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Flynn PA, Long MD, Kosaka Y, Long N, Mulkey JS, Coy JL, Agarwal A, Lind EF. Leukemic mutation FLT3-ITD is retained in dendritic cells and disrupts their homeostasis leading to expanded Th17 frequency. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1297338. [PMID: 38495876 PMCID: PMC10943691 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1297338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are mediators between innate and adaptive immune responses to pathogens and tumors. DC development is determined by signaling through the receptor tyrosine kinase Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) in bone marrow myeloid progenitors. Recently the naming conventions for DC phenotypes have been updated to distinguish between "Conventional" DCs (cDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). Activating mutations of FLT3, including Internal Tandem Duplication (FLT3-ITD), are associated with poor prognosis for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Having a shared myeloid lineage it can be difficult to distinguish bone fide DCs from AML tumor cells. To date, there is little information on the effects of FLT3-ITD in DC biology. To further elucidate this relationship we utilized CITE-seq technology in combination with flow cytometry and multiplex immunoassays to measure changes to DCs in human and mouse tissues. We examined the cDC phenotype and frequency in bone marrow aspirates from patients with AML to understand the changes to cDCs associated with FLT3-ITD. When compared to healthy donor (HD) we found that a subset of FLT3-ITD+ AML patient samples have overrepresented populations of cDCs and disrupted phenotypes. Using a mouse model of FLT3-ITD+ AML, we found that cDCs were increased in percentage and number compared to control wild-type (WT) mice. Single cell RNA-seq identified FLT3-ITD+ cDCs as skewed towards a cDC2 T-bet- phenotype, previously shown to promote Th17 T cells. We assessed the phenotypes of CD4+ T cells in the AML mice and found significant enrichment of both Treg and Th17 CD4+ T cells in the bone marrow and spleen compartments. Ex vivo stimulation of CD4+ T cells also showed increased Th17 phenotype in AML mice. Moreover, co-culture of AML mouse-derived DCs and naïve OT-II cells preferentially skewed T cells into a Th17 phenotype. Together, our data suggests that FLT3-ITD+ leukemia-associated cDCs polarize CD4+ T cells into Th17 subsets, a population that has been shown to be negatively associated with survival in solid tumor contexts. This illustrates the complex tumor microenvironment of AML and highlights the need for further investigation into the effects of FLT3-ITD mutations on DC phenotypes and their downstream effects on Th polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A. Flynn
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Mark D. Long
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Yoko Kosaka
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Nicola Long
- Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jessica S. Mulkey
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jesse L. Coy
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Anupriya Agarwal
- Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Evan F. Lind
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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2
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Pino JC, Posso C, Joshi SK, Nestor M, Moon J, Hansen JR, Hutchinson-Bunch C, Gritsenko MA, Weitz KK, Watanabe-Smith K, Long N, McDermott JE, Druker BJ, Liu T, Tyner JW, Agarwal A, Traer E, Piehowski PD, Tognon CE, Rodland KD, Gosline SJC. Mapping the proteogenomic landscape enables prediction of drug response in acute myeloid leukemia. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101359. [PMID: 38232702 PMCID: PMC10829797 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia is a poor-prognosis cancer commonly stratified by genetic aberrations, but these mutations are often heterogeneous and fail to consistently predict therapeutic response. Here, we combine transcriptomic, proteomic, and phosphoproteomic datasets with ex vivo drug sensitivity data to help understand the underlying pathophysiology of AML beyond mutations. We measure the proteome and phosphoproteome of 210 patients and combine them with genomic and transcriptomic measurements to identify four proteogenomic subtypes that complement existing genetic subtypes. We build a predictor to classify samples into subtypes and map them to a "landscape" that identifies specific drug response patterns. We then build a drug response prediction model to identify drugs that target distinct subtypes and validate our findings on cell lines representing various stages of quizartinib resistance. Our results show how multiomics data together with drug sensitivity data can inform therapy stratification and drug combinations in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Pino
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Camilo Posso
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Sunil K Joshi
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Michael Nestor
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Jamie Moon
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Joshua R Hansen
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Chelsea Hutchinson-Bunch
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Marina A Gritsenko
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Karl K Weitz
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Kevin Watanabe-Smith
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nicola Long
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jason E McDermott
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Brian J Druker
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Tao Liu
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anupriya Agarwal
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Elie Traer
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Paul D Piehowski
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Cristina E Tognon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Karin D Rodland
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Sara J C Gosline
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
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3
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Long N, Le Gresley A, Wozniak A, Brough S, Wren SP. Synthesis and evaluation of druglike parameters via in silico techniques for a series of heterocyclic monosquarate-amide derivatives as potential carboxylic acid bioisosteres. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 98:117565. [PMID: 38142561 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present a synthetic compound library comprising of 13 structurally diverse heterocyclic monosquarate-amide derivatives. The compounds featured in this library were designed as potential bioisosteric replacements carboxylic acid moiety's. A good selection of the compounds presented exhibit unique molecular architecture and have shown promising results following in silico evaluation of 'druglike properties' using Swiss ADME. The research presented in this work focuses on the preparation of derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione, a known carboxylic acid bioisostere.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Long
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Faculty of Health, Science, Social Care and Education, Kingston University London, Penrhyn Road, Kingston, Surrey KT1 2EE, United Kingdom.
| | - A Le Gresley
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Faculty of Health, Science, Social Care and Education, Kingston University London, Penrhyn Road, Kingston, Surrey KT1 2EE, United Kingdom
| | - A Wozniak
- Asynt, Unit 29 Hall Barn Road Industrial Estate, Isleham, Cambridgeshire CB7 5RJ, United Kingdom
| | - S Brough
- Key Organics Ltd, Highfield Road Industrial Estate Camelford, Cornwall PL32 9RA, United Kingdom
| | - S P Wren
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Faculty of Health, Science, Social Care and Education, Kingston University London, Penrhyn Road, Kingston, Surrey KT1 2EE, United Kingdom.
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4
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Eide CA, Kurtz SE, Kaempf A, Long N, Joshi SK, Nechiporuk T, Huang A, Dibb CA, Taylor A, Bottomly D, McWeeney SK, Minnier J, Lachowiez CA, Saultz JN, Swords RT, Agarwal A, Chang BH, Druker BJ, Tyner JW. Clinical Correlates of Venetoclax-Based Combination Sensitivities to Augment Acute Myeloid Leukemia Therapy. Blood Cancer Discov 2023; 4:452-467. [PMID: 37698624 PMCID: PMC10618724 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-23-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax combined with the hypomethylating agent azacytidine shows significant clinical benefit in a subset of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML); however, resistance limits response and durability. We prospectively profiled the ex vivo activity of 25 venetoclax-inclusive combinations on primary AML patient samples to identify those with improved potency and synergy compared with venetoclax + azacytidine (Ven + azacytidine). Combination sensitivities correlated with tumor cell state to discern three patterns: primitive selectivity resembling Ven + azacytidine, monocytic selectivity, and broad efficacy independent of cell state. Incorporation of immunophenotype, mutation, and cytogenetic features further stratified combination sensitivity for distinct patient subtypes. We dissect the biology underlying the broad, cell state-independent efficacy for the combination of venetoclax plus the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib. Together, these findings support opportunities for expanding the impact of venetoclax-based drug combinations in AML by leveraging clinical and molecular biomarkers associated with ex vivo responses. SIGNIFICANCE By mapping drug sensitivity data to clinical features and tumor cell state, we identify novel venetoclax combinations targeting patient subtypes who lack sensitivity to Ven + azacytidine. This provides a framework for a taxonomy of AML informed by readily available sets of clinical and genetic features obtained as part of standard care. See related commentary by Becker, p. 437 . This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 419.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. Eide
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Stephen E. Kurtz
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Andy Kaempf
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Nicola Long
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Sunil Kumar Joshi
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Tamilla Nechiporuk
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Ariane Huang
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Charles A. Dibb
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Akosha Taylor
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Daniel Bottomly
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Shannon K. McWeeney
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jessica Minnier
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Curtis A. Lachowiez
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jennifer N. Saultz
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Ronan T. Swords
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Anupriya Agarwal
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Bill H. Chang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Doernbecher Children's Hospital, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Brian J. Druker
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jeffrey W. Tyner
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
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5
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Lefebvre F, Rogowski I, Long N, Blache Y. Influence of marker weights optimization on scapular kinematics estimated with a multibody kinematic optimization. J Biomech 2023; 159:111795. [PMID: 37699272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Scapular kinematic estimates are altered by soft tissue artefacts, therefore experimental and numerical methods should be developed to improve their accuracy. This study aimed to assess the influence of weights applied to the scapula markers within a closed-loop multibody kinematic optimization on scapular kinematic estimates. Fifteen healthy volunteers performed static postures mimicking analytical, daily living and sport movements. Scapulo-thoracic angles were computed either from a scapula locator as the reference, or from a closed-loop multibody-kinematic optimization (MKO) including a participant-specific point-on-ellipsoid scapulothoracic joint. Weights applied to scapula markers in the MKO were optimized to minimize the difference in scapular orientation from the reference. Optimizing weighting sets significantly (p < 0.0001) improved scapular orientation from 0.9° to 12.1° in comparison to scapular kinematics estimated with non-optimized weighting sets. The mean optimized weighting set contained no neglectable weight for all markers from the acromion to the medial border of the scapular spine but showed no significant difference (p = 0.547) compared to homogeneous weights. Optimized weighting sets were participant- and movement- specific. To conclude, homogenous weights applied on redundant markers located from acromion to scapular medial border spine are recommended when estimating scapular kinematics in upper limb MKO.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lefebvre
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, UR 7424, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; TRINOMA, Villefort, France.
| | - I Rogowski
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, UR 7424, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - N Long
- TRINOMA, Villefort, France
| | - Y Blache
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, UR 7424, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
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Yashar WM, Curtiss BM, Coleman DJ, VanCampen J, Kong G, Macaraeg J, Estabrook J, Demir E, Long N, Bottomly D, McWeeney SK, Tyner JW, Druker BJ, Maxson JE, Braun TP. Disruption of the MYC Superenhancer Complex by Dual Targeting of FLT3 and LSD1 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:631-647. [PMID: 36976323 PMCID: PMC10330306 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) are common drivers in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) yet FLT3 inhibitors only provide modest clinical benefit. Prior work has shown that inhibitors of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) enhance kinase inhibitor activity in AML. Here we show that combined LSD1 and FLT3 inhibition induces synergistic cell death in FLT3-mutant AML. Multi-omic profiling revealed that the drug combination disrupts STAT5, LSD1, and GFI1 binding at the MYC blood superenhancer, suppressing superenhancer accessibility as well as MYC expression and activity. The drug combination simultaneously results in the accumulation of repressive H3K9me1 methylation, an LSD1 substrate, at MYC target genes. We validated these findings in 72 primary AML samples with the nearly every sample demonstrating synergistic responses to the drug combination. Collectively, these studies reveal how epigenetic therapies augment the activity of kinase inhibitors in FLT3-ITD (internal tandem duplication) AML. IMPLICATIONS This work establishes the synergistic efficacy of combined FLT3 and LSD1 inhibition in FLT3-ITD AML by disrupting STAT5 and GFI1 binding at the MYC blood-specific superenhancer complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M. Yashar
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Brittany M. Curtiss
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Daniel J. Coleman
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Jake VanCampen
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Garth Kong
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Jommel Macaraeg
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Joseph Estabrook
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Emek Demir
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd; Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratories; Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Nicola Long
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Daniel Bottomly
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Shannon K. McWeeney
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Jeffrey W. Tyner
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Brian J. Druker
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Julia E. Maxson
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Theodore P. Braun
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, 97239, USA
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Romine KA, Bottomly D, Yashar W, Long N, Viehdorfer M, McWeeney SK, Tyner JW. Immune cell proportions correlate with clinicogenomic features and ex vivo drug responses in acute myeloid leukemia. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1192829. [PMID: 37361575 PMCID: PMC10285384 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1192829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The implementation of small-molecule and immunotherapies in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been challenging due to genetic and epigenetic variability amongst patients. There are many potential mechanisms by which immune cells could influence small-molecule or immunotherapy responses, yet, this area remains understudied. Methods Here we performed cell type enrichment analysis from over 560 AML patient bone marrow and peripheral blood samples from the Beat AML dataset to describe the functional immune landscape of AML. Results We identify multiple cell types that significantly correlate with AML clinical and genetic features, and we also observe significant correlations of immune cell proportions with ex vivo small-molecule and immunotherapy responses. Additionally, we generated a signature of terminally exhausted T cells (Tex) and identified AML with high monocytic proportions as strongly correlating with increased proportions of these immunosuppressive T cells. Discussion Our work, which is accessible through a new "Cell Type" module in our visualization platform (Vizome; http://vizome.org/), can be leveraged to investigate potential contributions of different immune cells on many facets of the biology of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A. Romine
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Daniel Bottomly
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - William Yashar
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Nicola Long
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Matthew Viehdorfer
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Shannon K. McWeeney
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jeffrey W. Tyner
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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8
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Savoy L, Long N, Lee H, Chen R, Allen B, Lin HY, Tognon C, Malhotra S, Tyner JW, Zhang H. CDK12/13 dual inhibitors are potential therapeutics for acute myeloid leukemia. Br J Haematol 2023. [PMID: 37182843 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Savoy
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Nicola Long
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Hyunjung Lee
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Reid Chen
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Basil Allen
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Hsin-Yun Lin
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Cristina Tognon
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Sanjay Malhotra
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Haijiao Zhang
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Li Y, Solis-Ruiz J, Yang F, Long N, Tong CH, Lacbawan FL, Racke FK, Press RD. NGS-defined measurable residual disease (MRD) after initial chemotherapy as a prognostic biomarker for acute myeloid leukemia. Blood Cancer J 2023; 13:59. [PMID: 37088803 PMCID: PMC10123056 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-023-00833-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Treated AML patients often have measurable residual disease (MRD) due to persisting low-level clones. This study assessed whether residual post-treatment somatic mutations, detected by NGS, were significantly prognostic for subsequent clinical outcomes. AML patients (n = 128) underwent both pre-and post-treatment testing with the same 42-gene MRD-validated NGS assay. After induction, 59 (46%) patients were mutation-negative (0.0024 VAF detection limit) and 69 (54%) had ≥1 persisting NGS-detectable mutation. Compared with NGS-negative patients, NGS-positive patients had shorter overall survival (17 months versus median not reached; P = 0.004; hazard ratio = 2.2 [95% CI: 1.3-3.7]) and a shorter time to relapse (14 months versus median not reached; P = 0.014; HR = 1.9 [95% CI: 1.1-3.1]). Among 95 patients with a complete morphologic remission (CR), 43 (45%) were MRD-positive by NGS and 52 (55%) were MRD-negative. These MRD-positive CR patients had a shorter overall survival (16.8 months versus median not reached; P = 0.013; HR = 2.1 [95% CI: 1.2-3.9]) than did the MRD-negative CR patients. Post-treatment persisting MRD positivity, defined by the same NGS-based test used at diagnosis, is thus a more sensitive biomarker for low-level leukemic clones compared to traditional non-molecular methods and is prognostic of subsequent relapse and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Li
- Quest Diagnostics, San Juan Capistrano, CA, USA
| | - Jose Solis-Ruiz
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nicola Long
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | | | | | - Richard D Press
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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10
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Bottomly D, Long N, Schultz AR, Kurtz SE, Tognon CE, Johnson K, Abel M, Agarwal A, Avaylon S, Benton E, Blucher A, Borate U, Braun TP, Brown J, Bryant J, Burke R, Carlos A, Chang BH, Cho HJ, Christy S, Coblentz C, Cohen AM, d'Almeida A, Cook R, Danilov A, Dao KHT, Degnin M, Dibb J, Eide CA, English I, Hagler S, Harrelson H, Henson R, Ho H, Joshi SK, Junio B, Kaempf A, Kosaka Y, Laderas T, Lawhead M, Lee H, Leonard JT, Lin C, Lind EF, Liu SQ, Lo P, Loriaux MM, Luty S, Maxson JE, Macey T, Martinez J, Minnier J, Monteblanco A, Mori M, Morrow Q, Nelson D, Ramsdill J, Rofelty A, Rogers A, Romine KA, Ryabinin P, Saultz JN, Sampson DA, Savage SL, Schuff R, Searles R, Smith RL, Spurgeon SE, Sweeney T, Swords RT, Thapa A, Thiel-Klare K, Traer E, Wagner J, Wilmot B, Wolf J, Wu G, Yates A, Zhang H, Cogle CR, Collins RH, Deininger MW, Hourigan CS, Jordan CT, Lin TL, Martinez ME, Pallapati RR, Pollyea DA, Pomicter AD, Watts JM, Weir SJ, Druker BJ, McWeeney SK, Tyner JW. Integrative analysis of drug response and clinical outcome in acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:850-864.e9. [PMID: 35868306 PMCID: PMC9378589 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a cancer of myeloid-lineage cells with limited therapeutic options. We previously combined ex vivo drug sensitivity with genomic, transcriptomic, and clinical annotations for a large cohort of AML patients, which facilitated discovery of functional genomic correlates. Here, we present a dataset that has been harmonized with our initial report to yield a cumulative cohort of 805 patients (942 specimens). We show strong cross-cohort concordance and identify features of drug response. Further, deconvoluting transcriptomic data shows that drug sensitivity is governed broadly by AML cell differentiation state, sometimes conditionally affecting other correlates of response. Finally, modeling of clinical outcome reveals a single gene, PEAR1, to be among the strongest predictors of patient survival, especially for young patients. Collectively, this report expands a large functional genomic resource, offers avenues for mechanistic exploration and drug development, and reveals tools for predicting outcome in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bottomly
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Nicola Long
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Anna Reister Schultz
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Stephen E Kurtz
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Cristina E Tognon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Kara Johnson
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Melissa Abel
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Anupriya Agarwal
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Molecular & Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Oncologic Sciences, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Sammantha Avaylon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Erik Benton
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Aurora Blucher
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Uma Borate
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, James Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Theodore P Braun
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jordana Brown
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jade Bryant
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Russell Burke
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Amy Carlos
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Bill H Chang
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Hyun Jun Cho
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Stephen Christy
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Cody Coblentz
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Aaron M Cohen
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Amanda d'Almeida
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Rachel Cook
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Alexey Danilov
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | | | - Michie Degnin
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - James Dibb
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Christopher A Eide
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Isabel English
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Stuart Hagler
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Heath Harrelson
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Rachel Henson
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Hibery Ho
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Sunil K Joshi
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Brian Junio
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Andy Kaempf
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Biostatistics Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Yoko Kosaka
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | | | - Matt Lawhead
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Hyunjung Lee
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jessica T Leonard
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Chenwei Lin
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Evan F Lind
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Selina Qiuying Liu
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Pierrette Lo
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Marc M Loriaux
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Samuel Luty
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Julia E Maxson
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Oncologic Sciences, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Tara Macey
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jacqueline Martinez
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jessica Minnier
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Biostatistics Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, VA Portland Health Care System, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Andrea Monteblanco
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Motomi Mori
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Quinlan Morrow
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Dylan Nelson
- High-Throughput Screening Services Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Justin Ramsdill
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Angela Rofelty
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Alexandra Rogers
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Kyle A Romine
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Peter Ryabinin
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jennifer N Saultz
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - David A Sampson
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Samantha L Savage
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | | | - Robert Searles
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Rebecca L Smith
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Stephen E Spurgeon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Tyler Sweeney
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Ronan T Swords
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Aashis Thapa
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Karina Thiel-Klare
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Elie Traer
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jake Wagner
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Beth Wilmot
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Joelle Wolf
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Guanming Wu
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Amy Yates
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Haijiao Zhang
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Oncologic Sciences, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Christopher R Cogle
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Robert H Collins
- Department of Internal Medicine/ Hematology Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8565, USA
| | - Michael W Deininger
- Division of Hematology & Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Christopher S Hourigan
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814-1476, USA
| | - Craig T Jordan
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80045, USA
| | - Tara L Lin
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS 66205, USA
| | - Micaela E Martinez
- Clinical Research Services, University of Miami Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Rachel R Pallapati
- Clinical Research Services, University of Miami Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Daniel A Pollyea
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80045, USA
| | - Anthony D Pomicter
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Justin M Watts
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Scott J Weir
- Department of Cancer Biology, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Brian J Druker
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Shannon K McWeeney
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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Yang F, Long N, Anekpuritanang T, Bottomly D, Savage JC, Lee T, Solis-Ruiz J, Borate U, Wilmot B, Tognon C, Bock AM, Pollyea DA, Radhakrishnan S, Radhakrishnan S, Patel P, Collins RH, Tantravahi S, Deininger MW, Fan G, Druker B, Shinde U, Tyner JW, Press RD, McWeeney S, Agarwal A. Identification and prioritization of myeloid malignancy germline variants in a large cohort of adult patients with AML. Blood 2022; 139:1208-1221. [PMID: 34482403 PMCID: PMC9211447 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021011354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited predisposition to myeloid malignancies is more common than previously appreciated. We analyzed the whole-exome sequencing data of paired leukemia and skin biopsy samples from 391 adult patients from the Beat AML 1.0 consortium. Using the 2015 American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines for variant interpretation, we curated 1547 unique variants from 228 genes. The pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) germline variants were identified in 53 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients (13.6%) in 34 genes, including 6.39% (25/391) of patients harboring P/LP variants in genes considered clinically actionable (tier 1). 41.5% of the 53 patients with P/LP variants were in genes associated with the DNA damage response. The most frequently mutated genes were CHEK2 (8 patients) and DDX41 (7 patients). Pathogenic germline variants were also found in new candidate genes (DNAH5, DNAH9, DNMT3A, and SUZ12). No strong correlation was found between the germline mutational rate and age of AML onset. Among 49 patients who have a reported history of at least one family member affected with hematological malignancies, 6 patients harbored known P/LP germline variants and the remaining patients had at least one variant of uncertain significance, suggesting a need for further functional validation studies. Using CHEK2 as an example, we show that three-dimensional protein modeling can be one of the effective methodologies to prioritize variants of unknown significance for functional studies. Further, we evaluated an in silico approach that applies ACMG curation in an automated manner using the tool for assessment and (TAPES) prioritization in exome studies, which can minimize manual curation time for variants. Overall, our findings suggest a need to comprehensively understand the predisposition potential of many germline variants in order to enable closer monitoring for disease management and treatment interventions for affected patients and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Nicola Long
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Tauangtham Anekpuritanang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok
| | - Daniel Bottomly
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Division of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology and
| | - Jonathan C Savage
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Chemical Physiology & Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Tiffany Lee
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Jose Solis-Ruiz
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Uma Borate
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Beth Wilmot
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Division of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology and
| | - Cristina Tognon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Allison M Bock
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | | | | | | | - Prapti Patel
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | | | | | - Guang Fan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Brian Druker
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Ujwal Shinde
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Chemical Physiology & Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology
| | - Richard D Press
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Shannon McWeeney
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Division of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology and
| | - Anupriya Agarwal
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, and
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
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12
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Baron K, Stenger E, Chen X, Long N, Stanczak H, Ullman M, Szabolcs P. Evaluation of buffers to optimize thawing of cryopreserved products for regulatory T cell isolation. Cytotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465324921005557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Long N, Ran C, Sun J, Hao CJ, Sui YB, Li J, Shi YX, Zou ZX, Qu YH. Correlation study between the magnetic resonance imaging features of breast cancer and expression of immune molecular subtypes. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:11518-11527. [PMID: 33275218 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202011_23793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation between breast cancer magnetic resonance imaging features and immune molecular subtypes. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 129 breast cancer patients were selected as the research object. All the patients were diagnosed by histopathology. All of them had breast magnetic resonance imaging and examination data of immunohistochemical (IHC) ER, PR, HER-2, and Ki-67. The correlation of breast cancer magnetic resonance imaging features with different immune molecular subtypes was retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS Breast cancer is divided into different molecular subtypes. There were 72 cases with Luminal A type (55.81%), 20 cases with Luminal B type (15.50%), 14 cases with HER-2+ type (HER-2 type for over-expression) (10.85%), 23 cases with TNBC type (ER, PR and HER-2 were negative) (17.84%). The magnetic resonance imaging features of breast cancer were included, the post-enhanced morphology, margins, internal enhancement features, time-signal intensity curve (TIC) and molecular subtype expression of lesions were significantly correlated with the immune molecular subtypes (C=0.602, 0.439, 0.350 and 0.407, p=0.000, 0.000, 0.006 and 0.000). Lesion morphology: Luminal A type was mainly oval, accounting for 76.39% (55/76). Luminal B type and HER-2+ type was mainly irregular, accounting for 75.00% (15/20) and 64.29% (9/14) respectively. TNBC type was mainly shown as lobulation, accounting for 60.87% (14/23). Margin of the lesion: Luminal A type was mainly smooth margin, accounting for 73.61% (53/72). Luminal B type and TNBC type were mainly irregular margin, accounting for 70.00% (14/20) and 56.52% (13/23) respectively. The margin of HER-2+ type was mainly spiculation, accounting for 64.29% (9/14). The internal enhancement features: Luminal A type was mainly even enhancement, accounting for 62.50% (45/72). Luminal B type and HER-2+ type were mainly heterogeneous enhancement, accounting for 65.00% (13/20) and 64.29% (9/14) respectively. TNBC type was mainly annular enhancement, accounting for 73.91% (17/23). TIC type: Luminal A type was mainly Type II, accounting for 66.67% (48/72). Luminal B, HER-2+ type and TNBC type was mainly Type III, accounting for 70.00% (14/20), 64.29% (9/14) and 60.87% (14/23) respectively. The clinical signs include painless breast lumps, bloody breast discharge, and orange peel-like skin changes, nipple retraction and nipple elevation. There is no significant correlation between the above signs and the expression of molecular subtypes (C=0.014, 0.129, 0.154, 0.097 and 0.057, p=0.999, 0.533, 0.447, 0.747 and 0.935 respectively), the difference is not statistically significant (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The characteristics of breast cancer magnetic resonance imaging was certainly correlated with the expression of immune molecular subtypes. The breast cancer molecular subtypes can be predicted by the imaging signs, which can provide valuable information for preoperative neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Long
- Department of Medical Image, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China.
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Qu YH, Long N, Ran C, Sun J. The correlation of 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters, clinicopathological factors, and prognosis in breast cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 23:620-627. [PMID: 32683540 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02457-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the imaging parameters of 18F-fluorodeoxy glucose (18F-FDG) in breast cancer on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT)-the correlation of clinical pathological factors and prognosis among the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of lesions for patients. METHODS From January 2012 to December 2014, a total of 125 female patients were treated in our hospital for the first time and were diagnosed as breast cancer by histopathology. They were selected as the research subjects. All of them had complete 18F-FDG PET/CT examination data before surgery, the postoperative clinicopathological information, and follow-up data. They were divided into the event group (38 cases) and the event-free group (87 cases) according to whether local recurrence or distant metastasis occurred after the follow-up, with the follow-up time 4-60 months. The correlation on 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters of breast cancer with clinicopathological factors and prognosis was retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS The primary lesions of 125 cases with breast cancers all had higher 18F-FDG uptake, and the SUVmax, MTV, and TLG of the primary tumors in the event group were significantly higher than those in the event-free group (t = 2.645, 2.782, 15.263, p = 0.011, 0.008, 0.000), p < 0.05; SUVmax, MTV, and TLG of primary breast cancer have no correlation with age and tumor site of patient (p > 0.05); there were statistically significant differences in the SUVmax, MTV, and TLG of primary tumor in the comparison of different tumor size, T stage, N stage, and histological grades (p < 0.05); all of SUVmax, MTV, and TLG in the estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) positive groups were lower than those in the negative group, with statistically significant difference (p < 0.05); the SUVmax, MTV, and TLG of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive group, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Ki-67) high expression group were higher than those in the negative group and low expression group, with statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). There were 38 recurrence and metastasis cases within 125 cases with breast cancer in 5 years after operation, with the total recurrence and metastasis rate as 30.40% (38/125). The event-free survival rate in the SUVmax ≥ 8.64 group was significantly lower than that in the SUVmax < 8.64 group (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The metabolic parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT in breast cancer can reflect the biological behavior of the tumor indirectly; therefore, it was studied on the related correlation to provide the guidance of clinical individualized comprehensive treatment and prognostic judgment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-H Qu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qindao University, No. 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - N Long
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qindao University, No. 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - C Ran
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qindao University, No. 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - J Sun
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qindao University, No. 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264000, China.
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15
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Eide CA, Kurtz SE, Kaempf A, Long N, Agarwal A, Tognon CE, Mori M, Druker BJ, Chang BH, Danilov AV, Tyner JW. Simultaneous kinase inhibition with ibrutinib and BCL2 inhibition with venetoclax offers a therapeutic strategy for acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2020; 34:2342-2353. [PMID: 32094466 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0764-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) results from the enhanced proliferation and impaired differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Using an ex vivo functional screening assay, we identified that the combination of the BTK inhibitor ibrutinib and BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax (IBR + VEN), currently in clinical trials for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), demonstrated enhanced efficacy on primary AML patient specimens, AML cell lines, and in a mouse xenograft model of AML. Expanded analyses among a large cohort of hematologic malignancies (n = 651 patients) revealed that IBR + VEN sensitivity associated with selected genetic and phenotypic features in both CLL and AML specimens. Among AML samples, 11q23 MLL rearrangements were highly sensitive to IBR + VEN. Analysis of differentially expressed genes with respect to IBR + VEN sensitivity indicated pathways preferentially enriched in patient samples with reduced ex vivo sensitivity, including IL-10 signaling. These findings suggest that IBR + VEN may represent an effective therapeutic option for patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Eide
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Stephen E Kurtz
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Andy Kaempf
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nicola Long
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anupriya Agarwal
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Cristina E Tognon
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Motomi Mori
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Portland State University and Oregon Health & Science University School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Brian J Druker
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Bill H Chang
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Alexey V Danilov
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. .,Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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16
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Zhang H, Wilmot B, Bottomly D, Dao KHT, Stevens E, Eide CA, Khanna V, Rofelty A, Savage S, Reister Schultz A, Long N, White L, Carlos A, Henson R, Lin C, Searles R, Collins RH, DeAngelo DJ, Deininger MW, Dunn T, Hein T, Luskin MR, Medeiros BC, Oh ST, Pollyea DA, Steensma DP, Stone RM, Druker BJ, McWeeney SK, Maxson JE, Gotlib JR, Tyner JW. Genomic landscape of neutrophilic leukemias of ambiguous diagnosis. Blood 2019; 134:867-879. [PMID: 31366621 PMCID: PMC6742922 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019000611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL), atypical chronic myeloid leukemia (aCML), and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms, unclassifiable (MDS/MPN-U) are a group of rare and heterogeneous myeloid disorders. There is strong morphologic resemblance among these distinct diagnostic entities as well as a lack of specific molecular markers and limited understanding of disease pathogenesis, which has made diagnosis challenging in certain cases. The treatment has remained empirical, resulting in dismal outcomes. We, therefore, performed whole-exome and RNA sequencing of these rare hematologic malignancies and present the most complete survey of the genomic landscape of these diseases to date. We observed a diversity of combinatorial mutational patterns that generally do not cluster within any one diagnosis. Gene expression analysis reveals enrichment, but not cosegregation, of clinical and genetic disease features with transcriptional clusters. In conclusion, these groups of diseases represent a continuum of related diseases rather than discrete diagnostic entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiao Zhang
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Beth Wilmot
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Daniel Bottomly
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | | | - Emily Stevens
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Christopher A Eide
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD
| | - Vishesh Khanna
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD
| | - Angela Rofelty
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Samantha Savage
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Anna Reister Schultz
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Nicola Long
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Libbey White
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Amy Carlos
- Integrated Genomics Laboratories, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Rachel Henson
- Integrated Genomics Laboratories, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Chenwei Lin
- Integrated Genomics Laboratories, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Robert Searles
- Integrated Genomics Laboratories, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Robert H Collins
- Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Daniel J DeAngelo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Tamara Dunn
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Than Hein
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Marlise R Luskin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Bruno C Medeiros
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Stephen T Oh
- Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; and
| | - Daniel A Pollyea
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - David P Steensma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Richard M Stone
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Brian J Druker
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD
| | - Shannon K McWeeney
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | | | - Jason R Gotlib
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
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17
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Edwards DK, Watanabe-Smith K, Rofelty A, Damnernsawad A, Laderas T, Lamble A, Lind EF, Kaempf A, Mori M, Rosenberg M, d'Almeida A, Long N, Agarwal A, Sweeney DT, Loriaux M, McWeeney SK, Tyner JW. CSF1R inhibitors exhibit antitumor activity in acute myeloid leukemia by blocking paracrine signals from support cells. Blood 2019; 133:588-599. [PMID: 30425048 PMCID: PMC6367650 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-03-838946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify new therapeutic targets in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we performed small-molecule and small-interfering RNA (siRNA) screens of primary AML patient samples. In 23% of samples, we found sensitivity to inhibition of colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) receptor (CSF1R), a receptor tyrosine kinase responsible for survival, proliferation, and differentiation of myeloid-lineage cells. Sensitivity to CSF1R inhibitor GW-2580 was found preferentially in de novo and favorable-risk patients, and resistance to GW-2580 was associated with reduced overall survival. Using flow cytometry, we discovered that CSF1R is not expressed on the majority of leukemic blasts but instead on a subpopulation of supportive cells. Comparison of CSF1R-expressing cells in AML vs healthy donors by mass cytometry revealed expression of unique cell-surface markers. The quantity of CSF1R-expressing cells correlated with GW-2580 sensitivity. Exposure of primary AML patient samples to a panel of recombinant cytokines revealed that CSF1R inhibitor sensitivity correlated with a growth response to CSF1R ligand, CSF1, and other cytokines, including hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). The addition of CSF1 increased the secretion of HGF and other cytokines in conditioned media from AML patient samples, whereas adding GW-2580 reduced their secretion. In untreated cells, HGF levels correlated significantly with GW-2580 sensitivity. Finally, recombinant HGF and HS-5-conditioned media rescued cell viability after GW-2580 treatment in AML patient samples. Our results suggest that CSF1R-expressing cells support the bulk leukemia population through the secretion of HGF and other cytokines. This study identifies CSF1R as a novel therapeutic target of AML and provides a mechanism of paracrine cytokine/growth factor signaling in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David K Edwards
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute
| | | | - Angela Rofelty
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute
| | | | - Ted Laderas
- Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, and
| | - Adam Lamble
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute
| | - Evan F Lind
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute
| | - Andy Kaempf
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; and
| | - Motomi Mori
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; and
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University, Portland, OR
| | - Mara Rosenberg
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute
| | - Amanda d'Almeida
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute
| | - Nicola Long
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute
| | - Anupriya Agarwal
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute
| | | | - Marc Loriaux
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute
| | | | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute
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18
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Zhang H, Paliga A, Hobbs E, Moore S, Olson S, Long N, Dao KHT, Tyner JW. Two myeloid leukemia cases with rare FLT3 fusions. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2018; 4:a003079. [PMID: 30559310 PMCID: PMC6318770 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a003079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic rearrangements involving FLT3 are rare and only recently have been detected in myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms associated with eosinophilia (MLN-eos) and chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Here we report two cases with FLT3 fusions in patients demonstrating mixed features of myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms. In the first case, FLT3 was fused with a new fusion partner MYO18A in a patient with marrow features most consistent with atypical chronic myeloid leukemia; the second case involving ETV6-FLT3 fusion was observed in a case with bone marrow features most consistent with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Notably, we observed that samples from both patients demonstrated FLT3 inhibitor (quizartinib and sorafenib) sensitivity in ex vivo drug screening assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiao Zhang
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Aleksandra Paliga
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Evie Hobbs
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Stephen Moore
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Susan Olson
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Nicola Long
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Kim-Hien T Dao
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
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19
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Arbour K, Shen R, Plodkowski A, Rizvi H, Ni A, Long N, Halpenny D, Sanchez-Vega F, Rudin C, Riely G, Hellmann M. MA19.09 Concurrent Mutations in STK11 and KEAP1 is Associated with Resistance to PD-(L)1 Blockade in Patients with NSCLC Despite High TMB. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Tyner JW, Tognon CE, Bottomly D, Wilmot B, Kurtz SE, Savage SL, Long N, Schultz AR, Traer E, Abel M, Agarwal A, Blucher A, Borate U, Bryant J, Burke R, Carlos A, Carpenter R, Carroll J, Chang BH, Coblentz C, d'Almeida A, Cook R, Danilov A, Dao KHT, Degnin M, Devine D, Dibb J, Edwards DK, Eide CA, English I, Glover J, Henson R, Ho H, Jemal A, Johnson K, Johnson R, Junio B, Kaempf A, Leonard J, Lin C, Liu SQ, Lo P, Loriaux MM, Luty S, Macey T, MacManiman J, Martinez J, Mori M, Nelson D, Nichols C, Peters J, Ramsdill J, Rofelty A, Schuff R, Searles R, Segerdell E, Smith RL, Spurgeon SE, Sweeney T, Thapa A, Visser C, Wagner J, Watanabe-Smith K, Werth K, Wolf J, White L, Yates A, Zhang H, Cogle CR, Collins RH, Connolly DC, Deininger MW, Drusbosky L, Hourigan CS, Jordan CT, Kropf P, Lin TL, Martinez ME, Medeiros BC, Pallapati RR, Pollyea DA, Swords RT, Watts JM, Weir SJ, Wiest DL, Winters RM, McWeeney SK, Druker BJ. Functional genomic landscape of acute myeloid leukaemia. Nature 2018; 562:526-531. [PMID: 30333627 PMCID: PMC6280667 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0623-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 719] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of targeted therapies for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has been challenging because of the complex mutational patterns within and across patients as well as a dearth of pharmacologic agents for most mutational events. Here we report initial findings from the Beat AML programme on a cohort of 672 tumour specimens collected from 562 patients. We assessed these specimens using whole-exome sequencing, RNA sequencing and analyses of ex vivo drug sensitivity. Our data reveal mutational events that have not previously been detected in AML. We show that the response to drugs is associated with mutational status, including instances of drug sensitivity that are specific to combinatorial mutational events. Integration with RNA sequencing also revealed gene expression signatures, which predict a role for specific gene networks in the drug response. Collectively, we have generated a dataset-accessible through the Beat AML data viewer (Vizome)-that can be leveraged to address clinical, genomic, transcriptomic and functional analyses of the biology of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Tyner
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Cristina E Tognon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Daniel Bottomly
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Beth Wilmot
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Oregon Clinical & Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Stephen E Kurtz
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Samantha L Savage
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nicola Long
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anna Reister Schultz
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Elie Traer
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Melissa Abel
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anupriya Agarwal
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Molecular & Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Aurora Blucher
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Uma Borate
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jade Bryant
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Russell Burke
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Amy Carlos
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Integrated Genomics Laboratories, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Richie Carpenter
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Joseph Carroll
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Technology Transfer & Business Development, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Bill H Chang
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Cody Coblentz
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Amanda d'Almeida
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Rachel Cook
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Alexey Danilov
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kim-Hien T Dao
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Michie Degnin
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Deirdre Devine
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - James Dibb
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - David K Edwards
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Christopher A Eide
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Isabel English
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jason Glover
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Rachel Henson
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Integrated Genomics Laboratories, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Hibery Ho
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Abdusebur Jemal
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kara Johnson
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ryan Johnson
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Brian Junio
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Andy Kaempf
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jessica Leonard
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Chenwei Lin
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Integrated Genomics Laboratories, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Selina Qiuying Liu
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Pierrette Lo
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Marc M Loriaux
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Dapartment of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Samuel Luty
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Tara Macey
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jason MacManiman
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jacqueline Martinez
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Motomi Mori
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Dylan Nelson
- High-Throughput Screening Services Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvalis, OR, USA
| | - Ceilidh Nichols
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jill Peters
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Justin Ramsdill
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Oregon Clinical & Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Angela Rofelty
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Robert Schuff
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Oregon Clinical & Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Robert Searles
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Integrated Genomics Laboratories, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Erik Segerdell
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Rebecca L Smith
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Stephen E Spurgeon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Tyler Sweeney
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Aashis Thapa
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Corinne Visser
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jake Wagner
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kevin Watanabe-Smith
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kristen Werth
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Joelle Wolf
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Libbey White
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Amy Yates
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Oregon Clinical & Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Haijiao Zhang
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Christopher R Cogle
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Robert H Collins
- Department of Internal Medicine/Hematology Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Denise C Connolly
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Fox Chase Cancer Center Biosample Repository Facility, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael W Deininger
- Division of Hematology & Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Leylah Drusbosky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Christopher S Hourigan
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Craig T Jordan
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Patricia Kropf
- Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tara L Lin
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Micaela E Martinez
- Clinical Research Services, University of Miami Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Bruno C Medeiros
- Department of Medicine-Hematology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rachel R Pallapati
- Clinical Research Services, University of Miami Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Ronan T Swords
- Department of Hematology, University of Miami Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Justin M Watts
- Department of Hematology, University of Miami Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Scott J Weir
- Department of Toxicology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - David L Wiest
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ryan M Winters
- Fox Chase Cancer Center Biosample Repository Facility, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shannon K McWeeney
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Oregon Clinical & Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Brian J Druker
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Portland, OR, USA.
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Derosa L, Hellmann MD, Spaziano M, Halpenny D, Fidelle M, Rizvi H, Long N, Plodkowski AJ, Arbour KC, Chaft JE, Rouche JA, Zitvogel L, Zalcman G, Albiges L, Escudier B, Routy B. Negative association of antibiotics on clinical activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced renal cell and non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2018; 29:1437-1444. [PMID: 29617710 PMCID: PMC6354674 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 562] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The composition of gut microbiota affects antitumor immune responses, preclinical and clinical outcome following immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in cancer. Antibiotics (ATB) alter gut microbiota diversity and composition leading to dysbiosis, which may affect effectiveness of ICI. Patients and methods We examined patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with anti-programmed cell death ligand-1 mAb monotherapy or combination at two academic institutions. Those receiving ATB within 30 days of beginning ICI were compared with those who did not. Objective response, progression-free survival (PFS) determined by RECIST1.1 and overall survival (OS) were assessed. Results Sixteen of 121 (13%) RCC patients and 48 of 239 (20%) NSCLC patients received ATB. The most common ATB were β-lactam or quinolones for pneumonia or urinary tract infections. In RCC patients, ATB compared with no ATB was associated with increased risk of primary progressive disease (PD) (75% versus 22%, P < 0.01), shorter PFS [median 1.9 versus 7.4 months, hazard ratio (HR) 3.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4-6.9, P < 0.01], and shorter OS (median 17.3 versus 30.6 months, HR 3.5, 95% CI 1.1-10.8, P = 0.03). In NSCLC patients, ATB was associated with similar rates of primary PD (52% versus 43%, P = 0.26) but decreased PFS (median 1.9 versus 3.8 months, HR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.2, P = 0.03) and OS (median 7.9 versus 24.6 months, HR 4.4, 95% CI 2.6-7.7, P < 0.01). In multivariate analyses, the impact of ATB remained significant for PFS in RCC and for OS in NSCLC. Conclusion ATB were associated with reduced clinical benefit from ICI in RCC and NSCLC. Modulatation of ATB-related dysbiosis and gut microbiota composition may be a strategy to improve clinical outcomes with ICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Derosa
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France; Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015; Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - M D Hellmann
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, New York, USA
| | - M Spaziano
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - D Halpenny
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - M Fidelle
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France; Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015; Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - H Rizvi
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - N Long
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - A J Plodkowski
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - K C Arbour
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - J E Chaft
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - J A Rouche
- Department of Imaging, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - L Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France; Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015; Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France
| | - G Zalcman
- Thoracic Oncology Department-CIC1425/CLIP2 Paris-Nord, Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, AP-HP, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - L Albiges
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Immunologie Intégrative des Tumeurs et Génétique Oncologique, GRCC, Villejuif, France
| | - B Escudier
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France; Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Immunologie Intégrative des Tumeurs et Génétique Oncologique, GRCC, Villejuif, France
| | - B Routy
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France; Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015; Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Canada; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada.
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Skoulidis F, Albacker L, Hellmann M, Awad M, Gainor J, Goldberg M, Schrock A, Gay L, Elvin J, Ross J, Rizvi H, Carter B, Erasmus J, Halpenny D, Plodkowski A, Long N, Nishino-Habatu M, Denning W, Rodriguez-Canales J, Villalobos P, Cuentas EP, Sholl L, Sauter J, Elamin Y, Zhang J, Leonardi G, Wong K, Stephens P, Papadimitrakopoulou V, Wistuba I, Wolchok J, Shaw A, Jänne P, Rudin C, Miller V, Heymach J. MA 05.02 STK11/LKB1 Loss of Function Genomic Alterations Predict Primary Resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 Axis Blockade in KRAS-Mutant NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Long N, Tchekneva E, Antonucci A, Carbone D, Magliery T, Mikhail D. Reagents Based on Notch Ligands as a Novel Type of Immunotherapeutics. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Beauchamp S, Borkon A, Karl K, Aggarwal S, Kao A, Magalski A, Allen K, Austin B, Khumari T, Lawhorn S, Long N, Wang J, Davis R, Thompson E, Pak A. Cocaine Use Does Not Contribute to Accelerated CAD as Determined by Angiography or IVUS. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Long N, Liu N, Liu X, Li J, Cai B, Cai X. Endometrial expression of telomerase, progesterone, and estrogen receptors during the implantation window in patients with recurrent implantation failure. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7849. [DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Long N, Yerly C, Perey L. Mesure de la complexité de la prise en charge et de l’évaluation contextuelle du patient dans un service d’oncologie ambulatoire, une approche novatrice avec INTERMED. PSYCHO-ONCOLOGIE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11839-015-0515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
A 23-year-old woman presented to the emergency department (ED) with a 3-day history of lower back pain. She had seen her general practitioner 2 days previously who prescribed trimethoprim for a confirmed urinary tract infection. Routine admission observations showed she was tachycardic, tachypnoeic and slightly hypotensive but non-feverish with normal oxygen saturations. Her urine sample revealed that she was pregnant but was otherwise negative. The patient maintained that she was unaware she was pregnant. She was reviewed by an ED staff grade who was suspicious of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. She was subsequently referred to the obstetrics and gynaecology registrar who on examination found she had a gravid uterus and vaginal examination revealed that her cervix was 8 cm dilated. The patient was very promptly admitted onto the labour ward for further assessment. She gave birth to a live male infant in the early hours of the next morning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola Long
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Torbay Hospital, Torquay, UK
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Long N, Ng S, Donnelly G, Owens M, McNicholas M, McCarthy K, McCaul C. Anatomical characterisation of the cricothyroid membrane in females of childbearing age using computed tomography. Int J Obstet Anesth 2014; 23:29-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ornella L, Pérez P, Tapia E, González-Camacho JM, Burgueño J, Zhang X, Singh S, Vicente FS, Bonnett D, Dreisigacker S, Singh R, Long N, Crossa J. Genomic-enabled prediction with classification algorithms. Heredity (Edinb) 2014; 112:616-26. [PMID: 24424163 PMCID: PMC4023444 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2013.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pearson's correlation coefficient (ρ) is the most commonly reported metric of the success of prediction in genomic selection (GS). However, in real breeding ρ may not be very useful for assessing the quality of the regression in the tails of the distribution, where individuals are chosen for selection. This research used 14 maize and 16 wheat data sets with different trait–environment combinations. Six different models were evaluated by means of a cross-validation scheme (50 random partitions each, with 90% of the individuals in the training set and 10% in the testing set). The predictive accuracy of these algorithms for selecting individuals belonging to the best α=10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40% of the distribution was estimated using Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ) and an ad hoc measure, which we call relative efficiency (RE), which indicates the expected genetic gain due to selection when individuals are selected based on GS exclusively. We put special emphasis on the analysis for α=15%, because it is a percentile commonly used in plant breeding programmes (for example, at CIMMYT). We also used ρ as a criterion for overall success. The algorithms used were: Bayesian LASSO (BL), Ridge Regression (RR), Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces (RHKS), Random Forest Regression (RFR), and Support Vector Regression (SVR) with linear (lin) and Gaussian kernels (rbf). The performance of regression methods for selecting the best individuals was compared with that of three supervised classification algorithms: Random Forest Classification (RFC) and Support Vector Classification (SVC) with linear (lin) and Gaussian (rbf) kernels. Classification methods were evaluated using the same cross-validation scheme but with the response vector of the original training sets dichotomised using a given threshold. For α=15%, SVC-lin presented the highest κ coefficients in 13 of the 14 maize data sets, with best values ranging from 0.131 to 0.722 (statistically significant in 9 data sets) and the best RE in the same 13 data sets, with values ranging from 0.393 to 0.948 (statistically significant in 12 data sets). RR produced the best mean for both κ and RE in one data set (0.148 and 0.381, respectively). Regarding the wheat data sets, SVC-lin presented the best κ in 12 of the 16 data sets, with outcomes ranging from 0.280 to 0.580 (statistically significant in 4 data sets) and the best RE in 9 data sets ranging from 0.484 to 0.821 (statistically significant in 5 data sets). SVC-rbf (0.235), RR (0.265) and RHKS (0.422) gave the best κ in one data set each, while RHKS and BL tied for the last one (0.234). Finally, BL presented the best RE in two data sets (0.738 and 0.750), RFR (0.636) and SVC-rbf (0.617) in one and RHKS in the remaining three (0.502, 0.458 and 0.586). The difference between the performance of SVC-lin and that of the rest of the models was not so pronounced at higher percentiles of the distribution. The behaviour of regression and classification algorithms varied markedly when selection was done at different thresholds, that is, κ and RE for each algorithm depended strongly on the selection percentile. Based on the results, we propose classification method as a promising alternative for GS in plant breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ornella
- French-Argentine International Center for Information and Systems Sciences (CIFASIS), Rosario, Argentina
| | - P Pérez
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, Edo. de México, México DF, Mexico
| | - E Tapia
- French-Argentine International Center for Information and Systems Sciences (CIFASIS), Rosario, Argentina
| | | | - J Burgueño
- Biometrics and Statistics Unit, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), México DF, Mexico
| | - X Zhang
- Biometrics and Statistics Unit, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), México DF, Mexico
| | - S Singh
- Biometrics and Statistics Unit, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), México DF, Mexico
| | - F S Vicente
- Biometrics and Statistics Unit, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), México DF, Mexico
| | - D Bonnett
- Biometrics and Statistics Unit, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), México DF, Mexico
| | - S Dreisigacker
- Biometrics and Statistics Unit, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), México DF, Mexico
| | - R Singh
- Biometrics and Statistics Unit, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), México DF, Mexico
| | - N Long
- Center for Human Genome Variation, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - J Crossa
- Biometrics and Statistics Unit, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), México DF, Mexico
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Long N, Ng S, Donnelly G, Owens M, McNicholas M, McCarthy K, McCaul C. Anatomical characterisation of the cricothyroid membrane in females of childbearing age using computed tomography. Int J Obstet Anesth 2013; 23:10-7. [PMID: 24291169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the event of failure to secure the airway by conventional means, it may be necessary to perform invasive airway access via the cricothyroid membrane. No studies have addressed anatomy of this structure in the obstetric population. We aimed to review the anatomical variation of this structure in a population of childbearing age. METHODS We searched the radiology database for computed tomography studies of the neck performed in a 13-month period in consecutive patients aged 15-55 years. Studies on 18 females and 22 males were reviewed. Male patients were included for comparison. Data were reconstructed using a high spatial frequency algorithm to optimise spatial resolution. Five parameters were measured: distance from the skin to the membrane, maximum midline height of the membrane in the vertical plane, maximum transverse diameter of the membrane, neck diameter and cartilaginous calcification. RESULTS The distance (mean range) from skin to the membrane was similar in females and males (16.2 [3-33] vs. 13.9 [3-37] mm, P = 0.42). The vertical height (9.9 [7-17] vs. 11.4 [8-15] mm, P = 0.04) and maximum width of the membrane (14.5 [10-17] mm vs. 12.5 [10-15] mm, P < 0.01) were greater in males. Cartilaginous calcification was low and did not differ between genders. CONCLUSIONS The cricothyroid membrane is not necessarily a superficial structure and consequently may be difficult to palpate. The smallest dimensions of the membrane indicate that smaller than recommended cricothyroidotomy devices may be required in some patients as the external diameter of commercial trocar devices and tracheal tubes may exceed 7 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Long
- Department of Radiology, The Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Ng
- Department of Anaesthesia, The Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Donnelly
- Department of Anaesthesia, The Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Anaesthesia, Mater Misericordiae, University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Owens
- Department of Anaesthesia, Mater Misericordiae, University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M McNicholas
- Department of Radiology, The Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K McCarthy
- Department of Anaesthesia, The Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C McCaul
- Department of Anaesthesia, The Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Anaesthesia, Mater Misericordiae, University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Ireland.
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Boligon AA, Long N, Albuquerque LG, Weigel KA, Gianola D, Rosa GJM. Comparison of selective genotyping strategies for prediction of breeding values in a population undergoing selection. J Anim Sci 2013; 90:4716-22. [PMID: 23372045 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-4857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomewide marker information can improve the reliability of breeding value predictions for young selection candidates in genomic selection. However, the cost of genotyping limits its use to elite animals, and how such selective genotyping affects predictive ability of genomic selection models is an open question. We performed a simulation study to evaluate the quality of breeding value predictions for selection candidates based on different selective genotyping strategies in a population undergoing selection. The genome consisted of 10 chromosomes of 100 cM each. After 5,000 generations of random mating with a population size of 100 (50 males and 50 females), generation G(0) (reference population) was produced via a full factorial mating between the 50 males and 50 females from generation 5,000. Different levels of selection intensities (animals with the largest yield deviation value) in G(0) or random sampling (no selection) were used to produce offspring of G(0) generation (G(1)). Five genotyping strategies were used to choose 500 animals in G(0) to be genotyped: 1) Random: randomly selected animals, 2) Top: animals with largest yield deviation values, 3) Bottom: animals with lowest yield deviations values, 4) Extreme: animals with the 250 largest and the 250 lowest yield deviations values, and 5) Less Related: less genetically related animals. The number of individuals in G(0) and G(1) was fixed at 2,500 each, and different levels of heritability were considered (0.10, 0.25, and 0.50). Additionally, all 5 selective genotyping strategies (Random, Top, Bottom, Extreme, and Less Related) were applied to an indicator trait in generation G(0,) and the results were evaluated for the target trait in generation G(1), with the genetic correlation between the 2 traits set to 0.50. The 5 genotyping strategies applied to individuals in G(0) (reference population) were compared in terms of their ability to predict the genetic values of the animals in G(1) (selection candidates). Lower correlations between genomic-based estimates of breeding values (GEBV) and true breeding values (TBV) were obtained when using the Bottom strategy. For Random, Extreme, and Less Related strategies, the correlation between GEBV and TBV became slightly larger as selection intensity decreased and was largest when no selection occurred. These 3 strategies were better than the Top approach. In addition, the Extreme, Random, and Less Related strategies had smaller predictive mean squared errors (PMSE) followed by the Top and Bottom methods. Overall, the Extreme genotyping strategy led to the best predictive ability of breeding values, indicating that animals with extreme yield deviations values in a reference population are the most informative when training genomic selection models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Boligon
- Department of Animal Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-000, Brazil.
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Boligon AA, Long N, Albuquerque LG, Weigel KA, Gianola D, Rosa GJM. Comparison of selective genotyping strategies for prediction of breeding values in a population undergoing selection. J Anim Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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O'Cathail S, O'Connell O, Long N, Morgan M, Eustace J, Plant B, Hourihane J. Association of cigarette smoking with drug use and risk taking behaviour in Irish teenagers. Addict Behav 2011; 36:547-50. [PMID: 21315520 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking has been shown to act as a 'gateway' to cannabis use and further risk taking behaviours. This study aims to (1) establish the prevalence of cigarette smoking and cannabis use in Irish teenagers, (2) to quantify the strength and significance of the association of cigarette smoking and cannabis use and other high risk behaviours and (3) examine whether the above associations are independent of the extent of social networking. METHODS Adolescent students across five urban, non-fee paying schools completed an abridged European schools survey project on alcohol and other drugs (ESPAD) questionnaire. RESULTS 370/417 (88.7%) students completed the questionnaire. 228 (61.6%) were female, 349 (94.3%) were aged 15-16 years. 48.4% of those surveyed had smoked tobacco at some stage in their lifetime, 18.1% in the last 30 days. 15.1% have used cannabis with 5.7% using it in the last 30 days. 29.6% of cigarette smokers have used cannabis in comparison to 1.6% of non-smokers. On multivariate analysis lifetime cigarette smoking status was independently associated with hard drug use, adjusted OR=6.0, p<0.01; soft drug use, adjusted OR=4.6, p<0.01 and high risk sex practises, adjusted OR=10.6, p<0.05. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoking prevalence remains high in Irish teenagers and is significantly associated with drug use and other risk taking behaviours. Specific teenage smoking cessation strategies need to be developed targeting these combined high risk health behaviours.
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Allen K, Borkon A, Aggarwal S, Long N, Jones P, Magalski A, Kao A, Stevens T, Everley M, Lawhorne S, Austin B. 127 Heart Transplantation in Diabetic Versus Non-Diabetics in the Current Era: Have Outcomes Become Equivalent? J Heart Lung Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2011.01.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Long N, Gianola D, Rosa G, Weigel K. Dimension reduction and variable selection for genomic selection: application to predicting milk yield in Holsteins. J Anim Breed Genet 2011; 128:247-57. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2011.00917.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Weigel KA, de los Campos G, González-Recio O, Naya H, Wu XL, Long N, Rosa GJM, Gianola D. Predictive ability of direct genomic values for lifetime net merit of Holstein sires using selected subsets of single nucleotide polymorphism markers. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92:5248-57. [PMID: 19762843 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to assess the predictive ability of subsets of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for development of low-cost, low-density genotyping assays in dairy cattle. Dense SNP genotypes of 4,703 Holstein bulls were provided by the USDA Agricultural Research Service. A subset of 3,305 bulls born from 1952 to 1998 was used to fit various models (training set), and a subset of 1,398 bulls born from 1999 to 2002 was used to evaluate their predictive ability (testing set). After editing, data included genotypes for 32,518 SNP and August 2003 and April 2008 predicted transmitting abilities (PTA) for lifetime net merit (LNM$), the latter resulting from progeny testing. The Bayesian least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method was used to regress August 2003 PTA on marker covariates in the training set to arrive at estimates of marker effects and direct genomic PTA. The coefficient of determination (R(2)) from regressing the April 2008 progeny test PTA of bulls in the testing set on their August 2003 direct genomic PTA was 0.375. Subsets of 300, 500, 750, 1,000, 1,250, 1,500, and 2,000 SNP were created by choosing equally spaced and highly ranked SNP, with the latter based on the absolute value of their estimated effects obtained from the training set. The SNP effects were re-estimated from the training set for each subset of SNP, and the 2008 progeny test PTA of bulls in the testing set were regressed on corresponding direct genomic PTA. The R(2) values for subsets of 300, 500, 750, 1,000, 1,250, 1,500, and 2,000 SNP with largest effects (evenly spaced SNP) were 0.184 (0.064), 0.236 (0.111), 0.269 (0.190), 0.289 (0.179), 0.307 (0.228), 0.313 (0.268), and 0.322 (0.291), respectively. These results indicate that a low-density assay comprising selected SNP could be a cost-effective alternative for selection decisions and that significant gains in predictive ability may be achieved by increasing the number of SNP allocated to such an assay from 300 or fewer to 1,000 or more.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Weigel
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA.
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Allen K, Borkon A, Zorn G, Kao A, Magalski A, Stuart R, Daon E, Pak A, Long N, St. Clair K. 361: Does Morbid Obesity Adversely Effect Outcomes Following Cardiac Transplantation? J Heart Lung Transplant 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2008.11.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Long N, Gianola D, Rosa GJM, Weigel KA, Avendaño S. Marker-assisted assessment of genotype by environment interaction: A case study of single nucleotide polymorphism-mortality association in broilers in two hygiene environments1. J Anim Sci 2008; 86:3358-66. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2008-1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Long N, Gianola D, Rosa GJM, Weigel KA, Avendaño S. Machine learning classification procedure for selecting SNPs in genomic selection: application to early mortality in broilers. J Anim Breed Genet 2008; 124:377-89. [PMID: 18076475 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2007.00694.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can identify genetic variants related to complex traits. Typically thousands of SNPs are genotyped, whereas the number of phenotypes for which there is genomic information may be smaller. When predicting phenotypes, options for statistical model building range from incorporating all possible markers into the specification to including only sets of relevant SNPs (features). In the latter case, an efficient method of selecting influential features is required. A two-step feature selection method for binary traits was developed, which consisted of filtering (using information gain), and wrapping (using naïve Bayesian classification). The filter reduces the large number of SNPs to a much smaller size, to facilitate the wrapper step. As the procedure is tailored for discrete outcomes, an approach based on discretization of phenotypic values was developed, to enable feature selection in a classification framework. The method was applied to chick mortality rates (0-14 days of age) on progeny from 201 sires in a commercial broiler line, with the goal of identifying SNPs (over 5000) related to progeny mortality. To mimic a case-control study, sires were clustered into two groups, low and high, according to two arbitrarily chosen mortality rate cut points. By varying these thresholds, 11 different 'case-control' samples were formed, and the SNP selection procedure was applied to each sample. To compare the 11 sets of chosen SNPs, predicted residual sum of squares (PRESS) from a linear model was used. The two-step method improved naïve Bayesian classification accuracy over the case without feature selection (from around 50 to above 90% without and with feature selection in each case-control sample). The best case-control group (63 sires above or below the thresholds) had the smallest PRESS statistic among groups with model p-values below 0.003. The 17 SNPs selected using this group accounted for 31% of the variation in raw mortality rates between sire families.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Long
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Borkon A, Kao A, Zorn G, Stuart R, Daon E, Pak A, Allen K, Stevens T, Magalski A, Lawhorn S, Long N, St. Clair K, Walker B. 251: Importance of Tricuspid Annuloplasty at the Time of Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2007.11.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Long N, Gianola D, Rosa GJM, Weigel KA, Avendano S. Machine learning classification procedure for selecting SNPs in genomic selection: application to early mortality in broilers. Dev Biol (Basel) 2008; 132:373-376. [PMID: 18817329 DOI: 10.1159/000317279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In genome-wide association studies using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), typically thousands of SNPs are genotyped, whereas the number of phenotypes for which there is genomic information may be smaller. Atwo-step SNP (feature) selection method was developed, which consisted of filtering (using information gain), and wrapping (using naïve Bayesian classification). This was based on discretization of the continuous phenotypic values. The method was applied to chick early mortality rates (0-14 days of age) on progeny from 201 sires in a commercial broiler line, with the goal of identifying SNPs (over 5000) related to progeny mortality. Sires were clustered into two groups, low and high, according to two arbitrarily chosen mortality rate thresholds. By varying these thresholds, 11 different "case-control" samples were formed, and the SNP selection procedure was applied to each sample. To compare the 11 sets of chosen SNPs, predicted residual sum of squares (PRESS)from a linear model was used. Naive Bayesian classification accuracy was improved over the case without feature selection (from 50% to 90%). Seventeen SNPs in the best case-control group (with smallest PRESS) accounted for 31% of the variance among sire family mortality rates.
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Cliff B, Eccles AJ, Jones C, Long N, Vohralik P. Development of a ToF version of the desktop MiniSIMS: instrument design and applications. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.2281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Fiser DH, Long N, Roberson PK, Hefley G, Zolten K, Brodie-Fowler M. Relationship of pediatric overall performance category and pediatric cerebral performance category scores at pediatric intensive care unit discharge with outcome measures collected at hospital discharge and 1- and 6-month follow-up assessments. Crit Care Med 2000; 28:2616-20. [PMID: 10921604 DOI: 10.1097/00003246-200007000-00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Given the current focus on outcomes, there is a crucial need for easily utilized measures that can effectively quantify morbidity or disability after a child's critical illness or injury. The purpose of this study is to significantly extend the research on two such promising measures: the Pediatric Overall Performance Category (POPC) and the Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC). DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of a sample of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) discharges and a prospective follow-up of this cohort of children. SETTING Arkansas Children's Hospital. PATIENTS Two hundred children (ranging in age from birth to 21 yrs) discharged from a PICU. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Data were collected at PICU discharge, hospital discharge, and 1- and 6-month follow-up assessments after hospital discharge. Measures utilized included the POPC (at PICU discharge), PCPC (at PICU discharge), Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, fourth edition (at hospital discharge), Bayley Scales of Infant Development, second edition (at hospital discharge), and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (at 1 and 6 months after discharge). Stanford-Binet Intelligence Quotients and Bayley Mental Developmental Index scores were significantly different across PCPC categories (p < .0001). Bayley Psychomotor Developmental Index scores and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales scores varied significantly across POPC categories (p < .0001). The test for linear trend was also significant for each of the comparisons. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study offer additional support for the use of the PCPC and POPC. These brief and easily completed measures can provide useful information regarding probable outcomes for pediatric intensive care patients when more extensive psychometric testing is not feasible or desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Fiser
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock 72202-3591, USA
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Pachana N, Long N. Another Y2K problem: New Zealand's ageing drivers. N Z Med J 2000; 113:43-5. [PMID: 10777221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Forehand R, Long N. Strong-willed children: a challenge to parents and pediatric dentists. Pediatr Dent 1999; 21:463-8. [PMID: 10633525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Uncooperative behavior that is associated with a child being strong-willed is responsive to specific behavioral intervention strategies that have been extensively studied. These strategies are ones which are likely to be effective in the pediatric dental setting. We propose that these strategies are most effective when an integrative approach to strong-willed behavior is adopted by the pediatric dentist. Utilization of such an approach will reduce difficult child behavior, increase positive interactions between the dentist and child, and reduce parent frustration and concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Forehand
- Institute for Behavioral Research, University of Georgia, Athens, USA
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Abstract
This study examines the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and interpersonal functioning in a New Zealand community sample of 756 Vietnam War veterans. The results support previous research findings showing that PTSD adversely affects veterans' interpersonal relationships, family functioning, and marital/dyadic adjustment and show that the effects of PTSD on family functioning and dyadic adjustment are mediated by severity of interpersonal problems. It is suggested that higher levels of PTSD affect the ability of veterans to initiate and maintain interpersonal relationships and that these interpersonal problems are evident in poorer levels of family functioning and poorer dyadic adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C MacDonald
- Department of Psychology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Weller E, Long N, Smith A, Williams P, Ravi S, Gill J, Henessey R, Skornik W, Brain J, Kimmel C, Kimmel G, Holmes L, Ryan L. Dose-rate effects of ethylene oxide exposure on developmental toxicity. Toxicol Sci 1999; 50:259-70. [PMID: 10478863 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/50.2.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In risk assessment, evaluating a health effect at a duration of exposure that is untested involves assuming that equivalent multiples of concentration (C) and duration (T) of exposure have the same effect. The limitations of this approach (attributed to F. Haber, Zur Geschichte des Gaskrieges [On the history of gas warfare], in Funf Vortrage aus den Jahren 1920-1923 [Five lectures from the years 1920-1923], 1924, Springer, Berlin, pp. 76-92), have been noted in several studies. The study presented in this paper was designed to specifically look at dose-rate (C x T) effects, and it forms an ideal case study to implement statistical models and to examine the statistical issues in risk assessment. Pregnant female C57BL/6J mice were exposed, on gestational day 7, to ethylene oxide (EtO) via inhalation for 1.5, 3, or 6 h at exposures that result in C x T multiples of 2100 or 2700 ppm-h. EtO was selected because of its short half-life, documented developmental toxicity, and relevance to exposures that occur in occupational settings. Concurrent experiments were run with animals exposed to air for similar periods. Statistical analysis using models developed to assess dose-rate effects revealed significant effects with respect to fetal death and resorptions, malformations, crown-to-rump length, and fetal weight. Animals exposed to short, high exposures of EtO on day 7 of gestation were found to have more adverse effects than animals exposed to the same C x T multiple but at longer, lower exposures. The implication for risk assessment is that applying Haber's Law could potentially lead to an underestimation of risk at a shorter duration of exposure and an overestimation of risk at a longer duration of exposure. Further research, toxicological and statistical, are required to understand the mechanism of the dose-rate effects, and how to incorporate the mechanistic information into the risk assessment decision process.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Weller
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Benes SC, Long N. Gradual painless visual loss: chronic optic neuropathies. Clin Geriatr Med 1999; 15:47-85, vi. [PMID: 9855658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The clinician must be the ultimate medical detective when dealing with chronic optic neuropathies. History taking is crucial. Clinical examination may require supplementation with visual field testing, fluorescein angiography, ocular and orbital ultrasound imaging, CT and MR imaging, blood test data, and cerebrospinal fluid or tissue biopsy data to determine the specific diagnosis. This supplementation is labor-intensive and time-consuming; the visual loss usually will progress throughout the process, frustrating and frightening the patient and physician. The final common pathway is gradual optic atrophy; the appearance of the optic nerve is rarely adequate to determine the cause of the visual loss. This article includes tables that review diagnostic aids and therapies, and lists the frequency with which several disease entities were encountered over 15 years in one tertiary care neuro-ophthalmic practice. If a specific cause is discernible, then a specific therapy may be available. This approach has the best chance of saving the patient's vision with the least toxicity caused by erroneous trials. By necessity, the work-up for these patients is expensive, but the cost of not pursuing the cause is irrevocable, permanent blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Benes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Neuro-Ophthalmology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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MacDonald C, Chamberlain K, Long N, Pereira-Laird J, Mirfin MK. Mental health, physical health, and stressors reported by New Zealand Defence Force peacekeepers: a longitudinal study. Mil Med 1998; 163:477-81. [PMID: 9695614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The psychological effect of peacekeeping duties on 277 New Zealand Defence Force personnel was investigated using a longitudinal, cross-sectional study. Self-report data were collected in five stages from before deployment to approximately 6 months after return. Multiple measures of mental health, physical health, and stressors were used. Results revealed that the most stressful periods of the deployment, and those with the greatest effect on overall health and well-being, appear to be the predeployment and follow-up stages. These findings demonstrate the need for effective predeployment training and postdeployment debriefing and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- C MacDonald
- Department of Psychology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Abstract
Sixty subjects with chronic low back pain (LBP) were sequentially allocated to either hydrotherapy treatment or land treatment groups in order of presentation. Subjects acted as their own controls for a period of three weeks, after which they attended their respective group sessions twice weekly for six weeks. Twenty-eight subjects from each group attended all treatment and assessment sessions. Results indicated that both groups improved significantly in functional ability and in decreasing pain levels. Thoracolumbar mobility did not improve significantly in either group. Overall there was no significant difference found between the two types of treatment, although results should be viewed as encouraging for the advocates of both hydrotherapy and land-based exercise as a treatment for chronic LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sjogren
- Essendon Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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