Goyette P, Paradis P, Nemer M, Fiset C. Reduction in Na(+) current by angiotensin II is mediated by PKCα in mouse and human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Heart Rhythm 2016; 13:1346-54. [PMID: 26921763 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac deaths are among the leading causes of mortality in patients with heart failure, and the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Chronic elevation of angiotensin II (ANGII) is known to be one of the main contributors to heart failure. OBJECTIVE We tested whether ANGII can alter ventricular conduction and Na(+) current using transgenic mice with cardiomyocyte-restricted overexpression of ANGII type 1 receptor (AT1R). METHODS We used surface electrocardiograms along with current- and voltage-clamp techniques to characterize the electrophysiological properties of AT1R mice while the underlying regulatory mechanisms were explored using reverse transcription/quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blots, and immunofluorescence techniques. RESULTS Electrophysiological data indicated that chronic AT1R activation in ventricular myocytes caused a 60% reduction in Na(+) current density that slowed the maximal velocity of the action potential upstroke, leading to a prolongation of the QRS complex. These changes occur independently of cardiac hypertrophy, suggesting a direct role for ANGII/AT1R in slowing ventricular conduction. Western blots demonstrated a selective increase in sarcolemmal protein kinase Cα (PKCα) in AT1R mice, indicating PKCα activation. Furthermore, immunofluorescence analysis showed reorganization of PKCα expression to sarcolemma and colocalization with NaV1.5 in AT1R myocytes. The involvement of PKCα in regulating Na(+) current was subsequently demonstrated in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes where ANGII treatment reduced Na(+) current density. Concomitant treatment with αV5-3, a PKCα translocation inhibitor peptide, blocked the ANGII effect. CONCLUSION Overall, this study suggests that in mouse and human cardiomyocytes, PKCα is an important mediator of the ANGII-induced reduction in Na(+) current and may contribute to ventricular arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Mathieu
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nabil El Khoury
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Katy Rivard
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roselle Gélinas
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philippe Goyette
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre Paradis
- Lady Davis Institute, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mona Nemer
- Ottawa University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Céline Fiset
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Nemer
- From the Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Lara Gharibeh
- From the Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Kassab K, Hariri H, Gharibeh L, Fahed AC, Zein M, El-Rassy I, Nemer M, El-Rassi I, Bitar F, Nemer G. GATA5 mutation homozygosity linked to a double outlet right ventricle phenotype in a Lebanese patient. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2015; 4:160-71. [PMID: 27066509 PMCID: PMC4799877 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background GATA transcription factors are evolutionary conserved zinc finger proteins with multiple roles in cell differentiation/proliferation and organogenesis. GATA5 is only transiently expressed in the embryonic heart, and the inactivation of both Gata5 alleles results in a partially penetrant bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) phenotype in mice. We hypothesized that only biallelic mutations in GATA5 could be disease causing. Methods A total of 185 patients with different forms of congenital heart disease (CHD) were screened along 150 healthy individuals for GATA4, 5, and 6. All patients' phenotypes were diagnosed with echocardiography. Results Sequencing results revealed eight missense variants (three of which are novel) in cases with various conotruncal and septal defects. Out of these, two were inherited in recessive forms: the p.T67P variant, which was found both in patients and in healthy individuals, and the previously described p.Y142H variant which was only found in a patient with a double outlet right ventricle (DORV). We characterized the p.Y142H variant and showed that it significantly reduced the transcriptional activity of the protein over cardiac promoters by 30–40%. Conclusion Our results do prove that p.Y142H is associated with DORV and suggests including GATA5 as a potential gene to be screened in patients with this phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kameel Kassab
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon
| | - Hadla Hariri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon
| | - Lara Gharibeh
- Department of Biochemistry University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Akl C Fahed
- Department of Genetics Harvard Medical School and Department of Internal Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts
| | - Manal Zein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon
| | - Inaam El-Rassy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon
| | - Mona Nemer
- Department of Biochemistry University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Issam El-Rassi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon
| | - Fadi Bitar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsAmerican University of BeirutBeirutLebanon; Department of SurgeryAmerican University of BeirutBeirutLebanon
| | - Georges Nemer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon
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22
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Kinnunen S, Välimäki M, Tölli M, Wohlfahrt G, Darwich R, Komati H, Nemer M, Ruskoaho H. Nuclear Receptor-Like Structure and Interaction of Congenital Heart Disease-Associated Factors GATA4 and NKX2-5. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144145. [PMID: 26642209 PMCID: PMC4671672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Transcription factor GATA4 is a dosage sensitive regulator of heart development and alterations in its level or activity lead to congenital heart disease (CHD). GATA4 has also been implicated in cardiac regeneration and repair. GATA4 action involves combinatorial interaction with other cofactors such as NKX2-5, another critical cardiac regulator whose mutations also cause CHD. Despite its critical importance to the heart and its evolutionary conservation across species, the structural basis of the GATA4-NKX2-5 interaction remains incompletely understood. METHODS AND RESULTS A homology model was constructed and used to identify surface amino acids important for the interaction of GATA4 and NKX2-5. These residues were subjected to site-directed mutagenesis, and the mutant proteins were characterized for their ability to bind DNA and to physically and functionally interact with NKX2-5. The studies identify 5 highly conserved amino acids in the second zinc finger (N272, R283, Q274, K299) and its C-terminal extension (R319) that are critical for physical and functional interaction with the third alpha helix of NKX2-5 homeodomain. Integration of the experimental data with computational modeling suggests that the structural arrangement of the zinc finger-homeodomain resembles the architecture of the conserved DNA binding domain of nuclear receptors. CONCLUSIONS The results provide novel insight into the structural basis for protein-protein interactions between two important classes of transcription factors. The model proposed will help to elucidate the molecular basis for disease causing mutations in GATA4 and NKX2-5 and may be relevant to other members of the GATA and NK classes of transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sini Kinnunen
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mika Välimäki
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marja Tölli
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Gerd Wohlfahrt
- Orion Pharma, Computer-Aided Drug Design, Espoo, Finland
| | - Rami Darwich
- Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Hiba Komati
- Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mona Nemer
- Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- * E-mail: (HR); (MN)
| | - Heikki Ruskoaho
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- * E-mail: (HR); (MN)
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Maharsy W, Aries A, Mansour O, Komati H, Nemer M. Ageing is a risk factor in imatinib mesylate cardiotoxicity. Eur J Heart Fail 2015; 16:367-76. [PMID: 24504921 PMCID: PMC4238824 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Chemotherapy-induced heart failure is increasingly recognized as a major clinical challenge. Cardiotoxicity of imatinib mesylate, a highly selective and effective anticancer drug belonging to the new class of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, is being reported in patients, some progressing to congestive heart failure. This represents an unanticipated challenge that could limit effective drug use. Understanding the mechanisms and risk factors of imatinib mesylate cardiotoxicity is crucial for prevention of cardiovascular complications in cancer patients. METHODS AND RESULTS We used genetically engineered mice and primary rat neonatal cardiomyocytes to analyse the action of imatinib on the heart. We found that treatment with imatinib (200 mg/kg/day for 5 weeks) leads to mitochondrial-dependent myocyte loss and cardiac dysfunction, as confirmed by electron microscopy, RNA analysis, and echocardiography. Imatinib cardiotoxicity was more severe in older mice, in part due to an age-dependent increase in oxidative stress. Mechanistically, depletion of the transcription factor GATA4 resulting in decreased levels of its prosurvival targets Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL was an underlying cause of imatinib toxicity. Consistent with this, GATA4 haploinsufficient mice were more susceptible to imatinib, and myocyte-specific up-regulation of GATA4 or Bcl-2 protected against drug-induced cardiotoxicity. CONCLUSION The results indicate that imatinib action on the heart targets cardiomyocytes and involves mitochondrial impairment and cell death that can be further aggravated by oxidative stress. This in turn offers a possible explanation for the current conflicting data regarding imatinib cardiotoxicity in cancer patients and suggests that cardiac monitoring of older patients receiving imatinib therapy may be especially warranted.
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MESH Headings
- Aging/physiology
- Animals
- Benzamides/toxicity
- Cardiotoxicity
- Echocardiography
- GATA4 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Imatinib Mesylate
- In Situ Nick-End Labeling
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Mitochondria, Heart/drug effects
- Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism
- Mitochondria, Heart/ultrastructure
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/ultrastructure
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Piperazines/toxicity
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/toxicity
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
- Pyrimidines/toxicity
- Rats
- Risk Factors
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/chemically induced
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/diagnostic imaging
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/metabolism
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/pathology
- bcl-X Protein/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Maharsy
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory,
University of Ottawa, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and ImmunologyOttawa, Canada
| | - Anne Aries
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal
(IRCM)Montreal, Canada
- Institut de Recherche en Hématologie et
Transplantation (IRHT)Mulhouse, France
| | - Omar Mansour
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory,
University of Ottawa, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and ImmunologyOttawa, Canada
| | - Hiba Komati
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory,
University of Ottawa, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and ImmunologyOttawa, Canada
| | - Mona Nemer
- Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory,
University of Ottawa, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and ImmunologyOttawa, Canada
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal
(IRCM)Montreal, Canada
- Corresponding author. Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration Laboratory,
University of Ottawa Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, 550 Cumberland (246),
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1N 6N5. Tel: +1 613 562 5270, Fax: +1 613 562 5271,
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24
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Straubinger J, Schöttle V, Bork N, Subramanian H, Dünnes S, Russwurm M, Gawaz M, Friebe A, Nemer M, Nikolaev VO, Lukowski R. Sildenafil Does Not Prevent Heart Hypertrophy and Fibrosis Induced by Cardiomyocyte Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Signaling. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 354:406-16. [PMID: 26157043 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.226092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Analyses of several mouse models imply that the phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor sildenafil (SIL), via increasing cGMP, affords protection against angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated cardiac remodeling. However, it is unclear which cell types are involved in these beneficial effects, because Ang II may exert its adverse effects by modulating multiple renovascular and cardiac functions via Ang II type 1 receptors (AT1Rs). To test the hypothesis that SIL/cGMP inhibit cardiac stress provoked by amplified Ang II/AT1R directly in cardiomyocytes (CMs), we studied transgenic mice with CM-specific overexpression of the AT1R under the control of the α-myosin heavy chain promoter (αMHC-AT1R(tg/+)). The extent of cardiac growth was assessed in the absence or presence of SIL and defined by referring changes in heart weight to body weight or tibia length. Hypertrophic marker genes, extracellular matrix-regulating factors, and expression patterns of fibrosis markers were examined in αMHC-AT1R(tg/+) ventricles (with or without SIL) and corroborated by investigating different components of the natriuretic peptide/PDE5/cGMP pathway as well as cardiac functions. cGMP levels in heart lysates and intact CMs were measured by competitive immunoassays and Förster resonance energy transfer. We found higher cardiac and CM cGMP levels and upregulation of the cGMP-dependent protein kinase type I with AT1R overexpression. However, even a prolonged SIL treatment regimen did not limit the progressive CM growth, fibrosis, or decline in cardiac functions in the αMHC-AT1R(tg/+) model, suggesting that SIL does not interfere with the pathogenic actions of amplified AT1R signaling in CMs. Hence, the cardiac/noncardiac cells involved in the cross-talk between SIL-sensitive PDE activity and Ang II/AT1R still need to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Straubinger
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Verena Schöttle
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Nadja Bork
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Hariharan Subramanian
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Sarah Dünnes
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Michael Russwurm
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Meinrad Gawaz
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Andreas Friebe
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Mona Nemer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
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Mathieu P, Bossé Y, Huggins GS, Della Corte A, Pibarot P, Michelena HI, Limongelli G, Boulanger MC, Evangelista A, Bédard E, Citro R, Body SC, Nemer M, Schoen FJ. The pathology and pathobiology of bicuspid aortic valve: State of the art and novel research perspectives. J Pathol Clin Res 2015; 1:195-206. [PMID: 27499904 PMCID: PMC4939890 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bicuspid aortic valve is the most prevalent cardiac valvular malformation. It is associated with a high rate of long‐term morbidity including development of calcific aortic valve disease, aortic regurgitation and concomitant thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection. Recently, basic and translational studies have identified some key processes involved in the development of bicuspid aortic valve and its morbidity. The development of aortic valve disease and thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection is the result of complex interactions between genotypes, environmental risk factors and specific haemodynamic conditions created by bicuspid aortic valve anatomy. Herein, we review the pathobiology of bicuspid aortic valve with a special emphasis on translational aspects of these basic findings. Important but unresolved problems in the pathology of bicuspid aortic valve and thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection are discussed, along with the molecular processes involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Mathieu
- Laboratoire d'Études Moléculaires des Valvulopathies (LEMV), Groupe de Recherche en Valvulopathies (GRV), Department of Surgery Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center, Laval University Quebec Canada
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center Laval University Québec Canada
| | - Gordon S Huggins
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute Center for Translational Genomics, Tufts Medical Center Boston Massachussetts USA
| | - Alessandro Della Corte
- Department of Cardiothoracic Sciences, Cardiac Surgery Second University of Naples 80131 Naples Italy
| | - Philippe Pibarot
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center Laval University Québec Canada
| | - Hector I Michelena
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - Giuseppe Limongelli
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Cardiologia SUN, Monaldi Hospital, AO Colli Naples Italy
| | - Marie-Chloé Boulanger
- Laboratoire d'Études Moléculaires des Valvulopathies (LEMV), Groupe de Recherche en Valvulopathies (GRV), Department of Surgery Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center, Laval University Quebec Canada
| | - Arturo Evangelista
- Department of Cardiology Hospital Universitary Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Spain
| | - Elisabeth Bédard
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center Laval University Québec Canada
| | - Rodolfo Citro
- Heart Department University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona" Salerno Italy
| | - Simon C Body
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine Center for Perioperative Genomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Mona Nemer
- Laboratory for Cardiac Development and Differentiation University of Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Frederick J Schoen
- Department of Pathology Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School USA
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Yamak A, Georges RO, Sheikh-Hassani M, Morin M, Komati H, Nemer M. Novel exons in the tbx5 gene locus generate protein isoforms with distinct expression domains and function. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:6844-56. [PMID: 25623069 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.634451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
TBX5 is the gene mutated in Holt-Oram syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder with complex heart and limb deformities. Its protein product is a member of the T-box family of transcription factors and an evolutionarily conserved dosage-sensitive regulator of heart and limb development. Understanding TBX5 regulation is therefore of paramount importance. Here we uncover the existence of novel exons and provide evidence that TBX5 activity may be extensively regulated through alternative splicing to produce protein isoforms with differing N- and C-terminal domains. These isoforms are also present in human heart, indicative of an evolutionarily conserved regulatory mechanism. The newly identified isoforms have different transcriptional properties and can antagonize TBX5a target gene activation. Droplet Digital PCR as well as immunohistochemistry with isoform-specific antibodies reveal differential as well as overlapping expression domains. In particular, we find that the predominant isoform in skeletal myoblasts is Tbx5c, and we show that it is dramatically up-regulated in differentiating myotubes and is essential for myotube formation. Mechanistically, TBX5c antagonizes TBX5a activation of pro-proliferative signals such as IGF-1, FGF-10, and BMP4. The results provide new insight into Tbx5 regulation and function that will further our understanding of its role in health and disease. The finding of new exons in the Tbx5 locus may also be relevant to mutational screening especially in the 30% of Holt-Oram syndrome patients with no mutations in the known TBX5a exons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Yamak
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5 and
| | - Romain O Georges
- the Graduate Program in Molecular Biology, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Massomeh Sheikh-Hassani
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5 and
| | - Martin Morin
- the Graduate Program in Molecular Biology, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Hiba Komati
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5 and
| | - Mona Nemer
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cardiac Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5 and the Graduate Program in Molecular Biology, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
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Ma CX, Song YL, Xiao L, Xue LX, Li WJ, Laforest B, Komati H, Wang WP, Jia ZQ, Zhou CY, Zou Y, Nemer M, Zhang SF, Bai X, Wu H, Zang MX. EGF is required for cardiac differentiation of P19CL6 cells through interaction with GATA-4 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 72:2005-22. [PMID: 25504289 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1795-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of cardiac differentiation is critical for maintaining normal cardiac development and function. The precise mechanisms whereby cardiac differentiation is regulated remain uncertain. Here, we have identified a GATA-4 target, EGF, which is essential for cardiogenesis and regulates cardiac differentiation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, EGF demonstrates functional interaction with GATA-4 in inducing the cardiac differentiation of P19CL6 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Biochemically, GATA-4 forms a complex with STAT3 to bind to the EGF promoter in response to EGF stimulation and cooperatively activate the EGF promoter. Functionally, the cooperation during EGF activation results in the subsequent activation of cyclin D1 expression, which partly accounts for the lack of additional induction of cardiac differentiation by the GATA-4/STAT3 complex. Thus, we propose a model in which the regulatory cascade of cardiac differentiation involves GATA-4, EGF, and cyclin D1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Xia Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Da Dao 100, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
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Abstract
Unlike other organs, the adult heart has limited regenerative potential owing to the inability of postnatal cardiomyocytes to undergo proliferative growth. As a result, ischemic heart disease continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Elucidating the molecular pathways of cardiomyocyte differentiation and proliferation holds great promise for human health. In a recent paper we employed a multidisciplinary approach to identify a novel pathway required for cardiomyocyte growth and differentiation. Starting with the dissection of a new regulatory sequence required for cardiac specific expression, we identified the cognate DNA binding protein as KLF13, a tissue-restricted member of the newly identified KLF family of zinc-finger proteins. We took advantage of the ease in manipulating Xenopus embryos to genetically alter KLF13 levels thus demonstrating a requirement for KLF13 in cardiac progenitor cell proliferation and heart morphogenesis. Furthermore, we combined biochemical approaches with genetic manipulations in Xenopus to show that KLF13 is a GATA4 interacting protein and a genetic modifier of GATA4 function. Cyclin D1 was identified as a direct transcriptional target for KLF13 that may account for the proliferation defects observed in embryos with downregulated KLF13 levels. Thus, tissue-specific regulators of the cell cycle may be potential congenital heart disease causing genes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Nemer
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
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Messaoudi S, Gutsol A, Hébert RL, Nemer M. Abstract 320: Gata5 Null Mice: A New Genetic Model Of Low-Renin Salt-Sensitive Hypertension. Hypertension 2014. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.64.suppl_1.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
GATA5, a transcription factor of the GATA family, is expressed in the kidney where its function is unknown. In mice, inactivation of GATA5 leads to a cardiac hypertrophy similar to that observed in hypertension. We hypothesized that GATA5 in the kidney may participate in blood pressure (BP) regulation.
Blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff in 3-5 month old GATA5 null (G5-KO) mice and their Wild-type (Wt) littermates. Systolic BP was higher in G5-KO mice when compared to Wt in both males (143±4 vs 122±3 mm Hg, p<0.001, n=14-15) and females (137±2 vs 117±3 mm Hg, p<0.001, n=11-12). High salt diet (8% NaCl for 6 weeks) further increased BP in G5-KO mice (p<0.05) but not in Wt. Under regular diet, there were no changes in water consumption (Wt: 4.0±0.2 ml/24h; vs KO-G5: 4.1±0.1 ml/24h) and urine excretion (Wt: 1.3±0.1 ml/24h; vs KO-G5: 1.1±0.1 ml/24h). Aldosterone urinary concentration was unchanged (Wt: 16.8±2.0 pmol/24h; vs KO-G5: 16.9±1.2 pmol/24h) as well as urinary and plasmatic electrolytes (Na+, K+, Cl-) concentrations. We determined that GATA5 was mainly expressed in the proximal tubule. Expression of genes coding proteins involved in sodium reabsorption in that segment (or others) was either unchanged (NHE3, NKCC2 and aENAC) or decreased (αNaK-ATPase -15% p<0.05; βENaC -21% p<0.01) in G5-KO mice. Renin expression was also decreased by 40% (p<0.05). In contrast, renal expression of pro-inflammatory genes was increased in G5-KO mice (MCP1 +155% p<0.005, PAI1 +90% p<0.01, RANTES +95% p<0.01) but the number of macrophages (assessed by F4/80 immunostaining) in kidney was not different and Masson’s trichrome staining revealed no fibrosis. In contrast, periodic acid Schiff staining showed glomerular hypercellularity in KO-G5 mice (p<0.05). Older G5-KO mice (10 months) exhibited more severe lesions: focal segmental glomerulosclerosis with mesangial cell proliferation, glomerular basement membrane thickening and accumulation of mesangial extracellular matrix.
In summary, G5-KO mice are characterized by hypertension, salt sensitivity and glomerular lesions. They represent a new genetic model to study low-renin hypertension (which affects up to 25% of the hypertensive population) and for which the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood.
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Mailloux RJ, Xuan JY, McBride S, Maharsy W, Thorn S, Holterman CE, Kennedy CRJ, Rippstein P, deKemp R, da Silva J, Nemer M, Lou M, Harper ME. Glutaredoxin-2 is required to control oxidative phosphorylation in cardiac muscle by mediating deglutathionylation reactions. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:14812-28. [PMID: 24727547 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.550574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutaredoxin-2 (Grx2) modulates the activity of several mitochondrial proteins in cardiac tissue by catalyzing deglutathionylation reactions. However, it remains uncertain whether Grx2 is required to control mitochondrial ATP output in heart. Here, we report that Grx2 plays a vital role modulating mitochondrial energetics and heart physiology by mediating the deglutathionylation of mitochondrial proteins. Deletion of Grx2 (Grx2(-/-)) decreased ATP production by complex I-linked substrates to half that in wild type (WT) mitochondria. Decreased respiration was associated with increased complex I glutathionylation diminishing its activity. Tissue glucose uptake was concomitantly increased. Mitochondrial ATP output and complex I activity could be recovered by restoring the redox environment to that favoring the deglutathionylated states of proteins. Grx2(-/-) hearts also developed left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis, and mice became hypertensive. Mitochondrial energetics from Grx2 heterozygotes (Grx2(+/-)) were also dysfunctional, and hearts were hypertrophic. Intriguingly, Grx2(+/-) mice were far less hypertensive than Grx2(-/-) mice. Thus, Grx2 plays a vital role in modulating mitochondrial metabolism in cardiac muscle, and Grx2 deficiency leads to pathology. As mitochondrial ATP production was restored by the addition of reductants, these findings may be relevant to novel redox-related therapies in cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Mailloux
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jian Ying Xuan
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Skye McBride
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Wael Maharsy
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Stephanie Thorn
- the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Chet E Holterman
- the Kidney Research Centre, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada, and
| | - Christopher R J Kennedy
- the Kidney Research Centre, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada, and
| | - Peter Rippstein
- the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Robert deKemp
- the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Jean da Silva
- the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Mona Nemer
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Marjorie Lou
- the Center of Redox Biology and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska at Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0903
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada,
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Ton AT, Huynh F, Nemer M, Fiset C. L-Type Calcium and Potassium Currents are Differently Regulated by Angiotensin II in Atrial and Ventricular Mouse Myocytes. Biophys J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.11.721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Nemer M, Kristensen P, Nijem K, Bjertness E, Skogstad M. Respiratory function and chemical exposures among female hairdressers in Palestine. Occup Med (Lond) 2012; 63:73-6. [PMID: 23144124 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqs190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hairdressers are exposed to chemicals and work tasks that may cause respiratory symptoms. There is little awareness of occupational health among hairdressing salons in Palestine. AIMS To characterize respiratory symptoms, lung function, and knowledge of exposure to hazards among female Palestinian hairdressers. METHODS Cross-sectional study of female hairdressers and controls of female university students and staff. Working history and respiratory symptoms were collected using questionnaire. Lung function was measured. Working conditions were characterized in salons. RESULTS A total of 170 hairdressers from 56 salons and 170 controls participated. Nineteen per cent of the hairdressers reported wheezing versus 11% in the control group. The mean forced vital capacity was 3.31 l compared with 3.42 l for controls. Adjusting for age and height, there was a forced expiratory volume in 1 s reduction of 0.093 l (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.06-0.15) comparing hairdressers with controls. A small number of hairdressers used respiratory protective equipment, and satisfactory ventilation in salons were lacking. CONCLUSIONS Female hairdressers had higher prevalence of reported asthma and respiratory symptoms than the controls, but these differences reduced markedly when adjusted for age, height, weight and years of education. They had lower lung function measurements than the control group. Increasing the awareness of occupational health hazards and improving the work conditions for the hairdressers in Palestine is needed. Possible bias could be present as hairdressers might have over reported symptoms or lung function measurements might be affected by differences in socioeconomic status between the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nemer
- Section for Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Abstract
The heart as a functional organ first appeared in bilaterians as a single peristaltic pump and evolved through arthropods, fish, amphibians, and finally mammals into a four-chambered engine controlling blood-flow within the body. The acquisition of cardiac complexity in the evolving heart was a product of gene duplication events and the co-option of novel signaling pathways to an ancestral cardiac-specific gene network. T-box factors belong to an evolutionary conserved family of transcriptional regulators with diverse roles in development. Their regulatory functions are integral in the initiation and potentiation of heart development, and mutations in these genes are associated with congenital heart defects. In this review we will discuss the evolutionary conserved cardiac regulatory functions of this family as well as their implication in disease in an aim to facilitate future gene-targeted and regenerative therapeutic remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Hariri
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale, Centre-ville Montréal, Quebec, H3C3J7, Canada
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Hitz MP, Lemieux-Perreault LP, Marshall C, Feroz-Zada Y, Davies R, Yang SW, Lionel AC, D'Amours G, Lemyre E, Cullum R, Bigras JL, Thibeault M, Chetaille P, Montpetit A, Khairy P, Overduin B, Klaassen S, Hoodless P, Nemer M, Stewart AFR, Boerkoel C, Scherer SW, Richter A, Dubé MP, Andelfinger G. Rare copy number variants contribute to congenital left-sided heart disease. PLoS Genet 2012; 8:e1002903. [PMID: 22969434 PMCID: PMC3435243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Left-sided congenital heart disease (CHD) encompasses a spectrum of malformations that range from bicuspid aortic valve to hypoplastic left heart syndrome. It contributes significantly to infant mortality and has serious implications in adult cardiology. Although left-sided CHD is known to be highly heritable, the underlying genetic determinants are largely unidentified. In this study, we sought to determine the impact of structural genomic variation on left-sided CHD and compared multiplex families (464 individuals with 174 affecteds (37.5%) in 59 multiplex families and 8 trios) to 1,582 well-phenotyped controls. 73 unique inherited or de novo CNVs in 54 individuals were identified in the left-sided CHD cohort. After stringent filtering, our gene inventory reveals 25 new candidates for LS-CHD pathogenesis, such as SMC1A, MFAP4, and CTHRC1, and overlaps with several known syndromic loci. Conservative estimation examining the overlap of the prioritized gene content with CNVs present only in affected individuals in our cohort implies a strong effect for unique CNVs in at least 10% of left-sided CHD cases. Enrichment testing of gene content in all identified CNVs showed a significant association with angiogenesis. In this first family-based CNV study of left-sided CHD, we found that both co-segregating and de novo events associate with disease in a complex fashion at structural genomic level. Often viewed as an anatomically circumscript disease, a subset of left-sided CHD may in fact reflect more general genetic perturbations of angiogenesis and/or vascular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Phillip Hitz
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christian Marshall
- The Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yassamin Feroz-Zada
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Robbie Davies
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shi Wei Yang
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anath Christopher Lionel
- The Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guylaine D'Amours
- Service of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Lemyre
- Service of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Rebecca Cullum
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jean-Luc Bigras
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Maryse Thibeault
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Chetaille
- Cardiology Service, Centre Mère-Enfants, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Université de Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Montpetit
- Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Paul Khairy
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Bert Overduin
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory–European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Sabine Klaassen
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pamela Hoodless
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mona Nemer
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandre F. R. Stewart
- Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cornelius Boerkoel
- Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephen W. Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Richter
- Service of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Dubé
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Gregor Andelfinger
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Yamak A, Temsah R, Maharsy W, Caron S, Paradis P, Aries A, Nemer M. Cyclin D2 rescues size and function of GATA4 haplo-insufficient hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2012; 303:H1057-66. [PMID: 22923619 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00250.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factor GATA4 is a key regulator of cardiomyocyte growth, and differentiation and 50% reduction in GATA4 levels results in hypoplastic hearts. Search for GATA4 targets/effectors revealed cyclin D(2) (CD2), a member of the D-type cyclins (D(1), D(2), and D(3)) that play a vital role in cell growth and differentiation as a direct transcriptional target and a mediator of GATA4 growth in postnatal cardiomyocytes. GATA4 associates with the CD2 promoter in cardiomyocytes and is sufficient to induce endogenous CD2 transcription and to dose-dependently activate the CD2 promoter in heterologous cells. Cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of CD2 results in enhanced postnatal cardiac growth because of increased cardiomyocyte proliferation. When these transgenic mice are crossed with Gata4 heterozygote mice, they rescue the hypoplastic cardiac phenotype of Gata4(+/-) mice and enhance cardiomyocyte survival and heart function. The data uncover a role for CD2 in the postnatal heart as an effector of GATA4 in myocyte growth and survival. The finding that postnatal upregulation of a cell-cycle gene in GATA4 haplo-insufficient hearts may be protective opens new avenues for maintaining or restoring cardiac function in GATA4-dependent cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Yamak
- Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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36
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Gallagher JM, Komati H, Roy E, Nemer M, Latinkić BV. Dissociation of cardiogenic and postnatal myocardial activities of GATA4. Mol Cell Biol 2012; 32:2214-23. [PMID: 22473995 PMCID: PMC3372269 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00218-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor GATA4 is a critical regulator of the embryonic and postnatal heart, but the mechanisms and cofactors required for its diverse functions are not fully understood. Here, we show that whereas the N-terminal domain of GATA4 is required for inducing cardiogenesis and for promoting postnatal cardiomyocyte survival, distinct residues and domains therein are necessary to mediate these effects. Cardiogenic activity of GATA4 requires a 24-amino-acid (aa) region (aa 129 to 152) which is needed for transcriptional synergy and physical interaction with BAF60c. The same region is not essential for induction of endoderm or blood cell markers by GATA4, suggesting that it acts as a cell-type-specific transcriptional activation domain. On the other hand, a serine residue at position 105, which is a known target for mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation, is necessary for GATA4-dependent cardiac myocyte survival and hypertrophy but is entirely dispensable for GATA4-induced cardiogenesis. We find that S105 is differentially required for transcriptional synergy between GATA4 and serum response factor (SRF) but not other cardiac cofactors such as TBX5 and NKX2.5. The findings provide new insight into GATA4 mechanisms of action and suggest that distinct regulatory pathways regulate activities of GATA4 in embryonic development and postnatal hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Gallagher
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Hiba Komati
- Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Roy
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mona Nemer
- Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Branko V. Latinkić
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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37
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Yasuda N, Akazawa H, Ito K, Shimizu I, Kudo-Sakamoto Y, Yabumoto C, Yano M, Yamamoto R, Ozasa Y, Minamino T, Naito AT, Oka T, Shiojima I, Tamura K, Umemura S, Paradis P, Nemer M, Komuro I. Agonist-Independent Constitutive Activity of Angiotensin II Receptor Promotes Cardiac Remodeling in Mice. Hypertension 2012; 59:627-33. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.175208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 (AT
1
) receptor mainly mediates the physiological and pathological actions of Ang II, but recent studies have suggested that AT
1
receptor inherently shows spontaneous constitutive activity even in the absence of Ang II in culture cells. To elucidate the role of Ang II–independent AT
1
receptor activation in the pathogenesis of cardiac remodeling, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing AT
1
receptor under the control of α-myosin heavy chain promoter in angiotensinogen-knockout background (AT
1
Tg-AgtKO mice). In AT
1
Tg-AgtKO hearts, redistributions of the Gα
q11
subunit into cytosol and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases were significantly increased, compared with angiotensinogen-knockout mice hearts, suggesting that the AT
1
receptor is constitutively activated independent of Ang II. As a consequence, AT
1
Tg-AgtKO mice showed spontaneous systolic dysfunction and chamber dilatation, accompanied by severe interstitial fibrosis. Progression of cardiac remodeling in AT
1
Tg-AgtKO mice was prevented by treatment with candesartan, an inverse agonist for the AT
1
receptor, but not by its derivative candesartan-7H, deficient of inverse agonism attributed to a lack of the carboxyl group at the benzimidazole ring. Our results demonstrate that constitutive activity of the AT
1
receptor under basal conditions contributes to the cardiac remodeling even in the absence of Ang II, when the AT
1
receptor is upregulated in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noritaka Yasuda
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Hiroshi Akazawa
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Kaoru Ito
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Ippei Shimizu
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Yoko Kudo-Sakamoto
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Chizuru Yabumoto
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Masamichi Yano
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Rie Yamamoto
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Yukako Ozasa
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Tohru Minamino
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Atsuhiko T. Naito
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Toru Oka
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Ichiro Shiojima
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Kouichi Tamura
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Satoshi Umemura
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Pierre Paradis
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Mona Nemer
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
| | - Issei Komuro
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine (N.Y., K.I., Ip.S., R.Y., Y.O., T.M.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine (H.A, Y.K.-S., C.Y., M.Y., T.O., I.K.) and Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (A.T.N., Ic.S.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (K.T., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Lady Davis
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38
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Rivard K, Grandy SA, Douillette A, Paradis P, Nemer M, Allen BG, Fiset C. Overexpression of type 1 angiotensin II receptors impairs excitation-contraction coupling in the mouse heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2011; 301:H2018-27. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01092.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Transgenic mice that overexpress human type 1 angiotensin II receptor (AT1R) in the heart develop cardiac hypertrophy. Previously, we have shown that in 6-mo AT1R mice, which exhibit significant cardiac remodeling, fractional shortening is decreased. However, it is not clear whether altered contractility is attributable to AT1R overexpression or is secondary to cardiac hypertrophy/remodeling. Thus the present study characterized the effects of AT1R overexpression on ventricular L-type Ca2+ currents ( ICaL), cell shortening, and Ca2+ handling in 50-day and 6-mo-old male AT1R mice. Echocardiography showed there was no evidence of cardiac hypertrophy in 50-day AT1R mice but that fractional shortening was decreased. Cellular experiments showed that cell shortening, ICaL, and Cav1.2 mRNA expression were significantly reduced in 50-day and 6-mo-old AT1R mice compared with controls. In addition, Ca2+ transients and caffeine-induced Ca2+ transients were reduced whereas the time to 90% Ca2+ transient decay was prolonged in both age groups of AT1R mice. Western blot analysis revealed that sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger protein expression was significantly decreased in 50-day and 6-mo AT1R mice. Overall, the data show that cardiac contractility and the mechanisms that underlie excitation-contraction coupling are altered in AT1R mice. Furthermore, since the alterations in contractility occur before the development of cardiac hypertrophy, it is likely that these changes are attributable to the increased activity of the renin-angiotensin system brought about by AT1R overexpression. Thus it is possible that AT1R blockade may help maintain cardiac contractility in individuals with heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy Rivard
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal,
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal,
| | - Scott A. Grandy
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal,
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal,
| | - Annie Douillette
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal,
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal,
| | | | | | | | - Céline Fiset
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal,
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal,
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39
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Laforest B, Andelfinger G, Nemer M. Loss of Gata5 in mice leads to bicuspid aortic valve. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:2876-87. [PMID: 21633169 DOI: 10.1172/jci44555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), the leading congenital heart disease, occurs in 1%-2% of the population. Genetic studies suggest that BAV is an autosomal-dominant disease with reduced penetrance. However, only 1 gene, NOTCH1, has been linked to cases of BAV. Here, we show that targeted deletion of Gata5 in mice leads to hypoplastic hearts and partially penetrant BAV formation. Endocardial cell-specific inactivation of Gata5 led to BAV, similar to that observed in Gata5-/- mice. In all cases, the observed BAVs resulted from fusion of the right-coronary and noncoronary leaflets, the subtype associated with the more severe valve dysfunction in humans. Neither endocardial cell proliferation nor cushion formation was altered in the absence of Gata5. Rather, defective endocardial cell differentiation, resulting from the deregulation of several components of the Notch pathway and other important endocardial cell regulators, may be the underlying mechanism of disease. The results unravel a critical cell-autonomous role for endocardial Gata5 in aortic valve formation and identify GATA5 as a potential gene responsible for congenital heart disease in humans. Mice with mutated Gata5 alleles represent unique models to dissect the mechanisms underlying degenerative aortic valve disease and to develop much-needed preventive and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Laforest
- Program in Molecular Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Laforest B, Nemer M. GATA5 interacts with GATA4 and GATA6 in outflow tract development. Dev Biol 2011; 358:368-78. [PMID: 21839733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Revised: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Members of the GATA family of transcription factors are critical regulators of heart development and mutations in 2 of them, GATA4 and GATA6 are associated with outflow tract and septal defects in human. The heart expresses 3 GATA factors, GATA4, 5 and 6 in a partially overlapping pattern. Here, we report that compound Gata4/Gata5 and Gata5/Gata6 mutants die embryonically or perinatally due to severe congenital heart defects. Almost all Gata4(+/-)Gata5(+/-) mutant embryos have double outlet right ventricles (DORV), large ventricular septal defects (VSD) as well as hypertrophied mitral and tricuspid valves. Only 25% of double compound Gata4/Gata5 heterozygotes survive to adulthood and these mice have aortic stenosis. Compound loss of a Gata5 and a Gata6 allele also leads to DORVs associated with subaortic VSDs. Expression of several transcription factors important for endocardial and myocardial cell differentiation, such as Tbx20, Mef2c, Hey1 and Hand2, was reduced in compound heterozygote embryos. These findings suggest the existence of important genetic interactions between Gata5 and the 2 other cardiac GATA factors in endocardial cushion formation and outflow tract morphogenesis. The data identify GATA5 as a potential genetic modifier of congenital heart disease and provide insight for elucidating the genetic basis of an important class of human birth defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Laforest
- Laboratoire de Développement et Différentiation Cardiaque, Programme de Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal QC, Canada H3C 3J7
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Komati H, Maharsy W, Beauregard J, Hayek S, Nemer M. ZFP260 is an inducer of cardiac hypertrophy and a nuclear mediator of endothelin-1 signaling. J Biol Chem 2010; 286:1508-16. [PMID: 21051538 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.162966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pressure and volume overload induce hypertrophic growth of postnatal cardiomyocytes and genetic reprogramming characterized by reactivation of a subset of fetal genes. Despite intense efforts, the nuclear effectors of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy remain incompletely defined. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) plays an important role in cardiomyocyte growth and is involved in mediating the neurohormonal effects of mechanical stress. Here, we show that the phenylephrine-induced complex-1 (PEX1), also known as zinc finger transcription factor ZFP260, is essential for cardiomyocyte response to ET-1 as evidenced in cardiomyocytes with PEX1 knockdown. We found that ET-1 enhances PEX1 transcriptional activity via a PKC-dependent pathway which phosphorylates the protein and further potentiates its synergy with GATA4. Consistent with a role for PEX1 in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, overexpression of PEX1 is sufficient to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, transgenic mice with inducible PEX1 expression in the adult heart develop cardiac hypertrophy with preserved heart function. Together, the results identify a novel nuclear effector of ET-1 signaling and suggest that PEX1 may be a regulator of the early stages of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Komati
- Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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Nemer G, Nemer M. Tbx5 et l’adaptation du cœur à la vie sur terre. Med Sci (Paris) 2010; 26:699-700. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2010268-9699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent data suggest that GATA-4 is an antiapoptotic factor required for adaptive responses and a key regulator of hypertrophy and hypertrophy-associated genes in the heart. As a leading cause of chronic heart failure, reversal of postinfarction left ventricular remodeling represents an important target for therapeutic interventions. Here, we studied the role of GATA-4 as a mediator of postinfarction remodeling in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Myocardial infarction, caused by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery, significantly decreased the DNA binding activity of GATA-4 at day 1, whereas at 2 weeks the GATA-4 DNA binding was significantly upregulated. To determine the functional role of GATA-4, peri-infarct intramyocardial delivery of adenoviral vector expressing GATA-4 was done before left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. Hearts treated with GATA-4 gene transfer exhibited significantly increased ejection fraction and fractional shortening. Accordingly, infarct size was significantly reduced. To determine the cardioprotective mechanisms of GATA-4, myocardial angiogenesis, rate of apoptosis, c-kit+ cardiac stemlike cells, and genes regulated by GATA-4 were studied. The number of capillaries and stemlike cells was significantly increased, and decreased apoptosis was observed. CONCLUSION These results indicate that the reversal of reduced GATA-4 activity prevents adverse postinfarction remodeling through myocardial angiogenesis, antiapoptosis, and stem cell recruitment. GATA-4-based gene transfer may represent a novel, efficient therapeutic approach for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Rysä
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Biomedicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Rivard K, Mathieu S, Nemer M, Fiset C. Reductions in Ventricular Ca2+ Current Occur Independently of Cardiac Remodelling in Transgenic Mice with Cardiac Specific Overexpression of the Human Type 1 Angiotensin II Receptor. Biophys J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.2866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Kyrönlahti A, Rämö M, Tamminen M, Unkila-Kallio L, Butzow R, Leminen A, Nemer M, Rahman N, Huhtaniemi I, Heikinheimo M, Anttonen M. GATA-4 regulates Bcl-2 expression in ovarian granulosa cell tumors. Endocrinology 2008; 149:5635-42. [PMID: 18653721 DOI: 10.1210/en.2008-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Excessive cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCTs). We hypothesized that transcription factor GATA-4 controls expression of the antiapoptotic factor Bcl-2 and the cell cycle regulator cyclin D2 in normal and neoplastic granulosa cells. To test this hypothesis, a tissue microarray based on 80 GCTs was subjected to immunohistochemistry for GATA-4, Bcl-2, and cyclin D2, and the data were correlated to clinical and histopathological parameters. In addition, quantitative RT-PCR for GATA-4, Bcl-2, and cyclin D2 was performed on 21 human GCTs. A mouse GCT model was used to complement these studies. The role of GATA-4 in the regulation of Bcl2 and ccdn2 (coding for cyclin D2) was studied by transactivation assays, and by disrupting GATA-4 function with dominant negative approaches in mouse and human GCT cell lines. We found that GATA-4 expression correlated with Bcl-2 and cyclin D2 expression in human and murine GCTs. Moreover, GATA-4 enhanced Bcl-2 and cyclin D2 promoter activity in murine GCT cells. Whereas GATA-4 overexpression up-regulated and dominant negative GATA-4 suppressed Bcl-2 expression in human GCT cells, the effects on cyclin D2 were negligible. Our results reveal a previously unknown relationship between GATA-4 and Bcl-2 in mammalian granulosa cells and GCTs, and suggest that GATA-4 influences granulosa cell fate by transactivating Bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti Kyrönlahti
- Children's Hospital and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Nemer M, Dali-Youcef N, Wang H, Aries A, Paradis P. Mechanisms of Angiotensin II-Dependent Progression to Heart Failure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 274:58-68; discussion 68-72, 152-5, 272-6. [PMID: 17019806 DOI: 10.1002/0470029331.ch5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Up-regulation of angiotensin II (AII) signalling plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy and failure as evidenced by the efficacy of AII receptor blockers or inhibitors of AII biosynthesis in reversing ventricular hypertrophy and preventing human heart failure. The mechanisms underlying AII action in the heart remain undefined. Myocardial-specific expression of the AII type 1 receptor (AT1R) in mice is sufficient for inducing progressive myocyte hypertrophy and cardiac remodelling leading to adult heart failure with a disease progression course reminiscent of work overload-induced human heart failure. We examined the functional, structural and genetic changes associated with disease progression in this model. The results reveal that AT1R-dependent interaction between myocytes and non-myocytes is critical in cardiac remodelling. At the level of cardiomyocytes, decreased mitochondrial function is one of the earliest events of AII action leading to mitochondrial depletion and increased apoptosis. Up-regulation of cardiac Bcl-2 prevents mitochondrial deterioration, cardiomyocyte loss and pathologic remodelling. Importantly, Bcl-2 completely rescues premature death due to heart failure and maintains the 'compensated' state. The data suggest that targeting Bcl-2 or interfering with mitochondrial dysfunction may offer new therapeutic opportunities for preventing transition from compensated hypertrophy to heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Nemer
- Research Unit in Cardiac Growth and Differentiation, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), 110 Avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
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Rivard K, Paradis P, Nemer M, Fiset C. Cardiac-specific overexpression of the human type 1 angiotensin II receptor causes delayed repolarization. Cardiovasc Res 2008; 78:53-62. [PMID: 18245065 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvn020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of human angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) undergo cardiac remodelling and die prematurely of sudden death. Since excessive QT prolongation is a major risk factor for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death, we hypothesize that chronic stimulation of AT1R might contribute to sudden death by promoting delayed repolarization and ventricular arrhythmias. METHODS In the present study, a detailed analysis of ventricular repolarization parameters was undertaken in AT1R mice. RESULTS Measurement of K+ currents in ventricular myocytes isolated from 6-8 months AT1R male mice revealed a significant reduction of the Ca2+-independent transient outward (I(to)), the ultra-rapid delayed rectifier (I Kur)), and the inward rectifier (I K1) K+ currents compared with littermate controls (CTL). The expression of the underlying K+ channels was also decreased in AT1R ventricles. Moreover, reactivation of I(to) was slower in AT1R mice. Consistent with these findings, AT1R mice presented a longer action potential duration (APD90, CTL: 19.0 +/- 1.8 ms; AT1R: 39.1 +/- 4.7 ms, P = 0.0001) and QTc interval (CTL: 53.6 +/- 1.5 ms, AT1R: 64.2 +/- 1.4 ms, P = 0.0005). In addition, spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias were reported in the AT1R mice. Importantly, the increased incidence of arrhythmia and the repolarization defects also occurred in much younger AT1R mice that do not present signs of hypertrophy, confirming that these arrhythmogenic changes are not secondary to cardiac remodelling. CONCLUSION These results strongly suggest that chronic stimulation of AT1R directly leads to an increased incidence of cardiac arrhythmia associated with delayed repolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy Rivard
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Rue Bélanger, Montréal, QC, Canada H1T 1C8
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Majalahti T, Suo-Palosaari M, Sármán B, Hautala N, Pikkarainen S, Tokola H, Vuolteenaho O, Wang J, Paradis P, Nemer M, Ruskoaho H. Cardiac BNP gene activation by angiotensin II in vivo. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2007; 273:59-67. [PMID: 17587490 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2007.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2007] [Revised: 04/20/2007] [Accepted: 05/09/2007] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factors involved in the activation of cardiac gene expression by angiotensin II (Ang II) in vivo are not well understood. Here we studied the contribution of transcriptional elements to the activation of the cardiac B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) gene promoter by Ang II in conscious rats and in angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) transgenic mice. Rat BNP luciferase reporter gene constructs were injected into the left ventricular wall. The mean luciferase activity was 1.8-fold higher (P<0.05) in the ventricles of animals subjected to 2-week Ang II infusion as compared with vehicle infusion. Our results indicate that GATA binding sites at -90 and -81 in the rat BNP promoter are essential for the in vivo response to Ang II. The GATA factor binding to these sites is GATA-4. BNP mRNA levels and GATA-4 binding activity are also increased in the hypertrophied hearts of aged AT1R transgenic mice.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Body Weight/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- DNA/metabolism
- GATA4 Transcription Factor/genetics
- GATA4 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- GATA6 Transcription Factor/genetics
- GATA6 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/genetics
- Organ Size/drug effects
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Protein Binding/drug effects
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- Transcription Factor AP-1/metabolism
- Transcriptional Activation
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Majalahti
- Department of Physiology, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu FIN-90014, Finland
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