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Walter N, Doppelbauer M, Schaller S, Liu X, Thomas R, Wright S, Sartakov BG, Meijer G. Triplet Rydberg States of Aluminum Monofluoride. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:2752-2762. [PMID: 38551124 PMCID: PMC11017311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum monofluoride (AlF) is a suitable molecule for laser cooling and trapping. Such experiments require extensive spectroscopic characterization of the electronic structure. Two of the theoretically predicted higher-lying triplet states of AlF, the counterparts of the well-characterized D1Δ and E1Π states, had not been experimentally identified yet. We here report on the characterization of the d3Π (v = 0-6) and e3Δ (v = 0-2) states, confirming the predicted energetic ordering of these states (J. Chem. Phys. 1988, 88, 5715-5725), as well as of the f3Σ+ (v = 0-2) state. The transition intensity of the d3Π, v = 3 - a3Π, v = 3 band is negligibly small. This band gets its weak, unexpected rotational structure via intensity borrowing from the nearby e3Δ, v = 2 - a3Π, v = 3 band, made possible via spin-orbit and spin-rotation interaction between the d3Π and e3Δ states. This interaction affects the equilibrium rotational constants in both states; their deperturbed values yield equilibrium internuclear distances that are consistent with the observations. We determined the ionization potential of AlF to be 78,492(1) cm-1 by ionization from the d3Π state.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Walter
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Doppelbauer
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Schaller
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - X. Liu
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - R. Thomas
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Wright
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - B. G. Sartakov
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - G. Meijer
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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Sajic T, Ferreira Gomes CK, Gasser M, Caputo T, Bararpour N, Landaluce-Iturriria E, Augsburger M, Walter N, Hainard A, Lopez-Mejia IC, Fracasso T, Thomas A, Gilardi F. SMYD3: a new regulator of adipocyte precursor proliferation at the early steps of differentiation. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:557-566. [PMID: 38148333 PMCID: PMC10978492 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01450-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In obesity, adipose tissue undergoes a remodeling process characterized by increased adipocyte size (hypertrophia) and number (hyperplasia). The ability to tip the balance toward the hyperplastic growth, with recruitment of new fat cells through adipogenesis, seems to be critical for a healthy adipose tissue expansion, as opposed to a hypertrophic growth that is accompanied by the development of inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the fine-tuned regulation of adipose tissue expansion are far from being understood. METHODS We analyzed by mass spectrometry-based proteomics visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT) samples collected from C57BL6 mice fed with a HFD for 8 weeks. A subset of these mice, called low inflammation (Low-INFL), showed reduced adipose tissue inflammation, as opposed to those developing the expected inflammatory response (Hi-INFL). We identified the discriminants between Low-INFL and Hi-INFL vWAT samples and explored their function in Adipose-Derived human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AD-hMSCs) differentiated to adipocytes. RESULTS vWAT proteomics allowed us to quantify 6051 proteins. Among the candidates that most differentiate Low-INFL from Hi-INFL vWAT, we found proteins involved in adipocyte function, including adiponectin and hormone sensitive lipase, suggesting that adipocyte differentiation is enhanced in Low-INFL, as compared to Hi-INFL. The chromatin modifier SET and MYND Domain Containing 3 (SMYD3), whose function in adipose tissue was so far unknown, was another top-scored hit. SMYD3 expression was significantly higher in Low-INFL vWAT, as confirmed by western blot analysis. Using AD-hMSCs in culture, we found that SMYD3 mRNA and protein levels decrease rapidly during the adipocyte differentiation. Moreover, SMYD3 knock-down before adipocyte differentiation resulted in reduced H3K4me3 and decreased cell proliferation, thus limiting the number of cells available for adipogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Our study describes an important role of SMYD3 as a newly discovered regulator of adipocyte precursor proliferation during the early steps of adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Sajic
- Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne and Geneva University Hospitals, Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Marie Gasser
- Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne and Geneva University Hospitals, Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tiziana Caputo
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nasim Bararpour
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Marc Augsburger
- Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne and Geneva University Hospitals, Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Walter
- Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Hainard
- Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Tony Fracasso
- Unit of Forensic Medicine, CURML, Lausanne and Geneva University Hospitals, Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Thomas
- Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne and Geneva University Hospitals, Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Federica Gilardi
- Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne and Geneva University Hospitals, Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Faculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Walter N, Seifert J, Truppe S, Schewe HC, Sartakov BG, Meijer G. Spectroscopic characterization of singlet–triplet doorway states of aluminum monofluoride. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:184301. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0088288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum monofluoride (AlF) possesses highly favorable properties for laser cooling, both via the A1Π and a3Π states. Determining efficient pathways between the singlet and the triplet manifold of electronic states will be advantageous for future experiments at ultralow temperatures. The lowest rotational levels of the A1Π, v = 6 and b3Σ+, v = 5 states of AlF are nearly iso-energetic and interact via spin–orbit coupling. These levels thus have a strongly mixed spin-character and provide a singlet–triplet doorway. We here present a hyperfine resolved spectroscopic study of the A1Π, v = 6//b3Σ+, v = 5 perturbed system in a jet-cooled, pulsed molecular beam. From a fit to the observed energies of the hyperfine levels, the fine and hyperfine structure parameters of the coupled states and their relative energies as well as the spin–orbit interaction parameter are determined. The standard deviation of the fit is about 15 MHz. We experimentally determine the radiative lifetimes of selected hyperfine levels by time-delayed ionization, Lamb dip spectroscopy, and accurate measurements of the transition lineshapes. The measured lifetimes range between 2 and 200 ns, determined by the degree of singlet–triplet mixing for each level.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Walter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Seifert
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Truppe
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - H. C. Schewe
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - B. G. Sartakov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilovstreet 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - G. Meijer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Walter N, Doppelbauer M, Marx S, Seifert J, Liu X, Pérez-Ríos J, Sartakov BG, Truppe S, Meijer G. Spectroscopic characterization of the a 3Π state of aluminum monofluoride. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:124306. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0082601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Spectroscopic studies of aluminum monofluoride (AlF) have revealed its highly favorable properties for direct laser cooling. All Q lines of the strong A1Π ← X1Σ+ transition around 227 nm are rotationally closed and thereby suitable for the main cooling cycle. The same holds for the narrow, spin-forbidden a3Π ← X1Σ+ transition around 367 nm, which has a recoil limit in the µK range. We here report on the spectroscopic characterization of the lowest rotational levels in the a3Π state of AlF for v = 0–8 using a jet-cooled, pulsed molecular beam. An accidental AC Stark shift is observed on the a3Π0, v = 4 ← X1Σ+, v = 4 band. By using time-delayed ionization for state-selective detection of the molecules in the metastable a3Π state at different points along the molecular beam, the radiative lifetime of the a3Π1, v = 0, J = 1 level is experimentally determined as τ = 1.89 ± 0.15 ms. A laser/radio frequency multiple resonance ionization scheme is employed to determine the hyperfine splittings in the a3Π1, v = 5 level. The experimentally derived hyperfine parameters are compared to the outcome of quantum chemistry calculations. A spectral line with a width of 1.27 kHz is recorded between hyperfine levels in the a3Π, v = 0 state. These measurements benchmark the electronic potential of the a3Π state and yield accurate values for the photon scattering rate and for the elements of the Franck–Condon matrix of the a3Π–X1Σ+ system.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Walter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Doppelbauer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Marx
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Seifert
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - X. Liu
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Pérez-Ríos
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - B. G. Sartakov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilovstreet 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - S. Truppe
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - G. Meijer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Mannala GK, Rupp M, Walter N, Brunotte M, Alagboso F, Docheva D, Brochhausen C, Alt V. Microbiological and ultrastructural evaluation of bacteriophage 191219 against planktonic, intracellular and biofilm infection with Staphylococcus aureus. Eur Cell Mater 2022; 43:66-78. [PMID: 35201606 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v043a07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections of orthopaedic implants, such as fracture fixation devices and total-joint prostheses, are devastating complications. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a predominant pathogen causing orthopaedic-implant biofilm infections that can also internalise and persist in osteoblasts, thus resisting antibiotic therapy. Bacteriophages are a promising alternative treatment approach. However, data on the activity of bacteriophages against S. aureus, especially during intracellular growth, and against in vivo biofilm formation on metals are scarce. Therefore, the present study evaluated the in vitro efficacy of S. aureus bacteriophage 191219, alone as well as in combination with gentamicin and rifampicin, to eradicate S. aureus strains in their planktonic stage, during biofilm formation and after internalisation into osteoblasts. Further, the invertebrate model organism Galleria mellonella was used to assess the activity of the bacteriophage against S. aureus biofilm on metal implants with and without antibiotics. Results demonstrated the in vitro efficacy of bacteriophage 191219 against planktonic S. aureus. The phage was also effective against in vitro S. aureus biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner and against S. aureus internalised in an osteoblastic cell line. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed bacteriophages on S. aureus inside the osteoblasts, with the destruction of the intracellular bacteria and formation of new bacteriophages. For the Galleria mellonella infection model, single administration of phage 191219 failed to show an improvement in survival rate but appeared to show a not statistically significant enhanced effect with gentamicin or rifampicin. In summary, bacteriophages could be a potential adjuvant treatment strategy for patients with implant-associated biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - V Alt
- Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg,
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Doppelbauer M, Walter N, Hofsäss S, Marx S, Schewe HC, Kray S, Pérez-Ríos J, Sartakov BG, Truppe S, Meijer G. Characterisation of the b3Σ+, v = 0 state and its interaction with the A1Π state in aluminium monofluoride. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1810351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Doppelbauer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - N. Walter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Hofsäss
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Marx
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - H. C. Schewe
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Kray
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Pérez-Ríos
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - B. G. Sartakov
- General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S. Truppe
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - G. Meijer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
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Schvartz D, González-Ruiz V, Walter N, Antinori P, Jeanneret F, Tonoli D, Boccard J, Zurich MG, Rudaz S, Monnet-Tschudi F, Sandström J, Sanchez JC. Protein pathway analysis to study development-dependent effects of acute and repeated trimethyltin (TMT) treatments in 3D rat brain cell cultures. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 60:281-292. [PMID: 31176792 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Trimethyltin is an organometallic compound, described to be neurotoxic and to trigger neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Previous studies associated TMT with the perturbation of mitochondrial function, or neurotransmission. However, the mechanisms of toxicity may differ depending on the duration of exposure and on the stage of maturation of brain cells. This study aim at elucidating whether the toxicity pathways triggered by a known neurotoxicant (TMT) differs depending on cell maturation stage or duration of exposure. To this end omics profiling of immature and differentiated 3D rat brain cell cultures exposed for 24 h or 10 days (10-d) to 0.5 and 1 μM of TMT was performed to better understand the underlying mechanisms of TMT associated toxicity. Proteomics identified 55 and 17 proteins affected by acute TMT treatment in immature and differentiated cultures respectively, while 10-day treatment altered 96 proteins in immature cultures versus 353 in differentiated. The results suggest different sensitivity to TMT depending on treatment duration and cell maturation. In accordance with known TMT mechanisms oxidative stress and neuroinflammation was observed after 10-d treatment at both maturation stages, whereas the neuroinflammatory process was more prominent in differentiated cultures than in the immature, no development-dependent difference could be detected for oxidative stress or synaptic neurodegeneration. Pathway analysis revealed that both vesicular trafficking and the synaptic machinery were strongly affected by 10-d TMT treatment in both maturation stages, as was GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission. This study shows that omics approaches combined with pathway analysis constitutes an improved tool-set in elucidating toxicity mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domitille Schvartz
- Translational Biomarker Group, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland
| | - Víctor González-Ruiz
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland; Analytical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universities of Geneva and Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Walter
- Translational Biomarker Group, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland
| | - Paola Antinori
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland; Neuroproteomics group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Jeanneret
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland; Analytical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universities of Geneva and Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - David Tonoli
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland; Analytical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universities of Geneva and Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julien Boccard
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland; Analytical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universities of Geneva and Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Gabrielle Zurich
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland; Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Serge Rudaz
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland; Analytical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universities of Geneva and Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Florianne Monnet-Tschudi
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland; Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jenny Sandström
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland; Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Charles Sanchez
- Translational Biomarker Group, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland.
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Rocha S, Carvalho J, Oliveira P, Voglstaetter M, Schvartz D, Thomsen AR, Walter N, Khanduri R, Sanchez J, Keller A, Oliveira C, Nazarenko I. 3D Cellular Architecture Affects MicroRNA and Protein Cargo of Extracellular Vesicles. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2019; 6:1800948. [PMID: 30828519 PMCID: PMC6382357 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The success of malignant tumors is conditioned by the intercellular communication between tumor cells and their microenvironment, with extracellular vesicles (EVs) acting as main mediators. While the value of 3D conditions to study tumor cells is well established, the impact of cellular architecture on EV content and function is not investigated yet. Here, a recently developed 3D cell culture microwell array is adapted for EV production and a comprehensive comparative analysis of biochemical features, RNA and proteomic profiles of EVs secreted by 2D vs 3D cultures of gastric cancer cells, is performed. 3D cultures are significantly more efficient in producing EVs than 2D cultures. Global upregulation of microRNAs and downregulation of proteins in 3D are observed, indicating their dynamic coregulation in response to cellular architecture, with the ADP-ribosylation factor 6 signaling pathway significantly downregulated in 3D EVs. The data strengthen the biological relevance of cellular architecture for production and cargo of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rocha
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen 2084200‐135PortoPortugal
- Ipatimup—Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyUniversity of PortoRua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 454200‐135PortoPortugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel SalazarUniversidade do PortoR. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 2284050‐313PortoPortugal
| | - Joana Carvalho
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen 2084200‐135PortoPortugal
- Ipatimup—Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyUniversity of PortoRua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 454200‐135PortoPortugal
| | - Patrícia Oliveira
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen 2084200‐135PortoPortugal
- Ipatimup—Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyUniversity of PortoRua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 454200‐135PortoPortugal
| | - Maren Voglstaetter
- Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital EpidemiologyMedical Center—University of FreiburgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgBreisacherstr. 115b79106FreiburgGermany
| | - Domitille Schvartz
- Department of Human Protein SciencesCentre Médical UniversitaireRue Michel‐Servet 1CH1211GenevaSwitzerland
| | - Andreas R. Thomsen
- Department of Radiation OncologyMedical Center—University of FreiburgHugstaetterstr 55Freiburg79106Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)Im Neuenheimer Feld 28069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Nadia Walter
- Department of Human Protein SciencesCentre Médical UniversitaireRue Michel‐Servet 1CH1211GenevaSwitzerland
| | - Richa Khanduri
- Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital EpidemiologyMedical Center—University of FreiburgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgBreisacherstr. 115b79106FreiburgGermany
| | - Jean‐Charles Sanchez
- Department of Human Protein SciencesCentre Médical UniversitaireRue Michel‐Servet 1CH1211GenevaSwitzerland
| | - Andreas Keller
- Clinical BioinformaticsUniversity HospitalSaarland UniversityKirrberger Straße, Building E2.166123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Carla Oliveira
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen 2084200‐135PortoPortugal
- Ipatimup—Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyUniversity of PortoRua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 454200‐135PortoPortugal
- Department Pathology and OncologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of PortoAlameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro4200‐319PortoPortugal
| | - Irina Nazarenko
- Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital EpidemiologyMedical Center—University of FreiburgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgBreisacherstr. 115b79106FreiburgGermany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)Im Neuenheimer Feld 28069120HeidelbergGermany
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9
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Allard L, Turck N, Burkhard PR, Walter N, Rosell A, Gex-Fabry M, Hochstrasser DF, Montaner J, Sanchez JC. Ubiquitin Fusion Degradation Protein 1 as a Blood Marker for the Early Diagnosis of Ischemic Stroke. Biomark Insights 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/117727190700200033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Efficacy of thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke is strongly related to physician's ability to make an accurate diagnosis and to intervene within 3–6 h after event onset. In this context, the discovery and validation of very early blood markers have recently become an urgent, yet unmet, goal of stroke research. Ubiquitin fusion degradation protein 1 is increased in human postmortem CSF, a model of global brain insult, suggesting that its measurement in blood may prove useful as a biomarker of stroke. Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure UFD1 in plasma and sera in three independent cohorts, European (Swiss and Spanish) and North-American retrospective analysis encompassing a total of 123 consecutive stroke and 90 control subjects. Results Highly significant increase of ubiquitin fusion degradation protein 1 (UFD1) was found in Swiss stroke patients with 71% sensitivity (95% CI, 52–85.8%), and 90% specificity (95% CI, 74.2–98%) ( N = 31, p < 0.0001). Significantly elevated concentration of this marker was then validated in Spanish ( N = 39, p < 0.0001, 95% sensitivity (95% CI, 82.7– 99.4%)), 76% specificity (95% CI, 56.5–89.7%)) and North-American stroke patients ( N = 53, 62% sensitivity (95% CI, 47.9–75.2%), 90% specificity (95% CI, 73.5–97.9%), p < 0.0001). Its concentration was increased within 3 h of stroke onset, on both the Swiss ( p < 0.0001) and Spanish ( p = 0.0004) cohorts. Conclusions UFD1 emerges as a reliable plasma biomarker for the early diagnosis of stroke, and in the future, might be used in conjunction with clinical assessments, neuroimaging and other blood markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Allard
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Medical University Center, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Natacha Turck
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Medical University Center, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Pierre R. Burkhard
- Neurology Department, Geneva University Hospital, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Walter
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Medical University Center, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Central Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Geneva University Hospital, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - Anna Rosell
- Neurovas-cular Research Laboratory, Stroke Unit, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marianne Gex-Fabry
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, CH-1225 Chêne-Bourg, Switzerland
| | - Denis F. Hochstrasser
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Medical University Center, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Central Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Geneva University Hospital, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
- Pharmacy Section, Faculty of Sciences, Geneva University
| | - Joan Montaner
- Neurovas-cular Research Laboratory, Stroke Unit, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean-Charles Sanchez
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Medical University Center, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Gaboyer F, Le Milbeau C, Bohmeier M, Schwendner P, Vannier P, Beblo-Vranesevic K, Rabbow E, Foucher F, Gautret P, Guégan R, Richard A, Sauldubois A, Richmann P, Perras AK, Moissl-Eichinger C, Cockell CS, Rettberg P, Marteinsson, Monaghan E, Ehrenfreund P, Garcia-Descalzo L, Gomez F, Malki M, Amils R, Cabezas P, Walter N, Westall F. Mineralization and Preservation of an extremotolerant Bacterium Isolated from an Early Mars Analog Environment. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8775. [PMID: 28821776 PMCID: PMC5562696 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08929-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The artificial mineralization of a polyresistant bacterial strain isolated from an acidic, oligotrophic lake was carried out to better understand microbial (i) early mineralization and (ii) potential for further fossilisation. Mineralization was conducted in mineral matrixes commonly found on Mars and Early-Earth, silica and gypsum, for 6 months. Samples were analyzed using microbiological (survival rates), morphological (electron microscopy), biochemical (GC-MS, Microarray immunoassay, Rock-Eval) and spectroscopic (EDX, FTIR, RAMAN spectroscopy) methods. We also investigated the impact of physiological status on mineralization and long-term fossilisation by exposing cells or not to Mars-related stresses (desiccation and radiation). Bacterial populations remained viable after 6 months although the kinetics of mineralization and cell-mineral interactions depended on the nature of minerals. Detection of biosignatures strongly depended on analytical methods, successful with FTIR and EDX but not with RAMAN and immunoassays. Neither influence of stress exposure, nor qualitative and quantitative changes of detected molecules were observed as a function of mineralization time and matrix. Rock-Eval analysis suggests that potential for preservation on geological times may be possible only with moderate diagenetic and metamorphic conditions. The implications of our results for microfossil preservation in the geological record of Earth as well as on Mars are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gaboyer
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, Orléans, France.
| | - C Le Milbeau
- Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans, UMR 7327, CNRS-Université d'Orléans, 1A Rue de la Férollerie, 45071, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - M Bohmeier
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Radiation Biology Department, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - P Schwendner
- UK Center for Astrobiology, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - P Vannier
- MATIS - Prokaria, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - K Beblo-Vranesevic
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Radiation Biology Department, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - E Rabbow
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Radiation Biology Department, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - F Foucher
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, Orléans, France
| | - P Gautret
- Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans, UMR 7327, CNRS-Université d'Orléans, 1A Rue de la Férollerie, 45071, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - R Guégan
- Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans, UMR 7327, CNRS-Université d'Orléans, 1A Rue de la Férollerie, 45071, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - A Richard
- Centre de Microscopie Electronique, Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - A Sauldubois
- Centre de Microscopie Electronique, Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - P Richmann
- Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans, UMR 7327, CNRS-Université d'Orléans, 1A Rue de la Férollerie, 45071, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - A K Perras
- University Regensburg, Department of Microbiology, Regensburg, Germany.,Medical University of Graz, Department of Internal Medicine, Graz, Austria
| | | | - C S Cockell
- UK Center for Astrobiology, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - P Rettberg
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Radiation Biology Department, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | | | - E Monaghan
- Leiden Observatory, Universiteit Leiden, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - P Ehrenfreund
- Leiden Observatory, Universiteit Leiden, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - L Garcia-Descalzo
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial - Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CAB), Madrid, Spain
| | - F Gomez
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial - Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CAB), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Malki
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - R Amils
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - P Cabezas
- European Science Foundation (ESF), Strasbourg, France
| | - N Walter
- European Science Foundation (ESF), Strasbourg, France
| | - F Westall
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, Orléans, France
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11
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Semitala FC, Chaisson LH, den Boon S, Walter N, Cattamanchi A, Awor M, Katende J, Huang L, Joloba M, Albert H, Kamya MR, Davis JL. Impact of mycobacterial culture among HIV-infected adults with presumed TB in Uganda: a prospective cohort study. Public Health Action 2015; 5:106-11. [PMID: 26400379 DOI: 10.5588/pha.14.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implementation of new tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic strategies in resource-constrained settings is challenging. We measured the impact of solid and liquid mycobacterial cultures on treatment practices for patients undergoing TB evaluation in Kampala, Uganda. METHODS We enrolled consecutive smear-negative, human immunodeficiency virus positive adults with cough of ⩾2 weeks from September 2009 to April 2010. Laboratory technicians performed mycobacterial cultures on solid and liquid media. We compared empiric treatment decisions with solid and liquid culture in terms of diagnostic yield and time to results, and assessed impact on patient management. RESULTS Of 200 patients enrolled, 26 (13%) had culture-confirmed TB: 22 (85%) on solid culture alone, 2 (8%) on liquid culture alone, and 2 (8%) on both solid and liquid culture. Thirty-four patients received empiric anti-tuberculosis treatment, but only 10 (29%) were culture-positive. Median time to a positive result on solid culture was 92 days (interquartile range [IQR] 69-148) compared to 106 days (IQR 66-157) for liquid culture. No patients initiated treatment following a positive result on liquid culture. CONCLUSION The introduction of mycobacterial culture did not influence care for patients undergoing evaluation for TB in Kampala, Uganda. Attention to contextual factors surrounding implementation is needed to ensure the effective introduction of new testing strategies in low-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- F C Semitala
- Department of Medicine, Mulago Hospital, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda ; Makerere University Joint AIDS Program, Kampala, Uganda
| | - L H Chaisson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - S den Boon
- Makerere University-University of California San Francisco Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - N Walter
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - A Cattamanchi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA ; Makerere University-University of California San Francisco Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda ; Curry International Tuberculosis Center, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - M Awor
- Makerere University-University of California San Francisco Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - J Katende
- Makerere University Joint AIDS Program, Kampala, Uganda
| | - L Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA ; HIV/AIDS Division, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - M Joloba
- Department of Microbiology, Makerere University School of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - H Albert
- Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics, Kampala, Uganda
| | - M R Kamya
- Department of Medicine, Mulago Hospital, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda ; Makerere University Joint AIDS Program, Kampala, Uganda
| | - J L Davis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA ; Makerere University-University of California San Francisco Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda ; Curry International Tuberculosis Center, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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12
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Sen D, Chapla A, Walter N, Daniel V, Srivastava A, Jayandharan GR. Nuclear factor (NF)-κB and its associated pathways are major molecular regulators of blood-induced joint damage in a murine model of hemophilia. J Thromb Haemost 2013; 11:293-306. [PMID: 23231432 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was designed to investigate the molecular signaling events from onset of bleeding through the development of arthropathy in a murine model of hemophilia A. METHODS AND RESULTS A sharp-injury model of hemarthrosis was used. A global gene expression array on joint-specific RNA isolated 3 h post-injury revealed nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) as the major transcription factor triggering inflammation. As a number of genes encoding the cytokines, growth factors and hypoxia regulating factors are known to be activated by NF-κB and many of these are part of the pathogenesis of various joint diseases, we reasoned that NF-κB-associated pathways may play a crucial role in blood-induced joint damage. To further understand its role, we screened NF-κB-associated pathways between 1 h to 90 days after injury. After a single articular bleed, distinct members of the NF-κB family (NF-κB1/NF-κB2/RelA/RelB) and their responsive pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β/IL-6/IFNγ/TNFα) were significantly up-regulated (> 2 fold, P < 0.05) in injured vs. control joints at the various time-points analyzed (1 h/3 h/7 h/24 h). After multiple bleeds (days 30/60/75/90), there was increased expression of NF-κB-associated factors that contribute to hypoxia (HIF-1α, 3.3-6.5 fold), angiogenesis (VEGF-α, 2.5-4.4 fold) and chondrocyte damage (matrix metalloproteinase-13, 2.8-3.8 fold) in the injured joints. Micro RNAs (miR) that are known to regulate NF-κB activation (miRs-9 and 155), inflammation (miRs-16, 155 and 182) and apoptosis (miRs-19a, 155 and 186) were also differentially expressed (-4 to +13-fold) after joint bleeding, indicating that the small RNAs could modulate the arthropathy phenotype. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that NF-κB-associated signaling pathways are involved in the development of hemophilic arthropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sen
- Department of Hematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Hitzemann R, Bottomly D, Darakjian P, Walter N, Iancu O, Searles R, Wilmot B, McWeeney S. Genes, behavior and next-generation RNA sequencing. Genes Brain Behav 2012. [PMID: 23194347 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Advances in next-generation sequencing suggest that RNA-Seq is poised to supplant microarray-based approaches for transcriptome analysis. This article briefly reviews the use of microarrays in the brain-behavior context and then illustrates why RNA-Seq is a superior strategy. Compared with microarrays, RNA-Seq has a greater dynamic range, detects both coding and noncoding RNAs, is superior for gene network construction, detects alternative spliced transcripts, detects allele specific expression and can be used to extract genotype information, e.g. nonsynonymous coding single nucleotide polymorphisms. Examples of where RNA-Seq has been used to assess brain gene expression are provided. Despite the advantages of RNA-Seq, some disadvantages remain. These include the high cost of RNA-Seq and the computational complexities associated with data analysis. RNA-Seq embraces the complexity of the transcriptome and provides a mechanism to understand the underlying regulatory code; the potential to inform the brain-behavior relationship is substantial.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hitzemann
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA.
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14
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Turck N, Robin X, Walter N, Fouda C, Hainard A, Sztajzel R, Wagner G, Hochstrasser DF, Montaner J, Burkhard PR, Sanchez JC. Blood glutathione S-transferase-π as a time indicator of stroke onset. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43830. [PMID: 23028472 PMCID: PMC3444482 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ability to accurately determine time of stroke onset remains challenging. We hypothesized that an early biomarker characterized by a rapid increase in blood after stroke onset may help defining better the time window during which an acute stroke patient may be candidate for intravenous thrombolysis or other intravascular procedures. Methods The blood level of 29 proteins was measured by immunoassays on a prospective cohort of stroke patients (N = 103) and controls (N = 132). Mann-Whitney U tests, ROC curves and diagnostic odds ratios were applied to evaluate their clinical performances. Results Among the 29 molecules tested, GST-π concentration was the most significantly elevated marker in the blood of stroke patients (p<0.001). More importantly, GST-π displayed the best area under the curve (AUC, 0.79) and the best diagnostic odds ratios (10.0) for discriminating early (N = 22, <3 h of stroke onset) vs. late stroke patients (N = 81, >3 h after onset). According to goal-oriented distinct cut-offs (sensitivity(Se)-oriented: 17.7 or specificity(Sp)-oriented: 65.2 ug/L), the GST-π test obtained 91%Se/50%Sp and 50%Se/91%Sp, respectively. Moreover, GST-π showed also the highest AUC (0.83) and performances for detecting patients treated with tPA (N = 12) compared to ineligible patients (N = 103). Conclusions This study demonstrates that GST-π can accurately predict the time of stroke onset in over 50% of early stroke patients. The GST-π test could therefore complement current guidelines for tPA administration and potentially increase the number of patients accessing thrombolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Turck
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Department of Human Protein Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
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15
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Zand A, Walter N, Bahu M, Ketterer S, Sanders M, Sikorski Y, Cunningham R, Beholz L. Preparation of hydroxylated polyethylene surfaces. Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition 2012; 19:467-77. [PMID: 18318959 DOI: 10.1163/156856208783719509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Zand
- a Kettering University, 1700 West Third Avenue, Flint, MI 48504, USA
| | - N. Walter
- b McLaren Regional Medical Center, 401 South Ballenger Highway, Flint, MI 48532, USA
| | - M. Bahu
- c McLaren Regional Medical Center, 401 South Ballenger Highway, Flint, MI 48532, USA
| | - S. Ketterer
- d Kettering University, 1700 West Third Avenue, Flint, MI 48504, USA
| | - M. Sanders
- e Kettering University, 1700 West Third Avenue, Flint, MI 48504, USA
| | - Y. Sikorski
- f Kettering University, 1700 West Third Avenue, Flint, MI 48504, USA
| | - R. Cunningham
- g Kettering University, 1700 West Third Avenue, Flint, MI 48504, USA
| | - L. Beholz
- h Beholztech, Inc., 132 West First Street, Flint, MI 48502, USA
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Burckhardt F, Meyer HG, Mathies G, Walter N, Kevekordes S. Untersuchung eines Ausbruchs der Neuen Influenza in Ludwigshafen/Rhein im Juli 2009. Gesundheitswesen 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1274458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Kevekordes S, Walter N, Gayk W, Jochem J, Schlosser B, Piplack KO. Erfahrungen beim Einsatz einer Trinkwasserbehandlungsanlage nach dem Prinzip der In-line-Elektrolyse von Chlor für die Desinfektion von Trinkwasser in einem Altenpflegeheim. Gesundheitswesen 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1274471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Dayon L, Turck N, Garcí-Berrocoso T, Walter N, Burkhard PR, Vilalta A, Sahuquillo J, Montaner J, Sanchez JC. Brain extracellular fluid protein changes in acute stroke patients. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:1043-51. [PMID: 21142207 DOI: 10.1021/pr101123t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In vivo human brain extracellular fluids (ECF) of acute stroke patients were investigated to assess the changes in protein levels associated with ischemic damages. Microdialysates (MDs) from the infarct core (IC), the penumbra (P), and the unaffected contralateral (CT) brain regions of patients suffering an ischemic stroke (n = 6) were compared using a shotgun proteomic approach based on isobaric tagging and mass spectrometry. Quantitative analysis showed 53 proteins with increased amounts in the IC or P with respect to the CT samples. Glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP1), peroxiredoxin-1 (PRDX1), and protein S100-B (S100B) were further assessed with ELISA on the blood of unrelated control (n = 14) and stroke (n = 14) patients. Significant increases of 8- (p = 0.0002), 20- (p = 0.0001), and 11-fold (p = 0.0093) were found, respectively. This study highlights the value of ECF as an efficient source to further discover blood stroke markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loï Dayon
- Biomedical Proteomics Group, Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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19
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Shorez JP, Harding TS, Atkinson PJ, Walter N. Alteration of the amount and morphology of wear particles by the addition of loading profile transitions during artificial hip wear testing. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2008; 222:865-75. [PMID: 18935803 DOI: 10.1243/09544119jeim358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Current validation tests of total hip arthroplasty endo-prostheses capture only a single activity performed by patients: continuous walking. A more representative test that includes transitions from a static loaded position to dynamic motion would simulate common motions by patients in which they change from standing to walking. The introduction of such transitions into a traditional test protocol could provide insight into actual wear behaviours and more realistic wear particle properties such as size and shape. First, the introduction of transitions will increase the measured wear rate. Second, the amount of wear will be positively correlated to the number of transitions per day. Finally, the size and shape of polyethylene particle produced via testing with transitions will differ from those of a conventional continuous walking test. Three identical sets of four cobalt chromium femoral heads and sterilized acetabular cups sterilized in ethylene oxide were tested in 30 per cent bovine serum under three conditions: continuous walking (0 transitions/day), 10 transitions/day, and 100 transitions/day. A day was defined as 2500 steps. The static and peak dynamic loads were 260 N and 1.9 kN respectively. A testing duration of 106 cycles was completed for each of the three tests. The wear rate was found to be inversely related to the number of transitions. Particle analysis showed that the particle size decreased as the number of transitions increased. Particles from the 100 transitions/day test were more fibular and produced more particles of the size known to promote an immune reactive response. Contrary to our hypothesis, as the number of transitions performed by patients increased, the wear rate and accumulated wear decreased. In addition, as the number of transitions increased, a larger percentage of wear particles were in the submicron size range. Consequently, despite a decrease in wear due to the presence of loading profile transitions, there is a potentially greater risk of osteolysis owing to the increased production of immunoreactive particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Shorez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kettering University, Flint, MI, USA.
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20
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Allard L, Turck N, Burkhard PR, Walter N, Rosell A, Gex-Fabry M, Hochstrasser DF, Montaner J, Sanchez JC. Ubiquitin fusion degradation protein 1 as a blood marker for the early diagnosis of ischemic stroke. Biomark Insights 2007; 2:155-64. [PMID: 19662200 PMCID: PMC2717829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficacy of thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke is strongly related to physician's ability to make an accurate diagnosis and to intervene within 3-6 h after event onset. In this context, the discovery and validation of very early blood markers have recently become an urgent, yet unmet, goal of stroke research. Ubiquitin fusion degradation protein 1 is increased in human postmortem CSF, a model of global brain insult, suggesting that its measurement in blood may prove useful as a biomarker of stroke. METHODS Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure UFD1 in plasma and sera in three independent cohorts, European (Swiss and Spanish) and North-American retrospective analysis encompassing a total of 123 consecutive stroke and 90 control subjects. RESULTS Highly significant increase of ubiquitin fusion degradation protein 1 (UFD1) was found in Swiss stroke patients with 71% sensitivity (95% CI, 52-85.8%), and 90% specificity (95% CI, 74.2-98%) (N = 31, p < 0.0001). Significantly elevated concentration of this marker was then validated in Spanish (N = 39, p < 0.0001, 95% sensitivity (95% CI, 82.7-99.4%)), 76% specificity (95% CI, 56.5-89.7%)) and North-American stroke patients (N = 53, 62% sensitivity (95% CI, 47.9-75.2%), 90% specificity (95% CI, 73.5-97.9%), p < 0.0001). Its concentration was increased within 3 h of stroke onset, on both the Swiss (p < 0.0001) and Spanish (p = 0.0004) cohorts. CONCLUSIONS UFD1 emerges as a reliable plasma biomarker for the early diagnosis of stroke, and in the future, might be used in conjunction with clinical assessments, neuroimaging and other blood markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Allard
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Medical University Center, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Natacha Turck
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Medical University Center, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Pierre R. Burkhard
- Neurology Department, Geneva University Hospital, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Walter
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Medical University Center, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland, Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Central Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Geneva University Hospital, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - Anna Rosell
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Stroke Unit, Vall d’Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marianne Gex-Fabry
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, CH-1225 Chêne-Bourg, Switzerland
| | - Denis F. Hochstrasser
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Medical University Center, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland, Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Central Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Geneva University Hospital, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland, Pharmacy Section, Faculty of Sciences, Geneva University
| | - Joan Montaner
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Stroke Unit, Vall d’Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean-Charles Sanchez
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Medical University Center, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland,Correspondence: Jean-Charles Sanchez, Ph.D., Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, DBSB/CMU, Rue Michel Servet, 1, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Tel: +41 22 379 54 86; Fax: +41 22 379 59 84;
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Affiliation(s)
- A Alexander
- Department of ENT, Christian Medical College, Vellore - 632 004, India.
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Alexander M, Aaron S, Pulimood S, Walter N, Gnanamuthu C, Jacob J. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis inHansen′s disease. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2006. [DOI: 10.4103/0972-2327.27660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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23
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Allard L, Burkhard PR, Lescuyer P, Burgess JA, Walter N, Hochstrasser DF, Sanchez JC. PARK7 and Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase A as Plasma Markers for the Early Diagnosis of Stroke. Clin Chem 2005; 51:2043-51. [PMID: 16141287 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2005.053942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AbstractBackground: Plasma markers for stroke could be useful in diagnosis and prognosis and in prediction of response of stroke patients to therapy. PARK7 and nucleoside diphosphate kinase A (NDKA) are increased in human postmortem cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), a model of global brain insult, suggesting that measurement in CSF and, more importantly, in plasma may be useful as a biomarker of stroke.Methods: We used ELISA to measure PARK7 and NDKA in plasma in 3 independent European and North American retrospective studies encompassing a total of 622 stroke patients and 165 control individuals.Results: Increases in both biomarkers were highly significant, with sensitivities of 54%–91% for PARK7 and 70%–90% for NDKA and specificities of 80%–97% for PARK7 and 90%–97% for NDKA. The concentrations of both biomarkers increased within 3 h of stroke onset.Conclusions: PARK7 and NDKA may be useful plasma biomarkers for the early diagnosis of stroke. In addition, this study demonstrated the utility of analysis of postmortem CSF proteins as a first step in the discovery of plasma markers of ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Allard
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Medical and University Center, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Scherl A, François P, Bento M, Deshusses JM, Charbonnier Y, Converset V, Huyghe A, Walter N, Hoogland C, Appel RD, Sanchez JC, Zimmermann-Ivol CG, Corthals GL, Hochstrasser DF, Schrenzel J. Correlation of proteomic and transcriptomic profiles of Staphylococcus aureus during the post-exponential phase of growth. Journal of Microbiological Methods 2005; 60:247-57. [PMID: 15590099 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2004.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2004] [Revised: 09/17/2004] [Accepted: 09/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A combined proteomic and transcriptomic analysis of Staphylococcus aureus strain N315 was performed to study a sequenced strain at the system level. Total protein and membrane protein extracts were prepared and analyzed using various proteomic workflows including: 2-DE, SDS-PAGE combined with microcapillary LC-MALDI-MS/MS, and multidimensional liquid chromatography. The presence of a protein was then correlated with its respective transcript level from S. aureus cells grown under the same conditions. Gene-expression data revealed that 97% of the 2'596 ORFs were detected during the post-exponential phase. At the protein level, 23% of these ORFs (591 proteins) were identified. Correlation of the two datasets revealed that 42% of the identified proteins (248 proteins) were amongst the top 25% of genes with highest mRNA signal intensities, and 69% of the identified proteins (406 proteins) were amongst the top 50% with the highest mRNA signal intensities. The fact that the remaining 31% of proteins were not strongly expressed at the RNA level indicates either that some low-abundance proteins were identified or that some transcripts or proteins showed extended half-lives. The most abundant classes identified with the combined proteomic and transcriptomic approach involved energy production, translational activities and nucleotide transport, reflecting an active metabolism. The simultaneous large-scale analysis of transcriptomes and proteomes enables a global and holistic view of the S. aureus biology, allowing the parallel study of multiple active events in an organism.
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MESH Headings
- Bacterial Proteins/biosynthesis
- Bacterial Proteins/genetics
- Bacterial Proteins/isolation & purification
- Chromatography, Liquid
- Computational Biology
- Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Nucleic Acid Hybridization
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Proteomics/methods
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/isolation & purification
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
- Staphylococcus aureus/genetics
- Staphylococcus aureus/growth & development
- Staphylococcus aureus/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic/genetics
- Transcription, Genetic/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Scherl
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Schmid GM, Converset V, Walter N, Sennitt MV, Leung KY, Byers H, Ward M, Hochstrasser DF, Cawthorne MA, Sanchez JC. Effect of high-fat diet on the expression of proteins in muscle, adipose tissues, and liver of C57BL/6 mice. Proteomics 2004; 4:2270-82. [PMID: 15274121 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200300810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the effect of a high fat diet on the expression of proteins in insulin target tissues was analyzed using a proteomic approach. Gastrocnemius muscle, white and brown adipose tissue, and liver were taken from C57BL/6 mice either fed on a high-fat or a chow diet. Expression levels of approximately 10 000 polypeptides for all the four tissues were assessed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Computer-assisted image analysis allowed the detection of 50 significantly (p < 0.05) differentially expressed proteins between obese and lean mice. Interestingly, more than half of these proteins were detected in the brown adipose tissue. The differentially expressed proteins were identified by tandem mass spectrometry. Several stress and redox proteins were modulated in response to the high-fat diet. A key glycolytic enzyme was found to be downregulated in adipose tissues and muscle, suggesting that at elevated plasma fatty acid concentrations, fatty acids compete with glucose as an oxidative fuel source. Furthermore, in brown adipose tissue there were significant changes in mitochondrial enzymes involved in the Krebs tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and in the respiratory chain in response to the high-fat diet. The brown adipose tissue is an energy-dissipating tissue. Our data suggest that the high-fat diet treated mice were increasing energy expenditure to defend against weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard M Schmid
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, BPRG, Central Clinical Chemistry Laboratory University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Allard L, Lescuyer P, Burgess J, Leung KY, Ward M, Walter N, Burkhard PR, Corthals G, Hochstrasser DF, Sanchez JC. ApoC-I and ApoC-III as potential plasmatic markers to distinguish between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Proteomics 2004; 4:2242-51. [PMID: 15274118 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200300809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis and immediate therapeutic interventions are crucial factors to reduce the damage extent and the risk of death. Currently, the diagnosis of stroke relies on neurological assessment of the patient and neuro-imaging techniques including computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging scan. An early diagnostic marker of stroke, ideally capable to discriminate ischemic from hemorrhagic stroke would considerably improve patient acute management. Using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI) technology, we aimed at finding new early diagnostic plasmatic markers of stroke. Strong anionic exchange (SAX) SELDI profiles of plasma samples from 21 stroke patients were compared to 21 samples from healthy controls. Seven peaks appeared to be differentially expressed with significant p values (p < 0.05). Proteins were stripped from the SAX chips, separated on a one-dimensional electrophoresis (1-DE) gel and stained using mass spectrometry (MS)-compatible silver staining. Following in-gel tryptic digestion, the peptides were analyzed by MS. Four candidate proteins were identified as apolipoprotein CI (ApoC-I), apolipoprotein CIII (ApoC-III), serum amyloid A (SAA), and antithrombin-III fragment (AT-III fragment). Assessment of ApoC-I and ApoC-III levels in plasma samples using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) allowed to distinguish between hemorrhagic (n = 15) and ischemic (n = 16) stroke (p < 0.001). To the best of our knowledge, ApoC-I and ApoC-III are the first reported plasmatic biomarkers capable to accurately distinguish between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in a small number of patients. It requires further investigation in a large cohort of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Allard
- Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Central Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
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van de Putte LBA, Atkins C, Malaise M, Sany J, Russell AS, van Riel PLCM, Settas L, Bijlsma JW, Todesco S, Dougados M, Nash P, Emery P, Walter N, Kaul M, Fischkoff S, Kupper H. Efficacy and safety of adalimumab as monotherapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis for whom previous disease modifying antirheumatic drug treatment has failed. Ann Rheum Dis 2004; 63:508-16. [PMID: 15082480 PMCID: PMC1755008 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2003.013052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 439] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of monotherapy with adalimumab in patients with RA for whom previous DMARD treatment has failed. METHODS In a 26 week, double blind, placebo controlled, phase III trial, 544 patients with RA were randomised to monotherapy with adalimumab 20 mg every other week, 20 mg weekly, 40 mg every other week, 40 mg weekly, or placebo. The primary efficacy end point was > or =20% improvement in the ACR core criteria (ACR20 response). Secondary efficacy end points included ACR50, ACR70, EULAR responses, and the Disability Index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ DI). RESULTS After 26 weeks, patients treated with adalimumab 20 mg every other week, 20 mg weekly, 40 mg every other week, and 40 mg weekly had significantly better response rates than those treated with placebo: ACR20 (35.8%, 39.3%, 46.0%, 53.4%, respectively v 19.1%; p< or =0.01); ACR50 (18.9%, 20.5%, 22.1%, 35.0% v 8.2%; p< or =0.05); ACR70 (8.5%, 9.8%, 12.4%, 18.4% v 1.8%; p< or =0.05). Moderate EULAR response rates were significantly greater with adalimumab than with placebo (41.5%, 48.2%, 55.8%, 63.1% v 26.4%; p< or =0.05). Patients treated with adalimumab achieved better improvements in mean HAQ DI than those receiving placebo (-0.29, -0.39, -0.38, -0.49 v -0.07; p< or =0.01). No significant differences were found between adalimumab and placebo treated patients for serious adverse events, serious infections, or malignancies. Injection site reaction occurred in 10.6% and 0.9% of adalimumab and placebo treated patients, respectively (p< or =0.05). CONCLUSION Among patients with RA for whom previous DMARD treatment had failed, adalimumab monotherapy achieved significant, rapid, and sustained improvements in disease activity and improved physical function and was safe and well tolerated.
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Binz PA, Abdi F, Affolter M, Allard L, Barblan J, Bhardwaj S, Bienvenut WV, Bulet P, Burgess J, Carrette O, Corthals G, Delalande F, Diemer H, Favreau P, Giuliano E, Gueguen Y, Guillaume E, Hahner S, Man P, Michalet S, Neri D, Noukakis D, Palagi P, Paroutaud P, Pimenta DC, Quadroni M, Resemann A, Richert S, Rybak J, Sanchez JC, Scherl A, Scheurer S, Schweiger Hufnagel U, Siethoff C, Suckau D, van Dorsselaer A, Wagner Redeker W, Walter N, Stöcklin R. Proteomics application exercise of the Swiss Proteomics Society: report of the SPS'02 session. Proteomics 2003; 3:1562-6. [PMID: 12923782 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200300458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
After the success of the mass spectrometry (MS) round table that was held at the first Swiss Proteomics Society congress (SPS'01) in Geneva, the SPS has organized a proteomics application exercise and allocated a full session at the SPS'02 congress. The main objective was to encourage the exchange of expertise in protein identification, with a focus on the use of mass spectrometry, and to create a bridge between the users' questions and the instrument providers' solutions. Two samples were sent to fifteen interested labs, including academic groups and MS hardware providers. Participants were asked to identify and partially characterize the samples. They consisted of a complex mixture of peptide/proteins (sample A) and an almost pure recombinant peptide carrying post-translational modifications (sample B). Sample A was an extract of snake venom from the species Bothrops jararaca. Sample B was a recombinant and modified peptide derived from the shrimp Penaeus vannamei penaeidin 3a. The eight labs that returned results reported the use of a wide range of MS instrumentation and techniques. They mentioned a variety of time and manpower allocations. The origin of sample A was generally identified together with a number of database protein entries. The difficulty of the sample identification lay in the incomplete knowledge of the Bothrops species genome sequence and is discussed. Sample B was generally and correctly identified as penaeidin. However, only one group reported the full primary structure. Interestingly, the approaches were again varied and are discussed in the text.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Alain Binz
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Centre Médical Universitaire, 1 Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Deshusses JMP, Burgess JA, Scherl A, Wenger Y, Walter N, Converset V, Paesano S, Corthals GL, Hochstrasser DF, Sanchez JC. Exploitation of specific properties of trifluoroethanol for extraction and separation of membrane proteins. Proteomics 2003; 3:1418-24. [PMID: 12923766 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200300492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobic proteins are difficult to analyze by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) because of their intrinsic tendency to self-aggregate during the first dimension (isoelectric focusing, IEF) or the equilibration steps. This aggregation renders their redissolution for the second dimension uncertain and results in the reduction of the number and intensity of protein spots, and in undesirable vertical and horizontal streaks across gels. Trifluoroethanol (TFE) is traditionally used at high concentration to solubilize peptides and proteins for NMR studies. Depending upon its concentration, TFE strongly affects the three-dimensional structure of proteins. We report here a phase separation system based on TFE/CHCl(3), which is able to extract a number of intrinsic membrane proteins. The addition of TFE in the in-gel sample rehydration buffer to improve membrane protein IEF separation is also presented. The procedure using urea, thiourea, and sulfobetaine as chaotropic agents was modified by the addition of TFE and removing of sulfobetaine at an optimized concentration in the solubilization medium used for the first dimension. When using membrane fractions isolated from Escherichia coli, the intensity and the number of spots detected from 2-DE gels that used TFE in the solubilization medium were significantly increased. The majority of the proteins identified using peptide mass fingerprinting and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) were intrinsic membrane proteins, proteins of beta barrel structure or transmembrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques M P Deshusses
- Biomedical Proteomics Group, Central Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Geneva University Hospital, Rue Micheli-du-Crest 24, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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Braun LG, Gürkan I, Jacobs P, Räsch RJ, Walter N. [What must now be addressed in health policy]. Chirurg 2003; 74:M41-4. [PMID: 12691061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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31
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Gutenbrunner C, Schreiber C, Beck K, Walter N, Ehlebracht-König I, v. Pezold E, Gehrke A, Kniesch K, Thon B, Candir F. Prospektive kontrollierte Studie über die Langwirksamkeit stationärer Heilverfahren auf das kardiovaskuläre Risikoprofil. Phys Rehab Kur Med 2002. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-35159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Often used in cognitive studies measuring reaction times and in functional imaging studies, the subtraction paradigm is based on the comparison of performance on tasks presupposed to refer to different cognitive levels of processing. Within the framework of the study of phonological processing of words, manipulating the grapheme-phoneme transparency of stimuli can represent a means of counteracting the methodological drawbacks inherent to the subtraction paradigm. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the level of difficulty of grapheme-phoneme matching on the processing of transparent and nontransparent words. Grapheme-phoneme matching was carried out both on the final syllable of words and on sublexical segments within the word. The results indicate that processing is faster for the transparent than for the nontransparent stimuli. This task will now have to be reintroduced in brain imaging studies aiming to look at different levels of difficulty for grapheme-phoneme matching.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Walter
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montreéal, Canada
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Bateman JB, Geyer DD, Flodman P, Johannes M, Sikela J, Walter N, Moreira AT, Clancy K, Spence MA. A new betaA1-crystallin splice junction mutation in autosomal dominant cataract. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000; 41:3278-85. [PMID: 11006214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To map the locus for autosomal dominant cataracts (ADCs) in a Brazilian family using candidate gene linkage analyses, describe the clinical variability, and identify potential mutations in the human betaA1-crystallin gene (CRYBA1), a candidate gene identified through linkage studies demonstrating cosegregation with markers on chromosome 17. METHODS Members of a Brazilian family with ADC were studied. Clinical examinations and linkage analyses with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) polymorphisms of 22 anonymous markers and 2 within the neurofibromatosis type 1 gene were performed; two-point lod scores were calculated. DNA sequences of all 6 exons and 12 exon-intron boundaries of the betaA1-crystallin gene, a proximal candidate gene mapped to 17q11.1-q12 in one unaffected and two affected individuals, were screened and new variants assessed for cosegregation with the disease. RESULTS Affected individuals exhibited variable expressivity of pulverulent opacities in the embryonal nucleus and sutures; star-shaped, shieldlike, or radial opacities in the posterior embryonal nucleus; and/or midcortical opacities. All known loci for ADC in this family on chromosomes 1 and 13 were excluded. A positive lod score on chromosome 17 was calculated. This ADC locus was mapped to two potential regions on the long arm with an intervening recombination. The only known candidate gene in these regions was betaA1-crystallin. Three previously unreported single nucleotide variants were found in this gene, one in the donor splice junction site of intron C. This variant was found in all affected members and is presumed to be the causative mutation. CONCLUSIONS An ADC locus was mapped in a Brazilian family with variable expressivity to either 17q23.1-23.2 or 17q11.1-12 based on linkage analyses. Analyses of DNA sequences of the betaA1-crystallin gene in this family revealed three new variants, one of which is within a donor splice junction and cosegregates with affected members.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Bateman
- Departments of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital, the University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80264, USA.
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Abstract
REC104 is a gene required for the initiation of meiotic recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To better understand the role of REC104 in meiosis, we used an in vitro mutagenesis technique to create a set of temperature-conditional mutations in REC104 and used one ts allele (rec104-8) in a screen for high-copy suppressors. An increased dosage of the early exchange gene REC102 was found to suppress the conditional recombinational reduction in rec104-8 as well as in several other conditional rec104 alleles. However, no suppression was observed for a null allele of REC104, indicating that the suppression by REC102 is not "bypass" suppression. Overexpression of the early meiotic genes REC114, RAD50, HOP1, and RED1 fails to suppress any of the rec104 conditional alleles, indicating that the suppression might be specific to REC102.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Salem
- Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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35
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Eberle KK, Zinsmaier KE, Buchner S, Gruhn M, Jenni M, Arnold C, Leibold C, Reisch D, Walter N, Hafen E, Hofbauer A, Pflugfelder GO, Buchner E. Wide distribution of the cysteine string proteins in Drosophila tissues revealed by targeted mutagenesis. Cell Tissue Res 1998; 294:203-17. [PMID: 9799436 DOI: 10.1007/s004410051170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The "cysteine string protein" (CSP) genes of higher eukaryotes code for a novel family of proteins characterized by a "J" domain and an unusual cysteine-rich region. Previous studies had localized the proteins in neuropil and synaptic terminals of larval and adult Drosophila and linked the temperature-sensitive paralysis of the mutants described here to conditional failure of synaptic transmission. We now use the null mutants as negative controls in order to reliably detect even low concentrations of CSPs by immunohistochemistry, employing three monoclonal antibodies. In wild-type flies high levels of cysteine string proteins are found not only in apparently all synaptic terminals of the embryonic, larval, and adult nervous systems, but also in the "tall cells" of the cardia, in the follicle cells of the ovary, in specific structures of the female spermatheca, and in the male testis and ejaculatory bulb. In addition, low levels of CSPs appear to be present in all tissues examined, including neuronal perikarya, axons, muscles, Malpighian tubules, and salivary glands. Western blots of isolated tissues demonstrate that of the four isoforms expressed in heads only the largest is found in non-neural organs. The wide expression of CSPs suggests that at least some of the various phenotypes of the null mutants observed at permissive temperatures, such as delayed development, short adult lifespan, modified electroretinogram, and optomotor behavior, may be caused by the lack of CSPs outside synaptic terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Eberle
- Th.-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Lehrstuhl für Genetik, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Banerjee AR, Berzal-Herranz A, Bond J, Butcher S, Esteban JA, Heckman JE, Sargueil B, Walter N, Burke JM. Hairpin Ribozyme Structure and Dynamics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-1998-0682.ch022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. R. Banerjee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Markey Center for Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burling, VT 05405
| | - A. Berzal-Herranz
- Current address: Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicinia, CSIC, Ventanilla 11, 18001 Granada, Spain
| | - J. Bond
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Markey Center for Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burling, VT 05405
| | - S. Butcher
- Current address: Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, East Los Angeles, CA 90095-1570
| | | | - J. E. Heckman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Markey Center for Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burling, VT 05405
| | - B. Sargueil
- Current address: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CGM, Avenue de Laterasse, 91190 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - N. Walter
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Markey Center for Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burling, VT 05405
| | - J. M. Burke
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Markey Center for Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burling, VT 05405
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Abstract
Thoracic complications of laparoscopic operations are rare. We describe a case of cholelithoptysis due to a gallstone sequestered in the middle lobe after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Barnard
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Freeman Road Hospital, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Multimeric complexes of synaptic vesicle and terminal membrane proteins are important components of the neurotransmitter release mechanism. The csp gene of Drosophila encodes proteins homologous to synaptic vesicle proteins in Torpedo. Monoclonal antibodies demonstrate different distributions of isoforms at distinct subsets of terminals. Deletion of the csp gene in Drosophila causes a temperature-sensitive block of synaptic transmission, followed by paralysis and premature death.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Zinsmaier
- California Institute of Technology, Division of Biology, Pasadena 91125
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Walter N, Steiner C. Fast chemiluminescent measurement of RNA polymerase activity based on photon counting technology. Biotechniques 1993; 15:926-31. [PMID: 7505603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A fast and simple assay for T7 RNA polymerase based upon chemiluminescent detection of the synthesized, digoxigenin-labeled RNA on a nylon membrane with anti-digoxigenin coupled alkaline phosphatase and CSPD as substrate is described. Activity of RNA polymerase is determined with high sensitivity by quantifying the emitted light of the microplate-formatted dot-blot membrane with a photon counting microplate luminometer and a specially designed filter adapter. The described method is one example for the application of this new adapter to measure luminescent membrane filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Walter
- Abteilung Biochemische Kinetik, Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Göttingen, FRG
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Abstract
AbstractA case of benign ‘Solitary Fibrous Tumour of the Nasopharynx’, a rare, recently recognized entity, is presented and the clinical and pathological details discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Job
- Department of Pathology, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore, India
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the appropriateness of referrals from general practice to hospital outpatient departments. DESIGN Prospective audit of referrals from a group practice over one year. SETTING Six handed practice in a southern coastal town. SUBJECTS All patients referred during the study period for whom a copy of the referral letter was available. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The investigations carried out by the consultant that led to the diagnosis; the diagnosis reached; and the management. RESULTS Of roughly 3000 patients referred during the year, 277 with various skin and soft tissue disorders could probably have been managed solely by the general practitioner. Referrals for cryotherapy (96 in this series) and diabetes (19) could probably also have been avoided by specialist training of the general practitioner. In addition, in cases of haematuria and prostatic hypertrophy (34 and 22 referrals) substantial time could have been saved for both the patient and the consultant had the general practitioner supplied the results of relevant investigations. Probably the most important outcome was the model that the study offered for other general practitioners to improve the appropriateness of referrals. CONCLUSION This approach to determining the appropriateness of referrals benefits the general practitioners, the consultant, and the patient.
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Walter N, Krishnaswami H. Granulomatous peritonitis caused by Ascaris eggs: a report of three cases. J Trop Med Hyg 1989; 92:17-9. [PMID: 2918574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Three cases of granulomatous peritonitis, due to the eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides, are reported. All patients presented with a palpable mass in the abdomen and two patients, in addition, had fever and abdominal pain. Laparotomy was performed and the operative diagnosis in each case was tuberculosis. The diagnosis of Ascaris ova peritonitis was made by histopathological examination of tissue removed at operation. The pathogenesis and differential diagnosis of this condition are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Walter
- Norman Institute of Pathology, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India
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Lalitha MK, Anandi V, Walter N, Devadatta JO, Pulimood BM. Primary anthrax presenting as an injection "abscess". INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 1988; 31:254-6. [PMID: 3148549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Jongeward RH, Martel W, Louis DS, Okoye MI, Walter N. Case report 304. Florid reactive periostitis proximal phalange of the left 5th finger. Skeletal Radiol 1985; 13:169-73. [PMID: 3975663 DOI: 10.1007/bf00352089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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45
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Walter N. [Vaccinia autoinoculata during pregnancy]. Hautarzt 1979; 30:501-2. [PMID: 536194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A 21 year old woman received a smallpox revaccination during the fifth to sixth month of pregnancy. She developed accidental vaccinia by autoinoculation and, five weeks later, gave birth to a healthy child.
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Lederer B, Weiser G, Walter N, Propst A. [Quantitative Cytochemical and Morphometric Investigations on Uterine Angiomatosis (Endolymphatis Stromal Myosis) and Stromal Sarcoma]. Z Krebsforsch Klin Onkol Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1975; 83:57-64. [PMID: 125004 DOI: 10.1007/bf00284401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The angiomatosis uteri shows a low scattering of nuclear DNA content; an euploid DNA stem line suggests a benign behavior in these tumors. This evidence is supported by clinical experiences. The endometrial stromal sarcoma and the angioblastic sarcoma are characterized by a high scattering of nuclear DNA content, an aneuploid DNA stemline and a substantial irregularity of the nuclear area. These difference, suggest the malignancy of stromal and angioblastic sarcoma.
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Lederer B, Schwamberger K, Falser N, Walter N, Reissigl H. [Cytodiagnosis of gastric washings--a valuable help in cancer detection (author's transl)]. Wien Klin Wochenschr 1974; 86:464-6. [PMID: 4428772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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48
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Magalhães M, Leal R, Menezes E, Walter N. [Combined streptomycin and isoniazid in high weekly doses in pulmonary tuberculosis]. Rev Bras Med 1965; 22:648-9. [PMID: 5322480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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