1
|
Gomez M, Ahmed M, Das S, McCollum J, Mellett L, Swanson R, Gupta A, Carrigy NB, Wang H, Barona D, Bachchhav S, Gerhardt A, Press C, Archer MC, Liang H, Seydoux E, Kramer RM, Kuehl PJ, Vehring R, Khader SA, Fox CB. Development and Testing of a Spray-Dried Tuberculosis Vaccine Candidate in a Mouse Model. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:799034. [PMID: 35126135 PMCID: PMC8814656 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.799034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Converting a vaccine into a thermostable dry powder is advantageous as it reduces the resource burden linked with the cold chain and provides flexibility in dosage and administration through different routes. Such a dry powder presentation may be especially useful in the development of a vaccine towards the respiratory infectious disease tuberculosis (TB). This study assesses the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of spray-dried ID93+GLA-SE, a promising TB vaccine candidate, against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in a murine model when administered via different routes. Four administration routes for the spray-dried ID93+GLA-SE were evaluated along with relevant controls—1) reconstitution and intramuscular injection, 2) reconstitution and intranasal delivery, 3) nasal dry powder delivery via inhalation, and 4) pulmonary dry powder delivery via inhalation. Dry powder intranasal and pulmonary delivery was achieved using a custom nose-only inhalation device, and optimization using representative vaccine-free powder demonstrated that approximately 10 and 44% of the maximum possible delivered dose would be delivered for intranasal delivery and pulmonary delivery, respectively. Spray-dried powder was engineered according to the different administration routes including maintaining approximately equivalent delivered doses of ID93 and GLA. Vaccine properties of the different spray-dried lots were assessed for quality control in terms of nanoemulsion droplet diameter, polydispersity index, adjuvant content, and antigen content. Our results using the Mtb mouse challenge model show that both intranasal reconstituted vaccine delivery as well as pulmonary dry powder vaccine delivery resulted in Mtb control in infected mice comparable to traditional intramuscular delivery. Improved protection in these two vaccinated groups over their respective control groups coincided with the presence of cytokine-producing T cell responses. In summary, our results provide novel vaccine formulations and delivery routes that can be harnessed to provide protection against Mtb infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mellissa Gomez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mushtaq Ahmed
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Shibali Das
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Joseph McCollum
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Leah Mellett
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Rosemary Swanson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Ananya Gupta
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Nicholas B. Carrigy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - David Barona
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shital Bachchhav
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Alana Gerhardt
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Chris Press
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - Hong Liang
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Emilie Seydoux
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ryan M. Kramer
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shabaana A. Khader
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Shabaana A. Khader, ; Christopher B. Fox,
| | - Christopher B. Fox
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Shabaana A. Khader, ; Christopher B. Fox,
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ordoubadi M, Gregson FKA, Wang H, Carrigy NB, Nicholas M, Gracin S, Lechuga-Ballesteros D, Reid JP, Finlay WH, Vehring R. Trileucine as a dispersibility enhancer of spray-dried inhalable microparticles. J Control Release 2021; 336:522-536. [PMID: 34229002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The formation of trileucine-containing spray-dried microparticles intended for pulmonary delivery was studied in depth. A single-particle method was employed to study the shell formation characteristics of trileucine in the presence of trehalose as a glass former, and an empirical correlation was proposed to predict the instance of shell formation. A droplet chain instrument was used to produce and collect monodisperse particles to examine morphology and calculate particle density for different levels of trileucine. It was observed that the addition of only 0.5 mg/mL (10% w/w) trileucine to a trehalose system could lower dried particle densities by approximately 1 g/cm3. In addition, a laboratory-scale spray dryer was used to produce batches of trileucine/trehalose powders in the respirable range. Raman spectroscopy demonstrated that both components were completely amorphous. Scanning electron microscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry were used to study the particle morphologies and surface compositions. For all cases with trileucine, highly rugose particles with trileucine coverages of more than 60% by mass were observed with trileucine feed fractions of as little as 2% w/w. Moreover, it was seen that at lower trileucine content, smaller and larger particles of a polydisperse powder had slightly different surface compositions. The surface activity of trileucine was also modeled via a modified form of the diffusion equation inside an evaporating droplet that took into account initial surface adsorption and eventual surface desorption due to droplet shrinkage. Finally, using the Flory-Huggins theory, it was estimated that at room temperature, liquid-liquid phase separation would start when the trileucine reached an aqueous concentration of about 18 mg/mL. Besides the surface activity of trileucine, this low concentration was assumed to explain the substantial effect of trileucine on the morphology of spray-dried particles due to early phase separation. The methodology proposed in this study can be used in the rational design of trileucine-containing microparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mani Ordoubadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Hui Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicholas B Carrigy
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mark Nicholas
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sandra Gracin
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David Lechuga-Ballesteros
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jonathan P Reid
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Warren H Finlay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gomez M, Archer M, Barona D, Wang H, Ordoubadi M, Bin Karim S, Carrigy NB, Wang Z, McCollum J, Press C, Gerhardt A, Fox CB, Kramer RM, Vehring R. Microparticle encapsulation of a tuberculosis subunit vaccine candidate containing a nanoemulsion adjuvant via spray drying. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 163:23-37. [PMID: 33753213 PMCID: PMC8096719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Spray drying is a technique that can be used to stabilize biopharmaceuticals, such as vaccines, within dry particles. Compared to liquid pharmaceutical products, dry powder has the potential to reduce costs associated with refrigerated storage and transportation. In this study, spray drying was investigated for processing an adjuvanted tuberculosis subunit vaccine, formulated as an oil-in-water nanoemulsion, into a dry powder composed of microparticles. Applying in-silico approaches to the development of formulation and processing conditions, successful encapsulation of the adjuvanted vaccine within amorphous microparticles was achieved in only one iteration, with high retention (>90%) of both the antigen and adjuvant system. Moisture-controlled stability studies on the powder were conducted over 26 months at temperatures up to 40 °C. Results showed that the powder was physically stable after 26 months of storage for all tested temperatures. Adjuvant system integrity was maintained at temperatures up to 25 °C after 26 months and after one month of storage at 40 °C. The spray-dried product demonstrated improved antigen thermostability when stored above refrigerated temperatures as compared to the liquid product. These results demonstrate the feasibility of spray drying as a method of encapsulating and stabilizing an adjuvanted vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mellissa Gomez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - David Barona
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mani Ordoubadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shabab Bin Karim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Nicholas B Carrigy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Chris Press
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Christopher B Fox
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ryan M Kramer
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gomez M, McCollum J, Wang H, Ordoubadi M, Jar C, Carrigy NB, Barona D, Tetreau I, Archer M, Gerhardt A, Press C, Fox CB, Kramer RM, Vehring R. Development of a formulation platform for a spray-dried, inhalable tuberculosis vaccine candidate. Int J Pharm 2021; 593:120121. [PMID: 33278492 PMCID: PMC7790949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Protection against primarily respiratory infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis (TB), can likely be enhanced through mucosal immunization induced by direct delivery of vaccines to the nose or lungs. A thermostable inhalable dry powder vaccine offers further advantages, such as independence from the cold chain. In this study, we investigate the formulation for a stable, inhalable dry powder version of ID93 + GLA-SE, an adjuvanted subunit TB vaccine candidate, containing recombinant fusion protein ID93 and glucopyranosyl lipid A (GLA) in a squalene emulsion (SE) as an adjuvant system, via spray drying. The addition of leucine (20% w/w), pullulan (10%, 20% w/w), and trileucine (3%, 6% w/w) as dispersibility enhancers was investigated with trehalose as a stabilizing agent. Particle morphology and solid state, nanoemulsion droplet size, squalene and GLA content, ID93 presence, and aerosol performance were assessed for each formulation. The results showed that the addition of leucine improved aerosol performance, but increased aggregation of the emulsion droplets was demonstrated on reconstitution. Addition of pullulan preserved emulsion droplet size; however, the antigen could not be detected after reconstitution. The trehalose-trileucine excipient formulations successfully stabilized the adjuvant system, with evidence indicating retention of the antigen, in an inhalable dry powder format suitable for lung delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mellissa Gomez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Hui Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mani Ordoubadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Chester Jar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Nicholas B Carrigy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - David Barona
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Isobel Tetreau
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | | | - Chris Press
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christopher B Fox
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ryan M Kramer
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Carrigy NB, Liang L, Wang H, Kariuki S, Nagel TE, Connerton IF, Vehring R. Spray-dried anti-Campylobacter bacteriophage CP30A powder suitable for global distribution without cold chain infrastructure. Int J Pharm 2019; 569:118601. [PMID: 31394183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of foodborne illness globally. In this study, a spray drying and packaging process was developed to produce a thermally-stable dry powder containing bacteriophages that retains biological activity against C. jejuni after long distance shipping at ambient temperature. Spray drying using a twin-fluid atomizer resulted in significantly less (p < 0.05) titer reduction than spray drying using a vibrating mesh nebulizer. The use of centrifugation and dilution of filtered bacteriophage lysate in the formulation step resulted in a significantly greater (p < 0.05) proportion of bacteriophages remaining active relative to use of no centrifugation and dilution. The spray-dried bacteriophage powder generated using leucine and trehalose as excipients was flowable, non-cohesive, and exhibited a high manufacturing yield. The powder retained its titer with no significant differences (p > 0.05) in biological activity after storage in suitable packaging for at least 3 weeks at room temperature and after ambient temperature shipping a total distance of approximately 19,800 km, including with a 38 °C temperature excursion. The bacteriophage powder therefore appears suitable for global distribution without the need for cold chain infrastructure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas B Carrigy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Lu Liang
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, UK
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Samuel Kariuki
- Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenyan Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Ian F Connerton
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, UK
| | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ly A, Carrigy NB, Wang H, Harrison M, Sauvageau D, Martin AR, Vehring R, Finlay WH. Atmospheric Spray Freeze Drying of Sugar Solution With Phage D29. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:488. [PMID: 30949139 PMCID: PMC6436606 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic bacteriophages offer a potential alternative approach in the treatment of drug resistant bacteria. In the present study, we examine the ability of atmospheric spray freeze-drying (ASFD) to process bacteriophage D29 into a solid dry formulation. Bacteriophage D29 is of particular interest due to its ability to infect Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A sugar solution containing bacteriophage D29 was sprayed and instantly frozen in a cold chamber. Cold drying gas was then passed through the chamber at a high flow rate and atmospheric pressure. Convective transport combined with the low temperature of the drying gas results in sublimation of ice, yielding a free-flowing, porous powder. The bacteriophages were atmospheric spray freeze-dried in solutions with varying concentrations of trehalose and mannitol. A solution of trehalose and mannitol at a mass ratio of 7:3 and a total mass concentration of 100 mg/mL led to powder with 4.9 ± 0.1% moisture content and an acceptable titer reduction of ∼0.6 logs. In comparison, a pure trehalose solution and a 1:1 ratio of trehalose and mannitol both had titer reductions of >1.5 logs. Spectroscopic analysis showed that trehalose in the powder was amorphous while mannitol completely crystallized during the drying process, both of which are desirable for preserving phage viability and storage in powders. The results highlight the potential for using ASFD as an alternative process in preserving biopharmaceutical products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Ly
- Department of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Hui Wang
- Department of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Melissa Harrison
- Department of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Dominic Sauvageau
- Department of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew R Martin
- Department of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Warren H Finlay
- Department of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Leung SSY, Carrigy NB, Vehring R, Finlay WH, Morales S, Carter EA, Britton WJ, Kutter E, Chan HK. Jet nebulization of bacteriophages with different tail morphologies – Structural effects. Int J Pharm 2019; 554:322-326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
8
|
Leung SSY, Parumasivam T, Nguyen A, Gengenbach T, Carter EA, Carrigy NB, Wang H, Vehring R, Finlay WH, Morales S, Britton WJ, Kutter E, Chan HK. Effect of storage temperature on the stability of spray dried bacteriophage powders. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 127:213-222. [PMID: 29486303 PMCID: PMC5948144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the robustness of using a spray drying approach and formulation design in producing inhalable phage powders. Two types of Pseudomonas phages, PEV2 (Podovirus) and PEV40 (Myovirus) in two formulations containing different amounts of trehalose (70% and 60%) and leucine (30% and 40%) were studied. Most of the surface of the produced powders was found to be covered in crystalline leucine. The powders were stored at 4 °C and 20 °C under vacuum. The phage stability and in vitro aerosol performance of the phage powders were examined on the day of production and after 1, 3 and 12 months of storage. A minor titer loss during production was observed for both phages (0.2-0.8 log10 pfu/ml). The storage stability of the produced phage powders was found to be phage and formulation dependent. No further reduction in titer occurred for PEV2 powders stored at 4 °C across the study. The formulation containing 30% leucine maintained the viability of PEV2 at 20 °C, while the formulation containing 40% leucine gradually lost titer over time with a storage reduction of ∼0.9 log10 pfu/ml measured after 12 months. In comparison, the PEV40 phage powders generally had a ∼ 0.5 log10 pfu/ml loss upon storage regardless of temperature. When aerosolized, the total in vitro lung doses of PEV2 were of the order of 107 pfu, except the formulation containing 40% leucine stored at 20 °C which had a lower lung dose. The PEV40 powders also had lung doses of 106-107 pfu. The results demonstrate that spray dried Myoviridae and Podoviridae phage in a simple formulation of leucine and trehalose can be successfully stored for one year at 4 °C and 20 °C with vacuum packaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon S Y Leung
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thaigarajan Parumasivam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - An Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas Gengenbach
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Carter
- Vibrational Spectroscopy Core Facility & The School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas B Carrigy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Warren H Finlay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sandra Morales
- AmpliPhi Biosciences AU, 7/27 Dale Street, Brookvale, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Warwick J Britton
- Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute, and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Carrigy NB, Chang RY, Leung SSY, Harrison M, Petrova Z, Pope WH, Hatfull GF, Britton WJ, Chan HK, Sauvageau D, Finlay WH, Vehring R. Anti-Tuberculosis Bacteriophage D29 Delivery with a Vibrating Mesh Nebulizer, Jet Nebulizer, and Soft Mist Inhaler. Pharm Res 2017. [PMID: 28646325 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2213-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare titer reduction and delivery rate of active anti-tuberculosis bacteriophage (phage) D29 with three inhalation devices. METHODS Phage D29 lysate was amplified to a titer of 11.8 ± 0.3 log10(pfu/mL) and diluted 1:100 in isotonic saline. Filters captured the aerosolized saline D29 preparation emitted from three types of inhalation devices: 1) vibrating mesh nebulizer; 2) jet nebulizer; 3) soft mist inhaler. Full-plate plaque assays, performed in triplicate at multiple dilution levels with the surrogate host Mycobacterium smegmatis, were used to quantify phage titer. RESULTS Respective titer reductions for the vibrating mesh nebulizer, jet nebulizer, and soft mist inhaler were 0.4 ± 0.1, 3.7 ± 0.1, and 0.6 ± 0.3 log10(pfu/mL). Active phage delivery rate was significantly greater (p < 0.01) for the vibrating mesh nebulizer (3.3x108 ± 0.8x108 pfu/min) than for the jet nebulizer (5.4x104 ± 1.3x104 pfu/min). The soft mist inhaler delivered 4.6x106 ± 2.0x106 pfu per 11.6 ± 1.6 μL ex-actuator dose. CONCLUSIONS Delivering active phage requires a prudent choice of inhalation device. The jet nebulizer was not a good choice for aerosolizing phage D29 under the tested conditions, due to substantial titer reduction likely occurring during droplet production. The vibrating mesh nebulizer is recommended for animal inhalation studies requiring large amounts of D29 aerosol, whereas the soft mist inhaler may be useful for self-administration of D29 aerosol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas B Carrigy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rachel Y Chang
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sharon S Y Leung
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Melissa Harrison
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Zaritza Petrova
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Welkin H Pope
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Graham F Hatfull
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Warwick J Britton
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dominic Sauvageau
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Warren H Finlay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, 10-203 Donadeo Innovation Centre for Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116th Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Leung SSY, Parumasivam T, Gao FG, Carter EA, Carrigy NB, Vehring R, Finlay WH, Morales S, Britton WJ, Kutter E, Chan HK. Effects of storage conditions on the stability of spray dried, inhalable bacteriophage powders. Int J Pharm 2017; 521:141-149. [PMID: 28163231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop inhalable powders containing phages active against antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa for pulmonary delivery. A Pseudomonas phage, PEV2, was spray dried into powder matrices comprising of trehalose (0-80%), mannitol (0-80%) and l-leucine (20%). The resulting powders were stored at various relative humidity (RH) conditions (0, 22 and 60% RH) at 4°C. The phage stability and in vitro aerosol performance of the phage powders were examined at the time of production and after 1, 3 and 12 months storage. After spray drying, a total of 1.3 log titer reduction in phage was observed in the formulations containing 40%, 60% and 80% trehalose, whereas 2.4 and 5.1 log reductions were noted in the formulations containing 20% and no trehalose, respectively. No further reduction in titer occurred for powders stored at 0 and 22% RH even after 12 months, except the formulation containing no trehalose. The 60% RH storage condition had a destructive effect such that no viable phages were detected after 3 and 12 months. When aerosolised, the total lung doses for formulations containing 40%, 60% and 80% trehalose were similar (in the order of 105 pfu). The results demonstrated that spray drying is a suitable method to produce stable phage powders for pulmonary delivery. A powder matrix containing ≥40% trehalose provided good phage preservation and aerosol performances after storage at 0 and 22% RH at 4°C for 12 months.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon S Y Leung
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | | | - Fiona G Gao
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Carter
- Vibrational Spectroscopy Core Facility, The School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Nicholas B Carrigy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Alberta, T6G 2G8, Canada
| | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Alberta, T6G 2G8, Canada
| | - Warren H Finlay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Alberta, T6G 2G8, Canada
| | - Sandra Morales
- AmpliPhi Biosciences AU, 7/27 Dale Street, Brookvale, Sydney, NSW, 2100, Australia
| | - Warwick J Britton
- Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | | | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Leung SSY, Parumasivam T, Gao FG, Carrigy NB, Vehring R, Finlay WH, Morales S, Britton WJ, Kutter E, Chan HK. Production of Inhalation Phage Powders Using Spray Freeze Drying and Spray Drying Techniques for Treatment of Respiratory Infections. Pharm Res 2016; 33:1486-96. [PMID: 26928668 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-1892-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The potential of aerosol phage therapy for treating lung infections has been demonstrated in animal models and clinical studies. This work compared the performance of two dry powder formation techniques, spray freeze drying (SFD) and spray drying (SD), in producing inhalable phage powders. METHOD A Pseudomonas podoviridae phage, PEV2, was incorporated into multi-component formulation systems consisting of trehalose, mannitol and L-leucine (F1 = 60:20:20 and F2 = 40:40:20). The phage titer loss after the SFD and SD processes and in vitro aerosol performance of the produced powders were assessed. RESULTS A significant titer loss (~2 log) was noted for droplet generation using an ultrasonic nozzle employed in the SFD method, but the conventional two-fluid nozzle used in the SD method was less destructive for the phage (~0.75 log loss). The phage were more vulnerable during the evaporative drying process (~0.75 log further loss) compared with the freeze drying step, which caused negligible phage loss. In vitro aerosol performance showed that the SFD powders (~80% phage recovery) provided better phage protection than the SD powders (~20% phage recovery) during the aerosolization process. Despite this, higher total lung doses were obtained for the SD formulations (SD-F1 = 13.1 ± 1.7 × 10(4) pfu and SD-F2 = 11.0 ± 1.4 × 10(4) pfu) than from their counterpart SFD formulations (SFD-F1 = 8.3 ± 1.8 × 10(4) pfu and SFD-F2 = 2.1 ± 0.3 × 10(4) pfu). CONCLUSION Overall, the SD method caused less phage reduction during the powder formation process and the resulted powders achieved better aerosol performance for PEV2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon S Y Leung
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | | | - Fiona G Gao
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Nicholas B Carrigy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G8, Canada
| | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G8, Canada
| | - Warren H Finlay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G8, Canada
| | - Sandra Morales
- AmpliPhi Biosciences AU, 7/27 Dale Street, Brookvale, Sydney, NSW, 2100, Australia
| | - Warwick J Britton
- Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | | | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Carrigy NB, Carey JP, Martin AR, Remmers JE, Zareian A, Topor Z, Grosse J, Noga M, Finlay WH. Simulation of muscle and adipose tissue deformation in the passive human pharynx. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2015.1062477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
13
|
Carrigy NB, Ruzycki CA, Golshahi L, Finlay WH. Pediatric in vitro and in silico models of deposition via oral and nasal inhalation. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2015; 27:149-69. [PMID: 24870701 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2013.1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory tract deposition models provide a useful method for optimizing the design and administration of inhaled pharmaceutical aerosols, and can be useful for estimating exposure risks to inhaled particulate matter. As aerosol must first pass through the extrathoracic region prior to reaching the lungs, deposition in this region plays an important role in both cases. Compared to adults, much less extrathoracic deposition data are available with pediatric subjects. Recently, progress in magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scans to develop pediatric extrathoracic airway replicas has facilitated addressing this issue. Indeed, the use of realistic replicas for benchtop inhaler testing is now relatively common during the development and in vitro evaluation of pediatric respiratory drug delivery devices. Recently, in vitro empirical modeling studies using a moderate number of these realistic replicas have related airway geometry, particle size, fluid properties, and flow rate to extrathoracic deposition. Idealized geometries provide a standardized platform for inhaler testing and exposure risk assessment and have been designed to mimic average in vitro deposition in infants and children by replicating representative average geometrical dimensions. In silico mathematical models have used morphometric data and aerosol physics to illustrate the relative importance of different deposition mechanisms on respiratory tract deposition. Computational fluid dynamics simulations allow for the quantification of local deposition patterns and an in-depth examination of aerosol behavior in the respiratory tract. Recent studies have used both in vitro and in silico deposition measurements in realistic pediatric airway geometries to some success. This article reviews the current understanding of pediatric in vitro and in silico deposition modeling via oral and nasal inhalation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas B Carrigy
- 1 Aerosol Research Laboratory of Alberta, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G8
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tang P, Leung SSY, Hor E, Ruzycki CA, Carrigy NB, Finlay WH, Brannan JD, Devadason S, Anderson SD, Sly PD, Samnick K, Chan HK. An Apparatus to Deliver Mannitol Powder for Bronchial Provocation in Children Under Six Years Old. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2015; 28:452-61. [PMID: 25844950 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2015.1208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently bronchial provocation testing (BPT) using mannitol powder cannot be performed in children under 6 years. A primary reason is it is challenging for children at this age to generate a consistent inspiratory effort to inhale mannitol efficiently from a dry powder inhaler. A prototype system, which does not require any inhalation training from the pediatric subject, is reported here. It uses an external source of compressed air to disperse mannitol powder into a commercial holding chamber. Then the subject uses tidal breathing to inhale the aerosol. METHOD The setup consists of a commercially available powder disperser and Volumatic™ holding chamber. Taguchi experimental design was used to identify the effect of dispersion parameters (flow rate of compressed air, time compressed air is applied, mass of powder, and the time between dispersion and inhalation) on the fine particle dose (FPD). The prototype was tested in vitro using a USP throat connected to a next generation impactor. The aerosols from the holding chamber were drawn at 10 L/min. A scaling factor for estimating the provoking dose to induce a 15% reduction in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (PD15) was calculated using anatomical dimensions of the human respiratory tract at various ages combined with known dosing values from the adult BPT. RESULTS Consistent and doubling FPDs were successfully generated based on the Taguchi experimental design. The FPD was reliable over a range of 0.8 (±0.09) mg to 14 (±0.94) mg. The calculated PD15 for children aged 1-6 years ranged from 7.1-30 mg. The FPDs generated from the proposed set up are lower than the calculated PD15 and therefore are not expected to cause sudden bronchoconstriction. CONCLUSION A prototype aerosol delivery system has been developed that is consistently able to deliver doubling doses suitable for bronchial provocation testing in young children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Tang
- 1 Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sharon S Y Leung
- 1 Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eleanor Hor
- 1 Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Conor A Ruzycki
- 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Canada
| | - Nicholas B Carrigy
- 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Canada
| | - Warren H Finlay
- 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Canada
| | - John D Brannan
- 3 Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital , Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sunalene Devadason
- 4 School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia , Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Sandra D Anderson
- 5 Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Royal Prince Alfred Hospital , Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter D Sly
- 6 Children's Health and Environment Program, Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland , Royal Children's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Kevin Samnick
- 1 Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- 1 Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Carrigy NB, O'Reilly C, Schmitt J, Noga M, Finlay WH. Effect of Facial Material Softness and Applied Force on Face Mask Dead Volume, Face Mask Seal, and Inhaled Corticosteroid Delivery Through an Idealized Infant Replica. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2014; 27:290-8. [DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2013.1087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas B. Carrigy
- Aerosol Research Laboratory of Alberta, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G8
| | - Connor O'Reilly
- Aerosol Research Laboratory of Alberta, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G8
| | - James Schmitt
- Institute for Reconstructive Sciences in Medicine, Misericordia Community Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T5R 4H5
| | - Michelle Noga
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2B7
| | - Warren H. Finlay
- Aerosol Research Laboratory of Alberta, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G8
| |
Collapse
|