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Rocha-Jiménez T, Morales-Miranda S, Fernández-Casanueva C, Silverman JG, Zúñiga ML, Goldenberg SM, Crespo N, Brouwer KC. Migration and Mobility: Correlates of Recent HIV Testing Among Substance Using Female Sex Workers at the Mexico-Guatemala Border. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:1467-1476. [PMID: 34982320 PMCID: PMC9001206 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03501-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this paper is to determine the association between traveling to engage in sex work in another country and recent access to HIV testing among substance-using female sex workers (FSWs) in the Mexico-Guatemala border region. From 2012 to 2015, through modified time-location sampling and peer referral, 255 FSWs were recruited at Mexico's southern border. Participants completed questionnaires on sociodemographics, migration and mobility experiences, work environment factors, and substance use. A conceptual framework, as depicted by a directed acyclic graph (DAG), guided our analysis. Crude and adjusted logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationships between mobility experiences and HIV testing in the past year. Overall HIV testing was low (41%); after considering relevant covariates (i.e., interaction with health services and organizations, and sex work characteristics) traveling to engage in sex work in another country was found to be positively associated with HIV testing in the past year. Future efforts need to consider voluntary and non-stigmatizing prevention HIV services and focus on reaching out to less mobile women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresita Rocha-Jiménez
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
- Society and Health Research Center, Faculty of Humanities, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Carmen Fernández-Casanueva
- Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social CIESAS, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas Mexico
| | - Jay G. Silverman
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | | | - Shira M. Goldenberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Diego State, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Noe Crespo
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Kimberly C. Brouwer
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
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Mendoza-Vasconez AS, Badii N, Becerra ES, Crespo N, Hurst S, Larsen B, Marcus BH, Arredondo EM. Forming Habits, Overcoming Obstacles, and Setting Realistic Goals: A Qualitative Study of Physical Activity Maintenance Among Latinas. Int J Behav Med 2021; 29:334-345. [PMID: 34341956 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-021-10011-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of physical activity interventions for Latina women can be enhanced by identifying and implementing strategies to achieve long-term physical activity maintenance. Physical activity promotion research has mainly focused on physical activity initiation and we know little regarding individual, interpersonal, or environmental factors that influence maintenance of physical activity. This study aimed to qualitatively explore and understand factors associated with maintenance and non-maintenance of physical activity among Latinas. METHODS Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 21 Latinas who increased their physical activity as a result of an intervention, and who completed a 3-month maintenance period without contact from research staff. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Important facilitators of physical activity maintenance described by participants included having made physical activity a habit; the ability to proactively overcome obstacles to engaging in physical activity, and satisfaction with outcomes obtained from engaging in physical activity. Additional facilitators mentioned by both maintainers and non-maintainers included having motivation, social support, and opportunities to be active. Both maintainers and non-maintainers reported high self-efficacy for PA maintenance in the future. CONCLUSIONS Guiding intervention participants to form habits and to set realistic expectations could help them to independently continue engaging in physical activity upon completion of physical activity interventions. Teaching them skills to proactively overcome obstacles may also be important for physical activity maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S Mendoza-Vasconez
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, 1265 Welch Rd, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA. .,Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0725, USA. .,School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, CA, 92182, San Diego, USA.
| | - Nathaniel Badii
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0725, USA
| | - Esther Solis Becerra
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0725, USA.,Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, Rhode Island, 02903, USA
| | - Noe Crespo
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, CA, 92182, San Diego, USA
| | - Samantha Hurst
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0725, USA
| | - Britta Larsen
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0725, USA
| | - Bess H Marcus
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, Rhode Island, 02903, USA
| | - Elva M Arredondo
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, CA, 92182, San Diego, USA
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Benitez TJ, Lopez N, Haughton J, Marcus BH, Sallis JF, Crespo N, Perez LG, Arredondo EM. Psychosocial Correlates of Meeting National Guidelines for Muscle-Strengthening Activities in Latinas. Health Educ Behav 2021; 49:437-445. [PMID: 33870752 DOI: 10.1177/10901981211005342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Performing regular muscle-strengthening activity has numerous health benefits, including improvements in blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, and lean body mass. Despite the disproportionate prevalence of lifestyle-related chronic disease in Latinas (diabetes, hypertension, obesity), most do not report meeting the national guidelines for muscle-strengthening activity. Existing physical activity (PA) research in Latinas has focused almost exclusively on aerobic PA. Our study examined Latinas' sociodemographic and psychosocial correlates of meeting muscle-strengthening PA guidelines that can inform future PA interventions. METHOD A cross-sectional study of participants (N = 436) enrolled in a randomized controlled trial promoting PA and cancer screening in Latinas was conducted, and t tests examined the associations between sociodemographic and psychosocial factors with self-reported muscle-strengthening activities. Hierarchical regression was conducted in separate blocks guided by the socioecological model (sociodemographic, individual, and interpersonal factors) to examine the independent contribution of each block to the outcome of meeting national guidelines for muscle-strengthening PA. RESULTS Participants who met the national PA guidelines of ≥2 days/week of muscle-strengthening activities reported significantly higher social support for PA (p < .001), greater use of behavioral strategies for PA (p < .001), and lower barriers to PA (p < .03) than those who did not meet the guidelines. Hierarchical binary logistic regression indicated behavioral strategies for PA was the only significant correlate of meeting the national guidelines for muscle-strengthening PA (odds ratio = 1.39, 95% confidence interval [1.18, 1.65], p < .001). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Results support a hypothesis that instructing Latinas to use behavior change strategies could help them increase muscle-strengthening PA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Noe Crespo
- San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
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Rocha-Jiménez T, Fernández-Casanueva C, Suárez-Lopéz JR, Zúñiga ML, Crespo N, Morales-Miranda S, Goldenberg SM, Silverman JG, Brouwer KC. Intercepted journeys: Associations between migration and mobility experiences and depressive symptoms among substance using migrants at the Mexico-Guatemala border. Glob Public Health 2021; 17:297-312. [PMID: 33430720 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2020.1866637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Substance use and depressive psychiatric symptoms have been associated with migration and mobility. The Mexico-Guatemala border is a key transit point for internal, regional, and international migration flows. However, there is limited knowledge of the role of substance use, migration, and mobility on mental health among migrants at this border. Our paper explores the association of migration and mobility patterns with possible major depressive symptoms among migrants at this key geographic region. We recruited 392 substance-using migrants using modified time-location sampling. Crude and adjusted logistic regression models were developed. We found that 12% of the sample had possible major depressive symptoms. After adjusting for relevant covariates, including gender, income, and perceived homelessness, we found that recent rural-urban and short-term migrants had higher odds of possible major depressive symptoms, whereas international migrants had lower odds. Findings of this paper suggest that although migrants experience hardship and uncertainty, they may respond with complex and nuanced forms of coping and planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresita Rocha-Jiménez
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Society and Health Research Center, Faculty of Humanities, Universidad Mayor, Las Condes, Santiago de Chile
| | - Carmen Fernández-Casanueva
- Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social CIESAS, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, México
| | - José R Suárez-Lopéz
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Noe Crespo
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Shira M Goldenberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnabay, Canada
| | - Jay G Silverman
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kimberly C Brouwer
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Mendoza-Vasconez AS, Arredondo EM, Larsen B, Crespo N, Hurst S, Marcus BH. Lapse, Relapse, and Recovery in Physical Activity Interventions for Latinas: a Survival Analysis. Int J Behav Med 2021; 28:540-551. [PMID: 33415695 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-020-09943-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) research extensively focuses on initiation of PA, yet lapse and relapse among PA intervention participants are less well understood, particularly among minority populations such as Latinas in the USA. This study aimed to (1) determine the probability of lapse during two PA interventions for Latinas; (2) assess demographic, psychosocial, and environmental predictors of the amount of time until first lapse; and (3) identify factors predictive of lapse recovery. METHODS Data from 176 Latina intervention participants were pooled. Survival functions and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to illustrate probability of lapse. Cox proportional hazard models assessed predictors of time to lapse. Logistic regressions identified predictors of lapse recovery. RESULTS The probability of lapse after 1 month of starting to exercise was 18%, escalating to 34% after 4 months. Predictors of earlier lapse included various psychosocial constructs (i.e., self-efficacy and various processes of change), but none of the measured environmental factors, and only one demographic factor (≥ 2 children under 18). Increased use of consciousness raising at 2 months was associated with lower likelihood of lapse recovery, yet use of behavioral processes of change at 6 months was associated with higher likelihood of recovery. CONCLUSIONS Lapsing may not be pre-determined by demographic and environmental characteristics. On the other hand, skills that can be learned through interventions, such as skills to improve self-efficacy, seem important in the delay or prevention of lapses. Results pertaining to lapse recovery are less clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S Mendoza-Vasconez
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, 1265 Welch Rd, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA. .,School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA. .,Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0725, USA.
| | - Elva M Arredondo
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Britta Larsen
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0725, USA
| | - Noe Crespo
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Samantha Hurst
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0725, USA
| | - Bess H Marcus
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, 121, South Main Street, Providence, Rhode Island, 02903, USA
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Shelby M, Gilbile D, Grant T, Bauer W, Segelke B, He W, Evans A, Crespo N, Fischer P, Pakendorf T, Hennicke V, Hunter M, Batyuk A, Barthelmess M, Meents A, Kuhl T, Frank M, Coleman M. Crystallization of ApoA1 and ApoE4 nanolipoprotein particles and initial XFEL-based structural studies. Crystals (Basel) 2020; 10. [PMID: 35686136 PMCID: PMC9175823 DOI: 10.3390/cryst10100886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanolipoprotein particles (NLPs), also called “nanodiscs”, are discoidal particles with a patch of lipid bilayer corralled by apolipoproteins. NLPs have long been of interest due to both their utility as membrane-model systems into which membrane proteins can be inserted and solubilized and their physiological role in lipid and cholesterol transport via HDL and LDL maturation, which are important for human health. Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) at X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) is a powerful approach for structural biology of membrane proteins, which are traditionally difficult to crystallize as large single crystals capable of producing high-quality diffraction suitable for structure determination. To facilitate understanding of the specific role of two apolipoprotein/lipid complexes, ApoA1 and ApoE4, in lipid binding and HDL/LDL particle maturation dynamics and develop new SFX methods involving NLP membrane protein encapsulation, we have prepared and crystallized homogeneous populations of ApoA1 and ApoE4 NLPs. Crystallization of empty NLPs yields semi-ordered objects that appear crystalline and give highly anisotropic and diffuse X-ray diffraction, similar in characteristics to fiber diffraction. Several unit cell parameters were approximately determined for both NLPs from these measurements. Thus, low-background, sample conservative methods of delivery are critical. Here we implemented a fixed target sample delivery scheme utilizing the Roadrunner fast-scanning system and ultra-thin polymer/graphene support films, providing a low-volume, low-background approach to membrane protein SFX. This study represents initial steps in obtaining structural information for ApoA1 and ApoE4 NLPs and developing this system as a supporting scaffold for future structural studies of membrane proteins crystalized in a native lipid environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.L. Shelby
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - D. Gilbile
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - T.D. Grant
- Department of Structural Biology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, SUNY University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - W.J. Bauer
- Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - B. Segelke
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - W. He
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - A.C. Evans
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - N. Crespo
- Department of Structural Biology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, SUNY University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - P. Fischer
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg, Germany
| | - T. Pakendorf
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg, Germany
| | - V. Hennicke
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M.S. Hunter
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - A. Batyuk
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - M. Barthelmess
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A. Meents
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg, Germany
| | - T.L. Kuhl
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - M. Frank
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel: +1-925-423-7687 or ; Tel: 1-925-423-5068
| | - M.A. Coleman
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel: +1-925-423-7687 or ; Tel: 1-925-423-5068
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Mendoza-Vasconez AS, Crespo N, Hurst S, Larsen B, Marcus B, Arredondo E. What Is App With Maintenance? Regular And Enhanced Physical Activity Maintenance Among Latinas. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000676708.45370.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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McDaniels-Davidson C, Vu H, Chagolla P, Patel S, Gupta S, Crespo N, Nodora J, Martinez ME. Abstract C060: Does the border play a role? Cancer-related disparities by neighborhood proximity to the US-MX border. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.disp19-c060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background Disparities in cancer outcomes have been documented among populations along the United States (US)-Mexico border. However, the drivers of these disparities have not been well characterized. We sought to identify differences in cancer-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors at a granular level, within the 5th largest US county. Methods The University of California, San Diego Moores Cancer Center and San Diego State University Institute for Public Health administered a county-wide assessment to a random sample of 4,000 residents with an additional random sample of 1,000 households in border-adjacent ZIP codes. Mailed in English and Spanish, the survey assessed access to care, health and cancer screening history, cancer beliefs, HPV vaccination, precision medicine knowledge, and socio-demographics. Data collection is ongoing; 494 completed surveys were included in this analysis comparing those residing in border-adjacent ZIP codes (BA; n=72) to the remainder of the county (RC; n=422) using t-tests and chi-square tests. Results Respondents from BA were demographically similar to those from those from RC in mean age and percent female (65 and 59 years; 66% and 63%, respectively). No significant differences were observed between BA and RC respondents in proportion earning <$35,000 per year (26% versus 16% in RC; p=0.05) or the proportion finding it difficult or very difficult on their present income (19% versus 13% in RC; p=0.186). Although slight differences were observed in health care coverage (90% versus 97% in RC; p=0.022), there were no significant differences in access to a usual source of care or age-appropriate colorectal, breast, or cervical cancer screening. Participants from BA were less likely to rate their overall health as excellent or very good (34% versus 54% in RC; p=0.003). Agreement with fatalistic cancer statements was higher among BA respondents: 73% agreed that it seems like everything causes cancer (50% RC; p=0.001) and 36% agreed that there is not much you can do to lower your chances of getting cancer (19% RC; p=0.002). There were more HPV vaccine misperceptions among BA with significantly higher agreement with statements such as: the HPV vaccine was not properly tested (36% versus 16% in RC; p=0.001), the HPV vaccine encourages promiscuity (31% versus 12% in RC; p=0.001), and the HPV vaccine can give you HPV and cause cancer (24% versus 8% in RC; p=0.001). BA residents were less likely to have heard about physician-ordered genetic tests (56% versus 78% in RC; p<0.001) and were less familiar with 9 of 13 precision medicine terms assessed (p<0.05). Conclusions Despite relatively similar levels of health coverage, access to care, and screening adherence, there were significant differences between BA and RC in cancer-related misperceptions, mistrust, and knowledge. Interventions from trusted community organizations that target these areas may begin to reduce cancer disparities among border populations.
Citation Format: Corinne McDaniels-Davidson, Harvey Vu, Priscila Chagolla, Sandip Patel, Samir Gupta, Noe Crespo, Jesse Nodora, M Elena Martinez. Does the border play a role? Cancer-related disparities by neighborhood proximity to the US-MX border [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr C060.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harvey Vu
- 1San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, US,
| | | | - Sandip Patel
- 2University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, US
| | - Samir Gupta
- 2University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, US
| | - Noe Crespo
- 1San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, US,
| | - Jesse Nodora
- 2University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, US
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Gual N, García-Salmones M, Brítez L, Crespo N, Udina C, Pérez LM, Inzitari M. The role of physical exercise and rehabilitation in delirium. Eur Geriatr Med 2020; 11:83-93. [PMID: 32297245 PMCID: PMC7224129 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-020-00290-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This article aims to analyze the intersections between delirium, physical exercise and rehabilitation, to better understand their interrelation and to visualize future lines of research. METHODS In this narrative review, after an overview of brain neurophysiology and function, as common substrates to understand the relationship between delirium and physical function, we explore the scientific evidence in: (1) physical dysfunction as a risk factor for delirium; (2) physical dysfunction as a symptom of delirium and (3) functional consequences related to delirium. Later, we analyze the physical therapy as one of the main strategies in multicomponent interventions to prevent delirium, by examining intervention studies including rehabilitation, which have shown to be effective in managing delirium. Finally, we analyze how frailty, delirium and physical exercise interact with each other. RESULTS This review confirms the close relationship between delirium and physical dysfunction; therefore, it is not surprising that physical exercise is widely used in delirium preventive strategies. Although delirium is catalogued as a neurocognitive disorder, scientific evidence shows that it is also a motor disorder, which is to be expected, since a vast body of literature already supports an interaction between motor and cognitive function. CONCLUSION The motor component of delirium should be taken into account when designing interventions or strategies to address delirium. These interventions may have a special importance in frail older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gual
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Carrer d'Esteve Terradas 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain. .,REFiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d'Hebrón Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M García-Salmones
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Carrer d'Esteve Terradas 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Brítez
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Carrer d'Esteve Terradas 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Crespo
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Carrer d'Esteve Terradas 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Udina
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Carrer d'Esteve Terradas 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain.,REFiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d'Hebrón Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L M Pérez
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Carrer d'Esteve Terradas 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain.,REFiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d'Hebrón Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Inzitari
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Carrer d'Esteve Terradas 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain.,REFiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d'Hebrón Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Arredondo EM, Crespo N, Lopez NV, Elder JP, Haughton J, Sallis J, Perez L, Ayala G. Arredondo et al. Respond. Am J Public Health 2017; 107:e24-e25. [PMID: 29116851 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2017.304122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elva M Arredondo
- Elva M. Arredondo, Noe Crespo, and John P. Elder are with the Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA. Nanette V. Lopez, Jessica Haughton, and Lilian Perez are with the Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego. James Sallis is with the Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego. Guadalupe Ayala is with the College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University
| | - Noe Crespo
- Elva M. Arredondo, Noe Crespo, and John P. Elder are with the Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA. Nanette V. Lopez, Jessica Haughton, and Lilian Perez are with the Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego. James Sallis is with the Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego. Guadalupe Ayala is with the College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University
| | - Nanette V Lopez
- Elva M. Arredondo, Noe Crespo, and John P. Elder are with the Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA. Nanette V. Lopez, Jessica Haughton, and Lilian Perez are with the Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego. James Sallis is with the Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego. Guadalupe Ayala is with the College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University
| | - John P Elder
- Elva M. Arredondo, Noe Crespo, and John P. Elder are with the Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA. Nanette V. Lopez, Jessica Haughton, and Lilian Perez are with the Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego. James Sallis is with the Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego. Guadalupe Ayala is with the College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University
| | - Jessica Haughton
- Elva M. Arredondo, Noe Crespo, and John P. Elder are with the Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA. Nanette V. Lopez, Jessica Haughton, and Lilian Perez are with the Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego. James Sallis is with the Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego. Guadalupe Ayala is with the College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University
| | - James Sallis
- Elva M. Arredondo, Noe Crespo, and John P. Elder are with the Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA. Nanette V. Lopez, Jessica Haughton, and Lilian Perez are with the Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego. James Sallis is with the Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego. Guadalupe Ayala is with the College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University
| | - Lilian Perez
- Elva M. Arredondo, Noe Crespo, and John P. Elder are with the Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA. Nanette V. Lopez, Jessica Haughton, and Lilian Perez are with the Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego. James Sallis is with the Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego. Guadalupe Ayala is with the College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University
| | - Guadalupe Ayala
- Elva M. Arredondo, Noe Crespo, and John P. Elder are with the Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA. Nanette V. Lopez, Jessica Haughton, and Lilian Perez are with the Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego. James Sallis is with the Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego. Guadalupe Ayala is with the College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University
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Crespo N, Sánchez-Murcia PA, Gago F, Cejudo-Sanches J, Galmes MA, Fernández-Lucas J, Mancheño JM. 2'-Deoxyribosyltransferase from Leishmania mexicana, an efficient biocatalyst for one-pot, one-step synthesis of nucleosides from poorly soluble purine bases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:7187-7200. [PMID: 28785897 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8450-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Processes catalyzed by enzymes offer numerous advantages over chemical methods although in many occasions the stability of the biocatalysts becomes a serious concern. Traditionally, synthesis of nucleosides using poorly water-soluble purine bases, such as guanine, xanthine, or hypoxanthine, requires alkaline pH and/or high temperatures in order to solubilize the substrate. In this work, we demonstrate that the 2'-deoxyribosyltransferase from Leishmania mexicana (LmPDT) exhibits an unusually high activity and stability under alkaline conditions (pH 8-10) across a broad range of temperatures (30-70 °C) and ionic strengths (0-500 mM NaCl). Conversely, analysis of the crystal structure of LmPDT together with comparisons with hexameric, bacterial homologues revealed the importance of the relationships between the oligomeric state and the active site architecture within this family of enzymes. Moreover, molecular dynamics and docking approaches provided structural insights into the substrate-binding mode. Biochemical characterization of LmPDT identifies the enzyme as a type I NDT (PDT), exhibiting excellent activity, with specific activity values 100- and 4000-fold higher than the ones reported for other PDTs. Interestingly, LmPDT remained stable during 36 h at different pH values at 40 °C. In order to explore the potential of LmPDT as an industrial biocatalyst, enzymatic production of several natural and non-natural therapeutic nucleosides, such as vidarabine (ara A), didanosine (ddI), ddG, or 2'-fluoro-2'-deoxyguanosine, was carried out using poorly water-soluble purines. Noteworthy, this is the first time that the enzymatic synthesis of 2'-fluoro-2'-deoxyguanosine, ara G, and ara H by a 2'-deoxyribosyltransferase is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Crespo
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute Rocasolano (CSIC), Serrano 119, E-28006, Madrid, Spain.,Applied Biotechnology Group, European University of Madrid, E-28670, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - P A Sánchez-Murcia
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biomedical Sciences and "Unidad Asociada IQM-CSIC", School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, E-28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - F Gago
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and "Unidad Asociada IQM-CSIC", School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, E-28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - J Cejudo-Sanches
- Applied Biotechnology Group, European University of Madrid, E-28670, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - M A Galmes
- Applied Biotechnology Group, European University of Madrid, E-28670, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Fernández-Lucas
- Applied Biotechnology Group, European University of Madrid, E-28670, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain. .,Grupo de Investigación en Desarrollo Agroindustrial Sostenible, Department of Agroindustrial Engineering, School of Environmental Sciences, Universidad de la Costa, Cra. 55 #58-66, Barranquilla, Colombia.
| | - José Miguel Mancheño
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute Rocasolano (CSIC), Serrano 119, E-28006, Madrid, Spain.
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Zeigler Z, Mullane S, Crespo N, Buman M, Gaesser G. Accumulation of Light-intensity Activity or Standing During a Workday Reduces Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Prehypertension. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000465991.51403.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Arredondo E, Sotres-Alvarez D, Evenson KR, Stoutenberg M, Crespo N, Carnethon M, Castaneda SF, Daviglus M, Davis S, Espinoza RA, Isasi CR, Marshall SJ. Population-based Self-reported And Accelerometer-based Physical Activity In Us Latino/hispanic Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000477535.19391.2f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chavez A, Vega-López S, Eckert R, Tarango T, Ray F, Shaibi G, Huberty J, Todd M, Crespo N. Preliminary Performance Outcomes among Minority Parents Participating in a Fitness Program. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000478572.28315.db] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chavez A, Crespo N, Ghan E, Hartmann L, Bruening M, Vega‐López S. Greater Home Fruit and Vegetable Availability among Underserved Families after Participating in a Nutrition Program: The Athletes for Life Study. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.902.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Chavez
- Nutrition and Health Promotion Arizona State UniversityPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Noe Crespo
- Nutrition and Health Promotion Arizona State UniversityPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Emily Ghan
- Nutrition and Health Promotion Arizona State UniversityPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Leopoldo Hartmann
- Nutrition and Health Promotion Arizona State UniversityPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Meg Bruening
- Nutrition and Health Promotion Arizona State UniversityPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Sonia Vega‐López
- Nutrition and Health Promotion Arizona State UniversityPhoenixArizonaUnited States
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Mullane S, Crespo N, Bocchicchio VB. A Rationale For High Intensity, Slow Speed Resistance Training In A Pre-adolescent Obese Population. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000495407.57556.eb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Mullane S, Crespo N, Bocchicchio VB. The Importance Of Cvd Risk Factors And Inflammatory Markers In Obese Youth Resistance Training Interventions. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000493671.70663.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Cantonwine DE, Cordero JF, Rivera-González LO, Anzalota Del Toro LV, Ferguson KK, Mukherjee B, Calafat AM, Crespo N, Jiménez-Vélez B, Padilla IY, Alshawabkeh AN, Meeker JD. Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations among pregnant women in Northern Puerto Rico: distribution, temporal variability, and predictors. Environ Int 2014; 62:1-11. [PMID: 24161445 PMCID: PMC3874859 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalate contamination exists in the North Coast karst aquifer system in Puerto Rico. In light of potential health impacts associated with phthalate exposure, targeted action for elimination of exposure sources may be warranted, especially for sensitive populations such as pregnant women. However, information on exposure to phthalates from a variety of sources in Puerto Rico is lacking. The objective of this study was to determine concentrations and predictors of urinary phthalate biomarkers measured at multiple times during pregnancy among women living in the Northern karst area of Puerto Rico. METHODS We recruited 139 pregnant women in Northern Puerto Rico and collected urine samples and questionnaire data at three separate visits (18 ± 2 weeks, 22 ± 2 weeks, and 26 ± 2 weeks of gestation). Urine samples were analyzed for eleven phthalate metabolites: mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate, mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate, mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate, mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-n-butyl phthalate, mono-benzyl phthalate, mono-isobutyl phthalate, mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate (MCPP), mono carboxyisononyl phthalate (MCNP), and mono carboxyisooctyl phthalate (MCOP). RESULTS Detectable concentrations of phthalate metabolites among pregnant women living in Puerto Rico was prevalent, and metabolite concentrations tended to be higher than or similar to those measured in women of reproductive age from the general US population. Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from very weak (MCNP; 0.05) to moderate (MEP; 0.44) reproducibility among all phthalate metabolites. We observed significant or suggestive positive associations between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and water usage/storage habits (MEP, MCNP, MCOP), use of personal care products (MEP), and consumption of certain food items (MCPP, MCNP, and MCOP). CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge this is the first study to report concentrations, temporal variability, and predictors of phthalate biomarkers among pregnant women in Puerto Rico. Preliminary results suggest several potentially important exposure sources to phthalates in this population and future analysis from this ongoing prospective cohort will help to inform targeted approaches to reduce exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Cantonwine
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
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Tuneu MJ, Vallès X, Carnicer-Pont D, Barberá MJ, Godoy P, Avecilla-Palau A, Jordà B, Lopez-Grado E, Rivero D, Vives A, Acera A, Almirall R, Crespo N, Casabona J, the Partner Notification Study Group C. Pilot study to introduce a notification card for partner notification of sexually transmitted infections in Catalonia, Spain, June 2010 to June 2011. Euro Surveill 2013; 18. [DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2013.18.27.20516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a cross-sectional study in 10 primary care centres in Catalonia, to determine applicability, acceptability and effectiveness of partner notification cards used by patients diagnosed of a sexually transmitted infection (STI) and to characterise these and their sexual partners. Statutorily notifiable STIs included Chlamydia infection, gonorrhoea, syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or other STIs as deemed necessary by the treating physician. Between June 2010 and June 2011, 219 index cases were enrolled, of whom 130 were men (59.4%), 71 of them men who have sex with men (54.6%). Chlamydia infection (41.1%), gonorrhoea (17.8%) and syphilis (16.0%) were the STIs most frequently diagnosed. HIV infection accounted for 4% of cases. A total of 687 sexual partners were reported, and 300 of these were traceable through the notification card (45.7%). Those who did not report traceable contacts were older (mean age: 34 years versus 31 years, p=0.03). The main reason for not distributing the card was anonymous sexual intercourse (38%). Patient referral notification cards can reach a high percentage of sexual partners at risk. However, only few notified sexual partners attended participating health centres. Internet-based partner notification may be considered in order to reach those partners not otherwise traceable.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Tuneu
- Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Public Health Agency of Catalonia (ASPCAT), Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Vallès
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Public Health Agency of Catalonia (ASPCAT), Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Carnicer-Pont
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Public Health of the Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Public Health Agency of Catalonia (ASPCAT), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M J Barberá
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Unit, Drassanes Primary Health Centre, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Godoy
- Epidemiological Surveillance Unit, Lleida, Spain
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - A Avecilla-Palau
- Care Programme for sexual and reproductive health, Badalona Care Services, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Jordà
- Care programme for sexual and reproductive health, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Lopez-Grado
- Care programme for sexual and reproductive health, Catalan Institute of Health, Sabadell, Spain
| | - D Rivero
- Salt Primary Health Centre, Catalan Institute of Health, Girona, Spain
| | - A Vives
- Department of Andrology, Puigvert Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Acera
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Unit, Cerdanyola Primary Health Centre, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Almirall
- Care programme for sexual and reproductive health, Catalan Institute of Health, Esquerra de l’Eixample, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Crespo
- Care programme for sexual and reproductive health, Catalan Institute of Health, Manresa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Casabona
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Public Health of the Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Public Health Agency of Catalonia (ASPCAT), Barcelona, Spain
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Nicaise V, Crespo N, Marshall SJ. The Sensitivity And Specificity Of The IPAQ For Detecting Intervention Related Changes In Physical Activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000401678.01436.d6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Crespo N, Manghi D, García G, Cáceres P. [Attention deficit and understanding of non-literal meanings: the interpretation of indirect speech acts and idioms]. Rev Neurol 2007; 44:75-80. [PMID: 17236145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM To report on the oral comprehension of the non-literal meanings of indirect speech acts and idioms in everyday speech by children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). SUBJECTS AND METHODS The subjects in this study consisted of a sample of 29 Chilean schoolchildren aged between 6 and 13 with ADHD and a control group of children without ADHD sharing similar socio-demographic characteristics. A quantitative method was utilised: comprehension was measured individually by means of an interactive instrument. The children listened to a dialogue taken from a cartoon series that included indirect speech acts and idioms and they had to choose one of the three options they were given: literal, non-literal or distracter. RESULTS The children without ADHD identified the non-literal meaning more often, especially in idioms. Likewise, it should be pointed out that whereas the children without ADHD increased their scores as their ages went up, those with ADHD remained at the same point. CONCLUSIONS ADHD not only interferes in the inferential comprehension of non-literal meanings but also inhibits the development of this skill in subjects affected by it.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Crespo
- Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile.
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Abstract
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different dietary fatty acid profiles on plasma levels of insulin, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), cholesterol, and glucose. Diets with four types of fat (tallow, olive, sunflower, and linseed oils) at an inclusion level of 10% and a basal diet without additional fat were administered to female broiler chickens. Serum insulin, cholesterol, and plasma VLDL were affected by the different treatments; however, glucose concentrations were similar among treatments. In the fasted state, broilers fed diets with sunflower or linseed oil presented lower levels of insulin and cholesterol with respect to those fed tallow or olive oil (P < 0.05). VLDL in the fasted state was reduced in broilers fed sunflower and linseed oils (P < 0.05) with respect to those fed tallow, olive oil, or the basal diet. Plasma levels of VLDL were only significantly correlated with abdominal fat in birds fed the basal diet, in the fed and in the fasted state, and in those fed linseed oil in the fed state (P < 0.05). Results of this experiment suggest that higher insulin levels in broilers fed diets rich in saturated fatty acids could be related to higher fat deposition. Fat deposition in birds fed high fat diets was not correlated with circulating VLDL, which suggested direct dietary fat deposition, except for birds fed linseed oil diets. Although birds fed linseed oil diets presented lower levels of VLDL than those fed tallow, olive oil, or the basal diet, the higher correlation with abdominal fat suggests that in these birds, fat deposition is more dependent on hepatic VLDL secretion, despite the high dietary fat level.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Crespo
- Norel-Nature Nutrición, Lliçà de Vall, Barcelona, Spain 08185
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different dietary fatty acid profiles on efficiency of energy, fat, nitrogen, and fatty acid deposition in broiler chickens. Sixty female broiler chickens were fed a basal diet without additional fat or with 4 other diets with different fats (tallow, olive, sunflower, and linseed oils) at 10% from 28 to 48 d of age. Among broilers fed diets with added fat, those fed linseed oil had less abdominal fat (in grams and percentage) than those fed tallow (P < 0.05). Absorbed fat losses were slightly higher for birds fed linseed oil, and nitrogen efficiency was lower in those fed tallow (P < 0.05). However, there were not significant differences in energy deposition among broilers fed diets with added fat. Fatty acid balance showed the highest values of fatty acid oxidation during the experimental period in broilers fed linseed oil (48.2 g), followed by those fed sunflower oil (23.2 g). Contribution of endogenous fat synthesis to total body fat deposition was minimal in birds fed diets with added fat accounting for 3, 1.2, 8.5, and 7.5 g for broilers fed tallow, olive, sunflower, and linseed oils, respectively. This reflects lipogenesis inhibition by dietary fat addition. Interestingly, between broilers fed diets with added fat, higher values of fatty acids from endogenous synthesis were found in broilers fed diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Results suggest that reduction of abdominal fat in broilers fed linseed oil seems to be a consequence of higher lipid oxidation despite the higher synthesis of endogenous fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Crespo
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Department of Animal Nutrition, Centre de Mas Bove, Reus (Tarragona), Spain
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Crespo N, Esteve-Garcia E. Dietary linseed oil produces lower abdominal fat deposition but higher de novo fatty acid synthesis in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2002; 81:1555-62. [PMID: 12412923 DOI: 10.1093/ps/81.10.1555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous experiments have shown lower abdominal and body fat deposition in broilers fed polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) compared with those fed saturated fatty acids (SFA) or monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). These changes in fat deposition may be related to different rates of lipid synthesis or lipid oxidation. In Experiment 1, in vivo lipogenesis of broilers fed different dietary fatty acid profiles (tallow, sunflower oil, or linseed oil) was investigated. In Experiment 2, liver fatty acid deposition of broilers fed a basal diet (without additional fat) or diets with added tallow, olive oil, sunflower oil, or linseed oil was studied. Results from Experiment 1 showed higher rates of de novo fatty acid synthesis in broilers fed the diet with added linseed oil (P < 0.05), compared with those fed tallow or sunflower oil. In Experiment 2, values of liver-to-dietary-fatty-acid ratios of fatty acids from endogenous synthesis (SFA, n-7 and n-9 fatty acids) were higher in broilers fed linseed oil and the basal diet. Results obtained in both experiments suggest that lower abdominal and body fat deposition of broilers fed PUFA compared with those fed SFA or monounsaturated fatty acids is mainly due to differences in lipid oxidation rates and that the higher in vivo lipogenesis found in broilers fed linseed oil would be another mechanism to dissipate energy, contributing to the lower fat deposition in these birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Crespo
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Department of Animal Nutrition, Centre de Mas Bovr, Reus (Tarragona), Spain
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Khodiguian N, Hawkins SA, Cornwell A, DiCaprio PA, Crespo N. The effects of medium chain triglycerides on high intensity running performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002. [DOI: 10.1097/00005768-200205001-01315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Crespo N, Esteve-Garcia E. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease fat deposition in separable fat depots but not in the remainder carcass. Poult Sci 2002; 81:512-8. [PMID: 11989751 DOI: 10.1093/ps/81.4.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted in order to determine the effect of dietary fatty acid profile on deposition of body fat, carcass fat, and separable fat depots. Diets with four types of fat (tallow, olive, sunflower, and linseed oils) at an inclusion level of 10% were administered to female broiler chickens. In Experiment 1, total body fat, carcass fat (total body fat minus abdominal fat), and abdominal fat (AF) were determined. In Experiment 2, several separable fat depots (abdominal, neck, sartorial, and mesenteric fat) were removed and weighed. In general, the analyzed separable fat depots were reduced in broilers fed sunflower or linseed oils with respect to those fed tallow or olive oil (P < 0.05). Percentages of body and carcass fat were also slightly reduced in birds fed sunflower or linseed oil, with respect to those fed tallow; however, the differences were not statistically significant. Regression analysis showed that body fat, carcass fat, and fat depots variability were closely correlated with AF (R2 = 0.69, 0.56, and 0.81, respectively), except for birds fed tallow, in which abdominal and mesenteric fat showed a different growth pattern with respect to the other treatments and to the other fat depots. These results suggest that polyunsaturated fatty acids reduce fat deposition in separable fat depots with respect to monounsaturated and saturated fats but not in the rest of the body fat depots. The growth pattern of fat depots can be modified by dietary fatty acid profile. Broilers fed saturated fat tend to deposit more fat in abdominal and mesenteric depots.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Crespo
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Department of Animal Nutrition, Centre de Mas Bove, Reus (Tarragona), Spain
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Narbona J, Crespo N. [Developmental amnesias]. Rev Neurol 2002; 34 Suppl 1:S110-4. [PMID: 12447800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The literature on clinical and physiophatologic characteristics of the spectrum of memory disorders in childhood is reviewed in this article. DEVELOPMENT There are only a few detailed reports of permanent specific memory disorders in children. Early anoxo ischaemic bihippocampal injuries can cause a selective permanent impairment of episodic daily life memory with preservation of semantic learning and general intelligence; this dissociation has been related to partial hippocampal damage whilst the entorhinal, parahippocampal and prefrontal cortices, which are critical to systematized memorizing and work memory, keep normal. Biological psychiatry research has shown that early childhood amnesias after psychological maltreatment or abuse could be related to damage in neuronal systems which support memory, caused by glutamatergic cascade. Both severe bilateral hippocampal sclerosis (also mediated by toxic neurotransmitters) in early malignant epilepsies, and massive bilateral damage of mesial temporal lobes due to herpex virus encephalitis or Reye's syndrome, cause severe amnesic deficits, frequently accompanied by absence of any language development and autism with features of Klüver-Bucy syndrome. There are also on record some examples of Korsakoff's syndrome in children with midfossa tumors. CONCLUSIONS All types of classical amnesias described in adults have been observed in children. Developmental amnesias are probably more frequent than currently presumed. It must be paid special attention to selective autobiographical memory impairments in individuals who underwent a partial bihippocampal damage in perinatal or early postnatal periods; they are to be distinguished from, although it may coexist with, other clinical situations such as attention deficit disorder or semantic pragmatic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Narbona
- Unidad de Neurología Pediátrica, Departamento de Pediatría, Universitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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Crespo N, Illnait J, Más R, Fernández L, Fernández J, Castaño G. Comparative study of the efficacy and tolerability of policosanol and lovastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia and noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 2001; 19:117-27. [PMID: 10939029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
This randomized, double-blind study was undertaken to compare the efficacy and tolerability of policosanol (10 mg/day) and lovastatin (20 mg/day) in patients with hypercholesterolemia and noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus. After 6 weeks on a lipid lowering diet, 53 patients were randomized to receive either policosanol or lovastatin tablets that were taken o.i.d. for 12 weeks under double-blind conditions. Both groups were similar at randomization. Policosanol significantly (p < 0.001) lowered low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (20.4%), total cholesterol (14.2%) and the ratio of LDL-cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (23.7%). Lovastatin significantly (p < 0.01) lowered LDL-cholesterol (16.8%), total cholesterol (14.0%) and the ratio (p < 0.05) of LDL-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol (14.9%). Triglyceride levels did not significantly change after therapy. Policosanol, but not lovastatin, significantly increased (p < 0.01) levels of HDL-cholesterol (7.5%). Comparison between groups showed that changes in HDL-cholesterol induced by policosanol were significantly greater (p < 0.01) than those induced by lovastatin. Both treatments were safe and well tolerated. Lovastatin moderately but significantly (p < 0.05) increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase and alkaline phosphatase. Adverse reactions were more frequent in the lovastatin group (p < 0.01) than in the policosanol group. In conclusion, policosanol administered at 10 mg/day produces more advantageous changes in HDL-cholesterol and has a better safety and tolerability profile than lovastatin 20 mg/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Crespo
- Enrique Cabrera Hospital, Havana, Cuba
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Abstract
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different dietary fatty acid profiles on abdominal fat deposition in broilers. Diets with four types of fats (tallow, olive oil, sunflower oil, and linseed oil), at two levels of fat inclusion (either 6 or 10%), were administered to males from 21 to 42 d and to females from 21 to 49 d of age. The sexes were studied separately. Performance parameters, abdominal fat, muscle fat and cholesterol, and fatty acid profile of thigh, breast, and abdominal fat were determined. Broilers fed sunflower and linseed oils presented better values of feed efficiency. Abdominal fat and cholesterol content of thigh muscle were significantly lower in animals fed sunflower and linseed oils than in those fed tallow or olive oil (P < 0.001). In females, abdominal fat increased with level of fat inclusion only in birds fed tallow or olive oil, whereas it remained constant in birds fed sunflower or linseed oil. Muscle fat content was lower for birds fed tallow or olive oil but not significantly. The fatty acid profile of the different tissues reflected dietary fatty acid profile. Monounsaturated fatty acids were higher in abdominal fat, whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids were higher in muscle fat. These results suggest that polyunsaturated fatty acids produce lower abdominal fat deposition than saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Crespo
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentiries, Department of Animal Nutrition, Centre de Mas Bové, Tarragona, Spain
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Crespo N, Illnait J, Más R, Fernández L, Castaño G, Fernández J, Lescay M. Comparative study of the efficacy and tolerability of policosanol (10 mg/d and lovastatin (20 mg/d) on patients with type ii hypercholesterolemia and non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerosis 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(00)81235-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
An experiment was carried out to examine thoroughly the relationships among different n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the diet, their deposition into the eggs' fat, and their effect on hens' laying performance. A diet enriched with 4% fish oil (FO) was fed to the birds throughout the 14-wk laying period (Treatment 1; T1); this was the same oil source that was replaced in proportions of 25, 50, 75, or 100% with four different fat sources, resulting in 17 isocaloric dietary treatments: linseed oil (LO; T2 to T5), rapeseed oil (RO; T6 to T9), sunflower oil (SO; T10 to T13), and tallow (T; T14 to T17). Performance parameters were recorded weekly and analyzed on the basis of the replacing fat source. At the end of the 14-wk experimental period, eggs were collected, and their fatty acid (FA) profile was determined. Performance parameters were not significantly different among grouped treatments. Smaller proportions of FO in diets resulted in lower values of saturated and higher values of n-6 FA contents, regardless of the fat source used when replacing FO. The n-6 content increased mostly because of the rise in linoleic acid (LA), although the level of arachidonic acid (AA) was always higher when FO was completely suppressed. The amount of the different n-3 long-chain PUFA was lower (P < 0.001) when FO was present in lesser proportions in the diet. However, the slope of the decline of these FA changed according to the included fat. Replacing FO with LO resulted in the lowest decline of its derivatives by elongation and desaturation and an increase in the total n-3 FA in the form of linolenic acid (LNA).
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Baucells
- Department de Nutrició Alimentació Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
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Domingo A, González-Barca E, Castellsagué X, Fernandez-Sevilla A, Grañena A, Crespo N, Ferrán C. Expression of adhesion molecules in 113 patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: relationship with clinico-prognostic features. Leuk Res 1997; 21:67-73. [PMID: 9029188 DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(96)00076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is a heterogeneous disease, its clinical and biological behavior possibly being influenced by surface molecules expressed in B-lymphocytes. These molecules mediate cell adhesion, mobility and homing. Expression of surface adhesion molecules of the integrin family (CD11a/CD18 or LFA-1, CD11c/CD18), of the immunoglobulin-related family (CD54), of the selectin family (CD62L or LAM-1) and the lymphocyte homing receptor (CD44) were analyzed in peripheral cells from 113 B-CLL patients. The association with three prognosis-related parameters (Rai stage, bone marrow pattern and doubling time) was determined. The study included only patients with B-CLL lymphocytes of typical morphology, which always expressed CD5 and CD23. Low expression of integrins, particularly CD18, was associated with advanced disease (Rai stages III-IV) and diffuse bone marrow pattern, even after adjusting for other prognosis-related variables. Expression of CD54 was associated independently with rapid doubling time (less than 12 months). The association persisted after adjusting for stage and bone marrow pattern; CD44 was expressed in all patients. No correlations were found between expression of CD62L and the prognostic variables analyzed. In conclusion, CD54 expression and low CD18 expression are both significantly associated with poor prognostic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Domingo
- Department of Haematology, Ciudad Sanitaria y Universitaria Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
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Florensa L, Vallespí T, Woessner S, Domingo A, Crespo N, Rozman M, Aguilar JL, Irriguible D, Zarco A, Millá F, Feliu E. Incidence and characteristics of lymphoid malignancies in untreated myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Lymphoma 1996; 23:609-12. [PMID: 9031093 DOI: 10.3109/10428199609054871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We have analyzed 1,198 patients with untreated myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with two main objectives: (1) to determine the prevalence of lymphoid malignancies (LM) in MDS patients; and (2) to ascertain whether there is some relationship between the MDS subtype and the LM type. In fourteen of 1,198 primary MDS patients (1%) (4 with refractory anemia, 3 with refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts, 2 with refractory anemia with excess of blasts and 5 with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia) a LM was detected. In all cases, the LM was of the B-cell type: 6 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 5 cases of lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma, and 3 cases of multiple myeloma. B-cell malignancy did not prevail in any MDS subtype and no correlation was observed between the different varieties of both diseases. In conclusion, in this large series, 1% of the untreated patients with MDS had B-cell malignancy, an association that in most cases is likely to be merely coincidental.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Florensa
- Department of Hematology, Hospital L'Aliança Barcelona, Spain
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Domingo-Claros A, Alonso E, Aventin A, Petit J, Crespo N, Ponce C, Grañena A. Oligoblastic leukaemia with (8;21) translocation and haemophagocytic syndrome and granulocytic cannibalism. Leuk Res 1996; 20:517-21. [PMID: 8709624 DOI: 10.1016/0145-2126(95)00157-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a 47-year-old man with oligoblastic leukaemia (8;21) translocation, phenomenon of cannibalism by granulocytic cells and haemophagocytic syndrome. The patient responded to intensive chemotherapy with disappearance of haemophagocytosis, granulocytic and histiocytic. We conclude that: (1) granulocytic cannibalism and haemophagocytic syndrome can be unusual myelodysplastic features; (2) the oligoblastic leukaemia with presence of cytogenetic abnormalities related to AML in young patients are probably more close to acute leukaemia than to myelodysplastic syndrome.
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MESH Headings
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8
- Granulocytes/pathology
- Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell/complications
- Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell/genetics
- Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell/pathology
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/complications
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- A Domingo-Claros
- Servicio de Hematologia-Citologia, Hospital de Bellvitge, Universidad de Barcelona, Spain
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Domingo A, Crespo N, Fernandez de Sevilla A, Domenech P, Jordan C, Callis M. Hairy cell leukemia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Leukemia 1992; 6:606-7. [PMID: 1534859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A case of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) presenting as autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AHA) is described. A 40-year-old woman presented with severe hemolytic anemia. The morphological and immunological studies of bone marrow and spleen revealed a hairy cell leukemia. Although autoimmune diseases are a well known complication of HCL this is the first description of AHA as a complication of HCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Domingo
- Department of Hematology, Hospital de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
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Allué L, Domingo A, Moreno A, Crespo N, Marcoval J, Peyrí J. Simultaneous occurrence of cutaneous T cell lymphoma and low-grade B cell lymphoproliferative diseases. A report of two cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 1990; 23:677-81. [PMID: 2121804 DOI: 10.1016/0190-9622(90)70272-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Two previously unreported patients with cutaneous T cell lymphoma associated with systemic low-grade B cell proliferations are presented. The first patient had Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and the second had simultaneous chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The use of immunosuppressive drugs or a genetic predisposition may have contributed to the second malignancy. However, the possibility that malignant helper/inducer T lymphocytes were a factor in the promotion of the proliferation of B cells cannot be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Allué
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
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