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Velescu DR, Marc MS, Traila D, Pescaru CC, Hogea P, Suppini N, Crisan AF, Wellmann N, Oancea C. A Narrative Review of Self-Reported Scales to Evaluate Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients. Medicina (Kaunas) 2024; 60:261. [PMID: 38399548 PMCID: PMC10889932 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent chronic condition that has been associated with mental disorders like depression and anxiety. This study intends to provide a practical overview of the most relevant self-reported and self-rating scales that assess depression and anxiety in OSA patients. Materials and Methods: A search for articles was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Semantic Scholar using a combination of words for obstructive sleep apnea, depression, anxiety, and scales. The tools were ordered by type (screening and rating) and arranged chronologically according to the year of publication. Results: Three scales were identified for assessing depression, which were the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). For rating depression, two scales were discussed: the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), which has three versions (the BDI, the BDI-II, and the Fast Screen (BDI-FS)). For assessing anxiety, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale was identified. Two scales were reviewed for rating anxiety: the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Each scale is accompanied by a brief description of its practicality and psychometric qualities and an analysis of its strengths and limitations. Conclusions: The findings of this review will contribute to the understanding of the importance of assessing mental health comorbidities in the context of OSA, ultimately guiding clinical practice and future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Raluca Velescu
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Monica Steluta Marc
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniel Traila
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Camelia Corina Pescaru
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Patricia Hogea
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Noemi Suppini
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandru Florian Crisan
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Research Center for the Assessment of Human Motion, Functionality and Disability (CEMFD), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Norbert Wellmann
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Cristian Oancea
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.R.V.); (D.T.); (C.C.P.); (P.H.); (N.S.); (A.F.C.); (C.O.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Marc MS, Pescaru CC, Costin EO, Crisan AF, Maritescu A, Pescaru A, Suppini N, Olteanu GE, Traila D, Oancea C, Manolescu D. Large Lung Consolidation: A Rare Presentation of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. Life (Basel) 2023; 14:44. [PMID: 38255660 PMCID: PMC10820389 DOI: 10.3390/life14010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a complex inflammatory disease of uncertain origin, characterized by non-necrotizing epithelioid cell granulomas (NNEGs) affecting multiple organ systems. Although many different clinical and pathological phenotypes can be present, with different organs involved, the lung is the most common site described. In this case report, we (a) present and discuss the broad differential diagnosis of a patient presenting with a solitary lung mass with clinical and imaging features of lung cancer that ultimately was confirmed with a rare manifestation of stage II pulmonary sarcoidosis, and (b) analyze and compare similar cases from the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Steluta Marc
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.S.M.); (N.S.); (G.E.O.); (D.T.); (C.O.)
- Pulmonology Clinic, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonology, “Victor Babes”, Gheorghe Adam Street 13, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (E.O.C.); (A.F.C.); (A.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Camelia Corina Pescaru
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.S.M.); (N.S.); (G.E.O.); (D.T.); (C.O.)
- Pulmonology Clinic, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonology, “Victor Babes”, Gheorghe Adam Street 13, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (E.O.C.); (A.F.C.); (A.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Emanuela Oana Costin
- Pulmonology Clinic, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonology, “Victor Babes”, Gheorghe Adam Street 13, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (E.O.C.); (A.F.C.); (A.M.); (D.M.)
- Connolly Hospital Blanchardstown, Mill Road, Abbottstown, D15 X40D Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alexandru Florian Crisan
- Pulmonology Clinic, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonology, “Victor Babes”, Gheorghe Adam Street 13, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (E.O.C.); (A.F.C.); (A.M.); (D.M.)
- Research Center for the Assessment of Human Motion, Functionality and Disability (CEMFD), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adelina Maritescu
- Pulmonology Clinic, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonology, “Victor Babes”, Gheorghe Adam Street 13, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (E.O.C.); (A.F.C.); (A.M.); (D.M.)
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Andrei Pescaru
- Faculty of General Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Noemi Suppini
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.S.M.); (N.S.); (G.E.O.); (D.T.); (C.O.)
- Pulmonology Clinic, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonology, “Victor Babes”, Gheorghe Adam Street 13, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (E.O.C.); (A.F.C.); (A.M.); (D.M.)
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Gheorghe Emilian Olteanu
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.S.M.); (N.S.); (G.E.O.); (D.T.); (C.O.)
- Center of Expertise for Rare Lung Diseases, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pneumophthisiology “Dr. Victor Babes” Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniel Traila
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.S.M.); (N.S.); (G.E.O.); (D.T.); (C.O.)
- Pulmonology Clinic, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonology, “Victor Babes”, Gheorghe Adam Street 13, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (E.O.C.); (A.F.C.); (A.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Cristian Oancea
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.S.M.); (N.S.); (G.E.O.); (D.T.); (C.O.)
- Pulmonology Clinic, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonology, “Victor Babes”, Gheorghe Adam Street 13, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (E.O.C.); (A.F.C.); (A.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Diana Manolescu
- Pulmonology Clinic, Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonology, “Victor Babes”, Gheorghe Adam Street 13, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (E.O.C.); (A.F.C.); (A.M.); (D.M.)
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Suppini N, Oancea C, Fira-Mladinescu O, Traila D, Pescaru C, Marc MS, Manolescu D, Vastag E, Ali A, Hogea E, Pilut CN. Post-Infection Oscillometry and Pulmonary Metrics in SARS-CoV-2 Patients: A 40-Day Follow-Up Study. Diseases 2023; 11:102. [PMID: 37606473 PMCID: PMC10443293 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11030102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has had significant impacts on pulmonary function. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate pulmonary function and structure in patients 40 days post-SARS-CoV-2 infection, employing an array of testing methodologies including spirometry, plethysmography, forced oscillometry, and CT scanning. It also sought to establish potential correlations between these metrics and evaluate if forced oscillometry could provide additional value in post-infective lung function assessment. A 40-day post-infection follow-up observational study was conducted involving 66 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results revealed decreases in FVC and FEF25-75 with the increasing severity of COVID-19. Specifically, patients with severe symptoms exhibited statistically significant decreases in FVC (mean = 86.8) compared with those with mild symptoms (mean = 106.0; p = 0.018). The FEF25-75 showed a similar trend, with severe patients exhibiting a mean of 77.7 compared with 82.9 in the mild group (p = 0.017). Furthermore, resonant frequency (RF) increased with disease severity, with the severe group exhibiting a statistically significant increase (mean = 17.4) compared with the mild group (mean = 14.3; p = 0.042). CT scans showed an increase in ground-glass opacities with disease severity, with 81.8% of severe patients demonstrating this finding (p = 0.037). Multiple regression analysis revealed that Reactance at 4 Hz (X4), Forced Expiratory Flow 25-75% (FEF25-75), and Resonant Frequency (RF) were significantly related to COVID-19 severity. Specifically, for each unit increase in these factors, the risk of the event was estimated to increase by a factor of 3.16, 2.09, and 1.90, respectively. Conversely, Resistance at 4 Hz (R4) and Airway Resistance (RAW) were found to significantly decrease the event hazard, highlighting their potential protective role. Spirometry, plethysmography, and forced oscillometry are effective in assessing these changes. Forced oscillometry may be particularly beneficial in identifying subtle changes in lung function post-COVID-19. Further studies are warranted to validate these findings and develop strategies to manage post-infective pulmonary changes in SARS-CoV-2 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Suppini
- Discipline of Pulmonology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Doctoral School, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristian Oancea
- Discipline of Pulmonology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Fira-Mladinescu
- Discipline of Pulmonology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniel Traila
- Discipline of Pulmonology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Camelia Pescaru
- Discipline of Pulmonology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Monica Steluta Marc
- Discipline of Pulmonology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Diana Manolescu
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Emanuela Vastag
- Discipline of Pulmonology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ayesha Ali
- Bhaskar Medical College, Amdapur Road 156-162, Hyderabad 500075, Telangana State, India
| | - Elena Hogea
- Department of Microbiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ciprian Nicolae Pilut
- Department of Microbiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Suppini N, Fira-Mladinescu O, Traila D, Motofelea AC, Marc MS, Manolescu D, Vastag E, Maganti RK, Oancea C. Longitudinal Analysis of Pulmonary Function Impairment One Year Post-COVID-19: A Single-Center Study. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1190. [PMID: 37623441 PMCID: PMC10455572 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13081190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent pulmonary impairment post-COVID-19 has been reported, albeit variably. This single-center observational study aims to longitudinally evaluate pulmonary function in 140 COVID-19 survivors one year after recovery, assessing associations with disease severity and pre-existing lung conditions. Participants aged 18 and older, with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, were evaluated using spirometry and Diffusion Capacity of Lungs for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO) tests. Pulmonary function parameters like Forced Expiratory Volume at 1 s (FEV1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), and Total Lung Capacity (TLC) were measured. Participants were stratified by age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, and lung damage severity via computed tomography (CT). The cohort consisted of mostly males (58.6%), with a mean age of 53.8 years and body mass index of 24.9 kg/m2. Post-COVID fibrosis was seen in 22.7%, 27.3%, and 51.9% of mild, moderate, and severe disease patients, respectively (p = 0.003). FVC significantly reduced with disease severity (p < 0.001), while FEV1, FEF25-75, and DLCO showed a non-significant downward trend. FEV1/FVC ratio increased with disease severity (p = 0.033), and TLC and RV significantly declined (p = 0.023 and p = 0.003, respectively). A one-year follow-up indicated a non-significant change in FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio, FEF25-75, and RV compared with the 40-day measurement, but it revealed significant improvements in DLCO and TLC (p = 0.010). There were significant mean increases in FVC, FEV1, DLCO, TLC, and RV across all disease severities over one year. They were most pronounced in the patients with a history of severe COVID-19, who had a better recovery over one year, compared with the mild and moderate COVID-19 patients whose lung function almost normalized. One year after the SARS-CoV-2 infection, we observed a significant association between disease severity and post-COVID fibrotic changes. Though some lung function parameters remained stable over the year, significant improvements were noted in DLCO and TLC. Particularly, individuals with severe disease showed substantial recovery in lung function, indicating the potential reversibility of COVID-19-related pulmonary damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Suppini
- Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (N.S.); (D.T.); (M.S.M.); (E.V.); (C.O.)
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.M.); (D.M.)
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Fira-Mladinescu
- Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (N.S.); (D.T.); (M.S.M.); (E.V.); (C.O.)
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Daniel Traila
- Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (N.S.); (D.T.); (M.S.M.); (E.V.); (C.O.)
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Alexandru Catalin Motofelea
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Monica Steluta Marc
- Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (N.S.); (D.T.); (M.S.M.); (E.V.); (C.O.)
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Diana Manolescu
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.M.); (D.M.)
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Emanuela Vastag
- Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (N.S.); (D.T.); (M.S.M.); (E.V.); (C.O.)
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Ram Kiran Maganti
- School of General Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Karnataka 563103, India;
| | - Cristian Oancea
- Discipline of Pulmonology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (N.S.); (D.T.); (M.S.M.); (E.V.); (C.O.)
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.M.); (D.M.)
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Pescaru CC, Marc MS, Costin EO, Pescaru A, Trusculescu AA, Maritescu A, Suppini N, Oancea CI. Massive Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum-A Form of Presentation for Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58111525. [PMID: 36363482 PMCID: PMC9692548 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
For COVID-19 pneumonia, many manifestations such as fever, dyspnea, dry cough, anosmia and tiredness have been described, but differences have been observed from person to person according to age, pulmonary function, damage and severity. In clinical practice, it has been found that patients with severe forms of infection with COVID-19 develop serious complications, including pneumomediastinum. Although two years have passed since the beginning of the pandemic with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the COVID-19 infection, there are also unknown factors that contribute to the evolution of the disease and can lead to the emergence some complications. In this case report, we present a patient with COVID-19 infection who developed a massive spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema during hospitalization, with no pre-existing lung pathology and no history of smoking. The patient did not get mechanical ventilation or chest trauma, but the possible cause could be severe alveolar inflammation. The CT results highlighted pneumonia in context with SARS-CoV-2 infection affecting about 50% of the pulmonary area. During hospitalization, lung lesions evolved 80% pulmonary damage associated with pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. After three months, the patient completely recovered and the pneumomediastinum fully recovered with the complete disappearance of the lesions. Pneumomediastinum is a severe and rare complication in COVID-19 pneumonia, especially in male patients, without risk factors, and an early diagnosis can increase the chances of survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Corina Pescaru
- Pulmonology Department, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Monica Steluța Marc
- Pulmonology Department, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Emanuela Oana Costin
- Pulmonology Department, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Andrei Pescaru
- ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ana-Adriana Trusculescu
- Pulmonology Department, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adelina Maritescu
- Pulmonology Department, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Noemi Suppini
- Pulmonology Department, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristian Iulian Oancea
- Pulmonology Department, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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