1
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Chen J, Jiang G, Hamann E, Mescher H, Jin Q, Allegro I, Brenner P, Li Z, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A, Lemmer U. Organosilicon-Based Ligand Design for High-Performance Perovskite Nanocrystal Films for Color Conversion and X-ray Imaging. ACS Nano 2024; 18:10054-10062. [PMID: 38527458 PMCID: PMC11008364 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) bear a huge potential for widespread applications, such as color conversion, X-ray scintillators, and active laser media. However, the poor intrinsic stability and high susceptibility to environmental stimuli including moisture and oxygen have become bottlenecks of PNC materials for commercialization. Appropriate barrier material design can efficiently improve the stability of the PNCs. Particularly, the strategy for packaging PNCs in organosilicon matrixes can integrate the advantages of inorganic-oxide-based and polymer-based encapsulation routes. However, the inert long-carbon-chain ligands (e.g., oleic acid, oleylamine) used in the current ligand systems for silicon-based encapsulation are detrimental to the cross-linking of the organosilicon matrix, resulting in performance deficiencies in the nanocrystal films, such as low transparency and large surface roughness. Herein, we propose a dual-organosilicon ligand system consisting of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane with pentanedioic anhydride (APTES-PA), to replace the inert long-carbon-chain ligands for improving the performance of organosilicon-coated PNC films. As a result, strongly fluorescent PNC films prepared by a facile solution-casting method demonstrate high transparency and reduced surface roughness while maintaining high stability in various harsh environments. The optimized PNC films were eventually applied in an X-ray imaging system as scintillators, showing a high spatial resolution above 20 lp/mm. By designing this promising dual organosilicon ligand system for PNC films, our work highlights the crucial influence of the molecular structure of the capping ligands on the optical performance of the PNC film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchi Chen
- Light
Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Guocan Jiang
- Zhejiang
Institute of Photoelectronics, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004 Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Physical
Chemistry, Technische Universität
Dresden (TUD), Zellescher
Weg 19, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Elias Hamann
- Institute
for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Henning Mescher
- Light
Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Qihao Jin
- Light
Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Isabel Allegro
- Light
Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Philipp Brenner
- ZEISS
Innovation Hub @ KIT, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 6, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Zhengquan Li
- Zhejiang
Institute of Photoelectronics, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004 Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical
Chemistry, Technische Universität
Dresden (TUD), Zellescher
Weg 19, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Eychmüller
- Physical
Chemistry, Technische Universität
Dresden (TUD), Zellescher
Weg 19, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Uli Lemmer
- Light
Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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2
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Raevskaya A, Rozovik O, Novikova A, Selyshchev O, Stroyuk O, Dzhagan V, Goryacheva I, Gaponik N, Zahn DRT, Eychmüller A. Correction: Luminescence and photoelectrochemical properties of size-selected aqueous copper-doped Ag-In-S quantum dots. RSC Adv 2023; 13:31487. [PMID: 37901258 PMCID: PMC10603616 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra90104a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C8RA00257F.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Raevskaya
- L. V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Oksana Rozovik
- L. V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
| | | | | | - Oleksandr Stroyuk
- L. V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Volodymyr Dzhagan
- V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductors Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
| | | | | | - Dietrich R T Zahn
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology 09107 Chemnitz Germany
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3
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Sukhanova A, Bozrova S, Gerasimovich E, Baryshnikova M, Sokolova Z, Samokhvalov P, Guhrenz C, Gaponik N, Karaulov A, Nabiev I. Dependence of Quantum Dot Toxicity In Vitro on Their Size, Chemical Composition, and Surface Charge. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:nano12162734. [PMID: 36014600 PMCID: PMC9416395 DOI: 10.3390/nano12162734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor nanocrystals known as quantum dots (QDs) are of great interest for researchers and have potential use in various applications in biomedicine, such as in vitro diagnostics, molecular tracking, in vivo imaging, and drug delivery. Systematic analysis of potential hazardous effects of QDs is necessary to ensure their safe use. In this study, we obtained water-soluble core/shell QDs differing in size, surface charge, and chemical composition of the core. All the synthesized QDs were modified with polyethylene glycol derivatives to obtain outer organic shells protecting them from degradation. The physical and chemical parameters were fully characterized. In vitro cytotoxicity of the QDs was estimated in both normal and tumor cell lines. We demonstrated that QDs with the smallest size had the highest in vitro cytotoxicity. The most toxic QDs were characterized by a low negative surface charge, while positively charged QDs were less cytotoxic, and QDs with a greater negative charge were the least toxic. In contrast, the chemical composition of the QD core did not noticeably affect the cytotoxicity in vitro. This study provides a better understanding of the influence of the QD parameters on their cytotoxicity and can be used to improve the design of QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyona Sukhanova
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Nanosciences, LRN-EA4682, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Svetlana Bozrova
- Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeniia Gerasimovich
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Nanosciences, LRN-EA4682, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
- Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Baryshnikova
- Laboratory of Experimental Diagnostics and Biotherapy of Tumors, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Zinaida Sokolova
- Laboratory of Experimental Diagnostics and Biotherapy of Tumors, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Samokhvalov
- Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Chris Guhrenz
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Karaulov
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Nabiev
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Nanosciences, LRN-EA4682, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
- Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia
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4
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Schaber J, Xiang R, Teichert J, Arnold A, Murcek P, Zwartek P, Ryzhov A, Ma S, Gatzmaga S, Michel P, Gaponik N. Influence of Surface Cleaning on Quantum Efficiency, Lifetime and Surface Morphology of p-GaN:Cs Photocathodes. Micromachines 2022; 13:mi13060849. [PMID: 35744463 PMCID: PMC9227593 DOI: 10.3390/mi13060849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Accelerator scientists have high demands on photocathodes possessing high quantum efficiency (QE) and long operational lifetime. p-GaN, as a new photocathode type, has recently gained more and more interest because of its ability to form a negative electron affinity (NEA) surface. Being activated with a thin layer of cesium, p-GaN:Cs photocathodes promise higher QE and better stability than the known photocathodes. In our study, p-GaN samples grown on sapphire or silicon were wet chemically cleaned and transferred into an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) chamber, where they underwent a subsequent thermal cleaning. The cleaned p-GaN samples were activated with cesium to obtain p-GaN:Cs photocathodes, and their performance was monitored with respect to their quality, especially their QE and storage lifetime. The surface topography and morphology were examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in combination with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. We have shown that p-GaN could be efficiently reactivated with cesium several times. This paper systematically compares the influence of wet chemical cleaning as well as thermal cleaning at various temperatures on the QE, storage lifetime and surface morphology of p-GaN. As expected, the cleaning strongly influences the cathodes’ quality. We show that high QE and long storage lifetime are achievable at lower cleaning temperatures in our UHV chamber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Schaber
- SRF-Gun Group, ELBE Department, Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.X.); (J.T.); (A.A.); (P.M.); (P.Z.); (A.R.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (P.M.)
- Eychmüller Group, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| | - Rong Xiang
- SRF-Gun Group, ELBE Department, Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.X.); (J.T.); (A.A.); (P.M.); (P.Z.); (A.R.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Jochen Teichert
- SRF-Gun Group, ELBE Department, Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.X.); (J.T.); (A.A.); (P.M.); (P.Z.); (A.R.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (P.M.)
| | - André Arnold
- SRF-Gun Group, ELBE Department, Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.X.); (J.T.); (A.A.); (P.M.); (P.Z.); (A.R.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Petr Murcek
- SRF-Gun Group, ELBE Department, Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.X.); (J.T.); (A.A.); (P.M.); (P.Z.); (A.R.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Paul Zwartek
- SRF-Gun Group, ELBE Department, Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.X.); (J.T.); (A.A.); (P.M.); (P.Z.); (A.R.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Anton Ryzhov
- SRF-Gun Group, ELBE Department, Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.X.); (J.T.); (A.A.); (P.M.); (P.Z.); (A.R.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Shuai Ma
- SRF-Gun Group, ELBE Department, Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.X.); (J.T.); (A.A.); (P.M.); (P.Z.); (A.R.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Stefan Gatzmaga
- SRF-Gun Group, ELBE Department, Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.X.); (J.T.); (A.A.); (P.M.); (P.Z.); (A.R.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Peter Michel
- SRF-Gun Group, ELBE Department, Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (R.X.); (J.T.); (A.A.); (P.M.); (P.Z.); (A.R.); (S.M.); (S.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Eychmüller Group, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany;
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5
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Goryacheva OA, Wegner KD, Sobolev AM, Häusler I, Gaponik N, Goryacheva IY, Resch-Genger U. Influence of particle architecture on the photoluminescence properties of silica-coated CdSe core/shell quantum dots. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:4427-4439. [PMID: 35303136 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Light-emitting nanoparticles like semiconductor nanocrystals (termed quantum dots, QDs) are promising candidates for biosensing and bioimaging applications based on their bright and stable photoluminescent properties. As high-quality QDs are often synthesized in organic solvents, strategies needed to be developed to render them water-dispersible without affecting their optical properties and prevent changes in postmodification steps like the biofunctionalization with antibodies or DNA. Despite a large number of studies on suitable surface modification procedures, the preparation of water-soluble QDs for nanobiotechnology applications still presents a challenge. To highlight the advantages of surface silanization, we systematically explored the influence of the core/multishell architecture of CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs and the silanization conditions on the optical properties of the resulting silanized QDs. Our results show that the optical properties of silica-coated CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs are best preserved in the presence of a thick CdS (6 monolayers (ML)) intermediate shell, providing a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY), and a relatively thick ZnS (4.5 ML) external shell, effectively shielding the QDs from the chemical changes during silica coating. In addition to the QD core/shell architecture, other critical parameters of the silica-coating process, that can have an influence on the optical properties of the QD, include the choice of the surfactant and its concentration used for silica coating. The highest PL QY of about 46% was obtained by a microemulsion silica-coating procedure with the surfactant Brij L4, making these water-dispersible QDs to well-suited optical reporters in future applications like fluorescence immunoassays, biomedicine, and bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Goryacheva
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012, Saratov, Russia. .,Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - K David Wegner
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aleksandr M Sobolev
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012, Saratov, Russia.,Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ines Häusler
- AG Strukturforschung/Elektronenmikroskopie, Institut Für Physik, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Irina Y Goryacheva
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012, Saratov, Russia
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
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6
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Goryacheva OA, Guhrenz C, Schneider K, Beloglazova NV, Goryacheva IY, De Saeger S, Gaponik N. Silanized Luminescent Quantum Dots for the Simultaneous Multicolor Lateral Flow Immunoassay of Two Mycotoxins. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:24575-24584. [PMID: 32372638 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A critical point for the successful development of a fluorescent quantum dot (QD)-based immunoassay is maintaining the high fluorescence quantum yield of QDs during hydrophilization and bioconjugation. In this paper, we carefully designed CdSe/CdS and CdSe/CdS/ZnS core-shell heterostructures and extended them with silica coating of different surface composition allowing preservation of fluorescence quantum yield as high as 70% in aqueous media. The silanized QDs containing epoxy and carboxy surface groups were bioconjugated with monoclonal antibodies. The synthesized fluorescent conjugates were used in a multicolor lateral flow immunoassay for simultaneous determination of two mycotoxins. Zearalenone and deoxynivalenol were chosen as a proof of concept. Cutoff levels for the zearalenone and deoxynivalenol detection were adjusted to be at 40 and 400 μg kg-1, respectively, complying with the European Commission regulation. Validation of the developed test was performed by analysis of 34 naturally contaminated maize and wheat samples; as a confirmatory method, LC-MS/MS was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Goryacheva
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstr. 66b, Dresden 01062, Germany
- Chemistry Institute, Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Chris Guhrenz
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstr. 66b, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Kristian Schneider
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstr. 66b, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Natalia V Beloglazova
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Nanotechnology Education and Research Center, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
| | - Irina Yu Goryacheva
- Chemistry Institute, Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstr. 66b, Dresden 01062, Germany
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7
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Stroyuk O, Raevskaya A, Spranger F, Selyshchev O, Dzhagan V, Solonenko D, Gaponik N, Zahn DRT, Eychmüller A. Mercury-indium-sulfide nanocrystals: A new member of the family of ternary in based chalcogenides. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:144701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5119991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Stroyuk
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen Nürnberg für Erneuerbare Energien (HI ERN), Immerwahrstr. 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- L.V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
| | - Alexandra Raevskaya
- L.V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
| | | | - Oleksandr Selyshchev
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Volodymyr Dzhagan
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Solonenko
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | | | - Dietrich R. T. Zahn
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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8
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Jiang G, Guhrenz C, Kirch A, Sonntag L, Bauer C, Fan X, Wang J, Reineke S, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A. Highly Luminescent and Water-Resistant CsPbBr 3-CsPb 2Br 5 Perovskite Nanocrystals Coordinated with Partially Hydrolyzed Poly(methyl methacrylate) and Polyethylenimine. ACS Nano 2019; 13:10386-10396. [PMID: 31430122 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
All inorganic lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) typically suffer from poor stability against moisture and UV radiation as well as degradation during thermal treatment. The stability of PNCs can be significantly enhanced through polymer encapsulation, often accompanied by a decrease of photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) due to the loss of highly dynamic oleylamine/oleic acid (OLA/OA) ligands. Herein, we propose a solution for this problem by utilizing partially hydrolyzed poly(methyl methacrylate) (h-PMMA) and highly branched poly(ethylenimine) (b-PEI) as double ligands stabilizing the PNCs already during the mechanochemical synthesis (grinding). The hydrophobic polymer of h-PMMA imparts excellent film-forming properties and water stability to the resulting NC-polymer composite. In its own turn, the b-PEI forms an amino-rich, strongly binding ligand layer on the surface of the PNCs being responsible for the significant improvement of the PLQY and the stability of the resulting material. Moreover, the introduction of b-PEI promotes a partial phase conversion from CsPbBr3 to CsPb2Br5 to obtain CsPbBr3/CsPb2Br5 nanocrystals with a core-shell-like structure. As-prepared PNCs solutions are directly processable as inks, while their PLQY drops only slightly from 75% in colloidal solution to 65% in films. Moreover, the final PNC-polymer film exhibits excellent stability against water, heat, and ultraviolet light irradiation. These superior properties allowed us to fabricate a proof of concept thin film OLED with h-PMMA/b-PEI-stabilized PNCs as an easily processable, narrowly emitting color conversion composite material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocan Jiang
- Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstraße 66b , D-01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Chris Guhrenz
- Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstraße 66b , D-01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Anton Kirch
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics , Technische Universität Dresden , Nöthnitzer Straße 61 , D-01187 Dresden , Germany
| | - Luisa Sonntag
- Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstraße 66b , D-01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Christoph Bauer
- Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstraße 66b , D-01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Xuelin Fan
- Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstraße 66b , D-01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials , Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua , 321004 Zhejiang , China
| | - Sebastian Reineke
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics , Technische Universität Dresden , Nöthnitzer Straße 61 , D-01187 Dresden , Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstraße 66b , D-01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Alexander Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstraße 66b , D-01062 Dresden , Germany
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9
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Stroyuk O, Raevskaya A, Spranger F, Gaponik N, Zahn DRT. Temperature-Dependent Photoluminescence of Silver-Indium-Sulfide Nanocrystals in Aqueous Colloidal Solutions. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:1640-1648. [PMID: 30972929 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The temperature dependence of the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) makes them an appealing option in bio-sensing applications. Here, we probed the temperature-dependent PL behavior of aqueous glutathione (GSH)-capped Ag-In-S (AIS) NCs and their core/shell AIS/ZnS heterostructures. We show that both core and core-shell materials reveal strong PL quenching upon heating from 10 to 80 °C, which is completely reversible upon cooling. The PL quenching is assigned to the thermally activated dissociation of complexes formed by ligands with the metal cations on the NC surface and the introduction of water into the NC coordination sphere. This unique mechanism of the thermal PL quenching results in a much higher temperature sensitivity of the aqueous colloidal AIS (AIS/ZnS) NCs as compared with previously reported analogs capped by covalently bound ligands. Our results are expected to stimulate further studies on aqueous ternary NCs as colloidal luminescent nano-thermometers applicable for ratiometric temperature sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Stroyuk
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany.,L.V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine
| | - Alexandra Raevskaya
- L.V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine.,Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Felix Spranger
- Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dietrich R T Zahn
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
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10
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Slyusarenko N, Gerasimova M, Plotnikov A, Gaponik N, Slyusareva E. Photoluminescence properties of self-assembled chitosan-based composites containing semiconductor nanocrystals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:4831-4838. [PMID: 30775747 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07051b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The photoluminescence (PL) properties of composites obtained by embedding green-emitting semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) of two different types (thiol-capped CdTe and CdSe/ZnS) into chitosan-based biopolymer particles were investigated. The synthesis of self-assembled particles from oppositely charged polysaccharides involved a preliminary electrostatic binding of positively charged chitosan chains by negatively charged functional groups of NC stabilizing ligands. The amount of NCs and the acidity of the solution were found to be important parameters influencing the PL. The PL properties were mainly discussed in terms of the colloidal stability of the particles and changes in energy gap of NCs. Generally, the obtained biocompatible composites with NCs randomly distributed within a biopolymer particle demonstrated a higher PL resistance to the solution acidity that expands the applicability range of thiol-capped NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Slyusarenko
- Siberian Federal University, Svobodny Prospect 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
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11
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Sonntag L, Eichler F, Weiß N, Bormann L, Ghosh DS, Sonntag JM, Jordan R, Gaponik N, Leo K, Eychmüller A. Influence of the average molar mass of poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) on the dimensions and conductivity of silver nanowires. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:9036-9043. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00680j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Improving the performance of Ag nanowire electrodes by adjusting the reaction conditions and the molar mass of PVP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Sonntag
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
| | - Franziska Eichler
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Nelli Weiß
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Ludwig Bormann
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP), Technische Universität Dresden
- 01187 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Dhriti S. Ghosh
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP), Technische Universität Dresden
- 01187 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Jannick M. Sonntag
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden
- 01069 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Rainer Jordan
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden
- 01069 Dresden
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
| | - Karl Leo
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP), Technische Universität Dresden
- 01187 Dresden
| | - Alexander Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
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12
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Stroyuk O, Raevskaya A, Selyshchev O, Dzhagan V, Gaponik N, Zahn DRT, Eychmüller A. "Green" Aqueous Synthesis and Advanced Spectral Characterization of Size-Selected Cu 2ZnSnS 4 Nanocrystal Inks. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13677. [PMID: 30209288 PMCID: PMC6135749 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Structure, composition, and optical properties of colloidal mercaptoacetate-stabilized Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanocrystal inks produced by a "green" method directly in aqueous solutions were characterized. A size-selective precipitation procedure using 2-propanol as a non-solvent allows separating a series of fractions of CZTS nanocrystals with an average size (bandgap) varying from 3 nm (1.72 eV) to 2 nm (2.04 eV). The size-selected CZTS nanocrystals revealed also phonon confinement, with the main phonon mode frequency varying by about 4 cm-1 between 2 nm and 3 nm NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Stroyuk
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
- L.V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine.
| | - Alexandra Raevskaya
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- L.V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Selyshchev
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Volodymyr Dzhagan
- V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductors Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine
| | | | - Dietrich R T Zahn
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
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13
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Abstract
The paper reviews the state of the art in the synthesis of multinary (ternary, quaternary and more complex) metal chalcogenide nanocrystals (NCs) and their applications as a light absorbing or an auxiliary component of light-harvesting systems. This includes solid-state and liquid-junction solar cells and photocatalytic/photoelectrochemical systems designed for the conversion of solar light into the electric current or the accumulation of solar energy in the form of products of various chemical reactions. The review discusses general aspects of the light absorption and photophysical properties of multinary metal chalcogenide NCs, the modern state of the synthetic strategies applied to produce the multinary metal chalcogenide NCs and related nanoheterostructures, and recent achievements in the metal chalcogenide NC-based solar cells and the photocatalytic/photoelectrochemical systems. The review is concluded by an outlook with a critical discussion of the most promising ways and challenging aspects of further progress in the metal chalcogenide NC-based solar photovoltaics and photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Stroyuk
- L.V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine.
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14
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Cai B, Sayevich V, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A. Emerging Hierarchical Aerogels: Self-Assembly of Metal and Semiconductor Nanocrystals. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1707518. [PMID: 29921028 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aerogels assembled from colloidal metal or semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) feature large surface area, ultralow density, and high porosity, thus rendering them attractive in various applications, such as catalysis, sensors, energy storage, and electronic devices. Morphological and structural modification of the aerogel backbones while maintaining the aerogel properties enables a second stage of the aerogel research, which is defined as hierarchical aerogels. Different from the conventional aerogels with nanowire-like backbones, those hierarchical aerogels are generally comprised of at least two levels of architectures, i.e., an interconnected porous structure on the macroscale and a specially designed configuration at local backbones at the nanoscale. This combination "locks in" the inherent properties of the NCs, so that the beneficial genes obtained by nanoengineering are retained in the resulting monolithic hierarchical aerogels. Herein, groundbreaking advances in the design, synthesis, and physicochemical properties of the hierarchical aerogels are reviewed and organized in three sections: i) pure metallic hierarchical aerogels, ii) semiconductor hierarchical aerogels, and iii) metal/semiconductor hybrid hierarchical aerogels. This report aims to define and demonstrate the concept, potential, and challenges of the hierarchical aerogels, thereby providing a perspective on the further development of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Cai
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED), Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66b, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vladimir Sayevich
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED), Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66b, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED), Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66b, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED), Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66b, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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15
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Sayevich V, Guhrenz C, Gaponik N. All-Inorganic and Hybrid Capping of Nanocrystals as Key to Their Application-Relevant Processing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1557/adv.2018.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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16
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Abstract
Abstract
In this work we present a technique of incorporation of semiconductor CdTe nanocrystals (NCs) into metal oxide matrices prepared by inorganic sol-gel method. As the matrices, we chose alumina and aluminum tin oxide, which are optically transparent in the visible region. Among them the first is electrically insulating, while the second is conductive and thus can be used in optoelectronic devices. We found optimal synthetic parameters allowing us to maintain optical properties of the NCs in both matrices even after heating up to 150°C in air. Therefore, in our approach we overcame a common problem of degradation of the optical properties of semiconductor NCs in oxide matrices as a result of the incorporation and subsequent interaction with the matrix. The resulting materials were characterized in detail from the point of view of their optical and structural properties. Based on the results obtained, we suggest the formation mechanism of these materials. Semiconductor NCs embedded in robust and optically transparent metal oxides offer promising applications in optical switching, optical filtering, waveguides, light emitting diodes, and solar concentrators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Frolova
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstr. 66b , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Tobias Otto
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstr. 66b , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstr. 66b , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Vladimir Lesnyak
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstr. 66b , 01062 Dresden , Germany
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17
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Raevskaya A, Rozovik O, Novikova A, Selyshchev O, Stroyuk O, Dzhagan V, Goryacheva I, Gaponik N, Zahn DRT, Eychmüller A. Luminescence and photoelectrochemical properties of size-selected aqueous copper-doped Ag-In-S quantum dots. RSC Adv 2018; 8:7550-7557. [PMID: 35539102 PMCID: PMC9078464 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00257f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ternary luminescent copper and silver indium sulfide quantum dots (QDs) can be an attractive alternative to cadmium and lead chalcogenide QDs. The optical properties of Cu-In-S and Ag-In-S (AIS) QDs vary over a broad range depending on the QD composition and size. The implementation of ternary QDs as emitters in bio-sensing applications can be boosted by the development of mild and reproducible syntheses directly in aqueous solutions as well as the methods of shifting the photoluminescence (PL) bands of such QDs as far as possible into the near IR spectral range. In the present work, the copper-doping of aqueous non-stoichiometric AIS QDs was found to result in a red shift of the PL band maximum from around 630 nm to ∼780 nm and PL quenching. The deposition of a ZnS shell results in PL intensity recovery with the highest quantum yield of 15%, with almost not change in the PL band position, opposite to the undoped AIS QDs. Size-selective precipitation using 2-propanol as a non-solvent allows discrimination of up to 9 fractions of Cu-doped AIS/ZnS QDs with the average sizes in the fractions varying from around 3 to 2 nm and smaller and with reasonably the same composition irrespective of the QD size. The decrease of the average QD size results in a blue PL shift yielding a series of bright luminophors with the emission color varies from deep-red to bluish-green and the PL efficiency increases from 11% for the first fraction to up to 58% for the smallest Cu-doped AIS/ZnS QDs. The rate constant of the radiative recombination of the size-selected Cu-doped AIS/ZnS QDs revealed a steady growth with the QD size decrease as a result of the size-dependent enhancement of the spatial exciton confinement. The copper doping was found to result in an enhancement of the photoelectrochemical activity of CAIS/ZnS QDs introduced as spectral sensitizers of mesoporous titania photoanodes of liquid-junction solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Raevskaya
- L. V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Oksana Rozovik
- L. V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
| | | | | | - Oleksandr Stroyuk
- L. V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Volodymyr Dzhagan
- V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductors Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
| | | | | | - Dietrich R T Zahn
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology 09107 Chemnitz Germany
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18
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Havryliuk Y, Valakh MY, Dzhagan V, Greshchuk O, Yukhymchuk V, Raevskaya A, Stroyuk O, Selyshchev O, Gaponik N, Zahn DRT. Raman characterization of Cu2ZnSnS4 nanocrystals: phonon confinement effect and formation of CuxS phases. RSC Adv 2018; 8:30736-30746. [PMID: 35548720 PMCID: PMC9085493 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05390a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A Raman spectroscopic study of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanocrystals (NCs) produced by a “green” synthesis in aqueous solutions is reported. Size-selected CZTS NCs reveal phonon confinement that manifests itself in an upward shift of the main phonon peak by about 3–4 cm−1 by varying the NC diameter from 3 to 2 nm. A non-monotonous shift and narrowing of the main peak are attributed to the special shape of the phonon dispersion in this material. Moreover, the method of sample preparation, the nature of the supporting substrate and the photoexcitation regime are found to crucially influence the Raman spectra of the CZTS samples. Particularly, the possible oxidation and hydrolysis of CZTS NCs with the concomitant formation of a Cu–S phase are systematically investigated. The nature of the film support is found to strongly affect the amount of admixture copper sulfide phases with the Cu2−xS/CuS content being the highest for oxidized silicon and glass and notably lower for ITO and even less for gold supports. The effect is assumed to originate from the different hydrophilicity of the supporting surfaces, resulting in a different morphology and surface area of the NC film exposed to the atmosphere, as well as the degree of the NC oxidation/hydrolysis. The amount of copper sulfide increases with the laser power. This effect is interpreted as a result of photochemical/photocatalytic transformations of the CZTS NCs. A Raman spectroscopic study of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanocrystals (NCs) produced by a “green” synthesis in aqueous solutions is reported.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye. Havryliuk
- V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics
- Nat. Acad. of Sci. of Ukraine
- 03028 Kyiv
- Ukraine
| | - M. Ya. Valakh
- V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics
- Nat. Acad. of Sci. of Ukraine
- 03028 Kyiv
- Ukraine
| | - V. Dzhagan
- V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics
- Nat. Acad. of Sci. of Ukraine
- 03028 Kyiv
- Ukraine
| | - O. Greshchuk
- V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics
- Nat. Acad. of Sci. of Ukraine
- 03028 Kyiv
- Ukraine
| | - V. Yukhymchuk
- V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics
- Nat. Acad. of Sci. of Ukraine
- 03028 Kyiv
- Ukraine
| | - A. Raevskaya
- L. V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Nat. Acad. of Sci. of Ukraine
- 03028 Kyiv
- Ukraine
- Physical Chemistry
| | - O. Stroyuk
- L. V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Nat. Acad. of Sci. of Ukraine
- 03028 Kyiv
- Ukraine
- Physical Chemistry
| | - O. Selyshchev
- Semiconductor Physics
- Chemnitz University of Technology
- 09107 Chemnitz
- Germany
| | - N. Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry
- TU Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - D. R. T. Zahn
- Semiconductor Physics
- Chemnitz University of Technology
- 09107 Chemnitz
- Germany
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19
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Franke M, Leubner S, Dubavik A, George A, Savchenko T, Pini C, Frank P, Melnikau D, Rakovich Y, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A, Richter A. Immobilization of pH-sensitive CdTe Quantum Dots in a Poly(acrylate) Hydrogel for Microfluidic Applications. Nanoscale Res Lett 2017; 12:314. [PMID: 28454480 PMCID: PMC5407401 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2069-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices present the basis of modern life sciences and chemical information processing. To control the flow and to allow optical readout, a reliable sensor material that can be easily utilized for microfluidic systems is in demand. Here, we present a new optical readout system for pH sensing based on pH sensitive, photoluminescent glutathione capped cadmium telluride quantum dots that are covalently immobilized in a poly(acrylate) hydrogel. For an applicable pH sensing the generated hybrid material is integrated in a microfluidic sensor chip setup. The hybrid material not only allows in situ readout, but also possesses valve properties due to the swelling behavior of the poly(acrylate) hydrogel. In this work, the swelling property of the hybrid material is utilized in a microfluidic valve seat, where a valve opening process is demonstrated by a fluid flow change and in situ monitored by photoluminescence quenching. This discrete photoluminescence detection (ON/OFF) of the fluid flow change (OFF/ON) enables upcoming chemical information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Franke
- Institute of Semiconductors and Microsystems, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - S Leubner
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Dubavik
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
- ITMO University, 197101 Kronverksky prospect, 49, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - A George
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - T Savchenko
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - C Pini
- Institute of Semiconductors and Microsystems, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - P Frank
- Institute of Semiconductors and Microsystems, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - D Melnikau
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC, CSIS- UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
- CIC nanoGUNE Consolider, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, Donostia San Sebastian, 20018, Spain
| | - Y Rakovich
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC, CSIS- UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Fondation for Science, Alameda Urquijo 365, Bilbao, 48011, Spain
| | - N Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Richter
- Institute of Semiconductors and Microsystems, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
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20
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Guhrenz C, Sayevich V, Weigert F, Hollinger E, Reichhelm A, Resch-Genger U, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A. Transfer of Inorganic-Capped Nanocrystals into Aqueous Media. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:5573-5578. [PMID: 29083902 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report on a novel and simple approach to surface ligand design of CdSe-based nanocrystals (NCs) with biocompatible, heterobifunctional polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules. This method provides high transfer yields of the NCs into aqueous media with preservation of the narrow and symmetric emission bands of the initial organic-capped NCs regardless of their interior crystal structure and surface chemistry. The PEG-functionalized NCs show small sizes, high photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 75%, as well as impressive optical and colloidal stability. This universal approach is applied to different fluorescent nanomaterials (CdSe/CdS, CdSe/CdSCdxZn1-xS, and CdSe/CdS/ZnS), extending the great potential of organic-capped NCs for biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Guhrenz
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Vladimir Sayevich
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Florian Weigert
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing , Division Biophotonics, Richard-Willstätter Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eileen Hollinger
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Annett Reichhelm
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing , Division Biophotonics, Richard-Willstätter Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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21
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Panzer R, Guhrenz C, Haubold D, Hübner R, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A, Weigand JJ. Tri(pyrazolyl)phosphane als Vorstufen für die Synthese von stark emittierenden InP/ZnS-Quantenpunkten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- René Panzer
- TU Dresden; Professur für Anorganische Molekülchemie; 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Chris Guhrenz
- TU Dresden; Professur für Physikalische Chemie; 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Danny Haubold
- TU Dresden; Professur für Physikalische Chemie; 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - René Hübner
- Institut für Ionenstrahlphysik und Materialforschung; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf; Deutschland
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- TU Dresden; Professur für Physikalische Chemie; 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | | | - Jan J. Weigand
- TU Dresden; Professur für Anorganische Molekülchemie; 01062 Dresden Deutschland
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22
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Panzer R, Guhrenz C, Haubold D, Hübner R, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A, Weigand JJ. Versatile Tri(pyrazolyl)phosphanes as Phosphorus Precursors for the Synthesis of Highly Emitting InP/ZnS Quantum Dots. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:14737-14742. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- René Panzer
- TU Dresden; Professur für Anorganische Molekülchemie; 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Chris Guhrenz
- TU Dresden; Professur für Physikalische Chemie; 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Danny Haubold
- TU Dresden; Professur für Physikalische Chemie; 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - René Hübner
- Institut für Ionenstrahlphysik und Materialforschung; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresen-Rossendorf; 01328 Dresden Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- TU Dresden; Professur für Physikalische Chemie; 01062 Dresden Germany
| | | | - Jan J. Weigand
- TU Dresden; Professur für Anorganische Molekülchemie; 01062 Dresden Germany
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Ziegler
- Physical Chemistry; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Deutschland
- LUMINOUS! Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 639798 Singapur
| | - André Wolf
- Physical Chemistry; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Wei Liu
- Physical Chemistry; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Anne-Kristin Herrmann
- Physical Chemistry; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Alexander Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Deutschland
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24
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Raevskaya AE, Rozovik OP, Kozytskiy AV, Stroyuk OL, Gaponik N. Photoelectrochemical Properties of Nanoheterostructures Based on Titanium Dioxide and Ag-In-S Quantum Dots Produced by Size-Selective Precipitation. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11237-017-9522-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Ziegler
- Physical Chemistry; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
- Present address: LUMINOUS! Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - André Wolf
- Physical Chemistry; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Wei Liu
- Physical Chemistry; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Anne-Kristin Herrmann
- Physical Chemistry; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Alexander Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
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26
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Sayevich V, Guhrenz C, Dzhagan VM, Sin M, Werheid M, Cai B, Borchardt L, Widmer J, Zahn DRT, Brunner E, Lesnyak V, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A. Hybrid N-Butylamine-Based Ligands for Switching the Colloidal Solubility and Regimentation of Inorganic-Capped Nanocrystals. ACS Nano 2017; 11:1559-1571. [PMID: 28052188 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b06996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We report on a simple and effective technique of tuning the colloidal solubility of inorganic-capped CdSe and CdSe/CdS core/shell nanocrystals (NCs) from highly polar to nonpolar media using n-butylamine molecules. The introduction of the short and volatile organic amine mainly results in a modification of the labile diffusion region of the inorganic-capped NCs, enabling a significant extension of their dispersibility and improving the ability to form long-range assemblies. Moreover, the hybrid n-butylamine/inorganic capping can be thermally decomposed under mild heat treatment, making this approach of surface functionalization well-compatible with a low-temperature, solution-processed device fabrication. Particularly, a field-effect transistor-based on n-butylamine/Ga-I-complex-capped 4.5 nm CdSe NC solids shows excellent transport characteristics with electron mobilities up to 2 cm2/(V·s) and a high current modulation value (>104) at a low operation voltage (<2 V).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Sayevich
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED), TU Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Chris Guhrenz
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED), TU Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | | | - Maria Sin
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Bioanalytical Chemistry, TU Dresden , Bergstr. 66, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Matthias Werheid
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED), TU Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Bin Cai
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED), TU Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Lars Borchardt
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, TU Dresden , Bergstr. 66, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Johannes Widmer
- Institut für Angewandte Photophysik, TU Dresden , George-Bähr-Str. 1, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | | | - Eike Brunner
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Bioanalytical Chemistry, TU Dresden , Bergstr. 66, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Vladimir Lesnyak
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED), TU Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED), TU Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Alexander Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED), TU Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, Dresden 01062, Germany
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27
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Vokhmintcev KV, Guhrenz C, Gaponik N, Nabiev I, Samokhvalov PS. Quenching of quantum dots luminescence under light irradiation and its influence on the biological application. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/784/1/012014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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28
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Oezaslan M, Herrmann AK, Werheid M, Frenkel AI, Nachtegaal M, Dosche C, Laugier Bonnaud C, Yilmaz HC, Kühn L, Rhiel E, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A, Schmidt TJ. Structural Analysis and Electrochemical Properties of Bimetallic Palladium-Platinum Aerogels Prepared by a Two-Step Gelation Process. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Oezaslan
- Paul Scherrer Institut; CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
- Physical Chemistry; Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg; 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | | | | | - Anatoly I. Frenkel
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Stony Brook University; Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | | | - Carsten Dosche
- Physical Chemistry; Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg; 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Céline Laugier Bonnaud
- Paul Scherrer Institut; CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
- Present address: AlpesLaboratoire O'Electrochimie et de Physico-chimie des Matériaux et des Interfaces; University of Grenoble; 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Hale Ceren Yilmaz
- Paul Scherrer Institut; CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
- Present address: Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; ETH Zurich; 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Laura Kühn
- Physical Chemistry; TU Dresden; 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Erhard Rhiel
- Light and Electron Microscopy Service Unit of the School of Mathematics and Science; Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg; 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | | | | | - Thomas Justus Schmidt
- Paul Scherrer Institut; CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry; ETH Zurich; 8093 Zurich Switzerland
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29
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Guhrenz C, Wolf A, Adam M, Sonntag L, Voitekhovich SV, Kaskel S, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A. Tetrazole-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles for Catalytic Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2016-0879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Herein, we report on a proof-of-concept application of tetrazole-stabilized Au nanoparticles (NPs) for CO oxidation. After impregnation of the support material TiO2 with the tetrazole-stabilized Au NPs (diameter<5 nm), a thermal heat treatment under oxygen is used to remove the tetrazole from the NP surface. The resulting surfactant-free NPs are used in the CO oxidation and show enhanced catalytic activity in comparison to the untreated samples demonstrating the potential of tetrazole-stabilized NPs for various catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Guhrenz
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - André Wolf
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marion Adam
- Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Luisa Sonntag
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED), Technische Universität Dresden, Würzburger Straße 46, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sergei V. Voitekhovich
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems, Belarusian State University, Leningradskaya 14, 220050 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Stefan Kaskel
- Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED), Technische Universität Dresden, Würzburger Straße 46, 01187 Dresden, Germany
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30
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Adam M, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A, Erdem T, Soran-Erdem Z, Demir HV. Colloidal Nanocrystals Embedded in Macrocrystals: Methods and Applications. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:4117-4123. [PMID: 27687584 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals have gained substantial interest as spectrally tunable and bright fluorophores for color conversion and enrichment solids. However, they suffer from limitations in processing their solutions as well as efficiency degradation in solid films. As a remedy, embedding them into crystalline host matrixes has stepped forward for superior photostability, thermal stability, and chemical durability while simultaneously sustaining high quantum yields. Here, we review three basic methods for loading the macrocrystals with nanocrystals, namely relatively slow direct embedding, as well as accelerated methods of vacuum-assisted and liquid-liquid diffusion-assisted crystallization. We discuss photophysical properties of the resulting composites and present their application in light-emitting diodes as well as their utilization for plasmonics and excitonics. Finally, we present a future outlook for the science and technology of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Adam
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden , Bergstraße 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden , Bergstraße 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Talha Erdem
- Departments of Physics and Electrical and Electronics Engineering and the UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University , 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeliha Soran-Erdem
- Departments of Physics and Electrical and Electronics Engineering and the UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University , 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hilmi Volkan Demir
- Departments of Physics and Electrical and Electronics Engineering and the UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University , 06800 Ankara, Turkey
- LUMINOUS! Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, and School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798, Singapore
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31
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Karabudak E, Brookes E, Lesnyak V, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A, Walter J, Segets D, Peukert W, Wohlleben W, Demeler B, Cölfen H. Simultaneous Identification of Spectral Properties and Sizes of Multiple Particles in Solution with Subnanometer Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:11770-4. [PMID: 27461742 PMCID: PMC5148131 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report an unsurpassed solution characterization technique based on analytical ultracentrifugation, which demonstrates exceptional potential for resolving particle sizes in solution with sub-nm resolution. We achieve this improvement in resolution by simultaneously measuring UV/Vis spectra while hydrodynamically separating individual components in the mixture. By equipping an analytical ultracentrifuge with a novel multi-wavelength detector, we are adding a new spectral discovery dimension to traditional hydrodynamic characterization, and amplify the information obtained by orders of magnitude. We demonstrate the power of this technique by characterizing unpurified CdTe nanoparticle samples, avoiding tedious and often impossible purification and fractionation of nanoparticles into apparently monodisperse fractions. With this approach, we have for the first time identified the pure spectral properties and band-gap positions of discrete species present in the CdTe mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engin Karabudak
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenforschung, Kolloidchemie, Forschungscampus Golm, Am Mühlenberg, 14424, Potsdam, Germany
- Izmir Institute of Technology, Chemistry Department, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Emre Brookes
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3901, USA
| | - Vladimir Lesnyak
- Physikalische Chemie, TU Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physikalische Chemie, TU Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Walter
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstrasse 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstrasse 9a, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Doris Segets
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstrasse 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstrasse 9a, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstrasse 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstrasse 9a, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Borries Demeler
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3901, USA.
| | - Helmut Cölfen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenforschung, Kolloidchemie, Forschungscampus Golm, Am Mühlenberg, 14424, Potsdam, Germany.
- Universität Konstanz, Physikalische Chemie, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany.
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32
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Karabudak E, Brookes E, Lesnyak V, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A, Walter J, Segets D, Peukert W, Wohlleben W, Demeler B, Cölfen H. Simultane Bestimmung spektraler Eigenschaften und Größen von multiplen Partikeln in Lösung mit Subnanometer‐Auflösung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Engin Karabudak
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenforschung, Kolloidchemie, Forschungscampus Golm Am Mühlenberg 14424 Potsdam Deutschland
- Izmir Institute of Technology, Chemistry Department 35430 Izmir Türkei
| | - Emre Brookes
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 7703 Floyd Curl Drive San Antonio TX 78229-3901 USA
| | - Vladimir Lesnyak
- Physikalische Chemie, TU Dresden Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physikalische Chemie, TU Dresden Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | | | - Johannes Walter
- Lehrstuhl für Feststoff- und Grenzflächenverfahrenstechnik (LFG) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Funktionale Partikelsysteme (FPS) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Haberstr. 9a 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Doris Segets
- Lehrstuhl für Feststoff- und Grenzflächenverfahrenstechnik (LFG) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Funktionale Partikelsysteme (FPS) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Haberstr. 9a 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Wolfgang Peukert
- Lehrstuhl für Feststoff- und Grenzflächenverfahrenstechnik (LFG) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Funktionale Partikelsysteme (FPS) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Haberstr. 9a 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | | | - Borries Demeler
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 7703 Floyd Curl Drive San Antonio TX 78229-3901 USA
| | - Helmut Cölfen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenforschung, Kolloidchemie, Forschungscampus Golm Am Mühlenberg 14424 Potsdam Deutschland
- Universität Konstanz, Physikalische Chemie Universitätsstraße 10 78457 Konstanz Deutschland
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33
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Weichelt R, Leubner S, Henning-Knechtel A, Mertig M, Gaponik N, Schmidt TL, Eychmüller A. Methods to Characterize the Oligonucleotide Functionalization of Quantum Dots. Small 2016; 12:4763-4771. [PMID: 27409730 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201601525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently, DNA nanotechnology offers the most programmable, scalable, and accurate route for the self-assembly of matter with nanometer precision into 1, 2, or 3D structures. One example is DNA origami that is well suited to serve as a molecularly defined "breadboard", and thus, to organize various nanomaterials such as nanoparticles into hybrid systems. Since the controlled assembly of quantum dots (QDs) is of high interest in the field of photonics and other optoelectronic applications, a more detailed view on the functionalization of QDs with oligonucleotides shall be achieved. In this work, four different methods are presented to characterize the functionalization of thiol-capped cadmium telluride QDs with oligonucleotides and for the precise quantification of the number of oligonucleotides bound to the QD surface. This study enables applications requiring the self-assembly of semiconductor-oligonucleotide hybrid materials and proves the conjugation success in a simple and straightforward manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Weichelt
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Leubner
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Henning-Knechtel
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Mertig
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Kurt-Schwabe-Institute e.V. Meinsberg, Kurt-Schwabe-Str. 4, 04736, Waldheim, Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thorsten-Lars Schmidt
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
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34
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Benad A, Guhrenz C, Bauer C, Eichler F, Adam M, Ziegler C, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A. Cold Flow as Versatile Approach for Stable and Highly Luminescent Quantum Dot-Salt Composites. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:21570-5. [PMID: 27482755 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b06452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Since the beginning of the 1980s, colloidally synthesized quantum dots (QDs) have been in the focus of interest due to their possible implementation for color conversion, luminescent light concentrators, and lasing. For all these applications, the QDs benefit from being embedded into a host matrix to ensure stability and usability. Many different host materials used for this purpose still have their individual shortcomings. Here, we present a universal, fast, and flexible approach for the direct incorporation of a wide range of QDs into inorganic ionic crystals using cold flow. The QD solution is mixed with a finely milled salt, followed by the removal of the solvent under vacuum. Under high pressure (GPa), the salt powder loaded with QDs transforms into transparent pellets. This effect is well-known for many inorganic salts (e.g., KCl, KBr, KI, NaCl, CsI, AgCl) from, e.g., sample preparation for IR spectroscopy. With this approach, we are able to obtain strongly luminescent QD-salt composites, have precise control over the loading, and provide a chemically robust matrix ensuring long-term stability of the embedded QDs. Furthermore, we show the photo-, chemical, and thermal stability of the composite materials and their use as color conversion layers for a white light-emitting diode (w-LED). The method presented can potentially be used for all kinds of nanoparticles synthesized in organic as well as in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albrecht Benad
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Chris Guhrenz
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christoph Bauer
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Eichler
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marcus Adam
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christoph Ziegler
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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Voitekhovich SV, Wolf A, Guhrenz C, Lyakhov AS, Ivashkevich LS, Adam M, Gaponik N, Kaskel S, Eychmüller A. 5-(2-Mercaptoethyl)-1H-tetrazole: Facile Synthesis and Application for the Preparation of Water Soluble Nanocrystals and Their Gels. Chemistry 2016; 22:14746-52. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergei V. Voitekhovich
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems; Belarusian State University; Leningradskaya 14 Minsk 220006 Belarus
| | - André Wolf
- Physical Chemistry; TU Dresden; Bergstr. 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Chris Guhrenz
- Physical Chemistry; TU Dresden; Bergstr. 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Alexander S. Lyakhov
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems; Belarusian State University; Leningradskaya 14 Minsk 220006 Belarus
| | - Ludmila S. Ivashkevich
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems; Belarusian State University; Leningradskaya 14 Minsk 220006 Belarus
| | - Marion Adam
- Inorganic Chemistry; TU Dresden; Bergstr. 66 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry; TU Dresden; Bergstr. 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Stefan Kaskel
- Inorganic Chemistry; TU Dresden; Bergstr. 66 01062 Dresden Germany
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Oezaslan M, Liu W, Nachtegaal M, Frenkel AI, Rutkowski B, Werheid M, Herrmann AK, Laugier-Bonnaud C, Yilmaz HC, Gaponik N, Czyrska-Filemonowicz A, Eychmüller A, Schmidt TJ. Homogeneity and elemental distribution in self-assembled bimetallic Pd-Pt aerogels prepared by a spontaneous one-step gelation process. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:20640-50. [PMID: 27411594 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03527b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Multi-metallic aerogels have recently emerged as a novel and promising class of unsupported electrocatalyst materials due to their high catalytic activity and improved durability for various electrochemical reactions. Aerogels can be prepared by a spontaneous one-step gelation process, where the chemical co-reduction of metal precursors and the prompt formation of nanochain-containing hydrogels, as a preliminary stage for the preparation of aerogels, take place. However, detailed knowledge about the homogeneity and chemical distribution of these three-dimensional Pd-Pt aerogels at the nano-scale as well as at the macro-scale is still unclear. Therefore, we used a combination of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques to obtain a better insight into the structure and elemental distribution of the various Pd-rich Pd-Pt aerogels prepared by the spontaneous one-step gelation process. Synchrotron-based extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy and high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) in combination with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were employed in this work to uncover the structural architecture and chemical composition of the various Pd-rich Pd-Pt aerogels over a broad length range. The Pd80Pt20, Pd60Pt40 and Pd50Pt50 aerogels showed heterogeneity in the chemical distribution of the Pt and Pd atoms inside the macroscopic nanochain-network. The features of mono-metallic clusters were not detected by EXAFS or STEM-EDX, indicating alloyed nanoparticles. However, the local chemical composition of the Pd-Pt alloys strongly varied along the nanochains and thus within a single aerogel. To determine the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of the Pd-Pt aerogels for application in electrocatalysis, we used the electrochemical CO stripping method. Due to their high porosity and extended network structure, the resulting values of the ECSA for the Pd-Pt aerogels were higher than that for a commercially available unsupported Pt black catalyst. We show that the Pd-Pt aerogels possess a high utilization of catalytically active centers for electrocatalytic applications based on the nanostructured bimetallic framework. Knowledge about the homogeneity and chemical distribution of the bimetallic aerogels can help to further optimize their preparation by the spontaneous one-step gelation process and to tune their electrocatalytic reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Oezaslan
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland. and Physical Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - W Liu
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Nachtegaal
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
| | - A I Frenkel
- Department of Physics, Yeshiva University, 245 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - B Rutkowski
- International Centre of Electron Microscopy for Material Science and Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - M Werheid
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - A-K Herrmann
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - H-C Yilmaz
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
| | - N Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - A Czyrska-Filemonowicz
- International Centre of Electron Microscopy for Material Science and Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - A Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - T J Schmidt
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland. and Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Kühn L, Herrmann AK, Rutkowski B, Oezaslan M, Nachtegaal M, Klose M, Giebeler L, Gaponik N, Eckert J, Schmidt TJ, Czyrska-Filemonowicz A, Eychmüller A. Alloying Behavior of Self-Assembled Noble Metal Nanoparticles. Chemistry 2016; 22:13446-50. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kühn
- Physical Chemistry; TU Dresden; Bergstr. 66b 01069 Dresden Germany
| | | | - Bogdan Rutkowski
- International Centre of Electron Microscopy for Material Science and Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science; AGH University of Science and Technology Krakow; Al. Adama Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Krakow Poland
| | - Mehtap Oezaslan
- Paul Scherrer Institute; 5232 Villigen Switzerland
- Institute of Chemistry; Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg; Carl-von-Ossietzky Str. 9-11 26111 Oldenburg Germany
| | | | - Markus Klose
- Institute for Complex Materials; IFW Dresden; PO 27 01 16 01171 Dresden Germany
| | - Lars Giebeler
- Institute for Complex Materials; IFW Dresden; PO 27 01 16 01171 Dresden Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry; TU Dresden; Bergstr. 66b 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Jürgen Eckert
- Institute for Complex Materials; IFW Dresden; PO 27 01 16 01171 Dresden Germany
- Institute of Materials Science; TU Dresden; Helmholtzstrasse 7 01069 Dresden Germany
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science; Austrian Academy of Sciences and Department Materials Physics; Montanuniversität Leoben; Jahnstrasse 12 8700 Leoben Austria
| | - Thomas J. Schmidt
- Paul Scherrer Institute; 5232 Villigen Switzerland
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Aleksandra Czyrska-Filemonowicz
- International Centre of Electron Microscopy for Material Science and Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science; AGH University of Science and Technology Krakow; Al. Adama Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Krakow Poland
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38
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Sayevich V, Cai B, Benad A, Haubold D, Sonntag L, Gaponik N, Lesnyak V, Eychmüller A. 3D Assembly of All-Inorganic Colloidal Nanocrystals into Gels and Aerogels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:6334-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Sayevich
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Bin Cai
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Albrecht Benad
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Danny Haubold
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Luisa Sonntag
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Vladimir Lesnyak
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Alexander Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
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39
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Sayevich V, Cai B, Benad A, Haubold D, Sonntag L, Gaponik N, Lesnyak V, Eychmüller A. 3D-Anordnung anorganischer kolloidaler Nanokristalle zu Gelen und Aerogelen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Sayevich
- Physikalische Chemie und Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Bin Cai
- Physikalische Chemie und Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Albrecht Benad
- Physikalische Chemie und Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Danny Haubold
- Physikalische Chemie und Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Luisa Sonntag
- Physikalische Chemie und Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physikalische Chemie und Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Vladimir Lesnyak
- Physikalische Chemie und Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Alexander Eychmüller
- Physikalische Chemie und Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfAED); TU Dresden; Bergstraße 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
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40
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Akhavan S, Uran C, Bozok B, Gungor K, Kelestemur Y, Lesnyak V, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A, Demir HV. Flexible and fragmentable tandem photosensitive nanocrystal skins. Nanoscale 2016; 8:4495-4503. [PMID: 26498487 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05063d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We proposed and demonstrated the first account of large-area, semi-transparent, tandem photosensitive nanocrystal skins (PNSs) constructed on flexible substrates operating on the principle of photogenerated potential buildup, which avoid the need for applying an external bias and circumvent the current-matching limitation between junctions. We successfully fabricated and operated the tandem PNSs composed of single monolayers of colloidal water-soluble CdTe and CdHgTe nanocrystals (NCs) in adjacent junctions on a Kapton polymer tape. Owing to the usage of a single NC layer in each junction, noise generation was significantly reduced while keeping the resulting PNS films considerably transparent. In each junction, photogenerated excitons are dissociated at the interface of the semi-transparent Al electrode and the NC layer, with holes migrating to the contact electrode and electrons trapped in the NCs. As a result, the tandem PNSs lead to an open-circuit photovoltage buildup equal to the sum of those of the two single junctions, exhibiting a total voltage buildup of 128.4 mV at an excitation intensity of 75.8 μW cm(-2) at 350 nm. Furthermore, we showed that these flexible PNSs could be bent over 3.5 mm radius of curvature and cut out in arbitrary shapes without damaging the operation of individual parts and without introducing any significant loss in the total sensitivity. These findings indicate that the NC skins are promising as building blocks to make low-cost, flexible, large-area UV/visible sensing platforms with highly efficient full-spectrum conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Akhavan
- UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, and Department of Physics, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - C Uran
- UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, and Department of Physics, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - B Bozok
- UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, and Department of Physics, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - K Gungor
- UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, and Department of Physics, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Y Kelestemur
- UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, and Department of Physics, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - V Lesnyak
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany and Department of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | - N Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - A Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - H V Demir
- UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, and Department of Physics, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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41
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Erdem T, Soran-Erdem Z, Kelestemur Y, Gaponik N, Demir HV. Excitonic improvement of colloidal nanocrystals in salt powder matrix for quality lighting and color enrichment. Opt Express 2016; 24:A74-A84. [PMID: 26832600 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.000a74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Here we report excitonic improvement in color-converting colloidal nanocrystal powders enabled by co-integrating nonpolar green- and red-emitting nanocrystal energy transfer pairs into a single LiCl salt matrix. This leads to nonradiative energy transfer (NRET) between the co-integrated nanocrystals in the host matrix. Here we systematically studied the resulting NRET process by varying donor and acceptor concentrations in the powders. We observed that NRET is a strong function of both of the nanocrystal concentrations and that NRET efficiency increases with increasing acceptor concentration. Nevertheless, with increasing donor concentration in the powders, NRET efficiency was found to first increase (up to a maximum level of 53.9%) but then to decrease. As a device demonstrator, we employed these NRET-improved nanocrystal powders as color-converters on blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs), with the resulting hybrid LED exhibiting a luminous efficiency >70 lm/W(elect). The proposed excitonic nanocrystal powders potentially hold great promise for quality lighting and color enrichment applications.
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42
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Melnikau D, Savateeva D, Gaponik N, Govorov AO, Rakovich YP. Chiroptical activity in colloidal quantum dots coated with achiral ligands. Opt Express 2016; 24:A65-A73. [PMID: 26832599 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.000a65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We studied the chiroptical properties of colloidal solution of CdSe and CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) with a cubic lattice structure which were initially prepared without use of any chiral molecules and coated with achiral ligands. We demonstrate circular dichroism (CD) activity around first and second excitonic transition of these CdSe based nanocrystals. We consider that this chiroptical activity is caused by imbalance in racemic mixtures of QDs between the left and right handed nanoparticles, which appears as a result of the formation of various defects or incorporation of impurities into crystallographic structure during their synthesis. We demonstrate that optical activity of colloidal solution of CdSe QDs with achiral ligands weakly depends on the QDs size and number of ZnS monolayers, but does not depend on the nature of achiral ligands or polarity of the solution.
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43
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Schneider R, Weigert F, Lesnyak V, Leubner S, Lorenz T, Behnke T, Dubavik A, Joswig JO, Resch-Genger U, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A. pH and concentration dependence of the optical properties of thiol-capped CdTe nanocrystals in water and D2O. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:19083-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03123d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The optical properties of semiconductor nanocrystals (SC NCs) are largely controlled by their size and surface chemistry, i.e., the chemical nature and number of surface ligands as well as the strength of the particle-ligand bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Schneider
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM)
- 12489 Berlin
- Germany
- Institute of Chemistry
- University Potsdam
| | - F. Weigert
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM)
- 12489 Berlin
- Germany
| | - V. Lesnyak
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden
- TU Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - S. Leubner
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden
- TU Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - T. Lorenz
- Theoretical Chemistry
- TU Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - T. Behnke
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM)
- 12489 Berlin
- Germany
| | - A. Dubavik
- ITMO University
- 197101 Saint Petersburg
- Russia
| | - J.-O. Joswig
- Theoretical Chemistry
- TU Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - U. Resch-Genger
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM)
- 12489 Berlin
- Germany
| | - N. Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden
- TU Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - A. Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden
- TU Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
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Osipovich NP, Poznyak SK, Lesnyak V, Gaponik N. Cyclic voltammetry as a sensitive method for in situ probing of chemical transformations in quantum dots. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:10355-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01085g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic voltammetry revealed processes responsible for the pH effect on the chemical stability of aqueous thiol-capped CdTe quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai P. Osipovich
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems
- Belarusian State University
- 220030 Minsk
- Belarus
| | - Sergei K. Poznyak
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems
- Belarusian State University
- 220030 Minsk
- Belarus
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45
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Ingole PP, Lesnyak V, Tatikondewar L, Leubner S, Gaponik N, Kshirsagar A, Eychmüller A. Probing Absolute Electronic Energy Levels in Hg-Doped CdTe Semiconductor Nanocrystals by Electrochemistry and Density Functional Theory. Chemphyschem 2015; 17:244-52. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201501026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pravin P. Ingole
- Physical Chemistry/Electrochemistry; TU Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
- Department of Chemistry; IIT Delhi; New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Vladimir Lesnyak
- Physical Chemistry/Electrochemistry; TU Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | | | - Susanne Leubner
- Physical Chemistry/Electrochemistry; TU Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry/Electrochemistry; TU Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Anjali Kshirsagar
- Department of Physics; Savitribai Phule Pune University; Pune 411007 India
| | - Alexander Eychmüller
- Physical Chemistry/Electrochemistry; TU Dresden; Bergstrasse 66b 01062 Dresden Germany
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Voitekhovich SV, Lesnyak V, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A. Tetrazoles: Unique Capping Ligands and Precursors for Nanostructured Materials. Small 2015; 11:5728-5739. [PMID: 26395565 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201501630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Capping agents play an important role in the colloidal synthesis of nanomaterials because they control the nucleation and growth of particles, as well as their chemical and colloidal stability. During recent years tetrazole derivatives have proven to be advanced capping ligands for the stabilization of semiconductor and metal nanoparticles. Tetrazole-capped nanoparticles can be prepared by solution-phase or solventless single precursor approaches using metal derivatives of tetrazoles. The solventless thermolysis of metal tetrazolates can produce both individual semiconductor nanocrystals and nanostructured metal monolithic foams displaying low densities and high surface areas. Alternatively, highly porous nanoparticle 3D assemblies are achieved through the controllable aggregation of tetrazole-capped particles in solutions. This approach allows for the preparation of non-ordered hybrid structures consisting of different building blocks, such as mixed semiconductor and metal nanoparticle-based (aero)gels with tunable compositions. Another unique property of tetrazoles is their complete thermal decomposition, forming only gaseous products, which is employed in the fabrication of organic-free semiconductor films from tetrazole-capped nanoparticles. After deposition and subsequent thermal treatment these films exhibit significantly improved electrical transport. The synthetic availability and advances in the functionalization of tetrazoles necessitate further design and study of tetrazole-capped nanoparticles for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei V Voitekhovich
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University, Leningradskaya 14, 220030, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Vladimir Lesnyak
- Department of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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47
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Erdem T, Soran-Erdem Z, Sharma VK, Kelestemur Y, Adam M, Gaponik N, Demir HV. Stable and efficient colour enrichment powders of nonpolar nanocrystals in LiCl. Nanoscale 2015; 7:17611-17616. [PMID: 26238664 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02696b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we propose and develop the inorganic salt encapsulation of semiconductor nanocrystal (NC) dispersion in a nonpolar phase to make a highly stable and highly efficient colour converting powder for colour enrichment in light-emitting diode backlighting. Here the wrapping of the as-synthesized green-emitting CdSe/CdZnSeS/ZnS nanocrystals into a salt matrix without ligand exchange is uniquely enabled by using a LiCl ionic host dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF), which simultaneously disperses these nonpolar nanocrystals. We studied the emission stability of the solid films prepared using NCs with and without LiCl encapsulation on blue LEDs driven at high current levels. The encapsulated NC powder in epoxy preserved 95.5% of the initial emission intensity and stabilized at this level while the emission intensity of NCs without salt encapsulation continuously decreased to 34.7% of its initial value after 96 h of operation. In addition, we investigated the effect of ionic salt encapsulation on the quantum efficiency of nonpolar NCs and found the quantum efficiency of the NCs-in-LiCl to be 75.1% while that of the NCs in dispersion was 73.0% and that in a film without LiCl encapsulation was 67.9%. We believe that such ionic salt encapsulated powders of nonpolar NCs presented here will find ubiquitous use for colour enrichment in display backlighting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talha Erdem
- Departments of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center, and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, 06800, Turkey.
| | - Zeliha Soran-Erdem
- Departments of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center, and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, 06800, Turkey.
| | - Vijay Kumar Sharma
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yusuf Kelestemur
- Departments of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center, and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, 06800, Turkey.
| | - Marcus Adam
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hilmi Volkan Demir
- Departments of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center, and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, 06800, Turkey. and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
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Adam M, Erdem T, Stachowski GM, Soran-Erdem Z, Lox JFL, Bauer C, Poppe J, Demir HV, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A. Implementation of High-Quality Warm-White Light-Emitting Diodes by a Model-Experimental Feedback Approach Using Quantum Dot-Salt Mixed Crystals. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:23364-71. [PMID: 26437890 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a model-experimental feedback approach is developed and applied to fabricate high-quality, warm-white light-emitting diodes based on quantum dots (QDs) as color-conversion materials. Owing to their unique chemical and physical properties, QDs offer huge potential for lighting applications. Nevertheless, both emission stability and processability of the QDs are limited upon usage from solution. Incorporating them into a solid ionic matrix overcomes both of these drawbacks, while preserving the initial optical properties. Here borax (Na2B4O7·10H2O) is used as a host matrix because of its lower solubility and thereby reduced ionic strength in water in comparison with NaCl. This guarantees the stability of high-quality CdSe/ZnS QDs in the aqueous phase during crystallization and results in a 3.4 times higher loading amount of QDs within the borax crystals compared to NaCl. All steps from the synthesis via mixed crystal preparation to the warm-white LED preparation are verified by applying the model-experimental feedback, in which experimental data and numerical results provide feedback to each other recursively. These measures are taken to ensure a high luminous efficacy of optical radiation (LER) and a high color rendering index (CRI) of the final device as well as a correlated color temperature (CCT) comparable to an incandescent bulb. By doing so, a warm-white LED with a LER of 341 lm/Wopt, a CCT of 2720 K and a CRI of 91.1 is produced. Finally, we show that the emission stability of the QDs within the borax crystals on LEDs driven at high currents is significantly improved. These findings indicate that the proposed warm-white light-emitting diodes based on QDs-in-borax hold great promise for quality lighting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Adam
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Talha Erdem
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Department of Physics, and UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University , TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Zeliha Soran-Erdem
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Department of Physics, and UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University , TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Josephine F L Lox
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christoph Bauer
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan Poppe
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hilmi Volkan Demir
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Department of Physics, and UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University , TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey
- LUMINOUS! Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden , Bergstr. 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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49
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Rengers C, Voitekhovich SV, Kittler S, Wolf A, Adam M, Gaponik N, Kaskel S, Eychmüller A. 3D assembly of silica encapsulated semiconductor nanocrystals. Nanoscale 2015; 7:12713-12721. [PMID: 26154738 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr01880c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Non-ordered porous networks, so-called aerogels, can be achieved by the 3D assembly of quantum dots (QDs). These materials are well suited for photonic applications, however a certain quenching of the photoluminescence (PL) intensity is observed in these structures. This PL quenching is mainly attributed to the energy transfer mechanisms that result from the close contact of the nanoparticles in the network. Here, we demonstrate the formation of a novel aerogel material with non-quenching PL behaviour by non-classical, reversible gel formation from tetrazole capped silica encapsulated QDs. Monitoring of the gelation/degelation by optical spectroscopy showed that the optical properties of the nanocrystals could be preserved in the 3D network since no spectral shifts and lifetime shortening, which can be attributed to the coupling between QDs, are observed in the gels as compared to the original colloidal solutions. In comparison with other QD-silica monoliths, QDs in our gels are homogeneously distributed with a distinct and controllable distance. In addition we show that the silica shell is porous and allows metal ions to pass through the shell and interact with the QD core causing detectable changes of the emission properties. We further show the applicability of this gelation method to other QD materials which sets the stage for facile preparation of a variety of mixed gel structures.
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50
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Soran-Erdem Z, Erdem T, Hernandez-Martinez PL, Akgul MZ, Gaponik N, Demir HV. Macrocrystals of Colloidal Quantum Dots in Anthracene: Exciton Transfer and Polarized Emission. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:1767-1772. [PMID: 26263347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, centimeter-scale macrocrystals of nonpolar colloidal quantum dots (QDs) incorporated into anthracene were grown for the first time. The exciton transfer from the anthracene host to acceptor QDs was systematically investigated, and anisotropic emission from the isotropic QDs in the anthracene macrocrystals was discovered. Results showed a decreasing photoluminescence lifetime of the donor anthracene, indicating a strengthening energy transfer with increasing QD concentration in the macrocrystals. With the anisotropy study, QDs inside the anthracene host acquired a polarization ratio of ~1.5 at 0° collection angle, and this increases to ~2.5 at the collection angle of 60°. A proof-of-concept application of these excitonic macrocrystals as tunable color converters on light-emitting diodes was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeliha Soran-Erdem
- †Departments of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Talha Erdem
- †Departments of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Pedro Ludwig Hernandez-Martinez
- ‡School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Mehmet Zafer Akgul
- †Departments of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- §Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hilmi Volkan Demir
- †Departments of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- ‡School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
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