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Geurs N, Hoffbauer K, Belmans A, De Cauwer H. Influenza B-induced longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis and bithalamic acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:1299-1301. [PMID: 37848777 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
In the COVID-era, other viral pathogens, like influenza B, gain less attention in scientific reporting. However, influenza still is endemic, and rarely affects central nervous system (CNS). Here, we report the case of a 35-year-old male who presented with fever since 1 week, and developed acute ascending flaccid paralysis and urinary retention. The clinical presentation of paraparesis in combination with the inflammation proven by the lumbar puncture, and the MRI full spine, fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM). In this case, it is most likely based on a post-viral Influenza type B. Additionally, the brain MRI showed a necrotizing encephalopathy bilaterally in the thalamus. Both locations of inflammatory disease were part of one auto-immune-mediated, monophasic CNS disorder: influenza-induced ADEM which is very unique, fortunately with favorable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Geurs
- Department of Neurology, Geel General Hospital, Ziekenhuis Netwerk Kempen, Ziekenhuis Geel, JB Stessenstraat 2, 2440, Geel, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Kathleen Hoffbauer
- Department of Neurology, Geel General Hospital, Ziekenhuis Netwerk Kempen, Ziekenhuis Geel, JB Stessenstraat 2, 2440, Geel, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - An Belmans
- Department of Neuroradiology, Geel General Hospital, Ziekenhuis Netwerk Kempen, Geel, Belgium
| | - Harald De Cauwer
- Department of Neurology, Geel General Hospital, Ziekenhuis Netwerk Kempen, Ziekenhuis Geel, JB Stessenstraat 2, 2440, Geel, Belgium.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.
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Van Dieren L, Amar JZ, Geurs N, Quisenaerts T, Gillet C, Delforge B, D'heysselaer LDC, Filip Thiessen EF, Cetrulo CL, Lellouch AG. Unveiling the power of convolutional neural networks in melanoma diagnosis. Eur J Dermatol 2023; 33:495-505. [PMID: 38297925 DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2023.4559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Convolutional neural networks are a type of deep learning algorithm. They are mostly applied in visual recognition and can be used for the identification of melanomas. Multiple studies have evaluated the performance of convolutional neural networks, and most algorithms match or even surpass the accuracy of dermatologists. However, only 23.8% of dermatologists have good or excellent knowledge of the topic. We believe that the lack of knowledge physicians experience regarding artificial intelligence is an obstacle to its clinical implementation. We describe how a convolutional neural network differentiates a benign from a malignant lesion. We systematically searched the Web of Science, Medline (PubMed), and The Cochrane Library on the 9th February, 2022. We focused on articles describing the role and use of artificial intelligence in melanoma recognition between 2017 and 2022, using the following MeSH terms: "melanoma," "diagnosis," and "artificial intelligence". Traditional machine learning algorithms comprise different parts which must preprocess, segment, extract features and classify the lesion into benign or malignant. Deep learning algorithms can perform these steps simultaneously, which significantly enhances efficiency. Convolutional neural networks include a convolutional layer, a pooling layer, and a fully connected layer. Convolutional and pooling layers extract features from the lesion and reduce computational power, whereas fully connected layers classify the image into two or more categories. Additionally, we suggest that further studies should be performed to accelerate the clinical implementation of artificial intelligence, to create comprehensive datasets and to generate explainable algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Van Dieren
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Z Amar
- Operations Research Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Naomi Geurs
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Tom Quisenaerts
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Clément Gillet
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benoit Delforge
- Faculty of Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - E F Filip Thiessen
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Curtis L Cetrulo
- Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexandre G Lellouch
- Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Becker BE, Becker W, Ricci A, Geurs N. A prospective clinical trial of endosseous screw-shaped implants placed at the time of tooth extraction without augmentation. J Periodontol 1998; 69:920-6. [PMID: 9736375 DOI: 10.1902/jop.1998.69.8.920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This prospective clinical trial evaluated 134 implants in 81 patients. The implants were placed at the time of tooth extraction and were not augmented with barrier membranes or graft materials. The implants were placed into good jaw bone anatomy and quality and were restored by dentists familiar with the implant system. Forty-seven implants were followed between 4 to 5 years with a cumulative success rate of 93.3%. Marginal bone levels were measured for 61 patients with 108 implants. The average mesial-distal measurements for maxillary implants at abutment connection were 1.02 mm (SD+/-0.59) and 1.36 mm (SD+/-0.78) at an average of 32 months follow-up. These differences were not significant. The average mandibular mesial-distal measurements at abutment connection were 1.05 mm (SD+/-0.92) and 1.54 mm (SD+/-0.91) at follow-up. These differences were statistically significant (P = 0.0027). Removal of one patient (5 implants) with advanced marginal bone loss from the data provided a marginal bone level of 1.20 mm (SD+/-0.94) at abutment connection and 1.30 mm (SD+/-0.87) at follow-up. These differences were not significant. The results of this study indicate that implants placed at the time of extraction without augmentation or grafting have excellent long-term cumulative success rates.
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