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Nahirñak V, Almasia NI, Lia VV, Hopp HE, Vazquez Rovere C. Unveiling the defensive role of Snakin-3, a member of the subfamily III of Snakin/GASA peptides in potatoes. Plant Cell Rep 2024; 43:47. [PMID: 38302779 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03108-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The first in-depth characterization of a subfamily III Snakin/GASA member was performed providing experimental evidence on promoter activity and subcellular localization and unveiling a role of potato Snakin-3 in defense Snakin/GASA proteins share 12 cysteines in conserved positions in the C-terminal region. Most of them were involved in different aspects of plant growth and development, while a small number of these peptides were reported to have antimicrobial activity or participate in abiotic stress tolerance. In potato, 18 Snakin/GASA genes were identified and classified into three groups based on phylogenetic analysis. Snakin-1 and Snakin-2 are members of subfamilies I and II, respectively, and were reported to be implicated not only in defense against pathogens but also in plant development. In this work, we present the first in-depth characterization of Snakin-3, a member of the subfamily III within the Snakin/GASA gene family of potato. Transient co-expression of Snakin-3 fused to the green fluorescent protein and organelle markers revealed that it is located in the endoplasmic reticulum. Furthermore, expression analyses via pSnakin-3::GUS transgenic plants showed GUS staining mainly in roots and vascular tissues of the stem. Moreover, GUS expression levels were increased after inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci or Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum and also after auxin treatment mainly in roots and stems. To gain further insights into the function of Snakin-3 in planta, potato overexpressing lines were challenged against P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum showing enhanced tolerance to this bacterial pathogen. In sum, here we report the first functional characterization of a Snakin/GASA gene from subfamily III in Solanaceae. Our findings provide experimental evidence on promoter activity and subcellular localization and reveal a role of potato Snakin-3 in plant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Nahirñak
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Los Reseros y Nicolas Repetto, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Natalia Inés Almasia
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Los Reseros y Nicolas Repetto, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Verónica Viviana Lia
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Los Reseros y Nicolas Repetto, Hurlingham, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Horacio Esteban Hopp
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Los Reseros y Nicolas Repetto, Hurlingham, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Vazquez Rovere
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Los Reseros y Nicolas Repetto, Hurlingham, Argentina.
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Conti G, Gardella V, Vandecaveye MA, Gomez CA, Joris G, Hauteville C, Burdyn L, Almasia NI, Nahirñak V, Vazquez-Rovere C, Gochez AM, Furman N, Lezcano CC, Kobayashi K, García ML, Canteros BI, Hopp HE, Reyes CA. Transgenic Citrange troyer rootstocks overexpressing antimicrobial potato Snakin-1 show reduced citrus canker disease symptoms. J Biotechnol 2020; 324:99-102. [PMID: 32998033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Citrus canker is a major disease caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. citri. Snakin-1 is an antimicrobial peptide, which was previously shown to be effective against different bacterial and fungal diseases in potato, wheat and lettuce when expressed in transgenic plants. We generated transgenic Citrange Troyer citrus rootstocks constitutively expressing this peptide and 5 different transgenic lines were challenged against virulent X. citri isolates. Challenge assays conducted in vitro using detached leaves and in planta by infiltration revealed a significant reduction of the number and size of canker lesions in some of the transgenic lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Conti
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABiMo), INTA-CONICET, Instituto de Biotecnología CICVyA-INTA, Hurlingham, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cátedra de Genética, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - V Gardella
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, CCT-La Plata, CONICET - UNLP, La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M A Vandecaveye
- EEA Bella Vista, INTA, Bella Vista, Provincia de Corrientes, Argentina
| | - C A Gomez
- EEA Concordia, INTA, Concordia, Provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | - G Joris
- EEA Concordia, INTA, Concordia, Provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | - C Hauteville
- EEA Concordia, INTA, Concordia, Provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | - L Burdyn
- EEA Concordia, INTA, Concordia, Provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | - N I Almasia
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABiMo), INTA-CONICET, Instituto de Biotecnología CICVyA-INTA, Hurlingham, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - V Nahirñak
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABiMo), INTA-CONICET, Instituto de Biotecnología CICVyA-INTA, Hurlingham, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Vazquez-Rovere
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABiMo), INTA-CONICET, Instituto de Biotecnología CICVyA-INTA, Hurlingham, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A M Gochez
- EEA Bella Vista, INTA, Bella Vista, Provincia de Corrientes, Argentina
| | - N Furman
- Laboratorio de Agrobiotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (FBMC), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA, CONICET-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C C Lezcano
- EEA Bella Vista, INTA, Bella Vista, Provincia de Corrientes, Argentina
| | - K Kobayashi
- Laboratorio de Agrobiotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (FBMC), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA, CONICET-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M L García
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, CCT-La Plata, CONICET - UNLP, La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - B I Canteros
- EEA Bella Vista, INTA, Bella Vista, Provincia de Corrientes, Argentina
| | - H E Hopp
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABiMo), INTA-CONICET, Instituto de Biotecnología CICVyA-INTA, Hurlingham, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Agrobiotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (FBMC), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C A Reyes
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, CCT-La Plata, CONICET - UNLP, La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Almasia NI, Nahirñak V, Hopp HE, Vazquez-Rovere C. Potato Snakin-1: an antimicrobial player of the trade-off between host defense and development. Plant Cell Rep 2020; 39:839-849. [PMID: 32529484 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02557-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Snakin-1 (SN1) from potato is a cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptide with high evolutionary conservation. It has 63 amino acid residues, 12 of which are cysteines capable of forming six disulfide bonds. SN1 localizes in the plasma membrane, and it is present mainly in tissues associated with active growth and cell division. SN1 is active in vitro against bacteria, fungus, yeasts, and even animal/human pathogens. It was demonstrated that it also confers in vivo protection against commercially relevant pathogens in overexpressing potato, wheat, and lettuce plants. Although researchers have demonstrated SN1 can disrupt the membranes of E. coli, its integral antimicrobial mechanism remains unknown. It is likely that broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity is a combined outcome of membrane disruption and inhibition of intracellular functions. Besides, in potato, partial SN1 silencing affects cell division, leaf metabolism, and cell wall composition, thus revealing additional roles in growth and development. Its silencing also affects reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS scavenger levels. This finding indicates its participation in redox balance. Moreover, SN1 alters hormone levels, suggesting its involvement in the complex hormonal crosstalk. Altogether, SN1 has the potential to integrate development and defense signals directly and/or indirectly by modulating protein activity, modifying hormone balance and/or participating in redox regulation. Evidence supports a paramount role to SN1 in the mechanism underlying growth and immunity balance. Furthermore, SN1 may be a promising candidate in preservation, and pharmaceutical or agricultural biotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Inés Almasia
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Los Reseros y Nicolas Repetto, Hurlingham, Argentina.
| | - Vanesa Nahirñak
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Los Reseros y Nicolas Repetto, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - H Esteban Hopp
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Los Reseros y Nicolas Repetto, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Vazquez-Rovere
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Los Reseros y Nicolas Repetto, Hurlingham, Argentina
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Nahirñak V, Rivarola M, Almasia NI, Barrios Barón MP, Hopp HE, Vile D, Paniego N, Vazquez Rovere C. Snakin-1 affects reactive oxygen species and ascorbic acid levels and hormone balance in potato. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214165. [PMID: 30909287 PMCID: PMC6433472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Snakin-1 is a member of the Solanum tuberosum Snakin/GASA family. We previously demonstrated that Snakin-1 is involved in plant defense to pathogens as well as in plant growth and development, but its mechanism of action has not been completely elucidated yet. Here, we showed that leaves of Snakin-1 silenced potato transgenic plants exhibited increased levels of reactive oxygen species and significantly reduced content of ascorbic acid. Furthermore, Snakin-1 silencing enhanced salicylic acid content in accordance with an increased expression of SA-inducible PRs genes. Interestingly, gibberellic acid levels were also enhanced and transcriptome analysis revealed that a large number of genes related to sterol biosynthesis were downregulated in these silenced lines. Moreover, we demonstrated that Snakin-1 directly interacts with StDIM/DWF1, an enzyme involved in plant sterols biosynthesis. Additionally, the analysis of the expression pattern of PStSN1::GUS in potato showed that Snakin-1 is present mainly in young tissues associated with active growth and cell division zones. Our comprehensive analysis of Snakin-1 silenced lines demonstrated for the first time in potato that Snakin-1 plays a role in redox balance and participates in a complex crosstalk among different hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Nahirñak
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, CNIA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Máximo Rivarola
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, CNIA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Inés Almasia
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, CNIA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Horacio Esteban Hopp
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, CNIA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Denis Vile
- LEPSE, Univ Montpellier, INRA, SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Norma Paniego
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, CNIA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Vazquez Rovere
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, CNIA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- INTA LABINTEX Agropolis International, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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5
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Almasia NI, Molinari MP, Maroniche GA, Nahirñak V, Barrios Barón MP, Taboga OA, Vazquez Rovere C. Successful production of the potato antimicrobial peptide Snakin-1 in baculovirus-infected insect cells and development of specific antibodies. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:75. [PMID: 29121909 PMCID: PMC5679188 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0401-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Snakin-1 (StSN1) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial cysteine-rich peptide isolated from Solanum tuberosum. Its biotechnological potential has been already recognized since it exhibits in vivo antifungal and antibacterial activity. Most attempts to produce StSN1, or homologous peptides, in a soluble native state using bacterial, yeast or synthetic expression systems have presented production bottlenecks such as insolubility, misfolding or low yields. Results In this work, we successfully expressed a recombinant StSN1 (rSN1) in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) insect cells by optimizing several of the parameters for its expression in the baculovirus expression system. The recombinant peptide lacking its putative signal peptide was soluble and was present in the nuclear fraction of infected Sf9 cells. An optimized purification procedure allowed the production of rSN1 that was used for immunization of mice, which gave rise to polyclonal antibodies that detect the native protein in tissue extracts of both agroinfiltrated plants and stable transgenic lines. Our results demonstrated that this system circumvents all the difficulties associated with recombinant antimicrobial peptides expression in other heterologous systems. Conclusions The present study is the first report of a successful protocol to produce a soluble Snakin/GASA peptide in baculovirus-infected insect cells. Our work demonstrates that the nuclear localization of rSN1 in insect cells can be exploited for its large-scale production and subsequent generation of specific anti-rSN1 antibodies. We suggest the use of the baculovirus system for high-level expression of Snakin/GASA peptides, for biological assays, structural and functional analysis and antibody production, as an important step to both elucidate their accurate physiological role and to deepen the study of their biotechnological uses. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12896-017-0401-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Inés Almasia
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Repetto y De Los Reseros s/n, CP 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María Paula Molinari
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Repetto y De Los Reseros s/n, CP 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Andrés Maroniche
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Repetto y De Los Reseros s/n, CP 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), km73,5 route 226, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Vanesa Nahirñak
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Repetto y De Los Reseros s/n, CP 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Pilar Barrios Barón
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Repetto y De Los Reseros s/n, CP 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar Alberto Taboga
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Repetto y De Los Reseros s/n, CP 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Vazquez Rovere
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Repetto y De Los Reseros s/n, CP 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina.,LABINTEX-INTA, Agropolis Fondation, Montpellier, France
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Beracochea VC, Almasia NI, Peluffo L, Nahirñak V, Hopp EH, Paniego N, Heinz RA, Vazquez-Rovere C, Lia VV. Sunflower germin-like protein HaGLP1 promotes ROS accumulation and enhances protection against fungal pathogens in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Rep 2015; 34:1717-33. [PMID: 26070410 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1819-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The novel sunflower gene HaGLP1 is the first germin-like protein characterized from the family Asteraceae. It alters the host redox status and confers protection against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani. Germin-like proteins (GLPs) are a large, diverse and ubiquitous family of plant glycoproteins belonging to the Cupin super family. These proteins have been widely studied because of their diverse roles in important plant processes, including defence. The novel sunflower gene HaGLP1 encodes the first germin-like protein characterized from the family Asteraceae. To analyse whether constitutive in vivo expression of the HaGLP1 gene may lead to disease tolerance, we developed transgenic Arabidopsis plants that were molecularly characterized and biologically assessed after inoculation with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum or Rhizoctonia solani. HaGLP1 expression in Arabidopsis plants conferred tolerance to S. sclerotiorum at the first stages of disease and interfered with R. solani infection, thus giving rise to significant protection against the latter. Furthermore, HaGLP1 expression in Arabidopsis plants elevated endogenous ROS levels. HaGLP1-induced tolerance does not appear to be related to a constitutive induction of the plant defence or the ROS-related genes examined here. In conclusion, our data suggest that HaGLP1 is an interesting candidate for the engineering of plants with increased fungal tolerance and that this gene could also be useful for the selection of naturally overexpressing sunflower genotypes for conventional breeding purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V C Beracochea
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N I Almasia
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Peluffo
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - V Nahirñak
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E H Hopp
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, (EHA1428), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N Paniego
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917 (C1033AAJ), Ciudad Autónoma De Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R A Heinz
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, (EHA1428), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917 (C1033AAJ), Ciudad Autónoma De Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Vazquez-Rovere
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917 (C1033AAJ), Ciudad Autónoma De Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - V V Lia
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, (EHA1428), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917 (C1033AAJ), Ciudad Autónoma De Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Nahirñak V, Almasia NI, Hopp HE, Vazquez-Rovere C. Snakin/GASA proteins: involvement in hormone crosstalk and redox homeostasis. Plant Signal Behav 2012; 7:1004-8. [PMID: 22836500 PMCID: PMC3474668 DOI: 10.4161/psb.20813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Snakin/GASA proteins are widely distributed among plant species. They are expressed in different plant organs with high tissue and temporal specificity, and their subcellular localization varies among the different members. Interestingly, all of them maintain 12 cysteines of the C-terminus in highly conserved positions of the aminoacid sequences that are essential for their biochemical activity and probably responsible for their protein structure. Despite their common features, their functions are not completely elucidated and little is known about their mode of action. This review focuses on the current knowledge about this intriguing family of peptides and advances comprising gene regulation analyses, expression pattern studies and phenotypic characterization of mutants and transgenic plants. Furthermore, we discuss the roles of Snakin/GASA proteins in several aspects of plant development, plant responses to biotic or abiotic stress and their participation in hormone crosstalk and redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Nahirñak
- Instituto de Biotecnología; CICVyA; CNIA; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA); Repetto y De Los Reseros s/n; CP 1686, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Inés Almasia
- Instituto de Biotecnología; CICVyA; CNIA; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA); Repetto y De Los Reseros s/n; CP 1686; Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Horacio Esteban Hopp
- Instituto de Biotecnología; CICVyA; CNIA; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA); Repetto y De Los Reseros s/n; CP 1686; Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Vazquez-Rovere
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biotecnología; CICVyA; CNIA; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA); Repetto y De Los Reseros s/n; CP 1686; Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Correspondence to: Cecilia Vazquez-Rovere,
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Nahirñak V, Almasia NI, Fernandez PV, Hopp HE, Estevez JM, Carrari F, Vazquez-Rovere C. Potato snakin-1 gene silencing affects cell division, primary metabolism, and cell wall composition. Plant Physiol 2012; 158:252-63. [PMID: 22080603 PMCID: PMC3252113 DOI: 10.1104/pp.111.186544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Snakin-1 (SN1) is an antimicrobial cysteine-rich peptide isolated from potato (Solanum tuberosum) that was classified as a member of the Snakin/Gibberellic Acid Stimulated in Arabidopsis protein family. In this work, a transgenic approach was used to study the role of SN1 in planta. Even when overexpressing SN1, potato lines did not show remarkable morphological differences from the wild type; SN1 silencing resulted in reduced height, which was accompanied by an overall reduction in leaf size and severe alterations of leaf shape. Analysis of the adaxial epidermis of mature leaves revealed that silenced lines had 70% to 90% increases in mean cell size with respect to wild-type leaves. Consequently, the number of epidermal cells was significantly reduced in these lines. Confocal microscopy analysis after agroinfiltration of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves showed that SN1-green fluorescent protein fusion protein was localized in plasma membrane, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays revealed that SN1 self-interacted in vivo. We further focused our study on leaf metabolism by applying a combination of gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and spectrophotometric techniques. These targeted analyses allowed a detailed examination of the changes occurring in 46 intermediate compounds from primary metabolic pathways and in seven cell wall constituents. We demonstrated that SN1 silencing affects cell division, leaf primary metabolism, and cell wall composition in potato plants, suggesting that SN1 has additional roles in growth and development beyond its previously assigned role in plant defense.
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