1
|
Suzuki-Hashido N, Tsuchida S, Azumano A, Goossens B, Saldivar DAR, Stark DJ, Tuuga A, Ushida K, Matsuda I. Isolation of Bacteria from Freeze-Dried Samples and the Functional Characterization of Species-Specific Lactic Acid Bacteria with a Comparison of Wild and Captive Proboscis Monkeys. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1458. [PMID: 37374963 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we isolated a novel lactic acid bacteria species (Lactobacillus nasalidis) from the fresh forestomach contents of a captive proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) in a Japanese zoo. In this study, we isolated two strains of L. nasalidis from the freeze-dried forestomach contents of a wild proboscis monkey inhabiting a riverine forest in Malaysia. The samples had been stored for more than six years. Phenotypic analysis showed that strains isolated from the wild individual had more diverse sugar utilization and lower salt tolerance than strains previously isolated from the captive counterpart. These phenotypic differences are most likely induced by feeding conditions; wild individuals consume a wide variety of natural food, unlike their zoo-raised counterparts that consume formula feed with sodium sufficiency. Since 16s rRNA sequences of L. nasalidis were detected in the previously created 16S rRNA libraries of wild, provisioned, and captive proboscis monkeys in Malaysia and Japan, L. nasalidis may be an essential bacterium of the foregut microbial community of the proboscis monkey. The currently established method for the isolation of gut bacteria from freeze-dried samples under storage will be applicable to many already-stored precious samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nami Suzuki-Hashido
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku 102-0083, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Tsuchida
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Benoit Goossens
- Sabah Wildlife Department, Wisma Muis, Kota Kinabalu 88100, Malaysia
- Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
- Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Wisma Muis, Kota Kinabalu 88100, Malaysia
| | - Diana A Ramirez Saldivar
- Sabah Wildlife Department, Wisma Muis, Kota Kinabalu 88100, Malaysia
- Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Wisma Muis, Kota Kinabalu 88100, Malaysia
| | - Danica J Stark
- Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
- Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Wisma Muis, Kota Kinabalu 88100, Malaysia
| | - Augustine Tuuga
- Sabah Wildlife Department, Wisma Muis, Kota Kinabalu 88100, Malaysia
| | - Kazunari Ushida
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ikki Matsuda
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku 606-8203, Kyoto, Japan
- Academy of Emerging Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan
- Chubu Institute for Advanced Studies, Chubu University, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88100, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Suzuki-Hashido N, Tsuchida S, Hayakawa T, Sakamoto M, Azumano A, Seino S, Matsuda I, Ohkuma M, Ushida K. Lactobacillus nasalidis sp. nov., isolated from the forestomach of a captive proboscis monkey ( Nasalis larvatus). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 33906706 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three strains (YZ01T, YZ02 and YZ03) of Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic rods were isolated from the forestomach contents collected from a captive male proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) at Yokohama Zoo in Japan. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that these strains belonged to the genus Lactobacillus. Based on the sequence similarity of the 16S rRNA gene, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. indicus JCM 15610T was the closest phylogenetic neighbour to YZ01T. Sequence analyses of two partial concatenated housekeeping genes, the RNA polymerase alpha subunit (rpoA) and phenylalanyl-tRNA synthase alpha subunit (pheS) also indicated that the novel strains belonged to the genus Lactobacillus. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) between L. delbrueckii subsp. indicus and YZ01T were 85.9 and 31.4 %, respectively. The phylogenetic tree based on the whole genomic data of strains YZ01T, YZ02 and YZ03 suggested that these three strains formed a single monophyletic cluster in the genus Lactobacillus, indicating that it belonged to a new species. The DNA G+C content of strain YZ01T was 51.6 mol%. The major fatty acids were C16 : 0 and C18 : 1 ω9c. Therefore, based on phylogenetic, phenotypic and physiological evidence, strains YZ01T, YZ02 and YZ03 represent a novel species of the genus Lactobacillus, for which the name Lactobacillus nasalidis sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain YZ01T (=JCM 33769T=DSM 110539T).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nami Suzuki-Hashido
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan.,Chubu University Academy of Emerging Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Sayaka Tsuchida
- Chubu University Academy of Emerging Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Hayakawa
- Japan Monkey Centre, Inuyama, Aichi, 484-0081, Japan.,Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810 Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Sakamoto
- PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan.,Microbe Division/Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | | | - Satoru Seino
- Present address: Preservation and Research Center, City of Yokohama, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-0804, Japan.,Yokohama Zoo Zoorasia, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-0001, Japan
| | - Ikki Matsuda
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8203, Japan.,Chubu University Academy of Emerging Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan.,Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, University Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.,Japan Monkey Centre, Inuyama, Aichi, 484-0081, Japan
| | | | - Kazunari Ushida
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan.,Chubu University Academy of Emerging Sciences, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Purba LHPS, Widayati KA, Suzuki-Hashido N, Itoigawa A, Hayakawa T, Nila S, Juliandi B, Suryobroto B, Imai H. Evolution of the bitter taste receptor TAS2R38 in colobines. Primates 2020; 61:485-494. [PMID: 32006126 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-020-00799-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Bitter taste perception enables the detection of potentially toxic molecules and thus evokes avoidance behavior in vertebrates. It is mediated by bitter taste receptors, TAS2Rs. One of the best-studied TAS2R is TAS2R38. Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) perception and TAS2R38 receptors vary across primate species, and this variation may be related to variation in dietary preferences. In particular, we previously found that the low sensitivity of TAS2R38s in Asian colobines likely evolved as an adaptation to their leaf-eating behavior. However, it remains unclear whether this low PTC sensitivity is a general characteristic of the subfamily Colobinae, a primate group that feeds predominantly on leaves. We performed genetic analyses, functional assays with mutant proteins, and behavioral analyses to evaluate the general characteristics of TAS2R38 in colobines. We found that PTC sensitivity is lower in TAS2R38s of African colobines than in TAS2R38s of omnivorous macaques. Furthermore, two amino acids shared between Asian and African colobines were responsible for low sensitivity to PTC, suggesting that the last common ancestor of extant colobines had this phenotype. We also detected amino acid differences between TAS2R38s in Asian and African colobines, indicating that they evolved independently after the separation of these groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kanthi Arum Widayati
- Department of Biology, Bogor Agricultural University, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia.
| | - Nami Suzuki-Hashido
- Academy of Emerging Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan
| | - Akihiro Itoigawa
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan.,Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primates Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, 484-8506, Japan
| | - Takashi Hayakawa
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, N10W5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan.,Department of Wildlife Science (Nagoya Railroad Co., Ltd.), Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, 41-2 Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi, 484-8506, Japan.,Japan Monkey Centre, Inuyama, Aichi, 484-0081, Japan
| | - Sarah Nila
- Department of Biology, Bogor Agricultural University, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Berry Juliandi
- Department of Biology, Bogor Agricultural University, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Suryobroto
- Department of Biology, Bogor Agricultural University, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Hiroo Imai
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primates Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, 484-8506, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Itoigawa A, Hayakawa T, Suzuki-Hashido N, Imai H. A natural point mutation in the bitter taste receptor TAS2R16 causes inverse agonism of arbutin in lemur gustation. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20190884. [PMID: 31161904 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.0884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bitter taste enables the detection of potentially harmful substances and is mediated by bitter taste receptors, TAS2Rs, in vertebrates. Few antagonists and inverse agonists of TAS2Rs have been identified, especially natural compounds. TAS2R16s in humans, apes and Old World monkeys (Catarrhini, Anthropoidea) recognize β-glucoside analogues as specific agonists. Here, we investigated responses of TAS2R16 to β-glucosides in non-anthropoid primates, namely lemurs (Lemuriformes, Strepsirrhini). Salicin acted as an agonist on lemur TAS2R16. Arbutin acted as an agonist in the ring-tailed lemur ( Lemur catta) but as an inverse agonist in black lemur ( Eulemur macaco) and black-and-white ruffed lemur ( Varecia variegata). We identified a strepsirrhine-specific amino acid substitution responsible for the inverse agonism of arbutin. In a food preference test, salicin bitterness was inhibited by arbutin in the black lemur. Structural modelling revealed this locus was important for a rearrangement of the intracellular end of transmembrane helix 7 (TM7). Accordingly, arbutin is the first known natural inverse agonist of TAS2Rs, contributing to our understanding of receptor-ligand interactions and the molecular basis of the unique feeding habit diversification in lemurs. Furthermore, the identification of a causal point mutation suggests that TAS2R can acquire functional changes according to feeding habits and environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Itoigawa
- 1 Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University , 41-2 Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506 , Japan.,3 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science , Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083 , Japan
| | - Takashi Hayakawa
- 2 Department of Wildlife Science (Nagoya Railroad Co., Ltd.), Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University , 41-2 Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506 , Japan.,4 Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University , N10W5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810 , Japan.,5 Japan Monkey Centre , 26 Inuyamakanrin, Inuyama, Aichi 484-0081 , Japan
| | - Nami Suzuki-Hashido
- 3 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science , Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083 , Japan.,6 Chubu University Academy of Emerging Sciences , 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501 , Japan
| | - Hiroo Imai
- 1 Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University , 41-2 Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nishi E, Suzuki-Hashido N, Hayakawa T, Tsuji Y, Suryobroto B, Imai H. Functional decline of sweet taste sensitivity of colobine monkeys. Primates 2018; 59:523-530. [PMID: 30191350 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-018-0679-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
For many primates, sweet taste is palatable and is an indicator that the food contains carbohydrates, such as sugars and starches, as energy sources. However, we have found that Asian colobine monkeys (lutungs and langurs) have low sensitivity to various natural sugars. Sweet tastes are recognized when compounds bind to the sweet taste receptor TAS1R2/TAS1R3 in the oral cavity; accordingly, we conducted a functional assay using a heterologous expression system to evaluate the responses of Javan lutung (Trachypithecus auratus) TAS1R2/TAS1R3 to various natural sugars. We found that Javan lutung TAS1R2/TAS1R3 did not respond to natural sugars such as sucrose and maltose. We also conducted a behavioral experiment using the silvery lutung (Trachypithecus cristatus) and Hanuman langur (Semnopithecus entellus) by measuring the consumption of sugar-flavored jellies. Consistent with the functional assay results for TAS1R2/TAS1R3, these Asian colobine monkeys showed no preference for sucrose or maltose jellies. These results demonstrate that sweet taste sensitivity to natural sugars is low in Asian colobine monkeys, and this may be related to the specific feeding habits of colobine monkeys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Nishi
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primates Research Institute, Kyoto University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Nami Suzuki-Hashido
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primates Research Institute, Kyoto University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashi Hayakawa
- Department of Wildlife Science (Nagoya Railroad Co., Ltd.), Primates Research Institute, Kyoto University, Aichi, Japan.,Japan Monkey Centre, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yamato Tsuji
- Social Systems Evolution Section, Primates Research Institute, Kyoto University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Bambang Suryobroto
- Department of Biology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Hiroo Imai
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primates Research Institute, Kyoto University, Aichi, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Purba LHPS, Widayati KA, Tsutsui K, Suzuki-Hashido N, Hayakawa T, Nila S, Suryobroto B, Imai H. Functional characterization of the TAS2R38 bitter taste receptor for phenylthiocarbamide in colobine monkeys. Biol Lett 2017; 13:20160834. [PMID: 28123110 PMCID: PMC5310586 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bitterness perception in mammals is mostly directed at natural toxins that induce innate avoidance behaviours. Bitter taste is mediated by the G protein-coupled receptor TAS2R, which is located in taste cell membranes. One of the best-studied bitter taste receptors is TAS2R38, which recognizes phenylthiocarbamide (PTC). Here we investigate the sensitivities of TAS2R38 receptors to PTC in four species of leaf-eating monkeys (subfamily Colobinae). Compared with macaque monkeys (subfamily Cercopithecinae), colobines have lower sensitivities to PTC in behavioural and in vitro functional analyses. We identified four non-synonymous mutations in colobine TAS2R38 that are responsible for the decreased sensitivity of the TAS2R38 receptor to PTC observed in colobines compared with macaques. These results suggest that tolerance to bitterness in colobines evolved from an ancestor that was sensitive to bitterness as an adaptation to eating leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kanthi Arum Widayati
- Department of Biology, Bogor Agricultural University, West Java 16680, Indonesia
| | - Kei Tsutsui
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan
| | - Nami Suzuki-Hashido
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan
| | - Takashi Hayakawa
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan
| | - Sarah Nila
- Department of Biology, Bogor Agricultural University, West Java 16680, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Suryobroto
- Department of Biology, Bogor Agricultural University, West Java 16680, Indonesia
| | - Hiroo Imai
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tsutsui K, Otoh M, Sakurai K, Suzuki-Hashido N, Hayakawa T, Misaka T, Ishimaru Y, Aureli F, Melin AD, Kawamura S, Imai H. Variation in ligand responses of the bitter taste receptors TAS2R1 and TAS2R4 among New World monkeys. BMC Evol Biol 2016; 16:208. [PMID: 27733116 PMCID: PMC5062938 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0783-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background New World monkeys (NWMs) are unique in that they exhibit remarkable interspecific variation in color vision and feeding behavior, making them an excellent model for studying sensory ecology. However, it is largely unknown whether non-visual senses co-vary with feeding ecology, especially gustation, which is expected to be indispensable in food selection. Bitter taste, which is mediated by bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) in the tongue, helps organisms avoid ingesting potentially toxic substances in food. In this study, we compared the ligand sensitivities of the TAS2Rs of five species of NWMs by heterologous expression in HEK293T cells and calcium imaging. Results We found that TAS2R1 and TAS2R4 orthologs differ in sensitivity among the NWM species for colchicine and camphor, respectively. We then reconstructed the ancestral receptors of NWM TAS2R1 and TAS2R4, measured the evolutionary shift in ligand sensitivity, and identified the amino acid replacement at residue 62 as responsible for the high sensitivity of marmoset TAS2R4 to colchicine. Conclusions Our results provide a basis for understanding the differences in feeding ecology among NWMs with respect to bitter taste. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0783-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Tsutsui
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Otoh
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Kodama Sakurai
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Hayakawa
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan.,Japan Monkey Centre, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Takumi Misaka
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Ishimaru
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Filippo Aureli
- Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Instituto de Neuroetologia, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Amanda D Melin
- Departments of Anthropology & Archaeology and Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Shoji Kawamura
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan.
| | - Hiroo Imai
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Imai H, Suzuki-Hashido N, Ishimaru Y, Sakurai T, Yin L, Pan W, Ishiguro M, Masuda K, Abe K, Misaka T, Hirai H. Amino acid residues of bitter taste receptor TAS2R16 that determine sensitivity in primates to β-glycosides. Biophys Physicobiol 2016; 13:165-171. [PMID: 27924271 PMCID: PMC5042178 DOI: 10.2142/biophysico.13.0_165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, bitter taste is mediated by TAS2Rs, which belong to the family of seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors. Since TAS2Rs are directly involved in the interaction between mammals and their dietary sources, it is likely that these genes evolved to reflect species-specific diets during mammalian evolution. Here, we analyzed the amino acids responsible for the difference in sensitivities of TAS2R16s of various primates using a cultured cell expression system. We found that the sensitivity of TAS2R16 varied due to several amino acid residues. Mutation of amino acid residues at E86T, L247M, and V260F in human and langur TAS2R16 for mimicking the macaque TAS2R16 decreased the sensitivity of the receptor in an additive manner, which suggests its contribution to the potency of salicin, possibly via direct interaction. However, mutation of amino acid residues 125 and 133 in human TAS2R16, which are situated in helix 4, to the macaque sequence increased the sensitivity of the receptor. These results suggest the possibility that bitter taste sensitivities evolved independently by replacing specific amino acid residues of TAS2Rs in different primate species to adapt to species-specific food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Imai
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan
| | - Nami Suzuki-Hashido
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Ishimaru
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takanobu Sakurai
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Lijie Yin
- Center for Nature and Society, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenshi Pan
- Center for Nature and Society, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Masaji Ishiguro
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Masuda
- Suntory Institute for Bioorganic Research, Mishima-gun, Osaka 618-8503, Japan
| | - Keiko Abe
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takumi Misaka
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Hirai
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Suzuki-Hashido N, Hayakawa T, Matsui A, Go Y, Ishimaru Y, Misaka T, Abe K, Hirai H, Satta Y, Imai H. Rapid Expansion of Phenylthiocarbamide Non-Tasters among Japanese Macaques. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26201026 PMCID: PMC4511751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bitter taste receptors (TAS2R proteins) allow mammals to detect and avoid ingestion of toxins in food. Thus, TAS2Rs play an important role in food choice and are subject to complex natural selection pressures. In our previous study, we examined nucleotide variation in TAS2R38, a gene expressing bitter taste receptor for phenylthiocarbamide (PTC), in 333 Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) from 9 local populations in Japan. We identified a PTC “non-taster” TAS2R38 allele in Japanese macaques that was caused by a loss of the start codon. This PTC non-taster allele was only found in a limited local population (the Kii area), at a frequency of 29%. In this study, we confirmed that this allele was present in only the Kii population by analyzing an additional 264 individuals from eight new populations. Using cellular and behavioral experiments, we found that this allele lost its receptor function for perceiving PTC. The nucleotide sequences of the allele including flanking regions (of about 10 kb) from 23 chromosomes were identical, suggesting that a non-taster allele arose and expanded in the Kii population during the last 13,000 years. Genetic analyses of non-coding regions in Kii individuals and neighboring populations indicated that the high allele frequency in the Kii population could not be explained by demographic history, suggesting that positive selection resulted in a rapid increase in PTC non-tasters in the Kii population. The loss-of-function that occurred at the TAS2R38 locus presumably provided a fitness advantage to Japanese macaques in the Kii population. Because TAS2R38 ligands are often found in plants, this functional change in fitness is perhaps related to feeding habit specificity. These findings should provide valuable insights for elucidating adaptive evolutionary changes with respect to various environments in wild mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nami Suzuki-Hashido
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Hayakawa
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Matsui
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Go
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Ishimaru
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Misaka
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Abe
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Hirai
- Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoko Satta
- Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail: (YS); (HI)
| | - Hiroo Imai
- Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail: (YS); (HI)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hayakawa T, Suzuki-Hashido N, Matsui A, Go Y. Frequent Expansions of the Bitter Taste Receptor Gene Repertoire during Evolution of Mammals in the Euarchontoglires Clade. Mol Biol Evol 2014; 31:2018-31. [DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msu144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|