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Durand‐Bessart C, Cordeiro NJ, Chapman CA, Abernethy K, Forget P, Fontaine C, Bretagnolle F. Trait matching and sampling effort shape the structure of the frugivory network in Afrotropical forests. New Phytol 2023; 237:1446-1462. [PMID: 36377098 PMCID: PMC10108259 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Frugivory in tropical forests is a major ecological process as most tree species rely on frugivores to disperse their seeds. However, the underlying mechanisms driving frugivore-plant networks remain understudied. Here, we evaluate the data available on the Afrotropical frugivory network to identify structural properties, as well as assess knowledge gaps. We assembled a database of frugivory interactions from the literature with > 10 000 links, between 807 tree and 285 frugivore species. We analysed the network structure using a block model that groups species with similar interaction patterns and estimates interaction probabilities among them. We investigated the species traits related to this grouping structure. This frugivory network was simplified into 14 tree and 14 frugivore blocks. The block structure depended on the sampling effort among species: Large mammals were better-studied, while smaller frugivores were the least studied. Species traits related to frugivory were strong predictors of the species composition of blocks and interactions among them. Fruits from larger trees were consumed by most frugivores, and large frugivores had higher probabilities to consume larger fruits. To conclude, this large-scale frugivory network was mainly structured by species traits involved in frugivory, and as expected by the distribution areas of species, while still being limited by sampling incompleteness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Durand‐Bessart
- Biogeosciences, UMR 6282Université Bourgogne Franche Comte‐CNRS21000DijonFrance
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la ConservationCESCO, UMR 7204, MNHN‐CNRS‐SU75005ParisFrance
| | - Norbert J. Cordeiro
- Department of Biology (mc WB 816)Roosevelt University430 S. Michigan AvenueChicagoIL60605USA
- Science & EducationThe Field Museum1400 S. Lake Shore DriveChicagoIL60605USA
| | - Colin A. Chapman
- Wilson Center1300 Pennsylvania Avenue NWWashingtonDC20004USA
- Department of AnthropologyCenter for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC20037USA
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalScottsville3201PietermaritzburgSouth Africa
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal ConservationNorthwest University710069Xi'anChina
| | - Katharine Abernethy
- African Forest Ecology Group, School of Natural SciencesUniversity of StirlingStirlingFK9 4LAUK
- Institut de Recherches en Ecologie TropicaleCENARESTGros Bouquet2144LibrevilleGabon
| | - Pierre‐Michel Forget
- Muséum National d'Histoire NaturelleUMR 7179 MECADEV CNRS‐MNHN1 Avenue du Petit Château91800BrunoyFrance
| | - Colin Fontaine
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la ConservationCESCO, UMR 7204, MNHN‐CNRS‐SU75005ParisFrance
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2
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Cordeiro NJ, Rovero F, Msuha MJ, Nowak K, Bianchi A, Jones T. Two ant‐following bird species forage with three giant sengi (
Rhynchocyon
) species in East Africa. Biotropica 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Norbert J. Cordeiro
- Department of Biology (mc WB816) Roosevelt University Chicago Illinois USA
- Science & Education The Field Museum Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Francesco Rovero
- Department of Biology University of Florence Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | | | - Katarzyna Nowak
- Białowieża Geobotanical Station Faculty of Biology University of Warsaw Białowieża Poland
| | - Andrea Bianchi
- PAMS Foundation Baselga di Pinè Italy
- MUSE ‐ Museo delle Scienze Trento Italy
| | - Trevor Jones
- Southern Tanzania Elephant Program Iringa Tanzania
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3
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Ndangalasi HJ, Martínez-Garza C, Harjo TCA, Pedigo CA, Wilson RJ, Cordeiro NJ. Seedling recruitment under isolated trees in a tea plantation provides a template for forest restoration in eastern Africa. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250859. [PMID: 33956837 PMCID: PMC8101954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural regeneration is less expensive than tree planting, but determining what species will arrive and establish to serve as templates for tropical forest restoration remains poorly investigated in eastern Africa. This study summarises seedling recruitment under 29 isolated legacy trees (14 trees comprised of three exotic species and 15 trees comprised of seven native species) in tea plantations in the East Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. Among the findings were that pioneer recruits were very abundant whereas non-pioneers were disproportionately fewer. Importantly, 98% of all recruits were animal-dispersed. The size of legacy trees, driven mostly by the exotic Grevillea robusta, and to some extent, the native Milicia excelsa, explained abundance of recruits. The distribution of bird-dispersed recruits suggested that some bird species use all types of legacy trees equally in this fragmented landscape. In contrast, the distribution of bat-dispersed recruits provided strong evidence that seedling composition differed under native versus exotic legacy trees likely due to fruit bats showing more preference for native legacy trees. Native, as compared to exotic legacy trees, had almost two times more non-pioneer recruits, with Ficus and Milicia excelsa driving this trend. Implications of our findings regarding restoration in the tropics are numerous for the movement of native animal-dispersed tree species in fragmented and disturbed tropical forests surrounded by farmland. Isolated native trees that bear fleshy fruits can attract more frugivores, resulting not only in high recruitment under them, but depending on the dispersal mode of the legacy trees, also different suites of recruited species. When selecting tree species for plantings, to maximize visitation by different dispersal agents and to enhance seedling recruit diversity, bat-dispersed Milicia excelsa and Ficus species are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Martínez-Garza
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Tesakiah C. A. Harjo
- Department of Biology, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Clayton A. Pedigo
- Department of Biology, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Rebecca J. Wilson
- Department of Biology, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Norbert J. Cordeiro
- Department of Biology, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Negaunee Integrative Research, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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4
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Zambrano J, Cordeiro NJ, Garzon-Lopez C, Yeager L, Fortunel C, Ndangalasi HJ, Beckman NG. Investigating the direct and indirect effects of forest fragmentation on plant functional diversity. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235210. [PMID: 32614922 PMCID: PMC7331995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ongoing habitat loss and fragmentation alter the functional diversity of forests. Generalising the magnitude of change in functional diversity of fragmented landscapes and its drivers is challenging because of the multiple scales at which landscape fragmentation takes place. Here we propose a multi-scale approach to determine whether fragmentation processes at the local and landscape scales are reducing functional diversity of trees in the East Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. We employ a structural equation modelling approach using five key plant traits (seed length, dispersal mode, shade tolerance, maximum tree height, and wood density) to better understand the functional responses of trees to fragmentation at multiple scales. Our results suggest both direct and indirect effects of forest fragmentation on tree functional richness, evenness and divergence. A reduction in fragment area appears to exacerbate the negative effects resulting from an increased amount of edge habitat and loss of shape complexity, further reducing richness and evenness of traits related to resource acquisition and favouring tree species with fast growth. As anthropogenic disturbances affect forests around the world, we advocate to include the direct and indirect effects of forest fragmentation processes to gain a better understanding of shifts in functional diversity that can inform future management efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Zambrano
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Norbert J. Cordeiro
- Department of Biology (mc WB 816), Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Carol Garzon-Lopez
- Grupo de Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lauren Yeager
- Department of Marine Science, University of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Claire Fortunel
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- AMAP (botAnique et Modélisation de l’Architecture des Plantes et des végétations), Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Noelle G. Beckman
- Department of Biology & Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, United States of America
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5
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Zambrano J, Garzon-Lopez CX, Yeager L, Fortunel C, Cordeiro NJ, Beckman NG. The effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on plant functional traits and functional diversity: what do we know so far? Oecologia 2019; 191:505-518. [PMID: 31515618 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04505-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Habitat loss and fragmentation result in significant landscape changes that ultimately affect plant diversity and add uncertainty to how natural areas will respond to future global change. This uncertainty is important given that the loss of biodiversity often includes losing key ecosystem functions. Few studies have explored the effects of landscape changes on plant functional diversity and evidence so far has shown far more pervasive effects than previously reported by species richness and composition studies. Here we present a review on the impact of habitat loss and fragmentation on (1) individual functional traits-related to persistence, dispersal and establishment-and (2) functional diversity. We also discuss current knowledge gaps and propose ways forward. From the literature review we found that studies have largely focused on dispersal traits, strongly impacted by habitat loss and fragmentation, while traits related to persistence were the least studied. Furthermore, most studies did not distinguish habitat loss from spatial fragmentation and were conducted at the plot or fragment-level, which taken together limits the ability to generalize the scale-dependency of landscape changes on plant functional diversity. For future work, we recommend (1) clearly distinguishing the effects of habitat loss from those of fragmentation, and (2) recognizing the scale-dependency of predicted responses when functional diversity varies in time and space. We conclude that a clear understanding of the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on functional diversity will improve predictions of the resiliency and resistance of plant communities to varying scales of disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Zambrano
- The School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
| | - Carol X Garzon-Lopez
- Grupo de Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 #18A-12, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lauren Yeager
- Department of Marine Science, University of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, TX, 78373, USA
| | - Claire Fortunel
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,AMAP (botAnique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des végétations), IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Norbert J Cordeiro
- Department of Biology (mc WB 816), Roosevelt University, 425 S. Wabash Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60605, USA.,Science and Education, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lakeshore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60605, USA
| | - Noelle G Beckman
- Department of Biology and Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
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Adamescu GS, Plumptre AJ, Abernethy KA, Polansky L, Bush ER, Chapman CA, Shoo LP, Fayolle A, Janmaat KRL, Robbins MM, Ndangalasi HJ, Cordeiro NJ, Gilby IC, Wittig RM, Breuer T, Hockemba MB, Sanz CM, Morgan DB, Pusey AE, Mugerwa B, Gilagiza B, Tutin C, Ewango CEN, Sheil D, Dimoto E, Baya F, Bujo F, Ssali F, Dikangadissi J, Jeffery K, Valenta K, White L, Masozera M, Wilson ML, Bitariho R, Ndolo Ebika ST, Gourlet‐Fleury S, Mulindahabi F, Beale CM. Annual cycles are the most common reproductive strategy in African tropical tree communities. Biotropica 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew J. Plumptre
- Wildlife Conservation Society 2300 Southern Boulevard Bronx NY 10460 USA
- Conservation Science Group Department of Zoology Cambridge University Pembroke Rd Cambridge UK
| | - Katharine A. Abernethy
- Biological and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Stirling Stirling FK9 4LA UK
- Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale CENAREST BP 842 Libreville Gabon
| | - Leo Polansky
- Department of Primatology Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig Deutscher Platz 6 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Emma R. Bush
- Biological and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Stirling Stirling FK9 4LA UK
| | - Colin A. Chapman
- Department of Anthropology and McGill School of Environment McGill University Montreal QC H3A 2A7 Canada
- Wildlife Conservation Society Bronx NY 10460 USA
| | - Luke P. Shoo
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Adeline Fayolle
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center Gembloux Agro‐Bio Tech Liège University Passage des Déportés 2 5030 Gembloux Belgium
| | - Karline R. L. Janmaat
- Department of Primatology Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig Deutscher Platz 6 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam Amsterdam 1012 WX the Netharlands
| | - Martha M. Robbins
- Department of Primatology Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig Deutscher Platz 6 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Henry J. Ndangalasi
- Department of Botany University of Dar es Salaam PO Box 35060 Dar es Salaam Tanzania
| | - Norbert J. Cordeiro
- Department of Biology Roosevelt University 430 Michigan Ave Chicago IL 60605 USA
- Science and Education, The Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr Chicago IL 60605 USA
| | - Ian C. Gilby
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 USA
| | - Roman M. Wittig
- Department of Primatology Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig Deutscher Platz 6 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Taï Chimpanzee Project Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques BP 1303, Abidjan 01 Ivory Coast West Africa
| | - Thomas Breuer
- Wildlife Conservation Society 2300 Southern Boulevard Bronx NY 10460 USA
- Mbeli Bai Study, Wildlife Conservation Society – Congo Program 151 Avenue Charles de Gaulle 14537 Brazzaville Republic of Congo
| | | | - Crickette M. Sanz
- Department of Anthropology Washington University in St. Louis 1 Brookings Drive Saint Louis MO 63130 USA
- Congo Program Wildlife Conservation Society 151 Avenue de Gaulle Brazzaville Republic of Congo
| | - David B. Morgan
- Lester E. Fisher Center for the Study and Conservation of Apes Lincoln Park Zoo, 2001 North Clark Street Chicago IL 60614 USA
| | - Anne E. Pusey
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology Duke University Durham NC USA
| | - Badru Mugerwa
- Institute of Tropical Forest Conservation (ITFC) PO BOX 44 Kabale Uganda
| | | | - Caroline Tutin
- Biological and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Stirling Stirling FK9 4LA UK
| | | | - Douglas Sheil
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Ås NO‐1432 Norway
| | - Edmond Dimoto
- Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux (ANPN) B.P. 20379 Libreville Gabon
| | - Fidèle Baya
- Ministère des Eaux, Forêts, Chasse et Pêche BP 3314 Bangui Central African Republic
| | - Flort Bujo
- Wildlife Conservation Society 2300 Southern Boulevard Bronx NY 10460 USA
| | - Fredrick Ssali
- Institute of Tropical Forest Conservation (ITFC) PO BOX 44 Kabale Uganda
| | | | - Kathryn Jeffery
- Biological and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Stirling Stirling FK9 4LA UK
- Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux (ANPN) B.P. 20379 Libreville Gabon
| | - Kim Valenta
- Department of Anthropology and McGill School of Environment McGill University Montreal QC H3A 2A7 Canada
- Wildlife Conservation Society Bronx NY 10460 USA
| | - Lee White
- Biological and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Stirling Stirling FK9 4LA UK
- Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale CENAREST BP 842 Libreville Gabon
- Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux (ANPN) B.P. 20379 Libreville Gabon
| | - Michel Masozera
- Wildlife Conservation Society 2300 Southern Boulevard Bronx NY 10460 USA
| | - Michael L. Wilson
- Department of Anthropology University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55454 USA
- Department of Ecology, Evolution& Behavior University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55108 USA
| | - Robert Bitariho
- Institute of Tropical Forest Conservation (ITFC) PO BOX 44 Kabale Uganda
| | - Sydney T. Ndolo Ebika
- Initiative des Champignons et des Plantes du Congo (ICPC) B.P. 2300 Brazzaville Republic of Congo
| | | | - Felix Mulindahabi
- Wildlife Conservation Society 2300 Southern Boulevard Bronx NY 10460 USA
| | - Colin M. Beale
- Department of Biology University of York Wentworth Way York YO10 5DD UK
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Dulle HI, Ferger SW, Cordeiro NJ, Howell KM, Schleuning M, Böhning-Gaese K, Hof C. Changes in abundances of forest understorey birds on Africa's highest mountain suggest subtle effects of climate change. DIVERS DISTRIB 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hamadi I. Dulle
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F); Senckenberganlage 25 60325 Frankfurt Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences; Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity; Goethe University; Max-von-Laue-Straße 13 60438 Frankfurt Germany
- The College of African Wildlife Management, Mweka; PO Box 3031 Moshi Tanzania
| | - Stefan W. Ferger
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F); Senckenberganlage 25 60325 Frankfurt Germany
| | - Norbert J. Cordeiro
- Department of Biology, Chemical and Physical Sciences; Roosevelt University; 430 S. Michigan Ave Chicago IL 60605 USA
- Science and Education; The Field Museum; 1400 South Lake Shore Drive Chicago IL 60605 USA
| | - Kim M. Howell
- Department of Zoology and Wildlife Conservation; University of Dar-es-Salaam; Box 35064 Dar-es-Salaam Tanzania
| | - Matthias Schleuning
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F); Senckenberganlage 25 60325 Frankfurt Germany
| | - Katrin Böhning-Gaese
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F); Senckenberganlage 25 60325 Frankfurt Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences; Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity; Goethe University; Max-von-Laue-Straße 13 60438 Frankfurt Germany
| | - Christian Hof
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F); Senckenberganlage 25 60325 Frankfurt Germany
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Mathew MM, Munjuga MR, Cordeiro NJ, Coe R, Ofori DA, Simons AJ, Sawe CT, Jamnadass R. Early survival and growth ofAllanblackia stuhlmannii(Clusiaceae): a threatened tropical rainforest tree of high economic value in Tanzania. Afr J Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Norbert J. Cordeiro
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Physical Sciences; Roosevelt University; 430 S. Michigan Avenue Chicago IL 60605 U.S.A
- Departments of Botany and Zoology; The Field Museum; Chicago IL 60605 U.S.A
| | - Richard Coe
- World Agroforestry Centre; PO Box 30677 Nairobi Kenya
| | | | | | - Corodius T. Sawe
- Forestry and Beekeeping Division; PO Box 426 Dar es Salaam Tanzania
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9
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Roche KN, Piorkowski JM, Sanyaolu RA, Cordeiro NJ. Vertical distribution of fruit-feeding butterflies with evidence of sex-specific differences in a Tanzanian forest. Afr J Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen N. Roche
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Physical Sciences; Roosevelt University; 430 S. Michigan Avenue Chicago IL 60605 U.S.A
| | - Jill M. Piorkowski
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Physical Sciences; Roosevelt University; 430 S. Michigan Avenue Chicago IL 60605 U.S.A
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology; Auburn University; 301 Funchess Hall Auburn AL 36849 U.S.A
| | - Rasheed A. Sanyaolu
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Physical Sciences; Roosevelt University; 430 S. Michigan Avenue Chicago IL 60605 U.S.A
| | - Norbert J. Cordeiro
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Physical Sciences; Roosevelt University; 430 S. Michigan Avenue Chicago IL 60605 U.S.A
- Science and Education; The Field Museum; 1400 Lake Shore Drive Chicago IL 60605 U.S.A
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10
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Khan NF, Murdoch KC, Feldheim KA, Marks BD, Cordeiro NJ. Isolation and development of microsatellite loci in an African Woodpecker (Campethera nivosa) using polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:201. [PMID: 26025432 PMCID: PMC4449581 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1165-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Buff-spotted Woodpecker (Campethera nivosa) is a resident bird species that is distributed in lowland rainforest habitats from western to eastern Africa. We developed species-specific microsatellite markers to examine the population genetics of this species. FINDINGS Twenty-one microsatellite loci were isolated from C. nivosa. Of these, 15 were found to amplify consistently. These loci were then tested for variability in 15 individuals from different lowland forest localities. The number of alleles ranged from 3 to 13 per locus, with observed and expected heterozygosity ranging from 0.100 to 0.917 and 0.485 to 0.901, respectively. Four loci exhibited significant heterozygote deficiency while one had an excess of heterozygotes. None of the loci exhibited linkage disequilibrium. CONCLUSION These polymorphic microsatellite markers will be used to study genetic variability in populations of C. nivosa across either sides of the Congo River to evaluate the effect of the river as a barrier to gene flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nausheen F Khan
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Roosevelt University, 430S Michigan Ave, Chicago, USA.
| | - Kellie C Murdoch
- Pritzker Laboratory for Molecular Systematics and Evolution, Integrative Research Center, Field Museum, 1400 S Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, USA. .,Gantz Family Collections Center, Field Museum, 1400 S Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, USA.
| | - Kevin A Feldheim
- Pritzker Laboratory for Molecular Systematics and Evolution, Integrative Research Center, Field Museum, 1400 S Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, USA.
| | - Ben D Marks
- Gantz Family Collections Center, Field Museum, 1400 S Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, USA.
| | - Norbert J Cordeiro
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Roosevelt University, 430S Michigan Ave, Chicago, USA. .,Pritzker Laboratory for Molecular Systematics and Evolution, Integrative Research Center, Field Museum, 1400 S Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, USA.
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11
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Seltzer CE, Kremer CT, Ndangalasi HJ, Cordeiro NJ. Seed harvesting of a threatened African tree dispersed by rodents: Is enrichment planting a solution? Glob Ecol Conserv 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henry J. Ndangalasi
- Department of Botany; University of Dar es Salaam; P.O. Box 35060; Dar es Salaam; Tanzania
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Abstract
Forest fragmentation may have positive or negative effects on tropical tree populations. Our earlier study of an endemic African tree, Leptonychia usambarensis (Sterculiaceae), in the East Usambara Mountains of Tanzania, found poorer recruitment of seedlings and juveniles in small fragments compared to continuous forest, and concomitant reduction of seed-dispersal agents and seed dispersal. However, the possibility that other biotic or abiotic consequences of the fragmentation process contribute to diminished recruitment in fragments was left open. Here we test whether excessive seed predation, diminished fecundity, low seed quality, or adverse abiotic effects acted independently or in concert with reduced seed dispersal to limit seedling and juvenile recruitment in fragments. Extended observations of disperser activity, a seed placement experiment, seed predator censuses, and reciprocal seedling transplants from forest and fragment sources failed to support the alternative hypotheses for poorer seedling and juvenile recruitment in fragments, leaving reduced seed dispersal as the most plausible mechanism. Poorer recruitment of this species in forest fragments, where high edge-to-area ratios admit more light than in continuous forest, is particularly striking because the tree is an early successional species that might be expected to thrive in disturbed microhabitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert J Cordeiro
- Department of Botany, Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605, USA.
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14
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Cordeiro NJ, Feldheim KA, Ikejimba E, Ndangalasi HJ. Microsatellite loci for two East African tree species, Leptonychia usambarensis (Sterculiaceae) and Sorindeia madagascariensis (Anacardiaceae). Mol Ecol Resour 2008; 8:1313-5. [PMID: 21586031 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02288.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We isolated 20 trinucleotide microsatellites from two African tree species: Sorindeia madagascariensis (nine microsatellites) and Leptonychia usambarensis (11 microsatellites). Number of alleles ranged from three to seven in Sorindeia and two to 10 in Leptonychia. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.025 to 0.829 for Sorindeia and from 0.226 to 0.933 for Leptonychia. Two loci from each species departed from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. These microsatellite markers will be used to study how forest fragmentation affects pollination and seed dispersal processes of these tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Cordeiro
- Departments of Botany and Zoology, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, USA, Pritzker Laboratory for Molecular Systematics and Evolution, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, USA, Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy, Aurora, IL 60506, USA, Botany Department, University of Dar es Salaam, PO Box 35060, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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Cordeiro NJ, Seddon N, Capper DR, Ekstrom JMM, Howell KM, Isherwood IS, Msuya CAM, Mushi JT, Perkin AW, Pople RG, Stanley WT. NOTES ON THE ECOLOGY AND STATUS OF SOME FOREST MAMMALS IN FOUR EASTERN ARC MOUNTAINS, TANZANIA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.2982/0012-8317(2005)94[175:noteas]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Cordeiro NJ, Howe HF. Forest fragmentation severs mutualism between seed dispersers and an endemic African tree. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100:14052-6. [PMID: 14614145 PMCID: PMC283544 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2331023100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2003] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Because bird species are lost when forests are fragmented into small parcels, trees that depend on fruit-eating birds for seed dispersal may fail to recruit seedlings if dispersal agents disappear. We tested this prediction in rainforest in the East Usambara Mountains of Tanzania, by using the endemic tree Leptonychia usambarensis (Sterculiaceae) and birds that disperse its seeds. We investigated bird abundance and Leptonychia dispersal ecology in fragments isolated for >70 yr, as compared with 3,500 ha of continuous forest. Birds that dispersed Leptonychia seeds in continuous forest were rare or absent in small fragments, where fewer seeds were removed from each tree, far fewer seedlings occurred >10 m from parent trees, and far more seedlings occurred in dense aggregations under parental crowns. Overall, our samples showed that fewer juvenile Leptonychia recruited in fragments than in continuous forest. We provide solid evidence that deficient dispersal due to habitat fragmentation seriously impacts the reproductive cycle of a tropical bird-dispersed tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert J Cordeiro
- Department of Biological Sciences (MC 066), University of Illinois, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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Nirmalan N, Cordeiro NJ, Kläger SL, Bradley JE, Allen JE. Comparative analysis of glycosylated and nonglycosylated filarial homologues of the 20-kilodalton retinol binding protein from Onchocerca volvulus (Ov20). Infect Immun 1999; 67:6329-34. [PMID: 10569745 PMCID: PMC97037 DOI: 10.1128/iai.67.12.6329-6334.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ov20 is a structurally novel 20-kDa retinol binding protein secreted by Onchocerca volvulus. Immunological and biological investigation of this protein has been hampered by the inability to maintain O. volvulus in a laboratory setting. In an effort to find a system more amenable to laboratory investigation, we have cloned, sequenced, and expressed cDNA encoding homologues of Ov20 from two closely related filarial species, Brugia malayi (Bm20) and Acanthocheilonema viteae (Av20). Sequence comparisons have highlighted differences in glycosylation of the homologues. We present here an analysis of mouse immune responses to Ov20, Bm20, and Av20. The results suggest a strong genetic restriction in response to native Bm20 that is overcome when recombinant, nonnative material is used. Reactivity of human filarial sera to the three recombinant proteins confirmed previous specificity studies with Ov20 but highlighted important differences in the reactivity patterns of the O. volvulus and B. malayi homologues that may be due to differences in glycosylation patterns. Ov20 is a dominant antigen in infected individuals, while Bm20 is not. The availability of the B. malayi homologue enabled us to use defined murine reagents and inbred strains for genetic analysis of responsiveness in a way that is not possible for Ov20. However, the close sequence similarity between Ov20 and Av20 suggests that the A. viteae model may be more suited to the investigation of the biological functions of Ov20.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Nirmalan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, United Kingdom
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Cordeiro NJ. Behaviour of Blue Monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis) in the Presence of Crowned Eagles (Stephanoaetus coronatus). Folia Primatol (Basel) 1992. [DOI: 10.1159/000156660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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