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Intirach J, Lv X, Sutthanont N, Cai B, Champakaew D, Chen T, Han Q, Lv Z. Molecular and next-generation sequencing analysis of tick-borne pathogens of Rhipicephalus ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in cattle and dogs. Acta Trop 2024; 252:107138. [PMID: 38307363 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Ticks are small and adaptable arachnid ectoparasites and global carriers of various pathogens that threaten both human and animal health. They are present in many parts of China. A total of 858 ticks were collected from various regions and hosts, then subjected to species identification based on morphological and molecular characteristics, as described in the authors' previous study. Eighty-three individual tick samples were selected for screening pathogens based on metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. The genomic DNA of tick species was extracted, and amplification of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was carried out from DNA of individual ticks using V3-V4 hypervariable regions, before subjecting to metagenomic analysis. Each tick underwent specific PCR tests for identifying the bacterial species present, including Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Coxiella, and Rickettsia, and also protozoans such as Babesia, Theileria, and Hepatozoon. Illumina NovaSeq sequencing results revealed that the dominant phylum and family in Rhipicephalus spp. were Bacteroidota and Muribaculaceae, respectively. Alpha diversity patterns varied depending on tick sex (R. linnaei only), species and location, but not on host. Furthermore, bacterial pathogens, including A. marginale (58 %, 29/50), A. platys (6 %, 3/50), E. minasensis (2 %, 1/50), Ehrlichia sp. (10 %, 5/50), T. sinensis (24 %, 12/50), T. orientalis (54 %, 27/50) and Coxiella-like bacteria (CLB) (80 %, 40/50) were detected in R. microplus, while E. canis (33.33 %, 10/30), H. canis (20 %, 6/30) and CLB (100 %, 30/30) were detected in R. linnaei. Also, Anaplasma sp. (33.33 %, 1/3), A. marginale (33.33 %, 1/3), R. felis (33.33 %, 1/3) and CLB (100 %, 3/3) were detected in R. haemaphysaloides. Dual and triple co-infections involving pathogens or CLB were detected in 84.00 % of R. microplus, 66.66 % of R. haemaphysaloides, and 33.00 % of R. linnaei. The report on microbial communities and pathogens, which found from Rhipicephalus spp. in Hainan Island, is an important step towards a better understanding of tick-borne disease transmission. This is the first report in the area on the presence of Anaplasma sp., A. marginale, R. felis and Coxiella, in R. haemaphysaloides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitrawadee Intirach
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China; Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, China; Hainan Tropical Diseases Research Center (Hainan Sub-Center, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Xin Lv
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Nataya Sutthanont
- Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Benchi Cai
- Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, China
| | - Danita Champakaew
- Parasitology and Entomology Research Cluster (PERC), Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Tao Chen
- Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, China; Hainan Provincial Bureau of Disease Prevention and Control, Haikou 570100, China.
| | - Qian Han
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.
| | - Zhiyue Lv
- Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, China; Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
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Phumee A, Chitcharoen S, Sutthanont N, Intayot P, Wacharapluesadee S, Siriyasatien P. Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analyses of Asian lineage Zika virus whole genome sequences derived from Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes and urine of patients during the 2020 epidemic in Thailand. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18470. [PMID: 37891235 PMCID: PMC10611781 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45814-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, has been continually emerging and re-emerging since 2010, with sporadic cases reported annually in Thailand, peaking at over 1000 confirmed positive cases in 2016. Leveraging high-throughput sequencing technologies, specifically whole genome sequencing (WGS), has facilitated rapid pathogen genome sequencing. In this study, we used multiplex amplicon sequencing on the Illumina Miseq instrument to describe ZIKV WGS. Six ZIKV WGS were derived from three samples of field-caught Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes (two males and one female) and three urine samples collected from patients in three different provinces of Thailand. Additionally, successful isolation of a ZIKV isolate occurred from a female Cx. quinquefasciatus. The WGS analysis revealed a correlation between the 2020 outbreak and the acquisition of five amino acid changes in the Asian lineage ZIKV strains from Thailand (2006), Cambodia (2010 and 2019), and the Philippines (2012). These changes, including C-T106A, prM-V1A, E-V473M, NS1-A188V, and NS5-M872V, were identified in all seven WGS, previously linked to significantly higher mortality rates. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis indicated that the seven ZIKV sequences belonged to the Asian lineage. Notably, the genomic region of the E gene showed the highest nucleotide diversity (0.7-1.3%). This data holds significance in informing the development of molecular tools that enhance our understanding of virus patterns and evolution. Moreover, it may identify targets for improved methods to prevent and control future ZIKV outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atchara Phumee
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Excellent Center for Dengue and Community Public Health (EC for DACH), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Suwalak Chitcharoen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Nataya Sutthanont
- Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Proawpilart Intayot
- Pharmaceutical Ingredient and Medical Device Research Division, Research Development and Innovation Department, The Government Pharmaceutical Organization, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supaporn Wacharapluesadee
- Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Padet Siriyasatien
- Center of Excellence in Vector Biology and Vector Borne Diseases, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Siriyasatien P, Wacharapluesadee S, Kraivichian K, Suwanbamrung C, Sutthanont N, Cantos-Barreda A, Phumee A. Development and evaluation of a visible reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) for the detection of Asian lineage ZIKV in field-caught mosquitoes. Acta Trop 2022; 236:106691. [PMID: 36103950 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is an emerging and re-emerging arbovirus infection that is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes. Early detection of ZIKV in mosquitoes is one of the prerequisite approaches for tracking the spread of the virus. Therefore, this study aims to develop and validate a visual reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) method called ZIKV-RT-LAMP, for detecting ZIKV in field collected mosquito samples from Thailand. A single-tube ZIKV-RT-LAMP assay was developed to detect Asian lineage ZIKV RNA. The detection limit and cross-reactivity of ZIKV were investigated. The hemi-nested RT-PCR (hn-RT-PCR) and the colorimetric LAMP kit (cLAMP kit) were performed as reference assays. The detection limit of the ZIKV-RT-LAMP assay was 10-6 ffu/ml or pfu/ml, making it highly specific and 100 times more sensitive than the hn-RT-PCR and cLAMP kits. The ZIKV-RT-LAMP assay detected the Asian lineage of ZIKV RNA without cross-reactivity with other arthropod-borne viruses. The sensitivity and specificity of the ZIKV-RT-LAMP assay were 92.31% and 100%, respectively. The ZIKV-RT-LAMP is a simple, rapid, and inexpensive method for detecting ZIKV in field-caught mosquitos. In the future, extensive surveys of field-caught mosquito populations should be conducted. Early detection of ZIKV in field-caught mosquitoes provides for prompt and effective implementation of mosquito control strategies in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padet Siriyasatien
- Center of Excellence in Vector Biology and Vector Borne Diseases, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Supaporn Wacharapluesadee
- Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Centre, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kanyarat Kraivichian
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Charuai Suwanbamrung
- School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand; Excellent Center for Dengue and Community Public Health (EC for DACH), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Nataya Sutthanont
- Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Ana Cantos-Barreda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain
| | - Atchara Phumee
- Excellent Center for Dengue and Community Public Health (EC for DACH), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
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Chaiyong S, Sutthanont N, Menakongka A. Evaluation of In Vitro Cytotoxic Property Against Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Line and GC/MS Analysis from Leaf of Erythrophleum succirubrum Gagnep. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:3187-3194. [PMID: 36172683 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.9.3187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plants are valuable sources of new pharmaceuticals. Secondary metabolites of the genus Erythrophleum exhibit cytotoxicity and may have therapeutic value. The cytotoxic activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Erythrophleum succirubrum Gagnep. against a human cholangiocarcinoma cell line was assessed. METHODS Crude extract of E. succirubrum was prepared by ethanol extraction. The ethanolic leaf extract of E. succirubrum was evaluated for cytotoxicity against the human cholangiocarcinoma cell line KKU-M213 using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. The chemical composition of E. succirubrum leaf extract was analyzed using GC/MS. RESULT The ethanolic leaf extract of E. succirubrum reduced the viability of KKU-M213 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. It showed high cytotoxicity, with IC50 values of 65.22 ± 1.18 µg/mL and 1.19 ± 1.38 µg/mL at exposure times of 24 and 96 h, respectively. GC/MS analysis of the ethanolic leaf extract of E. succirubrum identified 22 components. The main constituents identified were Cyclohexanone, 2-[2-nitro-1-(2-naphthyl)ethyl]-(14.79%) followed by allomycin (14.65%), mome inositol (14.30%), campesterol (11.80%) and ethyl linolenate (10.83%), respectively. CONCLUSION Five major groups of compounds were found, with lipids dominating, followed by carbohydrates, benzenoids, phenylpropanoids, polyketides and organoheterocyclic compounds. Many of the bioactive components discovered in the ethanolic leaf extract of E. succirubrum might be responsible for its cytotoxic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanda Chaiyong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chandrakasem Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Nataya Sutthanont
- Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Apaporn Menakongka
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
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Charuchaibovorn S, Sanprasert V, Sutthanont N, Hu Y, Abraham A, Ostroff GR, Aroian RV, Jaleta TG, Lok JB, Nuchprayoon S. Bacillus thuringiensis Cry5B is Active against Strongyloides stercoralis in vitro. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 101:1177-1182. [PMID: 31516117 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Strongyloidiasis, caused by Strongyloides stercoralis infection, is an important neglected tropical disease that causes significant public health problems in the tropics and subtropics. The disease can persist in hosts for decades and may be life-threatening because of hyperinfection and dissemination. Ivermectin (mostly) and albendazole are the most common anthelmintics used for treatment. Albendazole is suboptimal for this parasite, and although ivermectin is quite effective in immunocompromised patients, a multiple-course regimen is required. Furthermore, reliance on a single drug class for treating intestinal nematodes is a recipe for future failure. Therefore, it is important to discover new anthelmintics to treat or prevent human strongyloidiasis. One promising candidate is the Bacillus thuringiensis crystal protein Cry5B. Cry5B is highly potent against parasitic nematodes, for example, hookworms and Ascaris suum. Here, we investigated the potential of Cry5B against S. stercoralis. Multiple stages of S. stercoralis, including the first larval stage (L1s), infective stage (iL3s), free-living adult stage, and parasitic female stage, were all susceptible to Cry5B as indicated by impairment of motility and decreased viability in vitro. In summary, Cry5B demonstrated strong potential as an effective anthelmintic for treatment and transmission control of human strongyloidiasis, justifying further experiments to investigate in vivo therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Charuchaibovorn
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research (SiSCR), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Lymphatic Filariasis and Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Chulalongkorn Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vivornpun Sanprasert
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Lymphatic Filariasis and Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Chulalongkorn Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nataya Sutthanont
- Lymphatic Filariasis and Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Chulalongkorn Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yan Hu
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts.,Biology Department, Worcester State University, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Ambily Abraham
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Gary R Ostroff
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Raffi V Aroian
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Tegegn G Jaleta
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - James B Lok
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Surang Nuchprayoon
- Lymphatic Filariasis and Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Chulalongkorn Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Sutthanont N, Choochote W, Tuetun B, Junkum A, Jitpakdi A, Chaithong U, Riyong D, Pitasawat B. Chemical composition and larvicidal activity of edible plant-derived essential oils against the pyrethroid-susceptible and -resistant strains of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). J Vector Ecol 2010; 35:106-115. [PMID: 20618656 DOI: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2010.00036.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The chemical compositions and larvicidal potential against mosquito vectors of selected essential oils obtained from five edible plants were investigated in this study. Using a GC/MS, 24, 17, 20, 21, and 12 compounds were determined from essential oils of Citrus hystrix, Citrus reticulata, Zingiber zerumbet, Kaempferia galanga, and Syzygium aromaticum, respectively. The principal constituents found in peel oil of C. hystrix were beta-pinene (22.54%) and d-limonene (22.03%), followed by terpinene-4-ol (17.37%). Compounds in C. reticulata peel oil consisted mostly of d-limonene (62.39%) and gamma-terpinene (14.06%). The oils obtained from Z. zerumbet rhizome had alpha-humulene (31.93%) and zerumbone (31.67%) as major components. The most abundant compounds in K. galanga rhizome oil were 2-propeonic acid (35.54%), pentadecane (26.08%), and ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate (25.96%). The main component of S. aromaticum bud oil was eugenol (77.37%), with minor amounts of trans-caryophyllene (13.66%). Assessment of larvicidal efficacy demonstrated that all essential oils were toxic against both pyrethroid-susceptible and resistant Ae. aegypti laboratory strains at LC50, LC95, and LC99 levels. In conclusion, we have documented the promising larvicidal potential of essential oils from edible herbs, which could be considered as a potentially alternative source for developing novel larvicides to be used in controlling vectors of mosquito-borne disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataya Sutthanont
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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