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Biernacki M, Badura M, Grzonkowska M, Szpinda M, Dąbrowska M, Paruszewska-Achtel M, Wiśniewski M, Baumgart M. Quantitative anatomy of the growing supraspinatus muscle in the human fetus. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2022; 82:862-868. [PMID: 36573362 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2022.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The supraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles, initiates abduction of the arm, simultaneously stretching the articular capsule at the glenohumeral joint, and also contributes to exorotation of the arm. In the present study we aimed to evaluate the age-specific normative values for morphometric parameters of the supraspinatus muscle in human fetuses at varying ages and to elaborate their growth models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using anatomical dissection, digital image analysis (NIS Elements AR 3.0) and statistics (Student's t-test, regression analysis), the length, width, circumference and projection surface area of the supraspinatus muscle were measured in 34 human fetuses of both sexes (16 males, 18 females) aged 18-30 weeks of gestation. RESULTS Neither sex nor laterality differences were found in numerical data of the supraspinatus muscle. In the supraspinatus muscle its length and projection surface area increased logarithmically, while its width and circumference grew proportionately to gestational age. The following growth models of the supraspinatus muscle were established: y = -71.382 + 30.972 × ln(Age) ± 0.565 for length, y = -2.988 + 0.386 × Age ± 0.168 for greatest width (perpendicular to superior angle of scapula), y = -1.899 + 0.240 × Age ± 0.078 for width perpendicular to the scapular notch, y = -19.7016 + 3.381 × Age ± 2.036 for circumference, and y = -721.769 + 266.141 × ln(Age) ± 6.170 for projection surface area. CONCLUSIONS The supraspinatus muscle reveals neither sex nor laterality differences in its size. The supraspinatus muscle grows logarithmically with reference to its length and projection surface area, and proportionately with respect to its width and circumference.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Biernacki
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland.
| | - M Badura
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - M Grzonkowska
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - M Szpinda
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - M Dąbrowska
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - M Paruszewska-Achtel
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - M Wiśniewski
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
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Grzonkowska M, Baumgart M, Badura M, Wiśniewski M, Szpinda M. Quantitative study of the primary ossification center of the parietal bone in the human fetus. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2022; 82:307-314. [PMID: 35239181 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2022.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Detailed morphometric data concentrating on the development of primary ossification centers in human fetuses is critical for the early detection of developmental defects. Thus, an understanding of the growth and development of the parietal bone is crucial in assessing both the normal and pathological development of the calvaria. The size of the parietal primary ossification center in 37 spontaneously aborted human fetuses of both sexes (16 males and 21 females) aged 18-30 weeks was studied by means of CT, digital-image analysis and statistics. The numerical data of the parietal primary ossification center in the human fetus displays neither sex nor laterality differences. With relation to fetal age in weeks, the parietal primary ossification center grew in sagittal diameter according to the quadratic function y = 16.322 + 0.0347 × (age)² ± 1.323 R² = 0.96, in projection surface area according to the cubic function y = 284.1895 + 0.051 × (age)³ ± 0.490, while in both coronal diameter and volume according to the quartic functions: y = 21.746 + 0.000025 × (age)⁴ ± 1.256 and y = 296.984 + 0.001 × (age)⁴, respectively. The obtained morphometric data of the parietal primary ossification center may be considered age-specific references, and so may contribute to the estimation of gestational ages and be useful in the diagnostics of congenital cranial defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Grzonkowska
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland.
| | - M Baumgart
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - M Badura
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - M Wiśniewski
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - M Szpinda
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
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Grzonkowska M, Baumgart M, Badura M, Wiśniewski M, Lisiecki J, Szpinda M. Quantitative anatomy of primary ossification centres of the lateral and basilar parts of the occipital bone in the human foetus. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2021; 80:895-903. [PMID: 34750804 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2021.0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Computed tomography (CT)-based quantitative analysis of primary ossification centres in the cranium has not been carried out to date due to the limited availability of the foetal human material. Detailed morphometric data about the development of primary ossification centres in human foetuses may be useful in the early detection of developmental defects. Understanding the growth and development of the occipital bone is crucial in assessing the normal and pathological development of the cranial base, and the cranium as a whole. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study material comprised 37 human foetuses (16 males and 21 females) aged 18-30 weeks of gestation. Using CT, digital image analysis software, three-dimensional reconstruction and statistical methods, the size of the primary ossification centres of the lateral and basilar parts of the occipital bone was evaluated. RESULTS The morphometric characteristics of primary ossification centres of the lateral and basilar parts of the occipital bone display neither sex nor laterality differences. These ossification centres grow linearly with respect to their sagittal and transverse diameters, projection surface area and volume. CONCLUSIONS The obtained morphometric data of primary ossification centres in the lateral and basilar parts of the occipital bone may be considered as normative for their respective prenatal weeks and may contribute to the estimation of gestational ages and the diagnostics of congenital defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Grzonkowska
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland.
| | - M Baumgart
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - M Badura
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - M Wiśniewski
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - J Lisiecki
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - M Szpinda
- Department of Normal Anatomy, the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
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Rybinska A, Sosnowska A, Grzonkowska M, Barycki M, Puzyn T. Comment on "Filling environmental data gaps with QSPR for ionic liquids: Modeling n-octanol/water coefficient". J Hazard Mater 2017; 329:351-352. [PMID: 27843022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rybinska
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anita Sosnowska
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Monika Grzonkowska
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maciej Barycki
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Puzyn
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland.
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Grzonkowska M, Sosnowska A, Barycki M, Rybinska A, Puzyn T. How the structure of ionic liquid affects its toxicity to Vibrio fischeri? Chemosphere 2016; 159:199-207. [PMID: 27295436 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we have proposed a statistical model predicting the toxicity of ionic liquids (ILs) to Vibrio fischeri bacteria using the Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) method. The model was developed with Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) technique, using the Gutman molecular topological index (GMTI), the lopping centric information index (LOC) and the number of oxygen atoms. Presented model is characterized by the good fit to the experimental data (R(2) = 0.78), high robustness (Q(2)CV = 0.72) and good predictive ability (Q(2)EXT = 0.75). This approach, with using very simple descriptors, helps to initially evaluate the toxicity of newly designed ionic liquids. The studied toxicity of ionic liquids depends mainly on their cations' structure: larger, more branched cations with long alkyl chains are more toxic than the smaller, linear ones. The presence of polar functional groups in the cation's structure reduces the toxic properties of ionic liquids. The structure of the anion has little effect on the toxicity of the studied ionic liquids. Obtained results will provide insight into the toxicity mechanisms and useful information for assessing the potential ecological risk of ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Grzonkowska
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anita Sosnowska
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maciej Barycki
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Rybinska
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Puzyn
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
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Barycki M, Sosnowska A, Piotrowska M, Urbaszek P, Rybinska A, Grzonkowska M, Puzyn T. ILPC: simple chemometric tool supporting the design of ionic liquids. J Cheminform 2016; 8:40. [PMID: 27547246 PMCID: PMC4991077 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-016-0152-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ionic liquids (ILs) found a variety of applications in today’s chemistry. Since their properties depend on the ions constituting particular ionic liquid, it is possible to synthetize IL with desired specification, dependently on its further function. However, this task is not trivial, since knowledge regarding the influence of particular ion on the property of concern is crucial. Therefore, there is a strong need for new, fast and inexpensive methods supporting the process of ionic liquids’ design, making it possible to predefine IL’s properties even before the synthesis. Results We have developed a simple tool (called Ionic Liquid PhysicoChemical predictor: ILPC) that allows for the simultaneous qualitative prediction of four physicochemical properties of ionic liquids: viscosity, n-octanol–water partition coefficient, solubility and enthalpy of fusion. By the means of Principal Component Analysis, we studied 172 ILs and defined distribution trends of those four properties, dependently on the ILs structures. We proved that the qualitative prediction of mentioned properties could be performed on the basis of most simple information we can deliver about ILs, which are their molecular formulas. Conclusions Created tool presented in this paper allows fast, pre-synthesis screening of ILs, with the omission of any experimental steps. It can be helpful in the process of designing ILs with preferred properties. We proved that the information encrypted in molecular formula of ionic liquid could be a valuable source of knowledge regarding the IL’s viscosity, n-octanol–water partition coefficient, solubility and enthalpy of fusion. Moreover, we proved that the influence of both ions, constituting the IL, on each of those four properties indicates same, additive trend.Schematic representation of ILPC performance - the exact position of the ionic liquid on the linear map is determined by its chemical structure ![]() Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13321-016-0152-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Barycki
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anita Sosnowska
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Piotrowska
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Urbaszek
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Rybinska
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Monika Grzonkowska
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Puzyn
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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Rybinska A, Sosnowska A, Grzonkowska M, Barycki M, Puzyn T. Filling environmental data gaps with QSPR for ionic liquids: Modeling n-octanol/water coefficient. J Hazard Mater 2016; 303:137-144. [PMID: 26530890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) form a wide group of compounds characterized by specific properties that allow using ILs in different fields of science and industry. Regarding that the growing production and use of ionic liquids increase probability of their emission to the environment, it is important to estimate the ability of these compounds to spread in the environment. One of the most important parameters that allow evaluating environmental mobility of compound is n-octanol/water partition coefficient (KOW). Experimental measuring of the KOW values for a large number of compounds could be time consuming and costly. Instead, computational predictions are nowadays being used more often. The paper presents new Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) model that allows predicting the logarithmic values of KOW for 335 ILs, for which the experimentally measured values had been unavailable. We also estimated bioaccumulation potential and point out which group of ILs could have negative impact on environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rybinska
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anita Sosnowska
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Monika Grzonkowska
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maciej Barycki
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Puzyn
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland.
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Jagiello K, Grzonkowska M, Swirog M, Ahmed L, Rasulev B, Avramopoulos A, Papadopoulos MG, Leszczynski J, Puzyn T. Advantages and limitations of classic and 3D QSAR approaches in nano-QSAR studies based on biological activity of fullerene derivatives. J Nanopart Res 2016; 18:256. [PMID: 27642255 PMCID: PMC5003910 DOI: 10.1007/s11051-016-3564-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In this contribution, the advantages and limitations of two computational techniques that can be used for the investigation of nanoparticles activity and toxicity: classic nano-QSAR (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships employed for nanomaterials) and 3D nano-QSAR (three-dimensional Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships, such us Comparative Molecular Field Analysis, CoMFA/Comparative Molecular Similarity Indices Analysis, CoMSIA analysis employed for nanomaterials) have been briefly summarized. Both approaches were compared according to the selected criteria, including: efficiency, type of experimental data, class of nanomaterials, time required for calculations and computational cost, difficulties in the interpretation. Taking into account the advantages and limitations of each method, we provide the recommendations for nano-QSAR modellers and QSAR model users to be able to determine a proper and efficient methodology to investigate biological activity of nanoparticles in order to describe the underlying interactions in the most reliable and useful manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Jagiello
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Monika Grzonkowska
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marta Swirog
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lucky Ahmed
- Interdisciplinary Nanotoxicity Center, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 JR Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217-0510 USA
| | - Bakhtiyor Rasulev
- Interdisciplinary Nanotoxicity Center, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 JR Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217-0510 USA
- Center for Computationally Assisted Science and Technology, North Dakota State University, 1805 NDSU Research Park Drive, Post Office Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA
| | - Aggelos Avramopoulos
- Institute of Biology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Manthos G. Papadopoulos
- Institute of Biology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Jerzy Leszczynski
- Interdisciplinary Nanotoxicity Center, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 JR Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217-0510 USA
| | - Tomasz Puzyn
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
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