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Lai JD, Berlind JE, Fricklas G, Lie C, Urenda JP, Lam K, Sta Maria N, Jacobs R, Yu V, Zhao Z, Ichida JK. KCNJ2 inhibition mitigates mechanical injury in a human brain organoid model of traumatic brain injury. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:519-536.e8. [PMID: 38579683 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) strongly correlates with neurodegenerative disease. However, it remains unclear which neurodegenerative mechanisms are intrinsic to the brain and which strategies most potently mitigate these processes. We developed a high-intensity ultrasound platform to inflict mechanical injury to induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cortical organoids. Mechanically injured organoids elicit classic hallmarks of TBI, including neuronal death, tau phosphorylation, and TDP-43 nuclear egress. We found that deep-layer neurons were particularly vulnerable to injury and that TDP-43 proteinopathy promotes cell death. Injured organoids derived from C9ORF72 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD) patients displayed exacerbated TDP-43 dysfunction. Using genome-wide CRISPR interference screening, we identified a mechanosensory channel, KCNJ2, whose inhibition potently mitigated neurodegenerative processes in vitro and in vivo, including in C9ORF72 ALS/FTD organoids. Thus, targeting KCNJ2 may reduce acute neuronal death after brain injury, and we present a scalable, genetically flexible cerebral organoid model that may enable the identification of additional modifiers of mechanical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse D Lai
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA; Neurological & Rare Diseases, Dewpoint Therapeutics, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Joshua E Berlind
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gabriella Fricklas
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cecilia Lie
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jean-Paul Urenda
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kelsey Lam
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Naomi Sta Maria
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Russell Jacobs
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Violeta Yu
- Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA; Neurological & Rare Diseases, Dewpoint Therapeutics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Justin K Ichida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Wu Y, Wu H, Zeng J, Pluimer B, Dong S, Xie X, Guo X, Ge T, Liang X, Feng S, Yan Y, Chen JF, Maria NS, Ma Q, Gomez-Pinilla F, Zhao Z. Correction to: Mild traumatic brain injury induces microvascular injury and accelerates Alzheimer-like pathogenesis in mice. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:27. [PMID: 38360794 PMCID: PMC10870597 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01719-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxi Wu
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Haijian Wu
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianxiong Zeng
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brock Pluimer
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shirley Dong
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaochun Xie
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xinying Guo
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tenghuan Ge
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xinyan Liang
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sudi Feng
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Youzhen Yan
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jian-Fu Chen
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Naomi Sta Maria
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qingyi Ma
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 92350, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Fernando Gomez-Pinilla
- Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Wu Y, Wu H, Zeng J, Pluimer B, Dong S, Xie X, Guo X, Ge T, Liang X, Feng S, Yan Y, Chen JF, Sta Maria N, Ma Q, Gomez-Pinilla F, Zhao Z. Mild traumatic brain injury induces microvascular injury and accelerates Alzheimer-like pathogenesis in mice. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:74. [PMID: 33892818 PMCID: PMC8063402 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01178-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is considered as the most robust environmental risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Besides direct neuronal injury and neuroinflammation, vascular impairment is also a hallmark event of the pathological cascade after TBI. However, the vascular connection between TBI and subsequent AD pathogenesis remains underexplored. METHODS In a closed-head mild TBI (mTBI) model in mice with controlled cortical impact, we examined the time courses of microvascular injury, blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, gliosis and motor function impairment in wild type C57BL/6 mice. We also evaluated the BBB integrity, amyloid pathology as well as cognitive functions after mTBI in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD. RESULTS mTBI induced microvascular injury with BBB breakdown, pericyte loss, basement membrane alteration and cerebral blood flow reduction in mice, in which BBB breakdown preceded gliosis. More importantly, mTBI accelerated BBB leakage, amyloid pathology and cognitive impairment in the 5xFAD mice. DISCUSSION Our data demonstrated that microvascular injury plays a key role in the pathogenesis of AD after mTBI. Therefore, restoring vascular functions might be beneficial for patients with mTBI, and potentially reduce the risk of developing AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxi Wu
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Haijian Wu
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianxiong Zeng
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Brock Pluimer
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Shirley Dong
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Xiaochun Xie
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Xinying Guo
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Tenghuan Ge
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Xinyan Liang
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Sudi Feng
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Youzhen Yan
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jian-Fu Chen
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Naomi Sta Maria
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Qingyi Ma
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Fernando Gomez-Pinilla
- Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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Yu M, Ma L, Yuan Y, Ye X, Montagne A, He J, Ho TV, Wu Y, Zhao Z, Sta Maria N, Jacobs R, Urata M, Wang H, Zlokovic BV, Chen JF, Chai Y. Cranial Suture Regeneration Mitigates Skull and Neurocognitive Defects in Craniosynostosis. Cell 2021; 184:243-256.e18. [PMID: 33417861 PMCID: PMC7891303 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Craniosynostosis results from premature fusion of the cranial suture(s), which contain mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are crucial for calvarial expansion in coordination with brain growth. Infants with craniosynostosis have skull dysmorphology, increased intracranial pressure, and complications such as neurocognitive impairment that compromise quality of life. Animal models recapitulating these phenotypes are lacking, hampering development of urgently needed innovative therapies. Here, we show that Twist1+/- mice with craniosynostosis have increased intracranial pressure and neurocognitive behavioral abnormalities, recapitulating features of human Saethre-Chotzen syndrome. Using a biodegradable material combined with MSCs, we successfully regenerated a functional cranial suture that corrects skull deformity, normalizes intracranial pressure, and rescues neurocognitive behavior deficits. The regenerated suture creates a niche into which endogenous MSCs migrated, sustaining calvarial bone homeostasis and repair. MSC-based cranial suture regeneration offers a paradigm shift in treatment to reverse skull and neurocognitive abnormalities in this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Yu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Li Ma
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Xin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Axel Montagne
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jinzhi He
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Thach-Vu Ho
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yingxi Wu
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Naomi Sta Maria
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Russell Jacobs
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Mark Urata
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Huiming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Berislav V Zlokovic
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jian-Fu Chen
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND It is not readily obvious whether an intravascular bubble will grow or shrink in a particular tissue bed. This depends on the constituent gases initially present in the bubble, the surrounding tissue, and the delivered gas admixture. The authors used a computational model based on the physics of gas exchange to predict cerebrovascular embolism behavior during xenon anesthesia. METHODS The authors estimated values of gas transport parameters missing from the literature. The computational model was used with those parameters to predict bubble size over time for a range of temperatures (18 degrees -39 degrees C) used during extracorporeal circulation. RESULTS Bubble size over time is highly nonlinearly dependent on multiple factors, including diffusivity, solubility, gas partial pressures, magnitude of concentration gradients, vessel diameter, and temperature. Xenon- and oxygen-containing bubbles continue to grow during xenon delivery. Bubble volume doubles from 50 to 100 nl in approximately 3-68 min, depending on initial gas composition and bubble shape. Bubble growth and reabsorption are relatively insensitive to temperature in the physiologic and surgical range. CONCLUSIONS Xenon anesthesia results in gas exchange conditions that favor bubble growth, which may worsen neurologic injury from gas embolism. The concentration gradients can be manipulated by discontinuation of xenon delivery to promote reabsorption of xenon-containing bubbles. Estimated growth and reabsorption rates at normothermia can be applied to temperature extremes of cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Sta Maria
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Univeristy of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, USA
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