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Mohan N, Dalip D, Jaggernauth S. Organizing Pneumonia as a Pulmonary Sequela of Post-COVID-19 Syndrome in a Patient in Trinidad: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e50148. [PMID: 38186464 PMCID: PMC10771580 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) is a form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia that commonly presents with exertional dyspnea. The mainstay diagnostic criterion is with histopathological confirmation alongside excluding secondary causes of interstitial lung disease. The COVID-19 pandemic left many mysteries regarding the long-term sequelae of this disease. We explore a case of post-COVID-19 syndrome organizing pneumonia (PCOP) in a patient presenting with new-onset respiratory symptoms seven weeks after recovery from COVID-19 infection. Upon further review of the literature, there were no published case reports on PCOP in Trinidad and Tobago. We describe a case of PCOP presented at Apley Medical Clinic, Trinidad, and Tobago, West Indies, with the aim of increasing awareness of this condition to allow for early identification and effective management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishtha Mohan
- Internal Medicine, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, TTO
| | - Dominic Dalip
- Internal Medicine, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, GBR
| | - Shiva Jaggernauth
- Respiratory Medicine, Apley Medical Clinic, San Fernando, TTO
- Pulmonary Medicine, Southern Medical Clinic, San Fernando, TTO
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Mohan N, Dalip D, Jaggernauth S. Management of Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in a Patient in Trinidad: A Case Report. Cureus 2022; 14:e29699. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Mohan N, Dalip D, Rampersad FS, Jaggernauth S. Paclitaxel-Induced Pneumonitis in Trinidad: A Case Report. Cureus 2022; 14:e26613. [PMID: 35949737 PMCID: PMC9357421 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel-induced pneumonitis (PIP) is an immune-mediated disease resulting from a delayed hypersensitivity reaction (type IV) to paclitaxel, an anti-microtubule chemotherapeutic drug commonly used to treat breast cancer in both neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings. PIP is diagnosed by exclusion utilizing laboratory work-up, imaging, biopsy studies, and results of antibiotic therapy because there is no single diagnostic test. Ground-glass opacifications on CT, coupled with minimal restrictive disturbance with decreased diffusion on pulmonary function tests (PFTs), negative bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and bronchoscopy cultures, may assist physicians in diagnosing paclitaxel-induced pneumonitis. In this report, we describe a case of PIP present in Trinidad, West Indies, which has not been described previously in this region.
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Pape S, Snijders RJALM, Gevers TJG, Chazouilleres O, Dalekos GN, Hirschfield GM, Lenzi M, Trauner M, Manns MP, Vierling JM, Montano-Loza AJ, Lohse AW, Schramm C, Drenth JPH, Heneghan MA, Alvarez F, Andrade R, Arikan C, Assis D, Bardou-Jacquet E, Biewenga M, Cancado E, Cazzagon N, Chazouillères O, Colloredo G, Cuarterolo M, Dalekos G, Debray D, Robles-Díaz M, Drenth J, Dyson J, Efe C, Engel B, Ferri S, Fontana R, Gatselis N, Gerussi A, Halilbasic E, Halliday N, Heneghan M, Hirschfield G, van Hoek B, Hørby Jørgensen M, Indolfini G, Iorio R, Jeong S, Jones D, Kelly D, Kerkar N, Lacaille F, Lammert C, Leggett B, Lenzi M, Levy C, Liberal R, Lleo A, Lohse A, Ines Lopez S, de Martin E, McLin V, Mieli-Vergani G, Milkiewicz P, Mohan N, Muratori L, Nebbia G, van Nieuwkerk C, Oo Y, Ortega A, Páres A, Pop T, Pratt D, Purnak T, Ranucci G, Rushbrook S, Schramm C, Stättermayer A, Swain M, Tanaka A, Taubert R, Terrabuio D, Terziroli B, Trauner M, Valentino P, van den Brand F, Villamil A, Wahlin S, Ytting H, Zachou K, Zeniya M. Systematic review of response criteria and endpoints in autoimmune hepatitis by the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group. J Hepatol 2022; 76:841-849. [PMID: 35066089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) has been well characterised and codified through the development of diagnostic criteria. These criteria have been adapted and simplified and are widely used in clinical practice. However, there is a need to update and precisely define the criteria for both treatment response and treatment. METHODS A systematic review was performed and a modified Delphi consensus process was used to identify and redefine the response criteria in autoimmune hepatitis. RESULTS The consensus process initiated by the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group proposes that the term 'complete biochemical response' defined as 'normalization of serum transaminases and IgG below the upper limit of normal' be adopted to include a time point at 6 months after initiation of treatment. An insufficient response by 6 months was a failure to meet the above definition. Non-response was defined as '<50% decrease of serum transaminases within 4 weeks after initiation of treatment'. Remission is defined as liver histology with a Hepatitis Activity Index <4/18. Intolerance to treatment was agreed to stand for 'any adverse event possibly related to treatment leading to potential drug discontinuation'. CONCLUSIONS These definitions provide a simple and reproducible framework to define treatment response and non-response, irrespective of the therapeutic intervention. A consensus on endpoints is urgently required to set a global standard for the reporting of study results and to enable inter-study comparisons. Future prospective database studies are needed to validate these endpoints. LAY SUMMARY Consensus among international experts on response criteria and endpoints in autoimmune hepatitis is lacking. A consensus on endpoints is urgently required to set a global standard for the reporting of study results and to enable the comparison of results between clinical trials. Therefore, the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG) herein presents a statement on 5 agreed response criteria and endpoints: complete biochemical response, insufficient response, non-response, remission, and intolerance to treatment, which can be used to guide future reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Pape
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - Romée J A L M Snijders
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - Tom J G Gevers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6229HX, The Netherlands; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - Oliver Chazouilleres
- Hepatology Department, Reference Center for Inflammatory Biliary Diseases and Autoimmune Hepatitis, Saint-Antoine Hospital Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - George N Dalekos
- Department of Medicine and Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, University of Thessaly Medical School, Larissa, Greece
| | - Gideon M Hirschfield
- Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marco Lenzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michael Trauner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - Michael P Manns
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - John M Vierling
- Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aldo J Montano-Loza
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ansgar W Lohse
- 1(st) Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - Christoph Schramm
- 1(st) Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Martin Zeitz Centre for Rare Diseases, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - Joost P H Drenth
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER)
| | - Michael A Heneghan
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER).
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Rizwana A, Mohan N, Kumar PTR, Karthik R, Gokulraj S. Panoramic Radiograph and CBCT in Unilateral Mandibular Condylar Hyperplasia—A Case Report. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2022; 31:1070-1074. [PMID: 35136532 PMCID: PMC8817819 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1741054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Condylar hyperplasia (CH) of the mandible is a rare developmental disorder that results in enlargement of the condyle. It is predominant in females, mostly unilateral and self-limiting. This report presents a case of a 35-year-old female patient with unilateral condylar hyperplasia with an increase in vertical height of mandibular ramus of the affected side. After initial radiographic evaluation, the asymmetry index using a panoramic radiograph was determined and also analyzed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Condylar dimensions in all the planes were measured for both sides using CBCT. This case report emphasizes the importance of CBCT and its role in the diagnosis and assessment of mandibular condylar hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Rizwana
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Mission Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation -DU, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N. Mohan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Mission Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation -DU, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P. T. Ravi Kumar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Mission Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation -DU, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Karthik
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Mission Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation -DU, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sabitha Gokulraj
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Mission Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation -DU, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
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Acharya A, Mohan N, Ardhanari R. Surgical Considerations in Acute Pancreatitis. Indian J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-019-02062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Zhang J, Cameron D, Quak SH, Kadim M, Mohan N, Ryoo E, Sandhu B, Yamashiro Y, Guarino A, Hoekstra H. Rates and determinants of antibiotics and probiotics prescription to children in Asia-Pacific countries. Benef Microbes 2020; 11:329-338. [PMID: 32506933 DOI: 10.3920/bm2019.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic therapy may have important side effects. Guidelines recommend the administration of specific probiotics to reduce the risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD). The rates and determinants of antibiotics and co-prescription of probiotics in children remain poorly known in Asia-Pacific countries, which are very heterogenous in terms of economic development, health care organization and health policies. A survey among general practitioners (GPs) and paediatricians was performed in seven countries of the Asia-Pacific area (Australia, Japan, Indonesia, India, China, Singapore, and South Korea). Physicians completed an online questionnaire that explored their current habits and the determinants for prescribing antibiotics and probiotics. For the 731 physicians who completed the questionnaire (390 paediatricians and 341 GPs), 37% of all consultations for a child led to the prescription of antibiotics (ranging from 17% in Australia to 47% in India). A large majority of physicians (84%) agreed that antibiotics disrupted gut microbiota and considered probiotics an effective intervention to prevent AAD (68%). However, only 33% co-prescribed probiotics with antibiotics (ranging from 13% in Japan to 60% in South Korea). The main reasons for prescribing probiotics were previous episodes of AAD (61%), presence of diarrhoea (55%), prolonged antibiotic treatment (54%) or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid therapy (54%). Although current local guidelines recommend the use of selected probiotics in children receiving antibiotics in Asia-Pacific area, the rates of antibiotics and probiotics prescription significantly vary among countries and are deeply affected by country-related cultural and organisational issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3333 Binsheng Road, 310052 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China P.R
| | - D Cameron
- Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Department of Gastroenterology, 50 Flemington Road, 3052 Parkville, Australia
| | - S H Quak
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - M Kadim
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Department of Child Health, Jl Salemba Raya Mo 6, 10430 Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - N Mohan
- Center of Child Health, Department of Pediatrics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, 110060 New Delhi, India
| | - E Ryoo
- Gachon University, Gil Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, 21, Namdong-daero 774 beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 21565, South Korea
| | - B Sandhu
- Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Upper Maudlin St, Bristol BS2 8BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Y Yamashiro
- Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Probiotics Research Laboratory, 3rd floor, 2-9-8 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033 Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Guarino
- University of Naples, Unit of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - H Hoekstra
- Hieronymus Bosch Teaching Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, H. Dunantstraat 1, 5223 GZ's-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands
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Funamoto M, Moonsamy P, Ong C, Li S, Mohan N, Osho A, Cudemus G, Raz Y, Astor T, Villavicencio M. "Awake" Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation as a Bridge to Lung Transplant. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Osho A, Moonsamy P, Mohan N, Li S, Melnitchouk S, D'Alessandro D, Astor T, Funamoto M, Villavicencio M. Factors Associated with Post-Transplant Renal Replacement Therapy in Lung Recipients with Normal Pre-Operative Kidney Function. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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10
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Mohan N, Karthik R, Fenn SM, Ravikumar PT, Subbulakshmi AC. Intracranial variant of encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis - A case report. Indian J Dent Res 2020; 30:978-981. [PMID: 31939383 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_517_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Encephalotrigeminal Angiomatosis is a rare developmental phakomatoses characterized by the occurrence of nevus flammeus (port-wine stain) along the distribution of branches of trigeminal nerve, vascular angiomas in the eye, and leptomeningeal angiomas affecting 1 in 1,00,000 South Asian population. Herewith, such a rare case of such encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis in a 24-year-old male is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mohan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Karthik
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saramma Mathew Fenn
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P T Ravikumar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Cicilia Subbulakshmi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
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Nanda S, Menon R, Kumari S, Mohan N, Kesavadas C. Visual-verbal paired associate memory in mild cognitive impairment: A neuropsychological and brain volumetric study. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Katla S, Karmakar B, Tadi SRR, Mohan N, Anand B, Pal U, Sivaprakasam S. High level extracellular production of recombinant human interferon alpha 2b in glycoengineered Pichia pastoris: culture medium optimization, high cell density cultivation and biological characterization. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 126:1438-1453. [PMID: 30776176 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present study was aimed at design of experiments (DoE)- and artificial intelligence-based culture medium optimization for high level extracellular production of a novel recombinant human interferon alpha 2b (huIFNα2b) in glycoengineered Pichia pastoris and its characterization. METHODS AND RESULTS The artificial neural network-genetic algorithm model exhibited improved huIFNα2b production and better predictability compared to response surface methodology. The optimized medium exhibited a fivefold increase in huIFNα2b titre compared to the complex medium. A maximum titre of huIFNα2b (436 mg l-1 ) was achieved using the optimized medium in the bioreactor. Real-time capacitance data from dielectric spectroscopy were utilized to model the growth kinetics with unstructured models. Biological characterization by antiproliferative assay proved that the purified recombinant huIFNα2b was biologically active, exhibiting growth inhibition on breast cancer cell line. CONCLUSIONS Culture medium optimization resulted in enhanced production of huIFNα2b in glycoengineered P. pastoris at both shake flask and bioreactor level. The purified huIFNα2b was found to be N-glycosylated and biologically active. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY DoE-based medium optimization strategy significantly improved huIFNα2b production. The antiproliferative activity of huIFNα2b substantiates its potential scope for application in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Katla
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - B Karmakar
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - S R R Tadi
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - N Mohan
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - B Anand
- MAB Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - U Pal
- Molecular Endocrinology Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - S Sivaprakasam
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
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Abstract
Context: Tooth plays a pivotal role in the identification of a person when all other remains are ruined by natural or unnatural causes. Dental evidence can contribute to age estimation in forensic dentistry. Estimating the age of an individual with the help of a tooth for identification proves beneficial. Alternating light and dark bands seen on the cementum have been shown to be proportionate to the age of the patient in number. This was done to evaluate the cementum annulation in age determination. Aims: This study aimed to determine the age of an individual using tooth cementum annulation. Materials and Methods: In this study, twenty extracted teeth were collected and all the clinical details of the patient such as age, sex, and chief complaint were recorded. The collected teeth was preserved in formalin overnight and then washed under tap water before they were sectioned. The area selected for counting was observed under 10 × objective of light microscope, and photomicrographs were taken for the counting of the lines. At the time of analysis, the age of the patient was not disclosed to the observer. Statistical Analysis Used: Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results: This study showed the correlation between the actual age of the individual and the estimated age using tooth cementum annulation method and showed significant statistical value. Conclusion: Incremental lines found in cementum can be used for age estimation in forensic dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mohan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sabitha Gokulraj
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Merlyn Thomas
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
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Jacob M, Mohan N, Fenn SM, Rajathi P, Suryagopan P, Vishalini L. Application of Stereomicroscope in the Pre-Analytic Macroscopic Examination of Biopsy Specimens. J Clin Diagn Res 2019. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2019/42116.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Katla S, Mohan N, Yoganand K, Anand B, Sivaprakasam S. Recombinant human interferon alpha-2β: Cloning, expression and PAT-process analytical technology enabled production in glycoengineered Pichia pastoris. N Biotechnol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2018.05.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Subbulakshmi AC, Mohan N, Thiruneervannan R, Naveen S. Comparative Evaluation of Serum Lipid Profile in Patients with Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma with that of Control Subjects: A Case Control Study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2017; 9:S191-S196. [PMID: 29284962 PMCID: PMC5731011 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_142_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of the study was to evaluate the serum lipid profile among untreated oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) patients. Materials and Methods This study was done in three groups of patients - OSMF, OSCC, and control. There are twenty participants in each group. Calorimetric method using semi-autoanalyzer was used for analyzing the lipid levels (cholesterol, triglycerides [TGL], and high-density lipids [HDL]) after collecting 2 ml of fasting blood from these patients. Low-density lipid [LDL] values were obtained by calculator method. Results There was a significant decrease in serum lipid levels of patients with OSMF and OSCC. Conclusion The decrease in lipid levels in OSMF and OSCC patients is due to its utilization by the cells during the cancer process.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cicilia Subbulakshmi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Mohan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Thiruneervannan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Naveen
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The practice of betel nut chewing with or without tobacco is still practiced in south india, salem inspite of its harmful effects. METHODOLOGY 200 Patients visiting the outpatient department, Oral medicine and radiology from Aug 2015 to Aug 2016. RESULT AND CONCLUSION In our study, 3 women were exclusively churut smokers. Thirty-eight percent of the dental patients were beedi smoker, 32% were tobacco chewers, 12% were both betel nut and tobacco chewers, 8% were exclusively betel nut chewers, 1% of the dental population were exclusively churut smokers. Mean age group of the study population is 50.2 (14.4). There are 28 females and 172 males in the study group. Chi-square test revealed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.001) between males and females based on soft-tissue findings and no statistically significant difference (P = 0.572) between males and females based on distribution of hard-tissue findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Karthik
- Department of Oral Medicine, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N. Mohan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
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Mohan N, Jiang J, Wu WJ. Implications of Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in Trastuzumab-Mediated Cardiac Toxicities. Austin Pharmacol Pharm 2017; 2:1005. [PMID: 30288503 PMCID: PMC6168002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Trastuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), remains the standard of care as part of adjuvant therapy for patients diagnosed with HER2-positive breast cancers. Despite high therapeutic efficacy, trastuzumab-based regimens can cause serious cardiotoxic side effects. Effective mitigation of cardiotoxic risk relies on thorough understanding of molecular mechanisms of cardiotoxicity induced by trastuzumab. Among the probable mechanisms responsible for trastuzumab-mediated cardiotoxicity, generation of free radicals causing oxidative stress has garnered notable attention in recent years. More recently, role of autophagy in trastuzumab-induced cardiomyopathy was explored. Trastuzumab-mediated HER2 signaling dysregulation activated Erk/mTOR signaling cascade resulting in autophagy inhibition. Consequently, autophagy impairment leads to massive accumulation of damaged mitochondria and free radicals causing oxidative stress and toxicity in cardiomyocytes. This review will discuss recent advances in understanding the mechanism of oxidative stress and highlight the role of autophagy in trastuzumab-mediated cardiac dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mohan
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research I, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, USA
| | - J Jiang
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research I, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, USA
| | - W J Wu
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research I, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, USA
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Alix A, Bernard L, Mohan N, Rai SN, Müller A. Sur la « diagonalisation par blocs » de l’équation séculaire comme nouvelle méthode de séparation des hautes ou basses fréquences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/jcp/1973701634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Sharma SK, Kansal M, Mohan N, Malhotra PK, Ghadge SG. Aerosol Behavior During a Postulated Severe Accident in a 540-MW(electric) PHWR Containment. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nse09-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar Sharma
- Directorate of Reactor Safety & Analysis, Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited Nabhikiya Urja Bhavan, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Manoj Kansal
- Directorate of Reactor Safety & Analysis, Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited Nabhikiya Urja Bhavan, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - N. Mohan
- Directorate of Reactor Safety & Analysis, Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited Nabhikiya Urja Bhavan, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - P. K. Malhotra
- Directorate of Reactor Safety & Analysis, Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited Nabhikiya Urja Bhavan, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - S. G. Ghadge
- Directorate of Reactor Safety & Analysis, Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited Nabhikiya Urja Bhavan, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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Chiar CI, Elango T, Sivaneswaran L, Umasangar R, Mohan N. An unexpected gangrenous duplication of ileum. Med J Malaysia 2017; 72:83-84. [PMID: 28255153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Alimentary tract duplication is a rare congenital anomaly which may involve any part of the alimentary tract extending from stomach to rectum. Clinical presentation may mimic an inflamed appendix as described in this case. A 9-year-old boy with a clinical diagnosis of perforated appendix was noted to have a normal appendix intra-operatively. On further search for an underlying pathology, a gangrenous ileal duplication was discovered. En-bloc resection with primary bowel anastomosis was done. Histopathology report revealed a gangrenous small bowel duplication. We discuss the preoperative diagnostic dilemma and management options in approaching this rare entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C I Chiar
- Hospital Taiping, Department of Surgery, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - T Elango
- Hospital Taiping, Department of Surgery, Perak, Malaysia
| | - L Sivaneswaran
- Hospital Taiping, Department of Surgery, Perak, Malaysia
| | - R Umasangar
- Hospital Taiping, Department of Surgery, Perak, Malaysia
| | - N Mohan
- Hospital Taiping, Department of Surgery, Perak, Malaysia
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Abstract
Ellis-Van Creveld syndrome or chondroectodermal dysplasia is a rare autosomal recessive disorder presenting several skeletal manifestations and congenital heart malformations. Ellis-Van Creveld syndrome comprises of a tetrad of clinical manifestations of chondrodysplasia, polydactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, and cardiac defects. Here, we are presenting a very rare case of Ellis-Van Creveld syndrome in siblings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabitha Gokulraj
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Mohan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Diagnosis and Radiology, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Babususai Raj
- Department of Oral Medicine, Diagnosis and Radiology, Vivekanandha Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Yasmeen Ahamed
- Department of Oral Medicine, Diagnosis and Radiology, Vivekanandha Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C J Stephen Arokiaraj
- Department of Pedodontics, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Cicilia Subbulakshmi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
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Mohan N, Karkra S, Rastogi A, Vohra V, Soin AS. Living donor liver transplantation in maple syrup urine disease - Case series and world's youngest domino liver donor and recipient. Pediatr Transplant 2016; 20:395-400. [PMID: 26869348 DOI: 10.1111/petr.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
MSUD occurs due to deficiency of enzyme BCKAD required for metabolism of leucine, isoleucine, and valine leading to the accumulation of these and their ketoacids causing acute metabolic decompensation manifesting as encephalopathy or sudden death. The patient requires special protein-restricted diet to survive. As this enzyme is expressed in liver, liver transplantation has been successfully performed as a cure. We report two patients of MSUD who underwent LDLT while their livers were used as a domino graft for other biliary cirrhotic patients. A 22-month-old male child diagnosed as a case of classic MSUD underwent LDLT from an altruistic aunt as donor following which his serum leucine levels normalized on an unrestricted protein diet. His liver was used as a domino graft. A 38-month-old female child with diagnosed MSUD underwent LDLT from a swap donor, and her liver was used as a domino graft. Her DQ improved post-transplant. LDLT from non-heterozygous donors is a cure for classical MSUD. Their livers can be used as domino grafts for non-MSUD cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mohan
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver transplantation, Medanta The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - S Karkra
- Institute of Liver Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - A Rastogi
- Institute of Liver Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - V Vohra
- Institute of Liver Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - A S Soin
- Institute of Liver Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
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Subbulakshmi AC, Mohan N, Thiruneervannan R, Naveen S, Gokulraj S. Positioning errors in digital panoramic radiographs: A study. J Orofac Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.4103/0975-8844.181922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Samad A, Mohan N, Balaji RVS, Augustine D, Patil SG. Oral manifestations of plummer-vinson syndrome: a classic report with literature review. J Int Oral Health 2015; 7:68-71. [PMID: 25878483 PMCID: PMC4385731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plummer-Vinson syndrome (PVS) is a triad of microcytic hypochromic anemia, atrophic glossitis, and esophageal webs or strictures. It is one of the syndromes associated with iron deficiency anemia. Symptoms resulting from anemia predominates the clinical picture, apart from the additional features such as glossitis, angular cheilitis, and dysphagia. Dysphagia is main clinical feature of PVS. PVS carries an increased risk of development of squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus and pharynx. A classic case report of PVS with clinical features, oral manifestations, malignant potential, differential diagnosis, investigation, dental implication, and treatment is discussed here with the literature review from the dentist's point of view. The article carries a message that dental surgeons have to be familiar with the oral manifestations of anemia and be able to suspect PVS to aid in early diagnosis and prompt treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Samad
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Vivekananda Dental College for Women, Tiruchengode, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India,Correspondence: Dr. Samad A. Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Vivekananda Dental College for Women, Tiruchengode, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - N Mohan
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College & Hospital, Ariyanoor, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R V Suresh Balaji
- Senior Resident, Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Sri Muthukumaran Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dominic Augustine
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Bangalore Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Lakkasandra, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Shankar Gouda Patil
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, MS Ramaiah Dental College & Hospital, MS Ramaiah Educational Campus, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Alix A, Mohan N, Midler A, Rai SN. First Order Perturbation Theory in the Study of Molecular Vibrations: Isotopic Rules and Properties of the Different Approximations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/zna-1973-0905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The first order perturbation expressions for various molecular constants such as isotopic shifts (⊿λi, ⊿λi/λi), inverse isotopic shifts (⊿σi, ⊿σi/σi), Coriolis coupling constants (Δξij)and mean amplitudes of vibration (Δ∑ij) obtained using different equations and approximations are given in detail.
The mathematical and physical properties of the different approximations are discussed extensively. Incidentally some isotopic rules obtained using the first order perturbation theory are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Alix
- Laboratoire de Recherches Optiques, Faculte des Sciences de Reims, Cedex (France)
| | - N. Mohan
- Institute of Chemistry University of Dortmund, 46 Dortmund, West Germany
| | - A. Midler
- Institute of Chemistry University of Dortmund, 46 Dortmund, West Germany
| | - S. N. Rai
- Institute of Chemistry University of Dortmund, 46 Dortmund, West Germany
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Müller A, Mohan N, Heidborn U. On the Ratio L12/L21 For n = 2 Eigenvalue Problems: An Empirical Constraint For The Calculation of Force Constants (Extended L Matrix Approximation). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/zna-1972-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The variation of the ratio L12/L21 (where Lij refers to the element of the L matrix) as a function of the mass coupling term T=G12/|G|1/2 has been studied for molecules of the type XY4(Td), XY3(D3h) and XY2C2v) using the exact force field data. In the case of the XY4 and XY3 type molecules, the ratio L12/L21 is nearly independent of the mass coupling and in the case of the XY2 type, it shows a nearly linear dependence on T. The force constants have been evaluated using an empirically determined constraint for L12/L21. The values are generally in good agreement with the exact ones. In all cases except VCl4 the exact interaction term of the F matrix is in agreement with the sign rule of Müller et al.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Müller
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Dortmund
| | - N. Mohan
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Dortmund
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Soin AS, Raut V, Mohanka R, Rastogi A, Goja S, Balachandran M, Saigal S, Saraf N, Bhangui P, Sumana KR, Singla P, Srinivasan T, Choudhary N, Tiwari A, Raina V, Govil D, Mohan N, Vohra V. Use of ABO-incompatible grafts in living donor liver transplantation--first report from India. Indian J Gastroenterol 2014; 33:72-6. [PMID: 24369388 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-013-0424-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
ABO incompatibility is the commonest reason for rejection of donors in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). The donor pool could be expanded by 25 % to 35 % if the ABO barrier is overcome. In the absence of pre-conditioning, transplantation across the blood groups is fraught with the almost universal risk of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) that rapidly leads to graft loss. However, AMR can be prevented by removal of preformed antibodies and reducing their production by B cells. We describe our initial experience of three cases of ABO-incompatible (ABO-i) LDLT: a 42-year-old male, an 8-month-old male and a 28-month-old female, all of blood group O+ who received blood group B + right lobe, B + left lateral segment, and A + left lateral segment liver grafts, respectively. Pre-LDLT conditioning included administration of anti-CD20 antibody (Rituximab(®)) to the adult 4 weeks prior, and four to seven sessions of double-filtration plasmapheresis to all, to remove preformed antibodies and achieve anti-donor blood group antibody (ADA) titers of ≤ 1:16 IgG and ≤ 1:8 IgM, respectively. In addition, cases 1 and 3 received mycophenolate mofetil for 7 days prior to LDLT. After LDLT, all three patients achieved normal graft function over 8-17 days with no evidence of AMR and without the need for further plasmapheresis. Postoperative complications included portal vein thrombosis (one successfully re-explored), CMV (one), Pseudomonas and Klebsiella sepsis (one each), and abdominal collection (one treated with percutaneous drainage). All are currently well with normal graft function and low ADA titers at 8, 16, and 19 months after ABO-i LDLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Soin
- Medanta Institute of Liver Diseases and Transplantation, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122 001, India,
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Mohan N, Sharma S, Padhi TR, Basu S, Das TP. Traumatic endophthalmitis caused by Shewanella putrefaciens associated with an open globe fishhook injury. Eye (Lond) 2013; 28:235. [PMID: 24336293 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2013.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Mohan
- Retina Vitreous Service, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - S Sharma
- Ocular Microbiology Service, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - T R Padhi
- Retina Vitreous Service, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - S Basu
- Retina Vitreous Service, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - T P Das
- Retina Vitreous Service, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
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Mohan N, Mahesha C, Shivarudraiah, Mathivanan NR, Shivamurthy B. Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Ta/NbC Filled Glass-epoxy Composites at Elevated Temperatures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2013.09.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kijima N, Hosen N, Kagawa N, Hashimoto N, Chiba Y, Kinoshita M, Sugiyama H, Yoshimine T, Kim YZ, Kim KH, Lee EH, Hu B, Sim H, Mohan N, Agudelo-Garcia P, Nuovo G, Cole S, Viapiano MS, McFarland BC, Hong SW, Rajbhandari R, Twitty GB, Kenneth Gray G, Yu H, Langford CP, Yancey Gillespie G, Benveniste EN, Nozell SE, Nitta R, Mitra S, Bui T, Li G, Munoz JL, Rodriguez-Cruz V, Rameshwar P, Rodriguez-Cruz V, Munoz JL, Rameshwar P, See WL, Mukherjee J, Shannon KM, Pieper RO, Floyd DH, Xiao A, Purow BW, Lavon I, Zrihan D, Refael M, Bier A, Canello T, Siegal T, Zrihan D, Granit A, Siegal T, Lavon I, Xie Q, Wang X, Gong Y, Mao Y, Chen X, Zhou L, Lee SX, Tunkyi A, Wong ET, Swanson KD, Zhang K, Chen L, Zhang J, Shi Z, Han L, Pu P, Kang C, Cho WH, Ogawa D, Godlewski J, Bronisz A, Antonio Chiocca E, Mustafa DAM, Sieuwerts AM, Smid M, de Weerd V, Martens JW, Foekens JA, Kros JM, Zhang J, McCulloch C, Graff J, Sui Y, Dinn S, Huang Y, Li Q, Fiona G, Ogawa D, Nakashima H, Godlewski J, Antonio Chiocca E, Leiss L, Manini I, Enger PO, Yang C, Iyer R, Yu ACH, Li S, Ikejiri BL, Zhuang Z, Lonser R, Massoud TF, Paulmurugan R, Gambhir SS, Merrill MJ, Sun M, Chen M, Edwards NA, Shively SB, Lonser RR, Baia GS, Caballero OL, Orr BA, Lal A, Ho JS, Cowdrey C, Tihan T, Mawrin C, Riggins GJ, Lu D, Leo C, Wheeler H, McDonald K, Schulte A, Zapf S, Stoupiec M, Kolbe K, Riethdorf S, Westphal M, Lamszus K, Timmer M, Rohn G, Koch A, Goldbrunner R, Edwards NA, Lonser RR, Merrill MJ, Ruggieri R, Vanan I, Dong Z, Sarkaria JN, Tran NL, Berens ME, Symons M, Rowther FB, Dawson T, Ashton K, Darling J, Warr T, Okamoto M, Palanichamy K, Gordon N, Patel D, Walston S, Krishanan T, Chakravarti A, Kalinina J, Carroll A, Wang L, Yu Q, Mancheno DE, Wu S, Liu F, Ahn J, He M, Mao H, Van Meir EG, Debinski W, Gonzales O, Beauchamp A, Gibo DM, Seals DF, Speranza MC, Frattini V, Kapetis D, Pisati F, Eoli M, Pellegatta S, Finocchiaro G, Maherally Z, Smith JR, Pilkington GJ, Zhu W, Wang Q, Clark PA, Yang SS, Lin SH, Kahle KT, Kuo JS, Sun D, Hossain MB, Cortes-Santiago N, Gururaj A, Thomas J, Gabrusiewicz K, Gumin J, Xipell E, Lang F, Fueyo J, Yung WKA, Gomez-Manzano C, Cook NJ, Lawrence JE, Rovin RA, Belton RJ, Winn RJ, Ferluga S, Debinski W, Lee SH, Khwaja FW, Zerrouqi A, Devi NS, Van Meir EG, Drucker KL, Lee HK, Bier A, Finniss S, Cazacu S, Poisson L, Xiang C, Rempel SA, Mikkelsen T, Brodie C, Chen M, Shen J, Edwards NA, Lonser RR, Merrill MJ, Kenchappa RS, Valadez JG, Cooper MK, Carter BD, Forsyth PA, Lee JS, Erdreich-Epstein A, Song HR, Lawn S, Kenchappa R, Forsyth P, Lim KJ, Bar EE, Eberhart CG, Blough M, Alnajjar M, Chesnelong C, Weiss S, Chan J, Cairncross G, Wykosky J, Cavenee W, Furnari F, Brown KE, Keir ST, Sampson JH, Bigner DD, Kwatra MM, Kotipatruni RP, Thotala DK, Jaboin J, Taylor TE, Wykosky J, Schinzel AC, Hahn WC, Cavenee WK, Furnari FB, Kapoor GS, Macyszyn L, Bi Y, Fetting H, Poptani H, Ittyerah R, Davuluri RV, O'Rourke D, Pitter KL, Hosni-Ahmed A, Colevas K, Holland EC, Jones TS, Malhotra A, Potts C, Fernandez-Lopez A, Kenney AM, Cheng S, Feng H, Hu B, Jarzynka MJ, Li Y, Keezer S, Johns TG, Hamilton RL, Vuori K, Nishikawa R, Sarkaria JN, Fenton T, Cheng T, Furnari FB, Cavenee WK, Mikheev AM, Mikheeva SA, Silber JR, Horner PJ, Rostomily R, Henson ES, Brown M, Eisenstat DD, Gibson SB, Price RL, Song J, Bingmer K, Oglesbee M, Cook C, Kwon CH, Antonio Chiocca E, Nguyen TT, Nakashima H, Chiocca EA, Lukiw WJ, Culicchia F, Jones BM, Zhao Y, Bhattacharjee S. LAB-CELL BIOLOGY AND SIGNALING. Neuro Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Zhang Q, Mohan N, Thomas PS. The dangers of oxygen therapy. Intern Med J 2012; 42:849-50. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2012.02834.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Krishnaraj C, Jagan E, Ramachandran R, Abirami S, Mohan N, Kalaichelvan P. Effect of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles on Bacopa monnieri (Linn.) Wettst. plant growth metabolism. Process Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Alleyne T, Mohan N, Adogwa A. Elevated ferric, calcium and magnesium ions in the brain induce protein aggregation in brain mitochondria. W INDIAN MED J 2012; 61:122-127. [PMID: 23155955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are two of several neurodegenerative disorders that affect the elderly. Although their aetiology remains uncertain, studies suggest that elevated aluminium or other metal ions in the brain directly influence the development of the histological abnormalities normally associated with these diseases; other investigations suggest that metal-ion-induced-dysfunction of mitochondria might be a critical factor. METHODS In this study, the impact of elevated aluminum (Al3+), ferric (Fe3+), calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) ions on brain histology and on the protein composition of brain mitochondria were evaluated. Rabbits were injected intra-cerebrally with 1.4% solutions of either aluminium chloride (AlCl3), ferric chloride (FeCl3), calcium chloride (CaCl2) or magnesium chloride (MgCl2) and sacrificed 10 days later RESULTS Histological analysis revealed that Al3+ but not the other ions induced neurofibrillary degeneration within the midbrain and medulla. Alternatively, SDS-PAGE revealed that Fe3+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ but not Al3+ induced alterations to the distribution of brain mitochondrial proteins. Both Fe3+ and Ca2+ triggered decreased concentration of three low molecular weight proteins (-7-14 kd) but Ca2+ precipitated their total absence. Both ions led to increased concentration of a high molecular weight protein (-110 kd). In contrast, Mg2 led to the total absence of the protein of lowest molecular weight (-7 kd) and increased concentration of a -36 kd protein. CONCLUSION These results suggest that elevation of some metal ions in the brain induces protein aggregation with the nature of the aggregation being highly ion dependent. The results also point toward major differences between the histopathological effect of Al3+ and other ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Alleyne
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
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Mohan N, Collins E, Cusack T, O'Donoghue G. Physical activity and exercise prescription: Senior physiotherapists' knowledge, attitudes and beliefs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3233/ppr-2012-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Mohan
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E. Collins
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T. Cusack
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G. O'Donoghue
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Mohan N, Natarajan S, KumareshBabu SP. The role of synthetic and natural fillers on three-body abrasive wear behaviour of glass fabric-epoxy hybrid composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bhangui P, Mohanka R, Saigal S, Kakodkar R, Rastogi A, Goja S, Menon B, Saraf N, Mohan N, Soin A. 6 tuberculosis and living donor liver transplantation-a 7-year experience from India. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2011; 1:135-6. [PMID: 25755334 PMCID: PMC3940131 DOI: 10.1016/s0973-6883(11)60143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Soin AS, Kakodkar R, Mohanka R, Rastogi A, Balachandran M, Goja S, Mohan N. 11 reduced left lateral sector liver transplantation in children under 10 kg-less is better. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2011; 1:138. [PMID: 25755340 PMCID: PMC3940185 DOI: 10.1016/s0973-6883(11)60148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Rastogi A, Chatopadhyay S, Piplani T, Mohanka R, Saigal S, Saraf N, Mohan N, Soin A. 12 variations in live-liver donor hilar anatomy and classification of donors based on anatomic suitability. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2011; 1:138-9. [PMID: 25755341 PMCID: PMC3940236 DOI: 10.1016/s0973-6883(11)60149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Verma S, Singh RK, Rai A, Pandey CP, Singh M, Mohan N. Extent of surgery in the management of phyllodes tumor of the breast: a retrospective multicenter study from India. J Cancer Res Ther 2011; 6:511-5. [PMID: 21358091 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.77085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Phyllodes tumor (PT) is a rare tumor of the breast. Usually, difficulty in making preoperative diagnoses and unpredictable clinical outcome of this disease leads to inappropriate management. Till date, no definite conclusion regarding the appropriate surgical procedure can be drawn. OBJECTIVES The objective of this retrospective study is to study the clinicopathological correlation of phyllodes tumors in North-Central part of the India and also to evaluate efficacy of the various surgical options available for the management of phyllodes tumors of the breast. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study of 24 cases from the archives of department of surgery of three tertiary institutes of North-Central part of India. We reviewed the clinical, pathological features of this disease entity with a view to highlight relevant features. We also analyzed various surgical options done for primary as well as recurrent PT. RESULTS The breast masses in our study were particularly large. The mean size of the lump was 9.5 +/- 5.5 cm (range was 4.0-23 cm). Histopathological report was benign, borderline, and malignant PT in 62.4%, 20.8%, and 16.8% of the cases, respectively. Overall, 31 surgical procedures (24 in primary and 7 in recurrent) were performed. Simple lumpectomy, wide local excision and simple mastectomy were done in 25%, 27.4% and 27.4% of primary (non-recurrent) cases of PT, respectively. Modified radical mastectomy and simple mastectomy with LD flap reconstruction was done in 7.2% and 2.4% in primary cases, respectively in recurrent cases, simple mastectomy was done in four cases and modified radical mastectomy was done in one case. Overall, recurrence was seen in 29.2% of the cases. The median time for recurrence was 6 months (range 5.0-36 months). 90% (6/7) of recurrence occurred in lumpectomy patients. CONCLUSION The unpredictable behavior of histological types and the disputable results of particular surgical procedures have contributed to the controversies. The therapeutic issue is further compounded by an imprecise preoperative diagnosis. This study shows that wide local excision for benign and borderline and simple mastectomy with or without reconstruction for the malignant PT of the breast are acceptable best surgical options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyajeet Verma
- Department of Surgery, G.S.V.M. Medical College, Kanpur, U.P, India.
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Mohan N, Natarajan S, KumareshBabu SP, Siddaramaiah. Investigation on Sliding Wear Behaviour and Mechanical Properties of Jatropha Oil Cake-Filled Glass-Epoxy Composites. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-010-1657-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Satheesh Kumar MN, Yaakob Z, Mohan N, Siddaramaiah, Kumaresh Babu SP. Mechanical and Abrasive Wear Studies on Biobased Jatropha Oil Cake Incorporated Glass–Epoxy Composites. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-010-1575-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mohan N, Nagavi BG. Development of standard therapeutic guidelines for selected common diseases for the primary health care centres of a South Indian district. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/0022357021981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Method
A questionnaire survey of medical officers was conducted to collect data on the most commonly-presenting diseases and doctors' treatment choices in PHCs in Mysore. Draft guidelines were developed for these conditions based on available literature, together with microbiological sensitivity data from the three district hospitals. User feedback on the draft guidelines and on guidelines in general was obtained from medical officers using a postal questionnaire.
Objective
To develop standard therapeutic guidelines for selected common diseases for the primary health care centres (PHCs) of a South Indian district and to evaluate medical officers' perceptions about the proposed guidelines and about guidelines in general.
Setting
Sample of 17 of the 93 PHCs in Mysore.
Key findings
Upper respiratory tract infection was the most commonly-presenting condition. Procaine penicillin was the most commonly-used drug and there were examples of inappropriate treatment choices. The survey produced evidence that access to medicines on the government's “essential” list was not uniform, with many patients having to purchase prescribed drugs that were not on the list. The response rate to the user feedback questionnaire was 62 per cent (31 doctors). The medical officers had positive opinions about guidelines in general and felt that the guidelines we proposed were useful and would help them to improve their prescribing habits.
Conclusions
Prescribing in primary care in India needs to be improved. The involvement of potential users of the guidelines in their development should increase their acceptability and thus their use in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mohan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - B G Nagavi
- JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysore, Karnataka, India
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Mohan N, Alleyne T, Adogwa A. The effects of ingested aluminium on brain cytochrome oxidase activity. W INDIAN MED J 2009; 58:422-427. [PMID: 20441059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium has a unique combination of physical and chemical properties which has enabled man to put this metal to very wide and varied use. However prolonged exposure to aluminium ions may lead to adverse health effects. In this study, we evaluated the effects of dietary aluminium on the protein composition and the intrinsic activity of cytochrome oxidase (COX) for brain mitochondria. New Zealand white rabbits were maintained on a diet of commercial rabbit pellets and distilled water for a period of 12 weeks. For the experimental group, AlCl3, 330 mg/kg/L was added to the drinking water. When compared to the control, mitochondria isolated from the brains of the AICl3 fed rabbits showed no change in Km but an approximate 35% decrease in both the low and high affinity Vmax values. Also, whereas the protein composition of the mitochondria from both sources appeared to be normal, isolation of highly purified COX proved to be difficult and for the AlCl3 fed rabbits, a number of the enzyme's low molecular weight subunits were absent. These results appear to confirm a relationship between long term aluminium consumption and low brain COX activity; they further suggest that an altered COX structure may be the cause of the low enzymic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mohan
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies
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Mohan N, Kannan GK, Upendra S, Subha R, Kumar NS. Breakthrough of toluene vapours in granular activated carbon filled packed bed reactor. J Hazard Mater 2009; 168:777-781. [PMID: 19369003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.02.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Revised: 02/03/2009] [Accepted: 02/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this research was to determine the toluene removal efficiency and breakthrough time using commercially available coconut shell-based granular activated carbon in packed bed reactor. To study the effect of toluene removal and break point time of the granular activated carbon (GAC), the parameters studied were bed lengths (2, 3, and 4 cm), concentrations (5, 10, and 15 mg l(-1)) and flow rates (20, 40, and 60 ml/min). The maximum percentage removal of 90% was achieved and the maximum carbon capacity for 5 mg l(-1) of toluene, 60 ml/min flow rate and 3 cm bed length shows 607.14 mg/g. The results of dynamic adsorption in a packed bed were consistent with those of equilibrium adsorption by gravimetric method. The breakthrough time and quantity shows that GAC with appropriate surface area can be utilized for air cleaning filters. The result shows that the physisorption plays main role in toluene removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mohan
- Defence Bio-Engineering and Electro Medical Laboratory, Defence R&D Organisation, CVRaman Nagar, Bangalore, India.
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Yeap BH, Mohan N. Hypospadias from the perspective of a single-surgeon practice in Malaysia. Med J Malaysia 2008; 63:388-390. [PMID: 19803297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed an alarming increase in the worldwide incidence of hypospadias. For non-hypospadiologists, the surgical correction of hypospadias will be increasingly demanding. This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a treatment strategy devised by a single-surgeon practice in Malaysia to tackle this anticipated surge of caseload. Over a period exceeding eight years, 254 boys underwent corrective hypospadias surgery by a single paediatric surgeon at Alor Star Hospital, Malaysia. Patient demographics, racial distribution and meatal location were among the data collected retrospectively. The various types of corrective procedure employed, their outcome as well as complications were evaluated. Distal type of hypospadias dominated this series. There was an explainable peculiarity in the age distribution of hypospadias. For all types of repair, the complication rate was 33% consisting mainly of urethrocutaneous fistula (18%) and meatal stenosis (9%). Complication rate for tubularised incised plate (TIP) urethroplasty, the commonest technique of repair, was 30%, mainly from meatal stenosis (15%) and urethrocutaneous fistula (13%). Univariate analysis revealed that proximal hypospadias, repairs done during the initial four years of study and utilisation of repair other than TIP to be adverse risk factors. Tubularised incised plate urethroplasty was appropriate for almost all types of hypospadias. For the remainder, the two stage repair is satisfactorily employed. This study from a primary referral centre also dispelled the notion that proximal hypospadias predominate in this region. The versatility and reliability of TIP urethroplasty lends itself readily in tackling primary and repeat hypospadias surgery within a single-surgeon practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Yeap
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Hospital Alor Star, Alor Star, Kedah, Malaysia
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Nagendra-Prasad D, Sudhakar N, Murugesan K, Mohan N. Pre-exposure of calli to ozone promotes tolerance of regenerated Lycopersicon esculentum cv. PKM1 plantlets against acute ozone stress. J Plant Physiol 2008; 165:1288-1299. [PMID: 18160125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2007.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2007] [Revised: 09/27/2007] [Accepted: 10/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Studies were performed to evaluate the effects of pre-exposure of calli to ozone in promoting tolerance of the regenerated Lycopersicon esculentum cv. PKM1 (tomato) plantlets against acute ozone stress (AOS). Calli induced from tomato leaf explants were subjected to pre-treatment with ozone: T(1)=100 ppb, T(2)=200 ppb and T(3)=300 ppb. For the control (C) calli, charcoal-filtered air was supplied to test differential sensitivity of regenerated plantlets to acute ozone stress. All treated calli were subsequently transferred to shooting, rooting medium and acclimatized. The plantlets regenerated from the respective ozone (T(1), T(2), T(3))-treated calli are referred to here as T(1), T(2), T(3) plantlets and the plantlets regenerated from control calli are referred to as control plantlets. The frequencies of regeneration of tomato plantlets from the calli were T(1)=86%, T(2)=82% and T(3)=67%, and 92% regeneration was obtained from control calli. In order to evaluate the ozone tolerance, all the regenerated plantlets were exposed to the acute ozone exposure (AOE). After AOE, the T(2) plantlets endured remarkably well by experiencing reduced ozone stress, which was evident from the lower level of hydrogen peroxide and oxidative stress-related enzymes such as ascorbate peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.11) and superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) activities relative to T(3), T(1) and C plantlets. All T(2) plantlets showed enhanced tolerance against AOE by upholding enhanced soluble phenol content, a higher level of foliar and apoplastic ascorbic acid, elevated dehydroascorbate reductase (EC 1.8.5.1) and glutathione content. The present study reveals that the calli pre-exposed to T(2) ozone treatment resulted in an increase in the level of antioxidants and provided the plants greater protection against acute ozone stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Nagendra-Prasad
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Lab. No. 102, Chennai 600 025, India
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Sudhakar N, Nagendra-Prasad D, Mohan N, Murugesan K. A bench-scale, cost effective and simple method to elicit Lycopersicon esculentum cv. PKM1 (tomato) plants against Cucumber mosaic virus attack using ozone-mediated inactivated Cucumber mosaic virus inoculum. J Virol Methods 2007; 146:165-71. [PMID: 17689672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2007.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2006] [Revised: 06/21/2007] [Accepted: 06/27/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Studies were undertaken to evaluate ozone for inactivation of Cucumber mosaic virus present in the inoculum and to stimulate Lycopersicon esculentum cv. PKM1 (tomato) plants against Cucumber mosaic virus infection by using the inactivated Cucumber mosaic virus inoculum. Application of a T(4) (0.4mg/l) concentration of ozone to the inoculum containing Cucumber mosaic virus resulted in complete inactivation of the virus. The inactivated viral inoculum was mixed with a penetrator (delivery agent), referred to as T(4) preparation, and it was evaluated for the development of systemic acquired resistance in the tomato plants. Application of a T(4) preparation 5 days before inoculation with the Cucumber mosaic virus protected tomato plants from the effects of Cucumber mosaic virus. Among the components of the inactivated virus tested, coat protein subunits and aggregates were responsible for the acquired resistance in tomato plants. In field trials, the results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that, Cucumber mosaic virus accumulation was significantly less for all the test plants (16%) sprayed with the T(4) preparation than untreated control plants (89.5%) at 28 days postinoculation (dpi). A remarkable increase in the activities of the total soluble phenolics (10-fold) and salicylic acid (16-fold) was detected 5 days after the treatment in foliar extracts of test plants relative to untreated control plants. The results showed that treatment of tomato plants with inactivated viral inoculum led to a significant enhancement of protection against Cucumber mosaic virus attack in a manner that mimics a real pathogen and induces systemic acquired resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sudhakar
- Centre for Advance Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600 025, India.
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Mohan N, Balasubramanian N, Basha CA. Electrochemical oxidation of textile wastewater and its reuse. J Hazard Mater 2007; 147:644-51. [PMID: 17336454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2006] [Revised: 01/15/2007] [Accepted: 01/15/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
It is attempted in the present investigation to treat organic pollutant present in the textile effluent using an electrochemical treatment technique. Experiments are carried out in a batch electrochemical cell covering wide range in operating conditions. Due to the strong oxidizing potential of the chemicals produced, the effluent COD is reduced substantially in this treatment technique. The influence of effluent initial concentration, pH, supporting electrolyte concentration and the anode material on pollutant degradation has been critically examined. It is further attempted in the present investigation to reuse the treated wastewater for dyeing purpose. Several cycles of dyeing operations have been performed with the treated textile wastewater and the dye uptake and water quality have been critically examined at each cycle of dyeing process. The results indicate that the electrochemical method is a feasible technique for treatment of textile wastewater and electrochemically treated wastewater can be effectively reused for dyeing application.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mohan
- Centre for Environment & Explosive Safety, Defense Research & Development Organization, Metcalfe House, Delhi 54, India
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Sudhakar N, Nagendra-Prasad D, Mohan N, Murugesan K. First Report of Cucumber mosaic virus Subgroup II Infecting Lycopersicon esculentum in India. Plant Dis 2006; 90:1457. [PMID: 30780915 DOI: 10.1094/pd-90-1457b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During a survey in January 2006 near Salem in Tamil Nadu (south India), Cucumber mosaic virus was observed infecting tomatoes with an incidence of more than 70%. Plants exhibiting severe mosaic, leaf puckering, and stunted growth were collected, and the virus was identified using diagnostic hosts, evaluation of physical properties of the virus, compound enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (ELISA Lab, Washington State University, Prosser), reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (DSMZ, S. Winter, Germany). To determine the specific CMV subgroup, total RNA was extracted from 50 infected leaf samples using the RNeasy plant RNA isolation kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and tested for the presence of the complete CMV coat protein gene using specific primers as described by Rizos et al. (1). A fragment of the coat protein was amplified and subsequently digested with MspI to reveal a pattern of two fragments (336 and 538 bp), indicating CMV subgroup II. No evidence of mixed infection with CMV subgroup I was obtained when CMV isolates representing subgroups I (PV-0419) and II (PV-0420), available at the DSMZ Plant Virus Collection, were used as controls. Only CMV subgroup I has been found to predominantly infect tomato in the Indian subcontinent, although Verma et al. (2) identified CMV subgroup II infecting Pelargonium spp., an ornamental plant. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CMV subgroup II infecting tomato crops in India. References: (1) H. Rizos et al. J. Gen. Virol. 73:2099, 1992. (2) N. Verma et al. J. Biol. Sci. 31:47, 2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sudhakar
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai-600 025, India
| | - D Nagendra-Prasad
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai-600 025, India
| | - N Mohan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai-600 025, India
| | - K Murugesan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai-600 025, India
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