1
|
Murphy N, Ramakrishnan N, Walker CP, Polizzotto NR, Cho RY. Intact Auditory Cortical Cross-Frequency Coupling in Early and Chronic Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:507. [PMID: 32581881 PMCID: PMC7287164 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous work has identified a hierarchical organization of neural oscillations that supports performance of complex cognitive and perceptual tasks, and can be indexed with phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) between low- and high-frequency oscillations. Our aim was to employ enhanced source localization afforded by magnetoencephalography (MEG) to expand on earlier reports of intact auditory cortical PAC in schizophrenia and to investigate how PAC may evolve over the early and chronic phases of the illness. METHODS Individuals with early schizophrenia (n=12) (≤5 years of illness duration), chronic schizophrenia (n=16) (>5 years of illness duration) and healthy comparators (n = 17) performed the auditory steady state response (ASSR) to 40, 30, and 20 Hz stimuli during MEG recordings. We estimated amplitude and PAC on the MEG ASSR source localized to the auditory cortices. RESULTS Gamma amplitude during 40-Hz ASSR exhibited a significant group by hemisphere interaction, with both patient groups showing reduced right hemisphere amplitude and no overall lateralization in contrast to the right hemisphere lateralization demonstrated in controls. We found significant PAC in the right auditory cortex during the 40-Hz entrainment condition relative to baseline, however, PAC did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSIONS In the current study, we demonstrated an apparent sparing of ASSR-related PAC across phases of the illness, in contrast with impaired cortical gamma oscillation amplitudes. The distinction between our PAC and evoked ASSR findings supports the notion of separate but interacting circuits for the generation and maintenance of sensory gamma oscillations. The apparent sparing of PAC in both early and chronic schizophrenia patients could imply that the neuropathology of schizophrenia differentially affects these mechanisms across different stages of the disease. Future studies should investigate the distinction between PAC during passive tasks and more cognitively demanding task such as working memory so that we can begin to understand the influence of schizophrenia neuropathology on the larger framework for modulating neurocomputational capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Murphy
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Research Service Line, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nithya Ramakrishnan
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Research Service Line, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Christopher P Walker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Nicola R Polizzotto
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Raymond Y Cho
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Research Service Line, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Salisbury DF, Polizzotto NR, Nestor PG, Haigh SM, Koehler J, McCarley RW. Pitch and Duration Mismatch Negativity and Premorbid Intellect in the First Hospitalized Schizophrenia Spectrum. Schizophr Bull 2017; 43:407-416. [PMID: 27231308 PMCID: PMC5605266 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbw074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a robustly abnormal brainwave in chronically ill schizophrenia that has generated interest as a disease presence biomarker. Reports of MMN reduction in first-episode schizophrenia have been equivocal, raising uncertainty about its reduction at first psychotic break. Here we tested 29 schizophrenia-spectrum participants under 1 year from their first hospitalization for psychosis and 40 age-, gender-, parental socioeconomic status-, and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales III Information-matched healthy controls on both pitch and duration MMN. Participants performed a visual checkerboard tracking task while standard (1kHz, 50ms, 80%), pitch-deviant (1.2kHz, 50ms, 10%) and duration-deviant (1kHz, 100ms, 10%) tones were presented over headphones (75 dB) and EEG was recorded. Independent component analysis was used to remove eye movements and visual stimulus processing activity. Groups did not differ in pitch MMN or duration MMN amplitudes. Smaller pitch and duration MMN amplitudes were associated with lower estimates of premorbid intellect in all participants and independently with greater positive symptoms in first hospitalized schizophrenia. Overall MMN reduction was not present in these relatively high functioning individuals at the first episode of schizophrenia, and therefore is not a good disease presence biomarker for this sample. Future research is warranted to determine the degree of MMN reduction at the first episode of psychosis across a greater range of cognitive impairment, the utility of MMN as an indicator of risk or diagnosis, and its role for understanding pathophysiological mechanisms in emerging psychosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dean F Salisbury
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nicola R Polizzotto
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul G Nestor
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah M Haigh
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Justine Koehler
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert W McCarley
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton Division, Brockton, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cho RY, Walker CP, Polizzotto NR, Wozny TA, Fissell C, Chen CMA, Lewis DA. Development of sensory gamma oscillations and cross-frequency coupling from childhood to early adulthood. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 25:1509-18. [PMID: 24334917 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bht341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Given the importance of gamma oscillations in normal and disturbed cognition, there has been growing interest in their developmental trajectory. In the current study, age-related changes in sensory cortical gamma were studied using the auditory steady-state response (ASSR), indexing cortical activity entrained to a periodic auditory stimulus. A large sample (n = 188) aged 8-22 years had electroencephalography recording of ASSR during 20-, 30-, and 40-Hz click trains, analyzed for evoked amplitude, phase-locking factor (PLF) and cross-frequency coupling (CFC) with lower frequency oscillations. Both 40-Hz evoked power and PLF increased monotonically from 8 through 16 years, and subsequently decreased toward ages 20-22 years. CFC followed a similar pattern, with strongest age-related modulation of 40-Hz amplitude by the phase of delta oscillations. In contrast, the evoked power, PLF and CFC for the 20- and 30-Hz stimulation were distinct from the 40-Hz condition, with flat or decreasing profiles from childhood to early adulthood. The inverted U-shaped developmental trajectory of gamma oscillations may be consistent with interacting maturational processes-such as increasing fast GABA inhibition that enhances gamma activity and synaptic pruning that decreases gamma activity-that may continue from childhood through to adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Y Cho
- Department of Psychiatry and Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Christopher P Walker
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | | | | | - Chi-Ming A Chen
- Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - David A Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry and Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bossini L, Tavanti M, Calossi S, Polizzotto NR, Vatti G, Marino D, Castrogiovanni P. EMDR treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder, with focus on hippocampal volumes: a pilot study. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2011; 23:E1-2. [PMID: 21677204 DOI: 10.1176/jnp.23.2.jnpe1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
5
|
Feurra M, Bianco G, Polizzotto NR, Innocenti I, Rossi A, Rossi S. Cortico-Cortical Connectivity between Right Parietal and Bilateral Primary Motor Cortices during Imagined and Observed Actions: A Combined TMS/tDCS Study. Front Neural Circuits 2011; 5:10. [PMID: 21909322 PMCID: PMC3163809 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2011.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies showed functional connections between the parietal cortex (PC) and the primary motor cortex (M1) during tasks of different reaching-to-grasp movements. Here, we tested whether the same network is involved in cognitive processes such as imagined or observed actions. Single pulse TMS of the right and left M1 during rest and during a motor imagery and an action observation task (i.e., an index-thumb pinch grip in both cases) was used to measure corticospinal excitability changes before and after conditioning of the right PC by 10 min of cathodal, anodal, or sham transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Corticospinal excitability was indexed by the size of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) from the contralateral first dorsal interosseous (FDI; target) and abductor digiti minimi muscle (control) muscles. Results showed selective ipsilateral effects on the M1 excitability, exclusively for motor imagery processes: anodal tDCS enhanced the MEPs' size from the FDI muscle, whereas cathodal tDCS decreased it. Only cathodal tDCS impacted corticospinal facilitation induced by action observation. Sham stimulation was always uneffective. These results suggest that motor imagery, differently from action observation, is sustained by a strictly ipsilateral parieto-motor cortex circuits. Results might have implication for neuromodulatory rehabilitative purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Feurra
- Sezione Neurologia e Neurofisiologia Clinica, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese Policlinico le Scotte, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Innocenti I, Giovannelli F, Cincotta M, Feurra M, Polizzotto NR, Bianco G, Cappa SF, Rossi S. Event-related rTMS at encoding affects differently deep and shallow memory traces. Neuroimage 2010; 53:325-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Revised: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
7
|
Rossi S, De Capua A, Tavanti M, Calossi S, Polizzotto NR, Mantovani A, Falzarano V, Bossini L, Passero S, Bartalini S, Ulivelli M. Dysfunctions of cortical excitability in drug-naïve posttraumatic stress disorder patients. Biol Psychiatry 2009; 66:54-61. [PMID: 19368897 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2008] [Revised: 03/03/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The investigation of a wide set of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-related variables in both hemispheres might help to identify a pattern of cortical excitability changes in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients, reflecting gamma-amino-butiric acid (GABA)/glutamate balance and dysfunction, and to determine whether some of these variables are related to clinical features. METHODS In 20 drug-naive PTSD patients without comorbidity and 16 matched healthy control subjects we tested bilaterally with standard TMS procedures: resting motor threshold (RMT) to single-pulse TMS (reflecting ion channel function), paired-pulse short-latency intracortical inhibition (SICI; mainly reflecting GABA(A) function) and intracortical facilitation (ICF; mainly reflecting glutamatergic function), single-pulse cortical silent period (CSP; mainly reflecting GABA(B)-ergic function), and paired-pulse short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI; reflecting cholinergic mechanisms and their presynaptic GABA(A)-mediated modulation). RESULTS The PTSD patients showed widespread impairment of GABA(A)-ergic SICI, which was reversed toward facilitation in both hemispheres in one-half of the patients, marked increase of glutamatergic ICF in the right hemisphere, and right-sided impairment of SAI. Illness duration and avoidance symptoms but not anxiety correlated with right-lateralized dysfunctions of cortical excitability. CONCLUSIONS Although the neurobiological complexity of each TMS variable makes current results theoretical, the pattern of cortical excitability accompanying PTSD symptoms suggests a bilateral decrease of the GABA(A)-ergic function. This prevails in the right hemisphere, in association with a relative prevalence of the glutamatergic tone, a new finding that current neuroimaging investigations cannot provide due to the lack of reliable glutamate tracers. Results might help to disclose new pathophysiological aspects of PTSD symptoms, providing a rationale for future neuromodulatory strategies of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Rossi
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurology Section, University of Siena School of Medicine, Siena, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|