1
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Saerens G, Dursap T, Hesner I, Duong NMH, Solntsev AS, Morandi A, Maeder A, Karvounis A, Regreny P, Chapman RJ, Danescu A, Chauvin N, Penuelas J, Grange R. Background-Free Near-Infrared Biphoton Emission from Single GaAs Nanowires. Nano Lett 2023; 23:3245-3250. [PMID: 37057961 PMCID: PMC10141417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The generation of photon pairs from nanoscale structures with high rates is still a challenge for the integration of quantum devices, as it suffers from parasitic signals from the substrate. In this work, we report type-0 spontaneous parametric down-conversion at 1550 nm from individual bottom-up grown zinc-blende GaAs nanowires with lengths of up to 5 μm and diameters of up to 450 nm. The nanowires were deposited on a transparent ITO substrate, and we measured a background-free coincidence rate of 0.05 Hz in a Hanbury-Brown-Twiss setup. Taking into account transmission losses, the pump fluence, and the nanowire volume, we achieved a biphoton generation of 60 GHz/Wm, which is at least 3 times higher than that of previously reported single nonlinear micro- and nanostructures. We also studied the correlations between the second-harmonic generation and the spontaneous parametric down-conversion intensities with respect to the pump polarization and in different individual nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Saerens
- ETH
Zurich, Department of Physics,
Institute for Quantum Electronics, Optical Nanomaterial Group, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Dursap
- Univ.
Lyon, CNRS, ECL, INSA Lyon, UCBL, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR 5270, 69130 Ecully, France
| | - Ian Hesner
- ETH
Zurich, Department of Physics,
Institute for Quantum Electronics, Optical Nanomaterial Group, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ngoc M. H. Duong
- ETH
Zurich, Department of Physics,
Institute for Quantum Electronics, Optical Nanomaterial Group, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander S. Solntsev
- University
of Technology Sydney, School of Mathematical
and Physical Sciences, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Andrea Morandi
- ETH
Zurich, Department of Physics,
Institute for Quantum Electronics, Optical Nanomaterial Group, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Maeder
- ETH
Zurich, Department of Physics,
Institute for Quantum Electronics, Optical Nanomaterial Group, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Artemios Karvounis
- ETH
Zurich, Department of Physics,
Institute for Quantum Electronics, Optical Nanomaterial Group, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Regreny
- Univ.
Lyon, CNRS, ECL, INSA Lyon, UCBL, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR 5270, 69130 Ecully, France
| | - Robert J. Chapman
- ETH
Zurich, Department of Physics,
Institute for Quantum Electronics, Optical Nanomaterial Group, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Danescu
- Univ.
Lyon, CNRS, ECL, INSA Lyon, UCBL, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR 5270, 69130 Ecully, France
| | - Nicolas Chauvin
- Univ.
Lyon, CNRS, ECL, INSA Lyon, UCBL, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR 5270, 69130 Ecully, France
| | - José Penuelas
- Univ.
Lyon, CNRS, ECL, INSA Lyon, UCBL, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR 5270, 69130 Ecully, France
| | - Rachel Grange
- ETH
Zurich, Department of Physics,
Institute for Quantum Electronics, Optical Nanomaterial Group, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Becdelievre J, Guan X, Dudko I, Regreny P, Chauvin N, Patriarche G, Gendry M, Danescu A, Penuelas J. Growing self-assisted GaAs nanowires up to 80 μm long by molecular beam epitaxy. Nanotechnology 2022; 34:045603. [PMID: 36270200 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac9c6b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ultralong GaAs nanowires were grown by molecular beam epitaxy using the vapor-liquid-solid method. In this ultralong regime we show the existence of two features concerning the growth kinetic and the structural properties. Firstly, we observed a non-classical growth mode, where the axial growth rate is attenuated. Secondly, we observed structural defects at the surface of Wurtzite segments located at the bottom part of the nanowires. We explain these two phenomena as arising from a particular pathway of the group V species, specific to ultralong nanowires. Finally, the optical properties of such ultralong nanowires are studied by photoluminescence experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Becdelievre
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR5270, F69130 Ecully, France
| | - Xin Guan
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR5270, F69130 Ecully, France
| | - I Dudko
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR5270, F69130 Ecully, France
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
- Functional Materials and Microsystems, Research Group and Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philippe Regreny
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR5270, F69130 Ecully, France
| | - Nicolas Chauvin
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR5270, F69130 Ecully, France
| | - Gilles Patriarche
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies-C2N, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Michel Gendry
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR5270, F69130 Ecully, France
| | - Alexandre Danescu
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR5270, F69130 Ecully, France
| | - José Penuelas
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR5270, F69130 Ecully, France
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Schwindling J, Annighöfer B, Chauvin N, Meuriot JL, Mom B, Ott F, Sellami N, Thulliez L. Long term operation of a 30 kW Beryllium target at IPHI. JNR 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jnr-220024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Following tests of low power bulk Beryllium targets in 2016–2020, a high power target was designed, built and tested at the High Intensity Proton Injector (IPHI) at CEA Paris–Saclay. The design of the target and the results of the tests will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Burkhard Annighöfer
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA-CNRS, IRAMIS / Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nicolas Chauvin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Irfu, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Louis Meuriot
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA-CNRS, IRAMIS / Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Borana Mom
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Irfu, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric Ott
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA-CNRS, IRAMIS / Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nadia Sellami
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Irfu, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Loïc Thulliez
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Irfu, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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4
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Saerens G, Duong NMH, Solntsev AS, Karvounis A, Dursap T, Regreny P, Morandi A, Chapman RJ, Maeder A, Danescu A, Penuelas J, Chauvin N, Grange R. Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion from GaAs Nanowires at Telecom Wavelength. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202226608010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the generation of photon pairs at 1550 nm from free-standing epitaxially grown self-assisted micrometre long GaAs nanowires. The efficiency of the spontaneous parametric down-conversion process has a rate of 320 GHz/Wm normalized to the transmission of the setup, the pump intensity, and the volume of the nanostructure. GaAs is a high index dielectric that can support electromagnetic Mie modes, therefore we model how shorter nanowires could improve the second-harmonic signal and we found that sub-micro long nanowires (600 nm length and 250 nm diameter) can support quality factors up to 15 at the pump wavelength (780 nm). We anticipate that the near field enhancement compared to micrometre long nanowires will boost the second-harmonic generation and, correspondingly, the biphoton rate efficiency.
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Jaffal A, Regreny P, Patriarche G, Gendry M, Chauvin N. Highly linear polarized emission at telecom bands in InAs/InP quantum dot-nanowires by geometry tailoring. Nanoscale 2021; 13:16952-16958. [PMID: 34610634 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04263g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanowire (NW)-based opto-electronic devices require certain engineering in the NW geometry to realize polarized-dependent light sources and photodetectors. We present a growth procedure to produce InAs/InP quantum dot-nanowires (QD-NWs) with an elongated top-view cross-section relying on the vapor-liquid-solid method using molecular beam epitaxy. By interrupting the rotation of the sample during the radial growth sequence of the InP shell, hexagonal asymmetric (HA) NWs with long/short cross-section axes were obtained instead of the usual symmetrical shape. Polarization-resolved photoluminescence measurements have revealed a significant influence of the asymmetric shaped NWs on the InAs QD emission polarization with the photons being mainly polarized parallel to the NW long cross-section axis. A degree of linear polarization (DLP) up to 91% is obtained, being at the state of the art for the reported DLP values from QD-NWs. More importantly, the growth protocol herein is fully compatible with the current applications of HA NWs covering a wide range of devices such as polarized light emitting diodes and photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jaffal
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, 69130 Ecully, France
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR5270, 69621 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Philippe Regreny
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, 69130 Ecully, France
| | - Gilles Patriarche
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies - C2N, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Michel Gendry
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, 69130 Ecully, France
| | - Nicolas Chauvin
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, INL, UMR5270, 69621 Villeurbanne, France.
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6
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Dursap T, Vettori M, Botella C, Regreny P, Blanchard N, Gendry M, Chauvin N, Bugnet M, Danescu A, Penuelas J. Wurtzite phase control for self-assisted GaAs nanowires grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Nanotechnology 2021; 32:155602. [PMID: 33429384 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abda75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The accurate control of the crystal phase in III-V semiconductor nanowires (NWs) is an important milestone for device applications. Although cubic zinc-blende (ZB) GaAs is a well-established material in microelectronics, the controlled growth of hexagonal wurtzite (WZ) GaAs has thus far not been achieved successfully. Specifically, the prospect of growing defect-free and gold catalyst-free wurtzite GaAs would pave the way towards integration on silicon substrate and new device applications. In this article, we present a method to select and maintain the WZ crystal phase in self-assisted NWs by molecular beam epitaxy. By choosing a specific regime where the NW growth process is a self-regulated system, the main experimental parameter to select the ZB or WZ phase is the V/III flux ratio. Using an analytical growth model, we show that the V/III flux ratio can be finely tuned by changing the As flux, thus driving the system toward a stationary regime where the wetting angle of the Ga droplet can be maintained in the range of values allowing the formation of pure WZ phase. The analysis of the in situ reflection high energy electron diffraction evolution, combined with high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dark field TEM, and photoluminescence all confirm the control of an extended pure WZ segment, more than a micrometer long, obtained by molecular beam epitaxy growth of self- assisted GaAs NWs with a V/III flux ratio of 4.0. This successful controlled growth of WZ GaAs suggests potential benefits for electronics and opto-electronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dursap
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon-INL, UMR 5270 CNRS, Université de Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
| | - M Vettori
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon-INL, UMR 5270 CNRS, Université de Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
| | - C Botella
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon-INL, UMR 5270 CNRS, Université de Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
| | - P Regreny
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon-INL, UMR 5270 CNRS, Université de Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
| | - N Blanchard
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - M Gendry
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon-INL, UMR 5270 CNRS, Université de Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
| | - N Chauvin
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon-INL, UMR 5270 CNRS, Université de Lyon, INSA de Lyon, 7 Avenue Jean Capelle F-69621, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - M Bugnet
- Université de Lyon, INSA de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, MATEIS, UMR 5510 CNRS, Avenue Jean Capelle, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - A Danescu
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon-INL, UMR 5270 CNRS, Université de Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
| | - J Penuelas
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon-INL, UMR 5270 CNRS, Université de Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
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7
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Moriaux AL, Vallon R, Lecasse F, Chauvin N, Parvitte B, Zéninari V, Liger-Belair G, Cilindre C. How Does Gas-Phase CO 2 Evolve in the Headspace of Champagne Glasses? J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:2262-2270. [PMID: 33560838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The chemical space perceived by a consumer of champagne or other sparkling wines is progressively modified all along tasting. Real-time monitoring of gas-phase CO2 concentration was performed, through a CO2-diode laser sensor, along a two-dimensional array of nine points in the headspace of three types of glasses poured with champagne. Two original glasses with distinct headspace volumes were compared with the standard INAO tasting glass. For each of the three glass types, a kind of temperature-dependent CO2 fingerprint was revealed and discussed as a function of the glass geometry and headspace volume. Moreover, a simple model was developed, which considers the rate of decrease of the concentration of gas-phase CO2 in the headspace of a glass after the pouring process as being mainly ruled by natural air convection in ambient air. The timescale which controls the rate of decrease of gas-phase CO2 was found to highly depend on the ratio of the headspace volume to the open aperture of the glass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Moriaux
- Equipe Effervescence, Champagne et Applications, Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Applications (GSMA), UMR CNRS 7331, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Raphaël Vallon
- Equipe Effervescence, Champagne et Applications, Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Applications (GSMA), UMR CNRS 7331, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Florian Lecasse
- Equipe Effervescence, Champagne et Applications, Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Applications (GSMA), UMR CNRS 7331, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Nicolas Chauvin
- Equipe Effervescence, Champagne et Applications, Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Applications (GSMA), UMR CNRS 7331, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Bertrand Parvitte
- Equipe Effervescence, Champagne et Applications, Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Applications (GSMA), UMR CNRS 7331, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Virginie Zéninari
- Equipe Effervescence, Champagne et Applications, Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Applications (GSMA), UMR CNRS 7331, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Gérard Liger-Belair
- Equipe Effervescence, Champagne et Applications, Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Applications (GSMA), UMR CNRS 7331, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Clara Cilindre
- Equipe Effervescence, Champagne et Applications, Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Applications (GSMA), UMR CNRS 7331, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
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8
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Abouzaid O, Mehdi H, Martin M, Moeyaert J, Salem B, David S, Souifi A, Chauvin N, Hartmann JM, Ilahi B, Morris D, Ahaitouf A, Ahaitouf A, Baron T. O-Band Emitting InAs Quantum Dots Grown By MOCVD On A 300 mm Ge-Buffered Si (001) Substrate. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10122450. [PMID: 33297597 PMCID: PMC7762389 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The epitaxy of III-V semiconductors on silicon substrates remains challenging because of lattice parameter and material polarity differences. In this work, we report on the Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) and characterization of InAs/GaAs Quantum Dots (QDs) epitaxially grown on quasi-nominal 300 mm Ge/Si(001) and GaAs(001) substrates. QD properties were studied by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. A wafer level µPL mapping of the entire 300 mm Ge/Si substrate shows the homogeneity of the three-stacked InAs QDs emitting at 1.30 ± 0.04 µm at room temperature. The correlation between PL spectroscopy and numerical modeling revealed, in accordance with transmission electron microscopy images, that buried QDs had a truncated pyramidal shape with base sides and heights around 29 and 4 nm, respectively. InAs QDs on Ge/Si substrate had the same shape as QDs on GaAs substrates, with a slightly increased size and reduced luminescence intensity. Our results suggest that 1.3 μm emitting InAs QDs quantum dots can be successfully grown on CMOS compatible Ge/Si substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oumaima Abouzaid
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA-Leti, Grenoble INP, LTM, F-38054 Grenoble, France; (O.A.); (H.M.); (M.M.); (J.M.); (S.D.)
- SIGER Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fès BP. 2202, Morocco;
| | - Hussein Mehdi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA-Leti, Grenoble INP, LTM, F-38054 Grenoble, France; (O.A.); (H.M.); (M.M.); (J.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Mickael Martin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA-Leti, Grenoble INP, LTM, F-38054 Grenoble, France; (O.A.); (H.M.); (M.M.); (J.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Jérémy Moeyaert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA-Leti, Grenoble INP, LTM, F-38054 Grenoble, France; (O.A.); (H.M.); (M.M.); (J.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Bassem Salem
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA-Leti, Grenoble INP, LTM, F-38054 Grenoble, France; (O.A.); (H.M.); (M.M.); (J.M.); (S.D.)
- Correspondence: (B.S.); (T.B.)
| | - Sylvain David
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA-Leti, Grenoble INP, LTM, F-38054 Grenoble, France; (O.A.); (H.M.); (M.M.); (J.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Abdelkader Souifi
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL)-UMR5270-CNRS, Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne, France; (A.S.); (N.C.)
| | - Nicolas Chauvin
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL)-UMR5270-CNRS, Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne, France; (A.S.); (N.C.)
| | | | - Bouraoui Ilahi
- Institut Quantique et Laboratoire Nanotechnologies Nanosystèmes (LN2)-CNRS UMI-3463, 3IT, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada; (B.I.); (D.M.)
| | - Denis Morris
- Institut Quantique et Laboratoire Nanotechnologies Nanosystèmes (LN2)-CNRS UMI-3463, 3IT, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada; (B.I.); (D.M.)
| | - Ali Ahaitouf
- SIGER Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fès BP. 2202, Morocco;
| | - Abdelaziz Ahaitouf
- Faculté Polydisciplinaire Taza, Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, LSI, Taza B.P. 1223, Morocco;
| | - Thierry Baron
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA-Leti, Grenoble INP, LTM, F-38054 Grenoble, France; (O.A.); (H.M.); (M.M.); (J.M.); (S.D.)
- Correspondence: (B.S.); (T.B.)
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9
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Jaffal A, Regreny P, Patriarche G, Chauvin N, Gendry M. Density-controlled growth of vertical InP nanowires on Si(111) substrates. Nanotechnology 2020; 31:354003. [PMID: 32428880 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab9475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A procedure to achieve the density-controlled growth of gold-catalyzed InP nanowires (NWs) on (111) silicon substrates using the vapor-liquid-solid method by molecular beam epitaxy is reported. We develop an effective and mask-free method based on controlling the number and the size of the Au-In catalyst droplets in addition to the conditions for the NW nucleation. We show that the NW density can be tuned with values in the range of 18 µm-2 to <0.1 µm-2 by the suitable choice of the In/Au catalyst beam equivalent pressure (BEP) ratio, by the phosphorous BEP and the growth temperature. The same degree of control is transferred to InAs/InP quantum dot-nanowires, taking advantage of the ultra-low density to study by micro-photoluminescence the optical properties of a single quantum dot-nanowires emitting in the telecom band monolithically grown on silicon. Optical spectroscopy at cryogenic temperature successfully confirmed the relevance of our method to excite single InAs quantum dots on the as-grown sample, which opens the path for large-scale applications based on single quantum dot-nanowire devices integrated on silicon. .
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jaffal
- Institut des Nanotechnologies des Lyon-INL, UMR 5270 CNRS, INSA de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621, Villeurbanne cedex, France. Institut des Nanotechnologies des Lyon-INL, UMR 5270 CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134, Ecully cedex, France
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10
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Akagi T, Bellan L, Bolzon B, Cara P, Carin Y, Chauvin N, Comunian M, Dzitko H, Fagotti E, Harrault F, Kasugai A, Kondo K, Sakamoto K, Sugimoto M. Commissioning of high current H +/D + ion beams for the prototype accelerator of the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:023321. [PMID: 32113432 DOI: 10.1063/1.5129598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Linear IFMIF (International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility) Prototype Accelerator (LIPAc) is aiming at demonstrating the low energy section of a 40 MeV/125 mA IFMIF deuteron accelerator up to 9 MeV with a full beam current in cw operation. For such a high-power beam, the LIPAc injector is required to produce a 100 keV D+ beam with 140 mA and match it for injection into the Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator. The injector is designed by CEA-Saclay based on the high intensity light ion source (SILHI). In 2019, the commissioning of the RFQ to demonstrate the D+ beam acceleration at a low duty cycle (0.1%) was conducted. A nominal beam current of 125 mA D+ beam was accelerated up to 5 MeV through the RFQ successfully. The LIPAc injector fully satisfied the requirements for RFQ beam commissioning at the pulse mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Akagi
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Rokkasho-mura, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - L Bellan
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro 35020, Italy
| | - B Bolzon
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - P Cara
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Rokkasho-mura, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - Y Carin
- Fusion for Energy, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - N Chauvin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - M Comunian
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro 35020, Italy
| | - H Dzitko
- Fusion for Energy, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - E Fagotti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro 35020, Italy
| | - F Harrault
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - A Kasugai
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Rokkasho-mura, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - K Kondo
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Rokkasho-mura, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - K Sakamoto
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Rokkasho-mura, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - M Sugimoto
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Rokkasho-mura, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
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11
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Thulliez L, Letourneau A, Schwindling J, Chauvin N, Sellami N, Ott F, Menelle A, Annighöfer B. First steps toward the development of SONATE, a Compact Accelerator driven Neutron Source. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202023917011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Facilities providing bright thermal neutron beams are of primary importance for various research topics such as condensed matter experiments, neutron-imaging or medical applications. Currently these are mainly spallation sources and nuclear reactors. However, these later facilities are ageing and the political context does not favor the building of new ones. This is the case in CEA-Saclay (France), where the Orphee reactor is planned to shutdown in 2019. Therefore, another local facility, affordable by one country, able to provide high brilliance neutron beams has to be built. At CEA-Saclay, a compact accelerator driven neutron source, SONATE, is investigated in taking advantage of the IPHI accelerator able to deliver a 3 MeV proton beam with an intensity up to 100 mA. In the future, SONATE is foreseen to operate with 20 MeV protons to increase the neutron brightness. In addition to the difficulties to operate such high intensity accelerators, the other challenges regard the target-moderator-reflector (TMR) design which is crucial to maximize the neutron flux at the detector location. At CEA-Saclay, several experiments were performed between 2016 and 2019 with the IPHI accelerator. Geant4 simulations were also developed. They demonstrate the feasibility of such concept and enable to find the best TMR configuration for the future SONATE facility. These developments are reported in this article.
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Tran HN, Ott F, Darpentigny J, Marchix A, Letourneau A, Chauvin N, Prunes F, Homatter B, Annighöfer B, Menelle A, Schwindling J. Neutrons production on the IPHI accelerator for the validation of the design of the compact neutron source SONATE. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202023101007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We aim at building a compact accelerator-based neutron source (CANS) which would provide a thermal neutron flux on the order of 4x1012 n.s-1.cm-2.sr-1. Such a brilliance would put compact neutron sources on par with existing medium flux neutron research reactors for neutron scattering experiments. We performed the first neutron production tests on the IPHI proton accelerator at Saclay at a proton energy of 3 MeV. The thermal neutron flux were measured using gold foil activation and 3He detectors. The measured flux were compared with GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulations (10.4) in which the whole experimental setup was modelled. There is a good agreement between the experimental measurements and the Monte-Carlo simulations. The available modelling tools will allow us to optimize the whole Target Moderator Reflector assembly together with the neutron scattering spectrometer geometries for the design of the neutron scattering facility SONATE.
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13
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Jaffal A, Redjem W, Regreny P, Nguyen HS, Cueff S, Letartre X, Patriarche G, Rousseau E, Cassabois G, Gendry M, Chauvin N. InAs quantum dot in a needlelike tapered InP nanowire: a telecom band single photon source monolithically grown on silicon. Nanoscale 2019; 11:21847-21855. [PMID: 31696191 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06114b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Realizing single photon sources emitting in the telecom band on silicon substrates is essential to reach complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible devices that secure communications over long distances. In this work, we propose the monolithic growth of needlelike tapered InAs/InP quantum dot-nanowires (QD-NWs) on silicon substrates with a small taper angle and a nanowire diameter tailored to support a single mode waveguide. Such a NW geometry is obtained by a controlled balance over axial and radial growths during the gold-catalyzed growth of the NWs by molecular beam epitaxy. This allows us to investigate the impact of the taper angle on the emission properties of a single InAs/InP QD-NW. At room temperature, a Gaussian far-field emission profile in the telecom O-band with a beam divergence angle θ = 30° is demonstrated using a single InAs QD embedded in a 2° tapered InP NW. Moreover, single photon emission is observed at cryogenic temperature for an off-resonant excitation and the best result, g2(0) = 0.05, is obtained for a 7° tapered NW. This all-encompassing study paves the way for the monolithic growth on silicon of an efficient single photon source in the telecom band based on InAs/InP QD-NWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jaffal
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon, UMR 5270 CNRS, INSA de Lyon, 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne cedex, France.
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14
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Vettori M, Piazza V, Cattoni A, Scaccabarozzi A, Patriarche G, Regreny P, Chauvin N, Botella C, Grenet G, Penuelas J, Fave A, Tchernycheva M, Gendry M. Growth optimization and characterization of regular arrays of GaAs/AlGaAs core/shell nanowires for tandem solar cells on silicon. Nanotechnology 2019; 30:084005. [PMID: 30524074 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaf3fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
With a band gap value of 1.7 eV, Al0.2Ga0.8As is one of the ideal III-V alloys for the development of nanowire-based Tandem Solar Cells on silicon. Nevertheless, growing self-catalysed AlGaAs nanowires on silicon by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy is a very difficult task due to the oxidation of Al adatoms by the SiO2 layer present on the surface. Here we propose a nanowire structure including a p.i.n radial junction inside an Al0.2Ga0.8As shell grown on a p-GaAs core. The crystalline structure of such self-catalysed nanowires grown on an epi-ready Si(111) substrate (with a thin native SiO2 layer) was investigated by transmission electronic microscopy and photoluminescence. I(V) measurements performed on single nanowires have shown a diode-like behaviour corresponding to the radial p.i.n junction inside the Al0.2Ga0.8As shell. Moreover, a current generation under the electron beam was evidenced over the entire radial junction along the nanowires by means of electron beam induced current (EBIC) microscopy. The same structure was reproduced on patterned substrates with a SiO2 mask, producing an ordered hexagonal array. High and uniform yields from 83% to 87% of vertical nanowires were obtained on 0.9 × 0.9 cm2 patterned areas. EBIC mapping performed on these nanowires confirmed the good electrical properties of the radial junction within the nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vettori
- INL, UMR 5270 CNRS, University of Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, F-69134, Ecully, France. INL, UMR 5270 CNRS, University of Lyon, INSA de Lyon, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France
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15
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Piazza V, Vettori M, Ahmed AA, Lavenus P, Bayle F, Chauvin N, Julien FH, Regreny P, Patriarche G, Fave A, Gendry M, Tchernycheva M. Nanoscale investigation of a radial p-n junction in self-catalyzed GaAs nanowires grown on Si (111). Nanoscale 2018; 10:20207-20217. [PMID: 30357204 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03827a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
One obstacle for the development of nanowire (NW) solar cells is the challenge to assess and control their nanoscale electrical properties. In this work a top-cell made of p-n GaAs core/shell NWs grown on a Si(111) substrate by Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) is investigated by high resolution charge collection microscopy. Electron Beam Induced Current (EBIC) analyses of single NWs have validated the formation of a homogeneous radial p-n junction over the entire length of the NWs. The radial geometry leads to an increase of the junction area by 38 times with respect to the NW footprint. The interface between the NWs and the Si(111) substrate does not show any electrical loss, which would have led to a decrease of the EBIC signal. Single NW I-V characteristics present a diodic behavior. A model of the radial junction single NW is proposed and the electrical parameters are estimated by numerical fitting of the I-Vs and of the EBIC map. Solar cells based on NW arrays were fabricated and analyzed by EBIC microscopy, which evidenced the presence of a Schottky barrier at the NW/ITO top contact. Improvement of the top contact quality is achieved by thermal annealing at 400 °C, which strongly reduces the parasitic Schottky barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Piazza
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), UMR 9001 CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, 8 Avenue de la Vauve, 91120 Palaiseau, France.
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16
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Tuske O, Chauvin N, Delferriere O, Fils J, Gauthier Y. Commissioning of the ECR ion source of the high intensity proton injector of the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR). Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:052303. [PMID: 29864844 DOI: 10.1063/1.5017783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The CEA at Saclay is in charge of developing and building the ion source and the low energy line of the proton linac of the FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) accelerator complex located at GSI (Darmstadt) in Germany. The FAIR facility will deliver stable and rare isotope beams covering a huge range of intensities and beam energies for experiments in the fields of atomic physics, plasma physics, nuclear physics, hadron physics, nuclear matter physics, material physics, and biophysics. A significant part of the experimental program at FAIR is dedicated to antiproton physics that requires an ultimate number 7 × 1010 cooled pbar/h. The high-intensity proton beam that is necessary for antiproton production will be delivered by a dedicated 75 mA/70 MeV proton linac. A 2.45 GHz microwave ion source will deliver a 100 mA H+ beam pulsed at 4 Hz with an energy of 95 keV. A 2 solenoids low energy beam transport line allows the injection of the proton beam into the radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) within an acceptance of 0.3π mm mrad (norm. rms). An electrostatic chopper system located between the second solenoid and the RFQ is used to cut the beam macro-pulse from the source to inject 36 μs long beam pulses into the RFQ. At present time, a Ladder-RFQ is under construction at the University of Frankfurt. This article reports the first beam measurements obtained since mid of 2016. Proton beams have been extracted from the ECR ion source and analyzed just after the extraction column on a dedicated diagnostic chamber. Emittance measurements as well as extracted current and species proportion analysis have been performed in different configurations of ion source parameters, such as magnetic field profile, radio frequency power, gas injection, and puller electrode voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Tuske
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, IRFU, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N Chauvin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, IRFU, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - O Delferriere
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, IRFU, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Fils
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Y Gauthier
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, IRFU, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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17
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Himwas C, Collin S, Rale P, Chauvin N, Patriarche G, Oehler F, Julien FH, Travers L, Harmand JC, Tchernycheva M. In situ passivation of GaAsP nanowires. Nanotechnology 2017; 28:495707. [PMID: 29057754 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa9533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report on the structural and optical properties of GaAsP nanowires (NWs) grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. By adjusting the alloy composition in the NWs, the transition energy was tuned to the optimal value required for tandem III-V/silicon solar cells. We discovered that an unintentional shell was also formed during the GaAsP NW growth. The NW surface was passivated by an in situ deposition of a radial Ga(As)P shell. Different shell compositions and thicknesses were investigated. We demonstrate that the optimal passivation conditions for GaAsP NWs (with a gap of 1.78 eV) are obtained with a 5 nm thick GaP shell. This passivation enhances the luminescence intensity of the NWs by 2 orders of magnitude and yields a longer luminescence decay. The luminescence dynamics changes from single exponential decay with a 4 ps characteristic time in non-passivated NWs to a bi-exponential decay with characteristic times of 85 and 540 ps in NWs with GaP shell passivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Himwas
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies-site Orsay, UMR 9001 CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Bât 220, rue André Ampère, F-91405 Orsay, France
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18
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Ezzedini M, Hidouri T, Alouane MHH, Sayari A, Shalaan E, Chauvin N, Sfaxi L, Saidi F, Al-Ghamdi A, Bru-Chevallier C, Maaref H. Detecting Spatially Localized Exciton in Self-Organized InAs/InGaAs Quantum Dot Superlattices: a Way to Improve the Photovoltaic Efficiency. Nanoscale Res Lett 2017; 12:450. [PMID: 28697588 PMCID: PMC5503857 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2218-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on experimental and theoretical investigations of atypical temperature-dependent photoluminescence properties of multi-stacked InAs quantum dots in close proximity to InGaAs strain-relief underlying quantum well. The InAs/InGaAs/GaAs QD heterostructure was grown by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy (SS-MBE) and investigated via photoluminescence (PL), spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), and picosecond time-resolved photoluminescence. Distinctive double-emission peaks are observed in the PL spectra of the sample. From the excitation power-dependent and temperature-dependent PL measurements, these emission peaks are associated with the ground-state transition from InAs QDs with two different size populations. Luminescence measurements were carried out as function of temperature in the range of 10-300 K by the PL technique. The low temperature PL has shown an abnormal emission which appeared at the low energy side and is attributed to the recombination through the deep levels. The PL peak energy presents an anomalous behavior as a result of the competition process between localized and delocalized carriers. We propose the localized-state ensemble model to explain the usual photoluminescence behaviors. The quantitative study shows that the quantum well continuum states act as a transit channel for the redistribution of thermally activated carriers. We have determined the localization depth and its effect on the application of the investigated heterostructure for photovoltaic cells. The model gives an overview to a possible amelioration of the InAs/InGaAs/GaAs QDs SCs properties based on the theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher Ezzedini
- Université de Monastir, Laboratoire de Micro-Optoélectronique et Nanostructures (LMON), Faculté des Sciences, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Tarek Hidouri
- Université de Monastir, Laboratoire de Micro-Optoélectronique et Nanostructures (LMON), Faculté des Sciences, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Helmi Hadj Alouane
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL)-UMR5270-CNRS, INSA-Lyon, 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Amor Sayari
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, North Jeddah Branch, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed Shalaan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicolas Chauvin
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL)-UMR5270-CNRS, INSA-Lyon, 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Larbi Sfaxi
- Université de Monastir, Laboratoire de Micro-Optoélectronique et Nanostructures (LMON), Faculté des Sciences, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
- High School of Sciences and Technology of Hammam Sousse, Sousse University, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Faouzi Saidi
- Université de Monastir, Laboratoire de Micro-Optoélectronique et Nanostructures (LMON), Faculté des Sciences, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Catherine Bru-Chevallier
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL)-UMR5270-CNRS, INSA-Lyon, 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hassen Maaref
- Université de Monastir, Laboratoire de Micro-Optoélectronique et Nanostructures (LMON), Faculté des Sciences, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
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Viala JP, Prima V, Puppo R, Agrebi R, Canestrari MJ, Lignon S, Chauvin N, Méresse S, Mignot T, Lebrun R, Bouveret E. Acylation of the Type 3 Secretion System Translocon Using a Dedicated Acyl Carrier Protein. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006556. [PMID: 28085879 PMCID: PMC5279801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens often deliver effectors into host cells using type 3 secretion systems (T3SS), the extremity of which forms a translocon that perforates the host plasma membrane. The T3SS encoded by Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1) is genetically associated with an acyl carrier protein, IacP, whose role has remained enigmatic. In this study, using tandem affinity purification, we identify a direct protein-protein interaction between IacP and the translocon protein SipB. We show, by mass spectrometry and radiolabelling, that SipB is acylated, which provides evidence for a modification of the translocon that has not been described before. A unique and conserved cysteine residue of SipB is identified as crucial for this modification. Although acylation of SipB was not essential to virulence, we show that this posttranslational modification promoted SipB insertion into host-cell membranes and pore-forming activity linked to the SPI-1 T3SS. Cooccurrence of acyl carrier and translocon proteins in several γ- and β-proteobacteria suggests that acylation of the translocon is conserved in these other pathogenic bacteria. These results also indicate that acyl carrier proteins, known for their involvement in metabolic pathways, have also evolved as cofactors of new bacterial protein lipidation pathways. Acyl carrier proteins are small ubiquitous proteins involved in the synthesis of hydrocarbon based molecules. Notably, they are essential for the synthesis of fatty acids, which are the precursors of membrane phospholipids. They can also be involved in secondary metabolism, for example for the synthesis of molecules with antibacterial properties. Although acyl carrier proteins are widespread, the specific role of each individual protein seems comparatively poorly explored. In this study, we investigate the role of an acyl carrier protein genetically associated with a type 3 secretion system (T3SS). Many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens use T3SS to deliver effectors directly into the cytoplasm of eukaryotic host cells and to subvert host cellular pathways. For this purpose, the translocon, which is the terminal part of T3SS, forms a pore inserted into the host-cell membrane. Here we show that the acyl carrier protein associated with the T3SS has specialized to allow acylation of the translocon. The novel posttranslational modification of the translocon that we describe optimizes insertion into the host-cell membrane and pore-forming activity. This mechanism is likely to be conserved in other pathogenic bacteria given the conserved genetic association between T3SS and acyl carrier protein in several bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie P. Viala
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IMM, LISM, Marseille, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Valérie Prima
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IMM, LISM, Marseille, France
| | - Rémy Puppo
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IMM, Proteomic Platform- IBISA, Marseille, France
| | - Rym Agrebi
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IMM, LCB, Marseille, France
| | | | - Sabrina Lignon
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IMM, Proteomic Platform- IBISA, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Tâm Mignot
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IMM, LCB, Marseille, France
| | - Régine Lebrun
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IMM, Proteomic Platform- IBISA, Marseille, France
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Joly L, Maamary R, Decarpenterie T, Cousin J, Dumelié N, Chauvin N, Legain D, Tzanos D, Durry G. Atmospheric Measurements by Ultra-Light SpEctrometer (AMULSE) Dedicated to Vertical Profile in Situ Measurements of Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Under Weather Balloons: Instrumental Development and Field Application. Sensors (Basel) 2016; 16:s16101609. [PMID: 27690046 PMCID: PMC5087397 DOI: 10.3390/s16101609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere plays an important role in the radiative effects in the Earth's climate system. Therefore, it is crucial to increase the number of atmospheric observations in order to quantify the natural sinks and emission sources. We report in this paper the development of a new compact lightweight spectrometer (1.8 kg) called AMULSE based on near infrared laser technology at 2.04 µm coupled to a 6-m open-path multipass cell. The measurements were made using the Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy (WMS) technique and the spectrometer is hence dedicated to in situ measuring the vertical profiles of the CO₂ at high precision levels (σAllan = 0.96 ppm in 1 s integration time (1σ)) and with high temporal/spatial resolution (1 Hz/5 m) using meteorological balloons. The instrument is compact, robust, cost-effective, fully autonomous, has low-power consumption, a non-intrusive probe and is plug & play. It was first calibrated and validated in the laboratory and then used for 17 successful flights up to 10 km altitude in the region Champagne-Ardenne, France in 2014. A rate of 100% of instrument recovery was validated due to the pre-localization prediction of the Météo-France based on the flight simulation software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Joly
- Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique GSMA, Université de Reims-Champagne Ardenne, UMR CNRS 7331, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Cedex 2 Reims, France.
| | - Rabih Maamary
- Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique GSMA, Université de Reims-Champagne Ardenne, UMR CNRS 7331, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Cedex 2 Reims, France.
| | - Thomas Decarpenterie
- Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique GSMA, Université de Reims-Champagne Ardenne, UMR CNRS 7331, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Cedex 2 Reims, France.
| | - Julien Cousin
- Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique GSMA, Université de Reims-Champagne Ardenne, UMR CNRS 7331, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Cedex 2 Reims, France.
| | - Nicolas Dumelié
- Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique GSMA, Université de Reims-Champagne Ardenne, UMR CNRS 7331, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Cedex 2 Reims, France.
| | - Nicolas Chauvin
- Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique GSMA, Université de Reims-Champagne Ardenne, UMR CNRS 7331, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Cedex 2 Reims, France.
| | - Dominique Legain
- Groupe d'étude de l'Atmosphère Météorologique, Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques, UMR 3589, Météo-France/CNRS, 42 Avenue G. Coriolis, 31057 Cedex 1 Toulouse, France.
| | - Diane Tzanos
- Groupe d'étude de l'Atmosphère Météorologique, Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques, UMR 3589, Météo-France/CNRS, 42 Avenue G. Coriolis, 31057 Cedex 1 Toulouse, France.
| | - Georges Durry
- Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique GSMA, Université de Reims-Champagne Ardenne, UMR CNRS 7331, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Cedex 2 Reims, France.
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Guan X, Becdelievre J, Benali A, Botella C, Grenet G, Regreny P, Chauvin N, Blanchard NP, Jaurand X, Saint-Girons G, Bachelet R, Gendry M, Penuelas J. GaAs nanowires with oxidation-proof arsenic capping for the growth of an epitaxial shell. Nanoscale 2016; 8:15637-15644. [PMID: 27513669 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr04817j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We propose an arsenic-capping/decapping method, allowing the growth of an epitaxial shell around the GaAs nanowire (NW) core which is exposed to an ambient atmosphere, and without the introduction of impurities. Self-catalyzed GaAs NW arrays were firstly grown on Si(111) substrates by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy. Aiming for protecting the active surface of the GaAs NW core, the arsenic-capping/decapping method has been applied. To validate the effect of this method, different core/shell NWs have been fabricated. Analyses highlight the benefit of the As capping-decapping method for further epitaxial shell growth: an epitaxial shell with a smooth surface is achieved in the case of As-capped-decapped GaAs NWs, comparable to the in situ grown GaAs/AlGaAs NWs. This As capping method opens a way for the epitaxial growth of heterogeneous material shells such as functional oxides using different reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Guan
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon - UMR 5270 - CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
| | - J Becdelievre
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon - UMR 5270 - CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
| | - A Benali
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon - UMR 5270 - CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
| | - C Botella
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon - UMR 5270 - CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
| | - G Grenet
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon - UMR 5270 - CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
| | - P Regreny
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon - UMR 5270 - CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
| | - N Chauvin
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon - UMR 5270 - CNRS, INSA de Lyon, 7 avenue Jean Capelle, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - N P Blanchard
- Institut Lumière Matière (ILM), UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - X Jaurand
- Centre Technologique des Microstructures, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, 5 rue Raphael Dubois-Bâtiment Darwin B, F-69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - G Saint-Girons
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon - UMR 5270 - CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
| | - R Bachelet
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon - UMR 5270 - CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
| | - M Gendry
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon - UMR 5270 - CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
| | - J Penuelas
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon - UMR 5270 - CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully cedex, France
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23
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Chauvin N, Mavel A, Patriarche G, Masenelli B, Gendry M, Machon D. Pressure-Dependent Photoluminescence Study of Wurtzite InP Nanowires. Nano Lett 2016; 16:2926-2930. [PMID: 27046672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The elastic properties of InP nanowires are investigated by photoluminescence measurements under hydrostatic pressure at room temperature and experimentally deduced values of the linear pressure coefficients are obtained. The pressure-induced energy shift of the A and B transitions yields a linear pressure coefficient of αA = 88.2 ± 0.5 meV/GPa and αB = 89.3 ± 0.5 meV/GPa with a small sublinear term of βA = βB = -2.7 ± 0.2 meV/GPa(2). Effective hydrostatic deformation potentials of -6.12 ± 0.04 and -6.2 ± 0.04 eV are derived from the results for the A and B transitions, respectively. A decrease of the integrated intensity is observed above 0.5 GPa and is interpreted as a carrier transfer from the first to the second conduction band of the wurtzite InP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Chauvin
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL)-UMR5270-CNRS, Université de Lyon , INSA-Lyon, 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Amaury Mavel
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL)-UMR5270-CNRS, Université de Lyon , INSA-Lyon, 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL)-UMR5270-CNRS, Université de Lyon , Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France
| | - Gilles Patriarche
- Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures (LPN), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay , route de Nozay, F-91460 Marcoussis, France
| | - Bruno Masenelli
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL)-UMR5270-CNRS, Université de Lyon , INSA-Lyon, 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Michel Gendry
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL)-UMR5270-CNRS, Université de Lyon , Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France
| | - Denis Machon
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
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24
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Guan X, Becdelievre J, Meunier B, Benali A, Saint-Girons G, Bachelet R, Regreny P, Botella C, Grenet G, Blanchard NP, Jaurand X, Silly MG, Sirotti F, Chauvin N, Gendry M, Penuelas J. GaAs Core/SrTiO3 Shell Nanowires Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy. Nano Lett 2016; 16:2393-2399. [PMID: 27008537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b05182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the growth of a SrTiO3 shell on self-catalyzed GaAs nanowires grown by vapor-liquid-solid assisted molecular beam epitaxy on Si(111) substrates. To control the growth of the SrTiO3 shell, the GaAs nanowires were protected using an arsenic capping/decapping procedure in order to prevent uncontrolled oxidation and/or contamination of the nanowire facets. Reflection high energy electron diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were performed to determine the structural, chemical, and morphological properties of the heterostructured nanowires. Using adapted oxide growth conditions, it is shown that most of the perovskite structure SrTiO3 shell appears to be oriented with respect to the GaAs lattice. These results are promising for achieving one-dimensional epitaxial semiconductor core/functional oxide shell nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Guan
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR 5270-CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon , 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - J Becdelievre
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR 5270-CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon , 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - B Meunier
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR 5270-CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon , 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - A Benali
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR 5270-CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon , 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - G Saint-Girons
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR 5270-CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon , 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - R Bachelet
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR 5270-CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon , 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - P Regreny
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR 5270-CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon , 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - C Botella
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR 5270-CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon , 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - G Grenet
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR 5270-CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon , 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - N P Blanchard
- Institut Lumière Matière (ILM), UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS Université de Lyon , 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - X Jaurand
- Centre Technologique des Microstructures, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , 5 rue Raphael Dubois-Bâtiment Darwin B, F-69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - M G Silly
- Synchrotron SOLEIL (TEMPO Beamline), l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Sirotti
- Synchrotron SOLEIL (TEMPO Beamline), l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N Chauvin
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR 5270-CNRS, INSA-Lyon , 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - M Gendry
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR 5270-CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon , 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - J Penuelas
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR 5270-CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon , 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully Cedex, France
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25
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Ullmann C, Adonin A, Berezov R, Chauvin N, Delferrière O, Fils J, Hollinger R, Kester O, Senée F, Tuske O. Investigation of ion beam space charge compensation with a 4-grid analyzer. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:02B938. [PMID: 26932110 DOI: 10.1063/1.4939782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Experiments to investigate the space charge compensation of pulsed high-current heavy ion beams are performed at the GSI ion source text benches with a 4-grid analyzer provided by CEA/Saclay. The technical design of the 4-grid analyzer is revised to verify its functionality for measurements at pulsed high-current heavy ion beams. The experimental investigation of space charge compensation processes is needed to increase the performance and quality of current and future accelerator facilities. Measurements are performed directly downstream a triode extraction system mounted to a multi-cusp ion source at a high-current test bench as well as downstream the post-acceleration system of the high-current test injector (HOSTI) with ion energies up to 120 keV/u for helium and argon. At HOSTI, a cold or hot reflex discharge ion source is used to change the conditions for the measurements. The measurements were performed with helium, argon, and xenon and are presented. Results from measurements with single aperture extraction systems are shown.
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Okumura Y, Gobin R, Knaster J, Heidinger R, Ayala JM, Bolzon B, Cara P, Chauvin N, Chel S, Gex D, Harrault F, Ichimiya R, Ihara A, Ikeda Y, Kasugai A, Kikuchi T, Kitano T, Komata M, Kondo K, Maebara S, Marqueta A, O'Hira S, Perez M, Phillips G, Pruneri G, Sakamoto K, Scantamburlo F, Senée F, Shinto K, Sugimoto M, Takahashi H, Usami H, Valette M. Operation and commissioning of IFMIF (International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility) LIPAc injector. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:02A739. [PMID: 26931957 DOI: 10.1063/1.4936248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of linear IFMIF prototype accelerator is to demonstrate 125 mA/CW deuterium ion beam acceleration up to 9 MeV. The injector has been developed in CEA Saclay and already demonstrated 140 mA/100 keV deuterium beam [R. Gobin et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85, 02A918 (2014)]. The injector was disassembled and delivered to the International Fusion Energy Research Center in Rokkasho, Japan. After reassembling the injector, commissioning has started in 2014. Up to now, 100 keV/120 mA/CW hydrogen and 100 keV/90 mA/CW deuterium ion beams have been produced stably from a 10 mm diameter extraction aperture with a low beam emittance of 0.21 π mm mrad (rms, normalized). Neutron production by D-D reaction up to 2.4 × 10(9) n/s has been observed in the deuterium operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Okumura
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - R Gobin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - J Knaster
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - R Heidinger
- F4E, Fusion for Energy, BFD Department, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J-M Ayala
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - B Bolzon
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - P Cara
- F4E, Fusion for Energy, BFD Department, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - N Chauvin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - S Chel
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - D Gex
- F4E, Fusion for Energy, BFD Department, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F Harrault
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - R Ichimiya
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - A Ihara
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - Y Ikeda
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - A Kasugai
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - T Kikuchi
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - T Kitano
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - M Komata
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - K Kondo
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - S Maebara
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - A Marqueta
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - S O'Hira
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - M Perez
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - G Phillips
- F4E, Fusion for Energy, BFD Department, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G Pruneri
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - K Sakamoto
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - F Scantamburlo
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - F Senée
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - K Shinto
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - M Sugimoto
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - H Takahashi
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - H Usami
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 039-3212 Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - M Valette
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
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Berezov R, Brodhage R, Chauvin N, Delferriere O, Fils J, Hollinger R, Ivanova V, Tuske O, Ullmann C. High intensity proton injector for facility of antiproton and ion research. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:02A705. [PMID: 26931923 DOI: 10.1063/1.4932393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The high current ion source with the low energy beam transport (LEBT) will serve as injector into the proton LINAC to provide primary proton beam for the production of antiprotons. The pulsed ion source developed and built in CEA/Saclay operates with a frequency of 2.45 GHz based on ECR plasma production with two coils with 87.5 mT magnetic field necessary for the electron cyclotron resonance. The compact LEBT consists of two solenoids with a maximum magnetic field of 500 mT including two integrated magnetic steerers to adjust the horizontal and vertical beam positions. The total length of the compact LEBT is 2.3 m and was made as short as possible to reduced emittance growth along the beam line. To measure ion beam intensity behind the pentode extraction system, between solenoids and at the end of the beam line, two current transformers and a Faraday cup are installed. To get information about the beam quality and position, the diagnostic chamber with different equipment will be installed between the two solenoids. This article reports the current status of the proton injector for the facility of antiproton and ion research.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Berezov
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R Brodhage
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - N Chauvin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, IRFU, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - O Delferriere
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, IRFU, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Fils
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R Hollinger
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - V Ivanova
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - O Tuske
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, IRFU, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Ullmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
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28
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Shinto K, Senée F, Ayala JM, Bolzon B, Chauvin N, Gobin R, Ichimiya R, Ihara A, Ikeda Y, Kasugai A, Kitano T, Kondo K, Marqueta A, Okumura Y, Takahashi H, Valette M. Measurement of ion species in high current ECR H⁺/D⁺ ion source for IFMIF (International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility). Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:02A727. [PMID: 26931945 DOI: 10.1063/1.4933342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ion species ratio of high current positive hydrogen/deuterium ion beams extracted from an electron-cyclotron-resonance ion source for International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility accelerator was measured by the Doppler shift Balmer-α line spectroscopy. The proton (H(+)) ratio at the middle of the low energy beam transport reached 80% at the hydrogen ion beam extraction of 100 keV/160 mA and the deuteron (D(+)) ratio reached 75% at the deuterium ion beam extraction of 100 keV/113 mA. It is found that the H(+) ratio measured by the spectroscopy gives lower than that derived from the phase-space diagram measured by an Allison scanner type emittance monitor. The H(+)/D(+) ratio estimated by the emittance monitor was more than 90% at those extraction currents.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shinto
- Rokkasho Fusion Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Rokkasho, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - F Senée
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - J-M Ayala
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Rokkasho, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - B Bolzon
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - N Chauvin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - R Gobin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - R Ichimiya
- Rokkasho Fusion Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Rokkasho, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - A Ihara
- Rokkasho Fusion Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Rokkasho, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - Y Ikeda
- Rokkasho Fusion Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Rokkasho, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - A Kasugai
- Rokkasho Fusion Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Rokkasho, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - T Kitano
- Rokkasho Fusion Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Rokkasho, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - K Kondo
- Rokkasho Fusion Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Rokkasho, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - A Marqueta
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Rokkasho, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - Y Okumura
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Rokkasho, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - H Takahashi
- Rokkasho Fusion Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Rokkasho, Aomori 039-3212, Japan
| | - M Valette
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
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Gobin R, Bogard D, Bolzon B, Bourdelle G, Chauvin N, Chel S, Girardot P, Gomes A, Guiho P, Harrault F, Loiseau D, Lussignol Y, Misiara N, Roger A, Senée F, Valette M, Cara P, Duglué D, Gex D, Okumura Y, Ayala JM, Knaster J, Marqueta A, Kasugai A, O'Hira S, Shinto K, Takahashi H. Installation and first operation of the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility injector at the Rokkasho site. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:02A726. [PMID: 26931944 DOI: 10.1063/1.4932977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) linear IFMIF prototype accelerator injector dedicated to high intensity deuteron beam production has been designed, built, and tested at CEA/Saclay between 2008 and 2012. After the completion of the acceptance tests at Saclay, the injector has been fully sent to Japan. The re-assembly of the injector has been performed between March and May 2014. Then after the check-out phase, the production of the first proton beam occurred in November 2014. Hydrogen and deuteron beam commissioning is now in progress after having proceeded with the final tests on the entire injector equipment including high power diagnostics. This article reports the different phases of the injector installation pointing out the safety and security needs, as well as the first beam production results in Japan and chopper tests. Detailed operation and commissioning results (with H(+) and D(+) 100 keV beams) are reported in a second article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Gobin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Daniel Bogard
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Benoit Bolzon
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Gilles Bourdelle
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Nicolas Chauvin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Stéphane Chel
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Patrick Girardot
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Adelino Gomes
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Patrice Guiho
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Francis Harrault
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Denis Loiseau
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Yves Lussignol
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Nicolas Misiara
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Arnaud Roger
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Franck Senée
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Matthieu Valette
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Philippe Cara
- Fusion for Energy, BFD Department, Garching, Germany
| | - Daniel Duglué
- Fusion for Energy, BFD Department, Garching, Germany
| | - Dominique Gex
- Fusion for Energy, BFD Department, Garching, Germany
| | - Yoshikazu Okumura
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Obuchi-Omotedate, 2-166, Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - Juan Marcos Ayala
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Obuchi-Omotedate, 2-166, Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - Juan Knaster
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Obuchi-Omotedate, 2-166, Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - Alvaro Marqueta
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Obuchi-Omotedate, 2-166, Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kasugai
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 2-166, Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - Shigeru O'Hira
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 2-166, Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Shinto
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 2-166, Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate, 2-166, Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
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Anufriev R, Barakat JB, Patriarche G, Letartre X, Bru-Chevallier C, Harmand JC, Gendry M, Chauvin N. Optical polarization properties of InAs/InP quantum dot and quantum rod nanowires. Nanotechnology 2015; 26:395701. [PMID: 26349621 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/39/395701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The emission polarization of single InAs/InP quantum dot (QD) and quantum rod (QR) nanowires is investigated at room temperature. Whereas the emission of the QRs is mainly polarized parallel to the nanowire axis, the opposite behavior is observed for the QDs. These optical properties can be explained by a combination of dielectric effects related to the nanowire geometry and to the configuration of the valence band in the nanostructure. A theoretical model and finite difference in time domain calculations are presented to describe the impact of the nanowire and the surroundings on the optical properties of the emitter. Using this model, the intrinsic degree of linear polarization of the two types of emitters is extracted. The strong polarization anisotropies indicate a valence band mixing in the QRs but not in the QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Anufriev
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL)-UMR5270-CNRS, INSA-Lyon, 7 avenue Jean Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
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31
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Ullmann C, Berezov R, Fils J, Chauvin N, Delferriere O, Hollinger R, Kester O, Vinzenz W. The proton injector for the accelerator facility of antiproton and ion research (FAIR). Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:02A952. [PMID: 24593531 DOI: 10.1063/1.4826340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The new international accelerator facility for antiproton and ion research (FAIR) at GSI in Darmstadt, Germany, is one of the largest research projects worldwide and will provide an antiproton production rate of 7 × 10(10) cooled pbars per hour. This is equivalent to a primary proton beam current of 2 × 10(16) protons per hour. For this request a high intensity proton linac (p-linac) will be built with an operating rf-frequency of 325 MHz to accelerate a 35 mA proton beam at 70 MeV, using conducting crossed-bar H-cavities. The repetition rate is 4 Hz with beam pulse length of 36 μs. The microwave ion source and low energy beam transport developed within a joint French-German collaboration GSI/CEA-SACLAY will serve as an injector of the compact proton linac. The 2.45 GHz ion source allows high brightness ion beams at an energy of 95 keV and will deliver a proton beam current of 100 mA at the entrance of the radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) within an acceptance of 0.3π mm mrad (norm., rms).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ullmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R Berezov
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Fils
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - N Chauvin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, IRFU, F-91191-Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - O Delferriere
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, IRFU, F-91191-Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - R Hollinger
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - O Kester
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - W Vinzenz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
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32
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Gobin R, Bogard D, Cara P, Chauvin N, Chel S, Delferrière O, Harrault F, Mattei P, Mosnier A, Senée F, Shidara H, Okumura Y. International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility injector acceptance tests at CEA/Saclay: 140 mA/100 keV deuteron beam characterization. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:02A918. [PMID: 24593497 DOI: 10.1063/1.4827678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the framework of the ITER broader approach, the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) deuteron accelerator (2 × 125 mA at 40 MeV) is an irradiation tool dedicated to high neutron flux production for future nuclear plant material studies. During the validation phase, the Linear IFMIF Prototype Accelerator (LIPAc) machine will be tested on the Rokkasho site in Japan. This demonstrator aims to produce 125 mA/9 MeV deuteron beam. Involved in the LIPAc project for several years, specialists from CEA/Saclay designed the injector based on a SILHI type ECR source operating at 2.45 GHz and a 2 solenoid low energy beam line to produce such high intensity beam. The whole injector, equipped with its dedicated diagnostics, has been then installed and tested on the Saclay site. Before shipment from Europe to Japan, acceptance tests have been performed in November 2012 with 100 keV deuteron beam and intensity as high as 140 mA in continuous and pulsed mode. In this paper, the emittance measurements done for different duty cycles and different beam intensities will be presented as well as beam species fraction analysis. Then the reinstallation in Japan and commissioning plan on site will be reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gobin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191-Gif/Yvette, France
| | - D Bogard
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191-Gif/Yvette, France
| | - P Cara
- Fusion for Energy, BFD Department, Garching, Germany
| | - N Chauvin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191-Gif/Yvette, France
| | - S Chel
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191-Gif/Yvette, France
| | - O Delferrière
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191-Gif/Yvette, France
| | - F Harrault
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191-Gif/Yvette, France
| | - P Mattei
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191-Gif/Yvette, France
| | - A Mosnier
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191-Gif/Yvette, France
| | - F Senée
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191-Gif/Yvette, France
| | - H Shidara
- IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team, Obuchi-Omotedate 2-166, Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
| | - Y Okumura
- JAEA, Division of Rokkasho BA Project, Obuchi-Omotedate 2-166, Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
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Benali A, Michallon J, Regreny P, Drouard E, Rojo P, Chauvin N, Bucci D, Fave A, Kaminski-Cachopo A, Gendry M. Optical Simulation of Multijunction Solar Cells Based on III-V Nanowires on Silicon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2014.12.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hadj Alouane MH, Chauvin N, Khmissi H, Naji K, Ilahi B, Maaref H, Patriarche G, Gendry M, Bru-Chevallier C. Excitonic properties of wurtzite InP nanowires grown on silicon substrate. Nanotechnology 2013; 24:035704. [PMID: 23262659 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/3/035704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the optical properties of wurtzite (Wz) InP nanowires grown on Si(001) by solid source molecular beam epitaxy with the vapour-liquid-solid method, the growth temperature and V/III pressure ratio have been optimized to remove any zinc-blende insertion. These pure Wz InP nanowires have been investigated by photoluminescence (PL), time-resolved PL and PL excitation. Direct observation of the second and third valence band in Wz InP nanowires using PL spectroscopy at high excitation power have been reported and, from these measurements, a crystal field splitting of 74 meV and a spin-orbit interaction energy of 145 meV were extracted. Based on the study of temperature-dependent optical properties, we have performed an investigation of the thermal escape processes of carriers and the electron-phonon coupling strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Hadj Alouane
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon, (INL)-UMR5270-CNRS, Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.
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35
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Chauvin N, Delferrière O, Duperrier R, Gobin R, Nghiem PAP, Uriot D. Transport of intense ion beams and space charge compensation issues in low energy beam lines (invited). Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:02B320. [PMID: 22380299 DOI: 10.1063/1.3678658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few years, the interest of the international scientific community for high power accelerators in the megawatt range has been increasing. For such machines, the ion source has to deliver a beam intensity that ranges from several tens up to a hundred of mA. One of the major challenges is to extract and transport the beam while minimizing the emittance growth and optimizing its injection into the radio frequency quadrupole. Consequently, it is crucial to perform precise simulations and cautious design of the low energy beam transport (LEBT) line. In particular, the beam dynamics calculations have to take into account not only the space charge effects but also the space charge compensation of the beam induced by ionization of the residual gas. The physical phenomena occurring in a high intensity LEBT and their possible effects on the beam are presented, with a particular emphasis on space charge compensation. Then, beam transport issues in different kind of LEBTs are briefly reviewed. The SOLMAXP particle-in-cell code dedicated to the modeling of the transport of charge particles under a space charge compensation regime is described. Finally, beam dynamics simulations results obtained with SOLMAXP are presented in the case of international fusion materials irradiation facility injector.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chauvin
- CEA, IRFU, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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36
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Gobin R, Adroit G, Bogard D, Bourdelle G, Chauvin N, Delferrière O, Gauthier Y, Girardot P, Guiho P, Harrault F, Jannin JL, Loiseau D, Mattei P, Roger A, Sauce Y, Senée F, Vacher T. Preliminary results of the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility deuteron injector. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:02A345. [PMID: 22380192 DOI: 10.1063/1.3673643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the framework of the IFMIF-EVEDA project (International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility-Engineering Validation and Engineering Design Activities), CEA∕IRFU is in charge of the design, construction, and characterization of the 140 mA continuous deuteron injector, including the source and the low energy beam line. The electron cyclotron resonance ion source which operates at 2.45 GHz is associated with a 4-electrode extraction system in order to minimize beam divergence at the source exit. Krypton gas injection is foreseen in the 2-solenoid low energy beam line. Such Kr injection will allow reaching a high level of space charge compensation in order to improve the beam matching at the radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) entrance. The injector construction is now completed on the Saclay site and the first plasma and beam production has been produced in May 2011. This installation will be tested with proton and deuteron beams either in pulsed or continuous mode at Saclay before shipping to Japan. In this paper, after a brief description of the installation, the preliminary results obtained with hydrogen gas injection into the plasma chamber will be reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gobin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energie Alternatives, CEA∕Saclay, DSM∕IRFU, 91191-Gif∕Yvette, France.
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37
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Alouane MHH, Anufriev R, Chauvin N, Khmissi H, Naji K, Ilahi B, Maaref H, Patriarche G, Gendry M, Bru-Chevallier C. Wurtzite InP/InAs/InP core-shell nanowires emitting at telecommunication wavelengths on Si substrate. Nanotechnology 2011; 22:405702. [PMID: 21911925 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/40/405702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Optical properties of wurtzite InP/InAs/InP core-shell nanowires grown on silicon substrates by solid source molecular beam epitaxy are studied by means of photoluminescence and microphotoluminescence. The growth conditions were optimized to obtain purely wurtzite radial quantum wells emitting in the telecom bands with a radiative lifetime in the 5-7 ns range at 14 K. Optical studies on single nanowires reveal that the polarization is mainly parallel to the growth direction. A 20-fold reduction of the photoluminescence intensity is observed between 14 and 300 K confirming the very good quality of the nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Hadj Alouane
- Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL)-UMR5270-CNRS, Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
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38
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Bru-Chevallier C, El Akra A, Pelloux-Gervais D, Dumont H, Canut B, Chauvin N, Regreny P, Gendry M, Patriarche G, Jancu JM, Even J, Noe P, Calvo V, Salem B. InGaAs quantum dots grown by molecular beam epitaxy for light emission on Si substrates. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:9153-9159. [PMID: 22400316 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.4282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to achieve homogeneous, high density and dislocation free InGaAs quantum dots grown by molecular beam epitaxy for light emission on silicon substrates. This work is part of a project which aims at overcoming the severe limitation suffered by silicon regarding its optoelectronic applications, especially efficient light emission device. For this study, one of the key points is to overcome the expected type II InGaAs/Si interface by inserting the InGaAs quantum dots inside a thin silicon quantum well in SiO2 fabricated on a SOI substrate. Confinement effects of the Si/SiO2 quantum well are expected to heighten the indirect silicon bandgap and then give rise to a type I interface with the InGaAs quantum dots. Band structure and optical properties are modeled within the tight binding approximation: direct energy bandgap is demonstrated in SiO2/Si/InAs/Si/SiO2 heterostructures for very thin Si layers and absorption coefficient is calculated. Thinned SOI substrates are successfully prepared using successive etching process resulting in a 2 nm-thick Si layer on top of silica. Another key point to get light emission from InGaAs quantum dots is to avoid any dislocations or defects in the quantum dots. We investigate the quantum dot size distribution, density and structural quality at different V/III beam equivalent pressure ratios, different growth temperatures and as a function of the amount of deposited material. This study was performed for InGaAs quantum dots grown on Si(001) substrates. The capping of InGaAs quantum dots by a silicon epilayer is performed in order to get efficient photoluminescence emission from quantum dots. Scanning transmission electronic microscopy images are used to study the structural quality of the quantum dots. Dislocation free In50Ga50As QDs are successfully obtained on a (001) silicon substrate. The analysis of QDs capped with silicon by Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry in a channeling geometry is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bru-Chevallier
- Université de Lyon, INL CNRS UMR-5270, INSA-Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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39
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Gobin R, Blideanu V, Bogard D, Bourdelle G, Chauvin N, Delferrière O, Girardot P, Jannin JL, Langlois S, Loiseau D, Pottin B, Rousse JY, Senée F. General design of the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility deuteron injector: source and beam line. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:02B301. [PMID: 20192424 DOI: 10.1063/1.3257998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In the framework of the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility-Engineering Validation and Engineering Design Activities (IFMIF-EVEDA) project, CEA/IRFU is in charge of the design and realization of the 140 mA cw deuteron Injector. The electron cyclotron resonance ion source operates at 2.45 GHz and a 4 electrode extraction system has been chosen. A 2 solenoid beam line, together with a high space charge compensation have been optimized for a proper beam injection in the 175 MHz radio frequency quadrupole. The injector will be tested with proton and deuteron beam production either in pulsed mode or in cw mode on the CEA-Saclay site before to be shipped to Japan. Special attention was paid to neutron emission due to (d,D) reaction. In this paper, the general IFMIF Injector design is reported, pointing out beam dynamics, radioprotection, diagnostics, and mechanical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gobin
- Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, CEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France.
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40
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Chauvin N, Balet L, Alloing B, Zinoni C, Li L, Fiore A, Grenouillet L, Gilet P, Olivier N, Tchelnokov A, Terrier M, Gérard JM. Enhanced spontaneous emission from InAs/GaAs quantum dots in pillar microcavities emitting at telecom wavelengths. Opt Lett 2007; 32:2747-9. [PMID: 17873956 DOI: 10.1364/ol.32.002747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Optical properties of InAs/GaAs quantum dots in micropillar cavities emitting at 1.3 microm are studied by time-resolved microphotoluminescence. The Purcell effect is observed with an enhancement of the decay rate by a factor of two for quantum dots in resonance with the cavity mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Chauvin
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), IPEQ, Station 3, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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41
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Chauvin N, Salem B, Bru-Chevallier C, Benyattou T, Guillot G, Bremond G, Monat C, Rojo-Romeo P, Gendry M. Micro-photoluminescence study of single self-organized InAs/InP quantum sticks. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2005.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Georgenthum V, Brillaud J, Chauvin N, Pelletier M, Noirot J, Placq D. Experimental study and modelling of the thermoelastic behaviour of composite fuel in reactors - emphasis on spinel based composites. Progress in Nuclear Energy 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0149-1970(00)00125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ferrigno O, Virolle T, Galliano MF, Chauvin N, Ortonne JP, Meneguzzi G, Aberdam D. Murine laminin alpha3A and alpha3B isoform chains are generated by usage of two promoters and alternative splicing. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:20502-7. [PMID: 9252362 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.33.20502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We already identified two distinct laminin alpha3A and alpha3B chain isoforms which differ in their amino-terminal ends and display different tissue-specific expression patterns. In this study we have investigated whether these two different isoforms are products of the same laminin alpha3 (lama3) gene and transcribed from one or two separate promoters. Genomic clones were isolated that encompass the sequences upstream to the 5' ends of both the alpha3A and the alpha3B cDNAs. Sequence analysis of the region upstream to the alpha3A open reading frame revealed the presence of a TATA box and potential binding sites for responsive elements. By primer extension analysis, the transcription start site of the alpha3B mRNA isoform was defined. The sequences upstream to the alpha3B mRNA transcription start site do not contain a TATA box near the transcription initiation sites, but AP-1, AP-2, and Sp1 consensus binding site sequences were identified. The genomic regions located immediately upstream of the alpha3A and alpha3B transcription start sites were shown to possess promoter activities in transfection experiments. In the promoter regions, response elements for the acute phase reactant signal and NF-interleukin 6 were found, and their possible relevance in the context of inflammation and wound healing is discussed. Our results demonstrate that the lama3 gene produces the two polypeptides by alternative splicing and contains two promoters, which regulate the production of the two isoforms alpha3A and alpha3B.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ferrigno
- U385 INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, 06107 Nice Cedex 2, France
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