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Munir R, Yasin MU, Afzal M, Jan M, Muhammad S, Jan N, Nana C, Munir F, Iqbal H, Tawab F, Gan Y. Melatonin alleviated cadmium accumulation and toxicity by modulating phytohormonal balance and antioxidant metabolism in rice. Chemosphere 2024; 346:140590. [PMID: 37914045 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination is an eminent dilemma that jeopardizes global food safety and security, especially through its phytotoxicity in rice; one of the most edible crops. Melatonin (MET) has emerged as a protective phytohormone in stress conditions, but the defensive role and underlying mechanisms of MET against Cd toxicity in rice still remain unclear. To fulfill this knowledge gap, the present study is to uncover the key mechanisms for MET-mediated Cd-stress tolerance in rice. Cd toxicity significantly reduced growth by hindering the process of photosynthesis, cellular redox homeostasis, phytohormonal imbalance, and ultrastructural damages. Contrarily, MET supplementation considerably improved growth attributes, photosynthetic efficiency, and cellular ultrastructure as measured by gas exchange elements, chlorophyll content, reduced Cd accumulation, and ultrastructural analysis via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). MET treatment significantly reduced Cd accumulation (39.25%/31.58%), MDA (25.87%/19.45%), H2O2 (17.93%/9.56%), and O2 (29.11%/27.14%) levels in shoot/root tissues, respectively, when compared with Cd treatment. More importantly, MET manifested association with stress responsive phytohormones (ABA and IAA) and boosted the defense mechanisms of plant by enhancing the activities of ROS-scavenging antioxidant enzymes (SOD; superoxide dismutase, POD; peroxidase, CAT; catalase, APX; ascorbate peroxidase) and as well as regulating the key stress-responsive genes (OsSOD1, OsPOD1, OsCAT2, OsAPX1), thereby reinstate cellular membrane integrity and confer tolerance to ultrastructural damages under Cd-induced phytotoxicity. Overall, our findings emphasized the potential of MET as a long-term and cost-effective approach to Cd remediation in paddy soils, which can pave the way for a healthier and more environmentally conscious agricultural sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheel Munir
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Umair Yasin
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mehmood Jan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sajid Muhammad
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Nazia Jan
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Nana
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Faisal Munir
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan
| | - Hamza Iqbal
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Tawab
- Department of Botany, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Yinbo Gan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Munir R, Jan M, Muhammad S, Afzal M, Jan N, Yasin MU, Munir I, Iqbal A, Yang S, Zhou W, Gan Y. Detrimental effects of Cd and temperature on rice and functions of microbial community in paddy soils. Environ Pollut 2023; 324:121371. [PMID: 36878274 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) contamination and high environmental temperature (HT) are caused by anthropogenic activities that negatively impact soil microbial communities and agricultural productivity. Although HM contaminations have deleterious effects on microbes and plants; there are hardly any reports on the combined effects of HM and HT. Here, we reported that HT coupled with cadmium (Cd) accumulation in soil and irrigated water could seriously affect crop growth and productivity, alternatively influencing the microbial community and nutrient cycles of paddy soils in rice fields. We analyzed different mechanisms of plants and microflora in the rhizospheric region, such as plant rhizospheric nitrification, endophytes colonization, nutrient uptake, and physiology of temperature-sensitive (IR64) and temperature-resistant Huanghuazhan (HZ) rice cultivars against different Cd levels (2, 5 and 10 mg kg-1) with rice plants grown under 25 °C and 40 °C temperatures. Consequently, an increment in Cd accumulation was observed with rising temperature leading to enhanced expression of OsNTRs. In contrast, a greater decline in the microbial community was detected in IR64 cultivar than HZ. Similarly, ammonium oxidation, root-IAA, shoot-ABA production, and 16S rRNA gene abundance in the rhizosphere and endosphere were significantly influenced by HT and Cd levels, resulting in a significant decrease in the colonization of endophytes and the surface area of roots, leading to a decreased N uptake from the soil. Overall, the outcomes of this study unveiled the novel effects of Cd, temperature, and their combined effect on rice growth and functions of the microbial community. These results provide effective strategies to overcome Cd-phytotoxicity on the health of endophytes and rhizospheric bacteria in Cd-contaminated soil by using temperature-tolerant rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheel Munir
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mehmood Jan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sajid Muhammad
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environment and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Nazia Jan
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Umair Yasin
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Iqbal Munir
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan
| | - Aqib Iqbal
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan
| | - Shuaiqi Yang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yinbo Gan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Wang S, Mahon R, Weiss E, Jan N, Taylor R, McDonagh P, Quinn B, Yuan L. Automated Lung Cancer Segmentation Using a Dual-Modality Deep Learning Network with PET and CT Images. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.2194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jan N, Mukhopadhyay N, Weiss E. Target Volume Definition for Radiotherapy of Staple Line Recurrences of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mahon R, Jan N, Hugo G, Muscu S, Weiss E. Accuracy of Deformable Image Registration for Reirradiation of Lung Cancer Following Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Weiss E, Jan N. Recurrence Pattern after SBRT for Stage I Lung Cancer – Impact on Patient Outcome. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Jan N, Guy C, Reshko L, Hugo G, Weiss E. Heart Volume and Dosimetric Variability during Radiation Treatment of Non–small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kalman N, Hugo G, Kahn J, Zhao S, Jan N, Mahon R, Weiss E. Interobserver Reliability in Describing Radiographic Lung Changes After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Altenburg TM, Singh AS, Te Velde S, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Lien N, Bere E, Molnár D, Jan N, Fernández-Alvira JM, Manios Y, Bringolf-Isler B, Brug J, Chinapaw MJ. Actual and perceived weight status and its association with slimming and energy-balance related behaviours in 10- to 12-year-old European children: the ENERGY-project. Pediatr Obes 2017; 12:137-145. [PMID: 26916601 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both parents' and children's perception of children's weight status may be important predictors of slimming and energy-balance related behaviours, independent of children's actual weight status. OBJECTIVES We examined the cross-sectional association of children's self-reported slimming and energy-balance related behaviours with children's (i) actual, (ii) self-perceived and (iii) parent-perceived weight status. METHODS Data of 10- to 12-year-old European children and their parents were used. Multilevel logistic and linear regression analyses were performed, adjusting for age, gender, parental weight controlling behaviours, education, marital status and ethnicity. RESULTS Independent of their actual weight status, a higher proportion of children reported slimming when they or their parents perceived them as too fat. Children's self-perceived weight status was more strongly associated with slimming than their parents' perception or their actual weight status. Moreover, children who perceive themselves as overweight reported less physical activity and more screen time. Children whose parents perceive them as overweight reported less physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Children's own perception of their weight status appears to be more important for their self-reported slimming than their actual or their parent's perceptions of their weight status. Additionally, children's self-perceived weight status seems important in engaging more physical activity and reduces screen time.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Altenburg
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A S Singh
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Te Velde
- EMGO Institut1e for Health and Care Research, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I De Bourdeaudhuij
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - N Lien
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - E Bere
- Department of Public Health, Sport and Nutrition, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - D Molnár
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - N Jan
- Slovenian Heart Foundation, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - J M Fernández-Alvira
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Y Manios
- School of Health Science and Education, Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, Harokopio University Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - B Bringolf-Isler
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss TPH, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Brug
- EMGO Institut1e for Health and Care Research, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M J Chinapaw
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Jan N, Reshko L, Guy C, Sleeman W, Rosu M, Hugo G, Weiss E. Variability of Lung Volumes and Lung Dose During Radiation Therapy of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.1775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Guy C, Weiss E, Jan N, Reshko L, Christensen G, Hugo G. SU-F-J-67: Dosimetric Changes During Radiotherapy in Lung Cancer Patients with Atelectasis. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4955975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Karki K, Hugo G, Saraiya S, Jan N, Schuster J, Schutzer M, Fahrner L, Groves R, Ford J, Weiss E. TU-H-CAMPUS-JeP2-02: Interobserver Variability of CT, PET-CT and MRI Based Primary Tumor Delineation for Lung Cancer. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Tennyson N, Hugo G, Sima A, Sleeman W, Rosu M, Catron T, Jan N, Weiss E. Does Tumor Reduction During Radiation Therapy Predict for Local Recurrence in Locally Advanced Lung Cancer? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.1652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Tennyson N, Weiss E, Sleeman W, Rosu M, Catron T, Jan N, Hugo G. The Effect of Variations in Atelectasis on Tumor Displacement During Radiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hsia W, Jan N, Mukhopadhyay N, Weiss E. Effect of Diabetes Mellitus and Selected Medications on the Development of Radiation Pneumonitis in Patients With Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.1576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Guy C, Weiss E, Jan N, Christensen G, Hugo G. TU-AB-303-04: Characterizing CT-Derived Mass Change of Non-Tumor Pathology During Lung Radiotherapy. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Weiss E, Hugo G, Jan N. Is There a Need for Reassessment of Internal Target Volumes (ITV) During Radiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Lung Cancers? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Balik S, Weiss E, Jan N, Zhang L, Roman N, Christensen G, Williamson J, Hugo G. SU-E-J-151: Dosimetric Evaluation of DIR Mapped Contours for Image Guided Adaptive Radiotherapy with 4D Cone-Beam CT. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4888204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Gautam A, Weiss E, Williamson J, Ford J, Sleeman W, Jan N, Saraiya S, Orton M, Zhang L, Murphy M. SU-C-WAB-03: Assessing the Correlation Between Quantitative Measures of Contour Variability and Physician's Qualitative Measure for Clinical Usefulness of Auto-Segmentation in Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4813955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Balik S, Weiss E, Jan N, Zhang L, Roman N, Sleeman W, Christensen G, Williamson J, Hugo G. TU-C-141-04: Evaluation of Clinical Acceptability of DIR Mapped Contours for Adaptive Radiotherapy with 4D Cone-Beam CT. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Cameron AJ, van Stralen MM, Brug J, Salmon J, Bere E, Chinapaw MJM, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Jan N, Manios Y, Moreno LA, Velde SJ. Television in the bedroom and increased body weight: potential explanations for their relationship among European schoolchildren. Pediatr Obes 2013; 8:130-41. [PMID: 23239631 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2012.00094.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A television in the bedroom is associated with measures of adiposity. We aimed to test if this association is mediated by any of (i) time spent watching television, (ii) sleep duration, (iii) physical activity level or (iv) consumption of soft drinks. METHOD Data were from 7234 boys and girls aged 10-12 years in European countries involved in the EuropeaN Energy balance Research to prevent excessive weight Gain among Youth project (Belgium, Greece, Hungary, the Netherlands, Norway, Slovenia and Spain). Waist circumference, height and weight were measured. The presence of a bedroom television, television viewing time, sleep duration, physical activity time and soft drink consumption were assessed by standardized questionnaires. RESULTS Almost 40% of schoolchildren had a bedroom television, with the highest percentage among Hungarian children (65%) and lowest for Belgian, Slovenian and Spanish children (all ≈28%). A television in the bedroom was positively associated with time spent watching television, soft drink consumption and overweight and obesity (all P < 0.001). The relationship between a television in the bedroom and measures of body size was partly mediated by total television viewing time (proportion mediated for waist circumference 8.9%; for body mass index 8.3%) but not sleep duration, physical activity time or soft drink consumption. CONCLUSION The strong association between a television in the bedroom and adiposity was at least partially mediated by television viewing time. The large proportion of European schoolchildren with a television in their bedroom is of concern. Parents should be aware of the potential consequences when placing a television in a child's bedroom and children should limit viewing time.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Cameron
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
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Wollenberg B, Jan N, Jund R, Chaubal S, Untch M. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator and its inhibitor plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Oncol Rep 2012; 4:853-5. [PMID: 21590156 DOI: 10.3892/or.4.4.853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor associated proteolysis is an essential mechanism in invasion and metastasis of cancer. The influence of the serine protease urokinase-like plasminogen activator (u-PA) and its inhibitor plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) on the clinical prognosis of squamous carcinoma of the head and neck region (HNSCC) was evaluated. U-PA and PAI-1 levels were measured in tumor biopsies of 41 HNSCC patients and 6 biopsies of healthy oral mucosa using ELISA technique. Patients were followed for an average of 24 months. U-PA concentration in tumor tissue was four times higher than in healthy mucosa (4.96 ng/mg protein versus 1.32 ng/mg). PAI-1 levels were 22 times higher (69.55 ng/mg versus 3.18 ng/mg). Univariate Cox regression analysis revealed significant correlation (p=0.022) of PAI-1 with recurrence of the disease and no significance for u-PA. PAI-1 might become a new functional risk factor reflecting clinical prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wollenberg
- UNIV MUNICH, DEPT GYNECOL, D-81377 MUNICH, GERMANY
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Brug J, van Stralen MM, Chinapaw MJM, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Lien N, Bere E, Singh AS, Maes L, Moreno L, Jan N, Kovacs E, Lobstein T, Manios Y, Te Velde SJ. Differences in weight status and energy-balance related behaviours according to ethnic background among adolescents in seven countries in Europe: the ENERGY-project. Pediatr Obes 2012; 7:399-411. [PMID: 22730265 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2012.00067.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore differences in weight status and energy balance behaviours according to ethnic background among adolescents across Europe. METHODS A school-based survey among 10-12-year-old adolescents was conducted in seven European countries. Weight, height and waist circumference were measured; engagement in physical activity, sedentary and dietary behaviour, and sleep duration was assessed by child and parent-report. A distinction between native and non-native ethnic background was based on language spoken at home, and the parents' country of birth. Analyses were conducted with and without adjustment for parental education. RESULTS With valid data on both indicators of ethnic background for 5149 adolescents, 7307 adolescents (52% girls; 11.6 ± 0.7 years) participated. Significantly higher prevalence of overweight, obesity, body mass index and waist circumference were observed among non-native compared with native adolescents. Non-native adolescents had less favourable behavioural patterns (sugary drinks, breakfast skipping, sport, TV and computer time, hours of sleep) with the exception of active transport to school. Similar patterns were observed for both indicators of ethnicity, and in most of the separate countries; however, in Greece, weight status indicators were better among non-native adolescents. After adjustment for parental education, most differences remained significant according to country of origin of the parents, but not according to language spoken at home. CONCLUSION Adolescents of native ethnicity of the country of residence have, in general, more favourable weight status indicators and energy balance-related behaviours than adolescents of non-native ethnicity across Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Brug
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Balik S, Hugo G, Weiss E, Jan N, Roman N, Sleeman W, Fatyga M, Christensen G, Murphy M, Lu J, Keall P, Williamson J. MO-F-BRA-02: Evaluation of 4D CT to 4D Cone-Beam CT Deformable Image Registration for Lung Cancer Adaptive Radiation Therapy. Med Phys 2012; 39:3875. [PMID: 28518270 DOI: 10.1118/1.4735821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate two deformable image registration (DIR) algorithms for the purpose of contour mapping to support image guided adaptive radiotherapy (IGART) with 4D cone beam CT (4DCBCT). METHODS Eleven locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients underwent one planning 4D fan- beam CT (4DFBCT) and seven weekly 4DCBCT scans. Gross tumor volume (GTV) and carina were delineated by a physician in all 4D images. For day to day registration, the end of inspiration 4DFBCT phase was deformably registered to the corresponding phase in each 4DCBCT image. For phase to phase registration, the end of inspiration phase from each 4D image was registered to end of expiration phase. The delineated contours were warped using the resulting transforms and compared to the manual contours through Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), false positive and false negative indices, and, for carina, target registration error (TRE). Two DIR algorithms were tested: 1) small deformation, inverse consistent linear elastic (SICLE) algorithm and 2) Insight Toolkit diffeomorphic demons (DEMONS). RESULTS For day to day registrations, the mean DSC was 0.59 ± 0.16 after rigid registration, 0.72 ± 0.13 with SICLE and to 0.66 ± 0.18 with DEMONS. SICLE and DEMONS reduced TRE to 4.1 ± 2.1 mm and 5.8 ± 3.7 mm respectively, from 6.2 ± 3.5 mm; and reduced false positive index to 0.27 and 0.26 respectively from 0.46. Registration with the cone beam as the fixed image resulted in higher DSC than with the fan beam as fixed (p < 0.001). SICLE and DEMONS increased the DSC on average by 10.0% and 8.0% and reduced TRE by 2.8 mm and 2.9 mm respectively for phase to phase DIR. CONCLUSIONS DIR achieved more congruent mapping of target structures to delineations than rigid registration alone, although DIR performance varied with algorithm and patient. This work was supported by National Cancer Institute Grant No. P01 CA 116602.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Balik
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,University of Iowa.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,SUNY Upstate Medical Univ, Syracuse, NY.,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - G Hugo
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,University of Iowa.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,SUNY Upstate Medical Univ, Syracuse, NY.,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - E Weiss
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,University of Iowa.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,SUNY Upstate Medical Univ, Syracuse, NY.,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - N Jan
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,University of Iowa.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,SUNY Upstate Medical Univ, Syracuse, NY.,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - N Roman
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,University of Iowa.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,SUNY Upstate Medical Univ, Syracuse, NY.,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - W Sleeman
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,University of Iowa.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,SUNY Upstate Medical Univ, Syracuse, NY.,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - M Fatyga
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,University of Iowa.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,SUNY Upstate Medical Univ, Syracuse, NY.,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - G Christensen
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,University of Iowa.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,SUNY Upstate Medical Univ, Syracuse, NY.,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - M Murphy
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,University of Iowa.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,SUNY Upstate Medical Univ, Syracuse, NY.,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - J Lu
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,University of Iowa.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,SUNY Upstate Medical Univ, Syracuse, NY.,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - P Keall
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,University of Iowa.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,SUNY Upstate Medical Univ, Syracuse, NY.,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - J Williamson
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,University of Iowa.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,SUNY Upstate Medical Univ, Syracuse, NY.,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
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Jan N, Cheniour M, Errard-Lalande G. Prise en charge du patient fumeur en situation de précarité. Rev Mal Respir 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(06)71674-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Khan NA, Afroz F, Lone MM, Teli MA, Muzaffar M, Jan N. Profile of lung cancer in Kashmir, India: a five-year study. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 2006; 48:187-190. [PMID: 18610676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the clinico-pathological aspects of lung cancer, and the outcome of various treatment modalities. METHODS A retrospective review of histopathologically confirmed lung cancer patients who were registered and treated at our institution over a period of five years was carried out. RESULTS A total of 321 patients were studied. There was a preponderance of males (91.9%) as compared to females (8.1%). Smoking history was present in 88% of the male patients. Cough was the main presenting feature in 71.6% of patients. Diagnosis was established by bronchoscopy in 94% of cases. Squamous cell carcinoma was observed in 77.3%, while 17.1% had small cell carcinoma. Radiotherapy formed the main treatment modality alone (22.4%) and in combination (27%). Out of the 321 patients, 206 were evaluable on follow-up. Local failure and distant metastasis were seen in 9.2% and 19.9% of cases, respectively. The overall survival rate of 2, 3 and 5 years was 19.9%, 13.59% and 6.79%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS . The outcome of lung cancer is poor. Increased survival is possible if the disease is detected early, treated adequately with multi modality approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Khan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India.
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Anjum KM, Qureshi MB, Khan MA, Jan N, Ali A, Ahmad K, Khan MD. Cataract blindness and visual outcome of cataract surgery in a tribal area in Pakistan. Br J Ophthalmol 2006; 90:135-8. [PMID: 16424519 PMCID: PMC1860172 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2005.078527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To estimate the rates of cataract blindness and cataract surgical coverage and to assess the visual outcome of cataract surgery among individuals aged > or =50 years in Orakzai Agency, Pakistan. METHODS 1600 individuals aged > or =50 years were selected using probability proportional to size sampling. The main outcome measure was bilateral cataract blindness which was defined as visual acuity of <3/60 in the better eye with best available correction and with obvious central lens opacities/absence of red reflex in both eyes. RESULTS A total of 1549 people were examined; the coverage rate was 96.8%. Of individuals who were examined, 958 (61.8%) were men. The overall prevalence of bilateral cataract blindness was 4.8% (95% CI: 3.8% to 5.9%). Women had a 2.1-fold greater prevalence of bilateral cataract blindness than men (7.1% (5.0% to 9.2%) v 3.4% (2.3% to 4.6%); p = <0.0001). However, cataract surgical coverage rates were lower for women than men. The overall quality of previous cataract surgery was poor: 43.1% eyes with cataract surgery had VA <6/60. 73.3% people with bilateral cataract blindness reported they could not undergo cataract surgery because they were too poor to afford its cost. CONCLUSION The unacceptably high rates of cataract blindness and poor affordability and visual outcome of cataract surgery calls for the establishment, in the agency, of static cataract surgical services that are high quality, affordable, and gender sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Anjum
- Pakistan Institute of Community Ophthalmology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Chowdhary ND, Besina S, Kadri SM, Jan N, Chowdhary QA, Laharwal MA. Prepubertal testicular tumours in Kashmir: a histopathological report of 15 cases. J Clin Pathol 2003; 56:559. [PMID: 12835310 PMCID: PMC1769986 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.56.7.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N D Chowdhary
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Srinagar 190010, Kashmir, India
| | - S Besina
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Srinagar 190010, Kashmir, India
| | - S M Kadri
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Srinagar;
| | - N Jan
- Mubarik Nursing Home, Abi-Guzar, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Q A Chowdhary
- School of Medicine, Government Medical College, Srinagar
| | - M A Laharwal
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Srinagar
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Abstract
Crossbred gilts were used to investigate whether exogenous insulin can restore normal follicular growth in feed-restricted gilts. After an 18-day altrenogest treatment, the first day of oestrous behaviour was designed as day 0. From day 0 to 13, all gilts received the same amount of feed, calculated to meet 200% of the energy requirements for maintenance. On day 14, luteolysis was induced by injection of an analogue of prostaglandin F2alpha. All gilts were slaughtered on day 19 and their ovaries removed. In Experiment 1, gilts received a high (240% of maintenance) or low (80%) level of feeding (n=10/group) from day 14 to 18. The number of large follicles (> or = 5 mm) on day 19 was reduced in feed-restricted gilts (16.9 versus 20.6, P<0.05). The same protocol of feed restriction was used in Experiment 2 (240% versus 80% of maintenance from day 14 to 18), and some gilts received daily injections of insulin (0.6 IU live weight kg(-1)). The three experimental groups were H: 240% and no insulin (n=8); H-I: 240%+insulin (n=8) and L-I: 80%+insulin (n=7). On day 18, 4 h after insulin injection, plasma insulin was higher in insulin-treated than in untreated gilts and glucose concentrations were reduced more dramatically in L-I than in H-I gilts (P<0.05). Concentrations of IGF-I were lower in L-I than in other gilts (P<0.05) and plasma IGFBPs were not significantly affected by treatments. On day 19, the number of large follicles (> or = 5 mm) was not significantly influenced by treatments (19.4, 17.6 and 15.3 for H, H-I and L-I gilts, respectively). Insulin, IGF-I and IGFBP-2 levels in follicular fluids from large follicles did not differ between females whereas IGFBP-3 levels were lower in L-I than in H gilts (P<0.05) and intermediate in H-I gilts. Intrafollicular levels of glucose were higher in feed-restricted than in well-fed gilts (P<0.05). These results suggest that exogenous insulin does not restore final follicular growth impaired by acute undernutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Quesnel
- Unité Mixte de Recherches sur le Veau et le Porc, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 35590, Saint-Gilles, France.
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Malhaire JP, Robinet-Combes A, Jan N, Labat JP, Bobo C, Colin J. P28 Radiothérapie externe dans le traitement de la dégénérescence maculaire liée à l'âge (DMLA). Cancer Radiother 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s1278-3218(97)89616-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
Thymoma is an uncommon malignancy which is initially treated with surgery. Combined modality treatment with radiation and chemotherapy is utilized in cases of unresectable or metastatic disease. In patients with relapse, a number of different chemotherapeutic regimens have been used with varying success. The case of a male with recurrent thymoma treated with carboplatin and paclitaxel is presented and the literature reviewed. The patient responded to this novel regimen with improvement in clinical symptoms and reduction in tumor mass. This novel regimen has shown activity as second line therapy and merits further investigation as a first line treatment for patients with invasive and or metastatic thymoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
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Abstract
A small perturbation introduced in the stochastic Leslie model leads to a long-lived stable population in a region or parameter space where the stochastic model predicts the demise of the population. This somewhat surprising result is understood by considering a related model with a density-dependent sex ratio which exhibits similar features.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Quinn
- Department of Mathematics and Computing Sciences, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada
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