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Qureshi JN, Farooq MS. ChainAgile: A framework for the improvement of Scrum Agile distributed software development based on blockchain. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299324. [PMID: 38512865 PMCID: PMC10956875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Software Development based on Scrum Agile in a distributed development environment plays a pivotal role in the contemporary software industry by facilitating software development across geographic boundaries. However, in the past different frameworks utilized to address the challenges like communication and collaboration in scrum agile distributed software development (SADSD) were notably inadequate in transparency, security, traceability, geographically dispersed location work agreements, geographically dispersed teamwork effectiveness, and trust. These deficiencies frequently resulted in delays in software development and deployment, customer dissatisfaction, canceled agreements, project failures, and disputes over payments between customers and development teams. To address these challenges of SADSD, this paper proposes a new framework called ChainAgile, which leverages blockchain technology. ChainAgile employs a private Ethereum blockchain to facilitate the execution of smart contracts. These smart contracts cover a range of functions, including acceptance testing, secure payments, requirement verification, task prioritization, sprint backlog, user story design and development and payments with the automated distribution of payments via digital wallets to development teams. Moreover, in the ChainAgile framework, smart contracts also play a pivotal role in automatically imposing penalties on customers for making late payments or for no payments and penalties on developers for completing the tasks that exceed their deadlines. Furthermore, ChainAgile effectively addresses the scalability limitations intrinsic in blockchain technology by incorporating the Interplanetary File System (IPFS) is used for storage solutions as an off-chain mechanism. The experimental results conclusively show that this innovative approach substantially improves transparency, traceability, coordination, communication, security, and trust for both customers and developers engaged in scrum agile distributed software development (SADSD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Nasir Qureshi
- Department of Computer Science, School of System and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
- Department of Computer Science, School of System and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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2
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Haseeb M, Manzoor MF, Farooq MS, Farooq U, Abid A. A versatile dataset for intrinsic plagiarism detection, text reuse analysis, and author clustering in Urdu. Data Brief 2024; 52:109857. [PMID: 38161660 PMCID: PMC10754700 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Plagiarism detection (PD) is a process of identifying instances where someone has presented another person's work or ideas as their own. Plagiarism detection is categorized into two types (i) Intrinsic plagiarism detection primarily concerns the assessment of authorship consistency within a single document, aiming to identify instances where portions of the text may have been copied or paraphrased from elsewhere within the same document. Author clustering, closely related to intrinsic plagiarism detection, involves grouping documents based on their stylistic and linguistic characteristics to identify common authors or sources within a given dataset. On the other hand, (ii) extrinsic plagiarism detection delves into the comparative analysis of a suspicious document against a set of external source documents, seeking instances of shared phrases, sentences, or paragraphs between them, which is often referred to as text reuse or verbatim copying. Detection of plagiarism from documents is a long-established task in the area of NLP with remarkable contributions in multiple applications. A lot of research has already been conducted in the English and other foreign languages but Urdu language needs a lot of attention especially in intrinsic plagiarism detection domain. The major reason is that Urdu is a low resource language and unfortunately there is no high-quality benchmark corpus available for intrinsic plagiarism detection in Urdu language. This study presents a high-quality benchmark Corpus comprising 10,872 documents. The corpus is structured into two granularity levels: sentence level and paragraph level. This dataset serves multifaceted purposes, facilitating intrinsic plagiarism detection, verbatim text reuse identification, and author clustering in the Urdu language. Also, it holds significance for natural language processing researchers and practitioners as it facilitates the development of specialized plagiarism detection models tailored to the Urdu language. These models can play a vital role in education and publishing by improving the accuracy of plagiarism detection, effectively addressing a gap and enhancing the overall ability to identify copied content in Urdu writing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haseeb
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faraz Manzoor
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Farooq
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Abid
- Department of Data Science, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, University of the Punjab, Pakistan
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3
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Farooq MS, Ansari ZK, Alvi A, Rustam F, Díez IDLT, Mazón JLV, Rodríguez CL, Ashraf I. Blockchain based transparent and reliable framework for wheat crop supply chain. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295036. [PMID: 38206967 PMCID: PMC10783778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The wheat crop that fulfills 35% of human food demand is facing several problems due to a lack of transparency, security, reliability, and traceability in the existing agriculture supply chain. Many systems have been developed for the agriculture supply chain to overcome such issues, however, monopolistic centralized control is the biggest hurdle to realizing the use of such systems. It has eventually gained consumers' trust in branded products and rejected other products due to the lack of traceable supply chain information. This study proposes a blockchain-based framework for supply chain traceability which provides trustable, transparent, secure, and reliable services for the wheat crop. A crypto token called wheat coin (WC) has been introduced to keep track of transactions among the stakeholders of the wheat supply chain. Moreover, an initial coin offering (ICO) of WC, crypto wallets, and an economic model are proposed. Furthermore, a smart contract-based transaction system has been devised for the transparency of wheat crop transactions and conversion of WC to fiat and vice versa. We have developed the interplanetary file system (IPFS) to improve data availability, security, and transparency which stores encrypted private data of farmers, businesses, and merchants. Lastly, the results of the experiments show that the proposed framework shows better performance as compared to previous crop supply chain solutions in terms of latency to add-blocks, per-minute transactions, average gas charge for the transaction, and transaction verification time. Performance analysis with Bitcoin and Ethereum shows the superior performance of the proposed system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zain Khalid Ansari
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Atif Alvi
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Furqan Rustam
- School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Isabel De La Torre Díez
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematic Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Vidal Mazón
- Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
- Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Arecibo, Puerto Rico, United States of America
- Universidade Internacional do Cuanza, Cuito, Bié, Angola
| | - Carmen Lili Rodríguez
- Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
- Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche, México
| | - Imran Ashraf
- Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea
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Farooq MS, Abdullah M, Riaz S, Alvi A, Rustam F, Flores MAL, Galán JC, Samad MA, Ashraf I. A Survey on the Role of Industrial IoT in Manufacturing for Implementation of Smart Industry. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8958. [PMID: 37960657 PMCID: PMC10650216 DOI: 10.3390/s23218958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) is an innovative technology that presents effective and attractive solutions to revolutionize various domains. Numerous solutions based on the IoT have been designed to automate industries, manufacturing units, and production houses to mitigate human involvement in hazardous operations. Owing to the large number of publications in the IoT paradigm, in particular those focusing on industrial IoT (IIoT), a comprehensive survey is significantly important to provide insights into recent developments. This survey presents the workings of the IoT-based smart industry and its major components and proposes the state-of-the-art network infrastructure, including structured layers of IIoT architecture, IIoT network topologies, protocols, and devices. Furthermore, the relationship between IoT-based industries and key technologies is analyzed, including big data storage, cloud computing, and data analytics. A detailed discussion of IIoT-based application domains, smartphone application solutions, and sensor- and device-based IIoT applications developed for the management of the smart industry is also presented. Consequently, IIoT-based security attacks and their relevant countermeasures are highlighted. By analyzing the essential components, their security risks, and available solutions, future research directions regarding the implementation of IIoT are outlined. Finally, a comprehensive discussion of open research challenges and issues related to the smart industry is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (M.S.F.); (M.A.); (S.R.); (A.A.)
| | - Muhammad Abdullah
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (M.S.F.); (M.A.); (S.R.); (A.A.)
| | - Shamyla Riaz
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (M.S.F.); (M.A.); (S.R.); (A.A.)
| | - Atif Alvi
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (M.S.F.); (M.A.); (S.R.); (A.A.)
| | - Furqan Rustam
- School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Miguel Angel López Flores
- Research Group on Foods, Universidad Europea del Atlantico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain; (M.A.L.F.); (J.C.G.)
- Research Group on Foods, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche 24560, Mexico
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, UPIICSA, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Juan Castanedo Galán
- Research Group on Foods, Universidad Europea del Atlantico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain; (M.A.L.F.); (J.C.G.)
- Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Arecibo, PR 00613, USA
- Department of Projects, Universidade Internacional do Cuanza, Cuito EN250, Bie, Angola
| | - Md Abdus Samad
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Imran Ashraf
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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Farooq MS, Tehseen R, Sabir M, Atal Z. Detection of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children and adults using machine learning. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9605. [PMID: 37311766 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35910-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents a neurological and developmental disorder that has an impact on the social and cognitive skills of children causing repetitive behaviours, restricted interests, communication problems and difficulty in social interaction. Early diagnosis of ASD can prevent from its severity and prolonged effects. Federated learning (FL) is one of the most recent techniques that can be applied for accurate ASD diagnoses in early stages or prevention of its long-term effects. In this article, FL technique has been uniquely applied for autism detection by training two different ML classifiers including logistic regression and support vector machine locally for classification of ASD factors and detection of ASD in children and adults. Due to FL, results obtained from these classifiers have been transmitted to central server where meta classifier is trained to determine which approach is most accurate in the detection of ASD in children and adults. Four different ASD patient datasets, each containing more than 600 records of effected children and adults have been obtained from different repository for features extraction. The proposed model predicted ASD with 98% accuracy (in children) and 81% accuracy (in adults).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Tehseen
- Department of Computer Science, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Maidah Sabir
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Zabihullah Atal
- Department of Computer Science, Kardan University, Kabul, 1007, Afghanistan.
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Farooq MS, Naseem A, Rustam F, Ashraf I. Fake news detection in Urdu language using machine learning. PeerJ Comput Sci 2023; 9:e1353. [PMID: 37346628 PMCID: PMC10280395 DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
With the rise of social media, the dissemination of forged content and news has been on the rise. Consequently, fake news detection has emerged as an important research problem. Several approaches have been presented to discriminate fake news from real news, however, such approaches lack robustness for multi-domain datasets, especially within the context of Urdu news. In addition, some studies use machine-translated datasets using English to Urdu Google translator and manual verification is not carried out. This limits the wide use of such approaches for real-world applications. This study investigates these issues and proposes fake news classier for Urdu news. The dataset has been collected covering nine different domains and constitutes 4097 news. Experiments are performed using the term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) and a bag of words (BoW) with the combination of n-grams. The major contribution of this study is the use of feature stacking, where feature vectors of preprocessed text and verbs extracted from the preprocessed text are combined. Support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, and ensemble models like random forest (RF) and extra tree (ET) were used for bagging while stacking was applied with ET and RF as base learners with logistic regression as the meta learner. To check the robustness of models, fivefold and independent set testing were employed. Experimental results indicate that stacking achieves 93.39%, 88.96%, 96.33%, 86.2%, and 93.17% scores for accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, MCC, ROC, and F1 score, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ansar Naseem
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Furqan Rustam
- Department of Software Engineering, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Imran Ashraf
- Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan si, South Korea
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7
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Farooq MS, Khalid H, Arooj A, Umer T, Asghar AB, Rasheed J, Shubair RM, Yahyaoui A. A Conceptual Multi-Layer Framework for the Detection of Nighttime Pedestrian in Autonomous Vehicles Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. Entropy (Basel) 2023; 25:135. [PMID: 36673276 PMCID: PMC9858197 DOI: 10.3390/e25010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The major challenge faced by autonomous vehicles today is driving through busy roads without getting into an accident, especially with a pedestrian. To avoid collision with pedestrians, the vehicle requires the ability to communicate with a pedestrian to understand their actions. The most challenging task in research on computer vision is to detect pedestrian activities, especially at nighttime. The Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS) has been developed for driving and parking support for vehicles to visualize sense, send and receive information from the environment but it lacks to detect nighttime pedestrian actions. This article proposes a framework based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) using Scale Invariant Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks (SIFRCNN) technologies to efficiently detect pedestrian operations through which the vehicle, as agents train themselves from the environment and are forced to maximize the reward. The SIFRCNN has reduced the running time of detecting pedestrian operations from road images by incorporating Region Proposal Network (RPN) computation. Furthermore, we have used Reinforcement Learning (RL) for optimizing the Q-values and training itself to maximize the reward after getting the state from the SIFRCNN. In addition, the latest incarnation of SIFRCNN achieves near-real-time object detection from road images. The proposed SIFRCNN has been tested on KAIST, City Person, and Caltech datasets. The experimental results show an average improvement of 2.3% miss rate of pedestrian detection at nighttime compared to the other CNN-based pedestrian detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
- Department of Computer Science, School of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Haris Khalid
- Department of Computer Science, School of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ansif Arooj
- Department of Information Sciences, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Umer
- Department of Computer Science, Lahore Campus, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Bilal Asghar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Jawad Rasheed
- Department of Software Engineering, Nisantasi University, Istanbul 34398, Turkey
| | - Raed M. Shubair
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York University (NYU), Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amani Yahyaoui
- Department of Software Engineering, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul 34303, Turkey
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Farooq MS, Riaz S, Tehseen R, Farooq U, Saleem K. Role of Internet of things in diabetes healthcare: Network infrastructure, taxonomy, challenges, and security model. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231179056. [PMID: 37312944 PMCID: PMC10259116 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231179056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Internet of things (IoT) is an emerging technology that enables ubiquitous devices to connect with the Internet. IoT technology has revolutionized the medical and healthcare industry by interconnecting smart devices and sensors. IoT-based devices and biosensors are ideal to detect diabetes disease by collecting the accurate value of glucose continuously. Diabetes is one of the well-known and major chronic diseases that has a worldwide social impact on community life. Blood glucose monitoring is a challenging task, and there is a need to propose a proper architecture of the noninvasive glucose sensing and monitoring mechanism, which could make diabetic people aware of self-management techniques. This survey presents a rigorous discussion of diabetes types and presents detection techniques based on IoT technology. In this research, an IoT-based healthcare network infrastructure has been proposed for monitoring diabetes disease based on big data analytics, cloud computing, and machine learning. The proposed infrastructure could handle the symptoms of diabetes, collect data, analyze it, and then transmit the results to the server for the next action. Besides, presented an inclusive survey on IoT-based diabetes monitoring applications, services, and proposed solutions. Furthermore, based on IoT technology the diabetes disease management taxonomy has also been presented. Finally, presented the attacks taxonomy as well as discussed challenges, and proposed a lightweight security model in order to secure the patient's health data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shamyla Riaz
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Tehseen
- Department of computer science, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Farooq
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Saleem
- Department of Computer Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Farooq Z, Nouman Riaz M, Farooq MS, Li Y, Wang H, Ahmad M, Tu J, Ma C, Dai C, Wen J, Shen J, Fu T, Yang S, Wang B, Yi B. Induction of Male Sterility by Targeted Mutation of a Restorer-of-Fertility Gene with CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Genome Editing in Brassica napus L. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:3501. [PMID: 36559613 PMCID: PMC9785856 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Brassica napus L. (canola, oil seed rape) is one of the world's most important oil seed crops. In the last four decades, the discovery of cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS) systems and the restoration of fertility (Rf) genes in B. napus has improved the crop traits by heterosis. The homologs of Rf genes, known as the restoration of fertility-like (RFL) genes, have also gained importance because of their similarities with Rf genes. Such as a high non-synonymous/synonymous codon replacement ratio (dN/dS), autonomous gene duplications, and a possible engrossment in fertility restoration. B. napus contains 53 RFL genes on chromosomes A9 and C8. Our research aims to study the function of BnaRFL11 in fertility restoration using the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technique. A total of 88/108 (81.48%) T0 lines, and for T1, 110/145 (75%) lines carried T-DNA insertions. Stable mutations were detected in the T0 and T1 generations, with an average allelic mutation transmission rate of 81%. We used CRISPR-P software to detect off-target 50 plants sequenced from the T0 generation that showed no off-target mutation, signifying that if the designed sgRNA is specific for the target, the off-target effects are negligible. We also concluded that the mutagenic competence of the designed sgRNAs mediated by U6-26 and U6-29 ranged widely from 31% to 96%. The phenotypic analysis of bnarfl11 revealed defects in the floral structure, leaf size, branch number, and seed production. We discovered a significant difference between the sterile line and fertile line flower development after using a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. The pollen visibility test showed that the pollen grain had utterly degenerated. The cytological observations of homozygous mutant plants showed an anther abortion stage similar to nap-CMS, with a Orf222, Orf139, Ap3, and nad5c gene upregulation. The bnarfl11 shows vegetative defects, including fewer branches and a reduced leaf size, suggesting that PPR-encoding genes are essential for the plants' vegetative and reproductive growth. Our results demonstrated that BnaRFL11 has a possible role in fertility restoration. The current study's findings suggest that CRISPR/Cas9 mutations may divulge the functions of genes in polyploid species and provide agronomically desirable traits through a targeted mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunaira Farooq
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Soybean Research Institute, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General Ministry of Agriculture), Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Muhammad Nouman Riaz
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yifan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huadong Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mayra Ahmad
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinxing Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chaozhi Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Cheng Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jing Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinxiong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tingdong Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shouping Yang
- Soybean Research Institute, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General Ministry of Agriculture), Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Benqi Wang
- Wuhan Vegetable Research Institute, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Bin Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Rapeseed Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Farooq MS, Suhail M, Qureshi JN, Rustam F, de la Torre Díez I, Mazón JLV, Rodríguez CL, Ashraf I. Consortium Framework Using Blockchain for Asthma Healthcare in Pandemics. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:8582. [PMID: 36366280 PMCID: PMC9655069 DOI: 10.3390/s22218582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a deadly disease that affects the lungs and air supply of the human body. Coronavirus and its variants also affect the airways of the lungs. Asthma patients approach hospitals mostly in a critical condition and require emergency treatment, which creates a burden on health institutions during pandemics. The similar symptoms of asthma and coronavirus create confusion for health workers during patient handling and treatment of disease. The unavailability of patient history to physicians causes complications in proper diagnostics and treatments. Many asthma patient deaths have been reported especially during pandemics, which necessitates an efficient framework for asthma patients. In this article, we have proposed a blockchain consortium healthcare framework for asthma patients. The proposed framework helps in managing asthma healthcare units, coronavirus patient records and vaccination centers, insurance companies, and government agencies, which are connected through the secure blockchain network. The proposed framework increases data security and scalability as it stores encrypted patient data on the Interplanetary File System (IPFS) and keeps data hash values on the blockchain. The patient data are traceable and accessible to physicians and stakeholders, which helps in accurate diagnostics, timely treatment, and the management of patients. The smart contract ensures the execution of all business rules. The patient profile generation mechanism is also discussed. The experiment results revealed that the proposed framework has better transaction throughput, query delay, and security than existing solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Suhail
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | | | - Furqan Rustam
- School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Isabel de la Torre Díez
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematic Engineering, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 15, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Vidal Mazón
- Higher Polytechnic School, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Arecibo, PR 00613, USA
- Project Department, Universidade Internacional do Cuanza, Cuito P.O. Box 841, Bié, Angola
| | - Carmen Lili Rodríguez
- Higher Polytechnic School, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche 24560, Mexico
| | - Imran Ashraf
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
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Ishaq M, Abid A, Farooq MS, Manzoor MF, Farooq U, Abid K, Helou MA. Advances in database systems education: Methods, tools, curricula, and way forward. Educ Inf Technol (Dordr) 2022; 28:2681-2725. [PMID: 36061104 PMCID: PMC9427438 DOI: 10.1007/s10639-022-11293-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fundamentals of Database Systems is a core course in computing disciplines as almost all small, medium, large, or enterprise systems essentially require data storage component. Database System Education (DSE) provides the foundation as well as advanced concepts in the area of data modeling and its implementation. The first course in DSE holds a pivotal role in developing students' interest in this area. Over the years, the researchers have devised several different tools and methods to teach this course effectively, and have also been revisiting the curricula for database systems education. In this study a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) is presented that distills the existing literature pertaining to the DSE to discuss these three perspectives for the first course in database systems. Whereby, this SLR also discusses how the developed teaching and learning assistant tools, teaching and assessment methods and database curricula have evolved over the years due to rapid change in database technology. To this end, more than 65 articles related to DSE published between 1995 and 2022 have been shortlisted through a structured mechanism and have been reviewed to find the answers of the aforementioned objectives. The article also provides useful guidelines to the instructors, and discusses ideas to extend this research from several perspectives. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first research work that presents a broader review about the research conducted in the area of DSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ishaq
- Department of Computer Science, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Abid
- Department of Computer Science, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faraz Manzoor
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Computer Science, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Farooq
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kamran Abid
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mamoun Abu Helou
- Faculty of Information Technology, Al Istiqlal University, Jericho, Palestine
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Farooq MS, Nadir RM, Rustam F, Hur S, Park Y, Ashraf I. Nested Bee Hive: A Conceptual Multilayer Architecture for 6G in Futuristic Sustainable Smart Cities. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:s22165950. [PMID: 36015707 PMCID: PMC9414619 DOI: 10.3390/s22165950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Several smart city ideas are introduced to manage various problems caused by overpopulation, but the futuristic smart city is a concept based on dense and artificial-intelligence-centric cities. Thus, massive device connectivity with huge data traffic is expected in the future where communication networks are expected to provide ubiquity, high quality of service, and on-demand content for a large number of interconnected devices. The sixth-generation (6G) network is considered the problem-solving network of futuristic cities, with huge bandwidth and low latency. The expected 6G of the radio access network is based on terahertz (THz) waves with the capability of carrying up to one terabit per second (Tbps). THz waves have the capability of carrying a large amount of data but these waves have several drawbacks, such as short-range and atmospheric attenuation. Hence, these problems can introduce complications and hamper the performance of the 6G network. This study envisions futuristic smart cities using 6G and proposes a conceptual terrestrial network (TN) architecture for 6G. The nested Bee Hive is a scalable multilayer architecture designed to meet the needs of futuristic smart cities. Moreover, we designed the multilayer network infrastructure while considering the expectations from a network of futuristic smart cities and the complications of THz waves. Extensive simulations are performed using different pathfinding algorithms in the 3D multilayer domain to evaluate the performance of the proposed architecture and set the dynamics of futuristic communication of 6G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Nadir
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Furqan Rustam
- Department of Software Engineering, School of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Soojung Hur
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Korea
| | - Yongwan Park
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Imran Ashraf
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.P.); (I.A.)
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Farooq MS, Ahmed M, Emran M. A Survey on Blockchain Acquainted Software Requirements Engineering: Model, Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions. IEEE Access 2022; 10:48193-48228. [DOI: 10.1109/access.2022.3171408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mishaal Ahmed
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Emran
- Department of Computer Science, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Janjua MH, Iftikhar S, Sarwar MZ, Farooq MS, Naqi SA. Horner syndrome-A rare complication after thyroidectomy for benign thyroid swelling. Niger J Clin Pract 2021; 24:1852-1854. [PMID: 34889796 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_419_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Horner syndrome occurring after thyroidectomy is a rare entity and most of the reported cases have happened after surgeries on malignant thyroid swellings. In the present report, we describe a 27-year-old female who developed ptosis, miosis, enophthalmos, and anhidrosis on the second post-operative day after thyroidectomy for benign goiter. Post-operative ultrasound, computed tomography of neck, nerve conduction study, and electromyography of brachial plexus were unremarkable. Patient was kept on conservative management. She was given short course of Prednisolone orally for 2 weeks and was discharged on 150 mcg thyroxine. She had significant improvement in ptosis, miosis, and enophthalmos after six months. Horner syndrome is a rare but an important complication after thyroidectomy which may lead to cosmetic disfigurement. Surgeons should be well aware of this possibility and its presentation for timely recognition and management postoperatively. Early intervention should be done for any reversible cause, i.e., hematoma and oral steroids should be initiated as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Janjua
- Department of Surgery, East Surgical Ward, Mayo Hospital, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Iftikhar
- Department of Surgery, East Surgical Ward, Mayo Hospital, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Z Sarwar
- Department of Surgery, East Surgical Ward, Mayo Hospital, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M S Farooq
- Department of Surgery, East Surgical Ward, Mayo Hospital, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S A Naqi
- Department of Surgery, East Surgical Ward, Mayo Hospital, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
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Abstract
The introductory programming course (IPC) holds a special significance in computing disciplines as this course serves as a prerequisite for studying the higher level courses. Students generally face difficulties during their initial stages of learning how to program. Continuous efforts are being made to examine this course for identifying potential improvements. This article presents the review of the state-of-the-art research exploring various components of IPC by examining sixty-six articles published between 2014 and 2020 in well-reputed research venues. The results reveal that several useful methods have been proposed to support teaching and learning in IPC. Moreover, the research in IPC presented useful ways to conduct assessments, and also demonstrated different techniques to examine improvements in the IPC contents. In addition, a variety of tools are evaluated to support the related course processes. Apart from the aforementioned facets, this research explores other interesting dimensions of IPC, such as collaborative learning, cognitive assessments, and performance predictions. In addition to reviewing the recent advancements in IPC, this study proposes a new taxonomy of IPC research dimensions. Furthermore, based on the successful practices that are listed in the literature, some useful guidelines and advices for instructors have also been reported in this article. Lastly, this review presents some pertinent open research issues to highlight the future dimensions for IPC researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Omer
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
- Department of Information Sciences, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Abid
- Department of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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Tehseen R, Farooq MS, Abid A. A framework for the prediction of earthquake using federated learning. PeerJ Comput Sci 2021; 7:e540. [PMID: 34141879 PMCID: PMC8176529 DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Earthquakes are a natural phenomenon which may cause significant loss of life and infrastructure. Researchers have applied multiple artificial intelligence based techniques to predict earthquakes, but high accuracies could not be achieved due to the huge size of multidimensional data, communication delays, transmission latency, limited processing capacity and data privacy issues. Federated learning (FL) is a machine learning (ML) technique that provides an opportunity to collect and process data onsite without compromising on data privacy and preventing data transmission to the central server. The federated concept of obtaining a global data model by aggregation of local data models inherently ensures data security, data privacy, and data heterogeneity. In this article, a novel earthquake prediction framework using FL has been proposed. The proposed FL framework has given better performance over already developed ML based earthquake predicting models in terms of efficiency, reliability, and precision. We have analyzed three different local datasets to generate multiple ML based local data models. These local data models have been aggregated to generate global data model on the central FL server using FedQuake algorithm. Meta classifier has been trained at the FL server on global data model to generate more accurate earthquake predictions. We have tested the proposed framework by analyzing multidimensional seismic data within 100 km radial area from 34.708° N, 72.5478° E in Western Himalayas. The results of the proposed framework have been validated against instrumentally recorded regional seismic data of last thirty-five years, and 88.87% prediction accuracy has been recorded. These results obtained by the proposed framework can serve as a useful component in the development of earthquake early warning systems.
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Farooq MS, Salam M. Cleaner production practices at company level enhance the desire of employees to have a significant positive impact on society through work. J Clean Prod 2021; 283:124605. [PMID: 33071478 PMCID: PMC7552993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Implementation of cleaner production practices (CPP), service quality (SQ) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) is often studied at organizational level. A number of studies on trio have reported it's significant impact on overall organizational performance and profitability across the globe. However, not much is studied about the individual level micro influence of these constructs on employee engagement (EE), organizational pride (OP), organizational identification (OI) and "desire to have a significant impact through work" (DSIW). Therefore, this study presents a comprehensive framework for assessing the impact of the implementation of CPP, SQ and CSR on EE, OP, OI and DSIW. Data collected from 320 non-managerial staff members employed at a garments manufacturing company in Pakistan was analyzed using partial least square (PLS) approach. Findings revealed that the implementation of CPP, SQ and CSR plays an important role in shaping EE, OP, OI and DSIW in the garments manufacturing industry. Further, it is found that the implementation of CPP has a non-significant impact on SQ. Additionally, results of the importance-performance map analysis (IPMA) have also confirmed that the implementation of CPP at company level has shown a highest importance and performance amongst all the latent constructs proposed as predictors of DSIW in the garments manufacturing industry. These findings are a step forward and unique contribution of this study in the domain of CPP, SQ, CSR, EE, OP, OI and DSIW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
- Institute of Business and Management, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maimoona Salam
- Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
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Rehman SUR, Shahzad M, Farooq MS, Javaid MU. Impact of leadership behavior of a project manager on his/her subordinate's job-attitudes and job-outcomes. Asia Pacific Management Review 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmrv.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Salam M, Awang Iskandar DN, Ibrahim DHA, Farooq MS. Technology integration in service-learning pedagogy: A holistic framework. Telematics and Informatics 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Ali Y, Farooq A, Alam TM, Farooq MS, Awan MJ, Baig TI. Detection of Schistosomiasis Factors Using Association Rule Mining. IEEE Access 2019; 7:186108-186114. [DOI: 10.1109/access.2019.2956020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Farooq MS. Modelling the significance of social support and entrepreneurial skills for determining entrepreneurial behaviour of individuals. WJEMSD 2018. [DOI: 10.1108/wjemsd-12-2017-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
Although entrepreneurial behaviour is considered a key element for economic development, yet very less is known about the determinants of factors leading towards entrepreneurial intention and behaviour. In order to bridge this gap, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of social support and entrepreneurial skills in determining entrepreneurial behaviour of individuals. Developing on the base of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), this study investigates the relationship between social support, entrepreneurial skills and entrepreneurial behaviour along with existing constructs of the TPB (i.e. attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and entrepreneurial intention).
Design/methodology/approach
Data was collected from 281 respondents using a simple random sampling method, and the variance-based partial least-squares, structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach was used for testing the proposed conceptual model.
Findings
Findings of this study have validated the proposed model, which have an explanatory power of 68.3 per cent. Moreover, findings reveal that social support and entrepreneurial skills have a significant impact on entrepreneurial intention of individuals. However, an unanticipated and non-significant relation between subjective norms and entrepreneurial intention is also found.
Research limitations/implications
Due to the limited scope of this study, a multi-group analysis is not possible, which is considered as a limitation of this study. Moreover, due to time constraints, this study is conducted within a specified time-frame; however, a longitudinal study over a period of three to six years can overcome this limitation.
Practical implications
Findings of this study are expected to have substantial implications for policy makers, future researchers and academicians. Outcomes of this study can help to better understand the cognitive phenomenon of nascent entrepreneurs. Moreover, it is expected that this study can serve as a torch-bearer for policy makers to develop better entrepreneurial development programmes, policies and initiatives for promoting self-employment behaviour.
Originality/value
Findings of this study are a unique step forward and offer new insights towards a better understanding of the determinants of entrepreneurial behaviour. Moreover, this study extends Ajzen’s (1991) TPB in the context of entrepreneurial behaviour. By introducing and investigating the impact of two new variables, i.e. social support and entrepreneurial skills in the TPB and by validating the proposed model with PLS-SEM approach, this study makes a sizeable theoretical, methodological and contextual contribution in the overall body of knowledge.
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Farooq MZ, Waqar W, Mustaqeem M, Farooq MS, Khan JA, Hassan M. Assessing Attitudes and Perceptions of Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients towards Inhaler Therapy in a Low Income Country: A Cross Sectional Study. Mymensingh Med J 2016; 25:767-771. [PMID: 27941744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A patient's perception, about his or her medicine, may have an impact on adherence to medications. The purpose was to assess the attitudes and perceptions, regarding inhaler therapy use, among patients with obstructive pulmonary disease in Pakistan, a developing country. With a questionnaire developing this cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine's outpatient clinic at Civil Hospital, Karachi from October 2013 to January 2014. We used SPSS version 19 for data entry. The number of patients included in the study was 202. Fifty eight percent (58%) of the patients concurred that they were not compliant with the usage of inhalers and frequently missed their doses. Thirty three percent (33%) patients had the misconception that inhalers are prescribed for severe diseases only. Almost forty percent (40%) patients said that they would prefer oral medicines over inhalers for the management of their lung diseases. Sixteen percent (16%) of the patients had problems using their inhalers. Twenty six percent (26%) of the patients believed that inhalers have side effects. Thirty eight percent (38%) of the patients believed inhalers are addictive. Misconceptions regarding inhalers and its usage in asthma and COPD patients are common in Pakistan. These misconceptions not only lead to poor compliance with medications prescribed but also to frequent visits to hospitals. There is a need to educate patients in the country regarding inhalers in order to improve not only their symptoms, but also to improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Z Farooq
- Dr Muhammad Zain Farooq, Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Post-thyroidectomy bleeding is a low frequency but potentially life threatening event that is very difficult to predict. Given the increasing drive towards thyroidectomy with same day discharge, this study was conducted with the aim of identifying patterns, timing and consequences of post-thyroidectomy bleeding to assess the feasibility of day-case thyroidectomy. METHODS All patients who underwent a thyroidectomy between 2008 and 2015 at our institution were identified. Patterns, timing and consequences in all those who developed post-thyroidectomy bleeding were studied. RESULTS Of the 805 patients included in the study, 14 required re-exploration for bleeding; 7 (50%) of these within 8 hours of surgery, 6 (43%) between 18 and 30 hours, and 1 (7%) at 49 hours. Just under half (43%) of those with post-thyroidectomy bleeding had thyrotoxicosis. CONCLUSIONS A significant number of postoperative haemorrhages occurred beyond the immediate postoperative period. Same day discharge after thyroidectomy cannot therefore be recommended as a routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Farooq
- Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust , UK
| | - R Nouraei
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , UK
| | - H Kaddour
- Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust , UK
| | - M Saharay
- Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust , UK
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Abid A, Hussain N, Abid K, Ahmad F, Farooq MS, Farooq U, Khan SA, Khan YD, Naeem MA, Sabir N. A survey on search results diversification techniques. Neural Comput Appl 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00521-015-1945-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zahur AB, Ullah A, Hussain M, Irshad H, Hameed A, Jahangir M, Farooq MS. Sero-epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in Pakistan. Prev Vet Med 2011; 102:87-92. [PMID: 21788090 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Revised: 06/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A sero survey was conducted during 2005-2006 to estimate the sero prevalence of PPR in the small ruminant population of Pakistan. A total of 2798 samples were collected including goats (1979) and sheep (819) from villages in 27 randomly selected districts. These were tested by cELISA for PPRV and true prevalence estimates were calculated by Rogan and Gladen estimator. Overall, 1273 (45.5%) were found positive; 980 (49.5%) of 1979 samples from goats and 293 (35.8%) of 819 serum samples from sheep were positive. The true sero-prevalence of PPR was estimated to be 48.5% (95% CI, 46.6-50.3), and 52.9% (95% CI, 50.7-55.1) and 37.7 (95% CI, 34.4-41.0) for goats and sheep, respectively. PPR virus is widely distributed all across Pakistan and has become an endemic infection of small ruminants. Since it is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in small ruminants, it poses a serious threat to food security and the rural economy in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Zahur
- National Agricultural Research Centre, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
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