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Al-Mekhlafi ABA, Isha ASN, Al-Quraishi MS, Kanwal N. Implementation of a psychomotor vigilance test to investigate the effects of driving fatigue on oil and gas truck drivers' performance. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1160317. [PMID: 37869200 PMCID: PMC10585142 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1160317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Driving fatigue has been shown to increase the risk of accidents and potentially fatal crashes. Fatigue is a serious risk that some drivers do not take seriously. Previous studies investigated the effects of driving fatigue in the Malaysian oil and gas transportation industry by employing survey questionnaires. However, they did not explain the behavior of fatigue. Besides, these results required validation by a more reliable method that can describe how fatigue occurs. Methods Thus, in this study, we used the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT-192) and a short survey to address driving fatigue behavior and identify the influences of driving fatigue on driving performance in real life (on the road) with actual oil and gas tanker drivers. The total participants in the experimental study were 58 drivers. Results For the analysis, a Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, Z value and Spearman's rho were used to measure the significant difference between the pre and post-tests of PVT and the correlation between the fatigue variables and driving performance. Discussion During the experiment's first and second days, this study's results indicated that driving fatigue gradually escalated. Likewise, there was a negative correlation based on the test of the relationship between the PVT data and the driving performance survey data. Additionally, the drivers suffer from accumulative fatigue, which requires more effort from the transportation company management to promote the drivers awareness of fatigue consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmad Shahrul Nizam Isha
- Department of Management & Humanities, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Maged S. Al-Quraishi
- Faculty of Engineering, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
- Centre for Digital Home, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
| | - Noreen Kanwal
- Department of Management, Sunway Business School, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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Al-Mekhlafi ABA, Isha ASN, Abdulrab M, Ajmal M, Kanwal N. Moderating effect of safety culture on the association inter work schedule and driving performance using the theory of situation awareness. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11289. [PMID: 36353165 PMCID: PMC9638756 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The adverse effects of work schedule on driving performance are relatively common. Therefore, it is necessary to fully understand an organisation's safety culture to improve driver performance in order to avoid road crashes. This study aims to investigate the moderating role of safety culture in the relationship between driver work schedules and driving performance. The study developed a conceptual framework based on the literature review of existing studies, which is supported by situation awareness theory that explains the model's relationships and supports the study's hypotheses. Three hundred four questionnaires were collected from oil and gas truck drivers then Structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to test the study hypotheses. Derived from the findings, the outer loading for all items was above the threshold of 0.70 unless two items were deleted. The latent exogenous variables of safety culture and work schedule explained 59.1% of driving performance. Besides, work schedule and safety culture significantly impact driving performance. In addition, the results show that safety culture moderates the unfavourable work schedule impact on driving performance with an effect size of 23%. Therefore, this study showed strong evidence that safety culture acts as a critical moderator in reducing the negative impact of work schedule on driving performance in the energy transportation sector. Drivers with high safety culture can manage and reduce the effect of work schedule disorder on driving performance through their safety attitude and patterns compared to those drivers with low safety culture. Consequently, the improvement in driving performance will be noticed among drivers with a high awareness of safety culture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmad Shahrul Nizam Isha
- Department of Management & Humanities, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610 Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Abdulrab
- Management Department, Community College of Qatar, Doha 00974, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Ajmal
- Department of Management & Humanities, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610 Perak, Malaysia
| | - Noreen Kanwal
- Department of Management & Humanities, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610 Perak, Malaysia
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Kanwal N, Isha ASN. The Moderating Effects of Social Media Activities on the Relationship Between Effort-Reward Imbalance and Health and Wellbeing: A Case Study of the Oil and Gas Industry in Malaysia. Front Public Health 2022; 10:805733. [PMID: 35372179 PMCID: PMC8971610 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.805733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social media activities affect every aspect of human life, be it personal, social or professional. Previous studies have confirmed the role of social media in affecting health in terms of releasing stress and providing social support. Increased occupational health disorders and increased time spent on social media activities motivate us to investigate this phenomenon in the context of occupational health. Therefore, the objective of this study is to measure the effects of social media activities related to personal and social life as well as work-life on health and wellbeing of office employees, on their job efforts and job rewards, and in moderating the effect of effort-reward imbalance on health and wellbeing. Methods Initially, to develop constructs related to social media activities, web-based structured interviews were conducted with five office employees working in the oil and gas industry for the last 5 years. Then, using an online questionnaire survey, data was collected from 424 office employees working in the oil and gas industry in Malaysia. Using statistical software for social science (SPSS) and Smart PLS, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to identify reliability and validity (discriminant validity, convergent validity and composite validity) of the constructs. Following this, path analysis was conducted and the moderating effects were identified. Results Social media activities related to work-life decrease health and wellbeing by 11% and weaken the negative effect of effort-reward-imbalance on health and wellbeing by 17.6% at a 1% level of significance. The results of social media activities related to personal and social life strengthen the negative effect of effort-reward imbalance on health and wellbeing by 12% and negatively affects health and wellbeing and job rewards by 13, 55%, respectively. The direct effect of effort-reward imbalance and job efforts is significantly negative on health and wellbeing by 59 and 10%, respectively. Conclusion It is concluded that social media activities of the office employees significantly moderate the effect of effort-reward imbalance on health and wellbeing and intervene in job rewards in the organizations. Hence, the effect of social media activities reduces the health and wellbeing of office employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Kanwal
- Department of Management and Humanities, University of Technology Petronas, Tronoh, Malaysia
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Kanwal N, Pervaiz S, Rasheed A, Saleem M, Khan IA. Synthesis of Polymer-based ZnO/TiO2 Nanocomposites Flexible Sheets as High Dielectric Materials. Polym Sci Ser A 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x21350091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Batool I, Hussain G, Kanwal N, Abid M. Identifying the factors behind fatal and non-fatal road crashes: a case study of Lahore, Pakistan. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2018; 25:401-407. [DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2018.1456466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irem Batool
- Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Noreen Kanwal
- Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abid
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal, Pakistan
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Rothe M, Kanwal N, Dietmann P, Seigfried F, Hempel A, Schütz D, Reim D, Engels R, Linnemann A, Schmeisser MJ, Bockmann J, Kühl M, Boeckers TM, Kühl SJ. An Epha4/Sipa1l3/Wnt pathway regulates eye development and lens maturation. Development 2016; 144:321-333. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.147462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The signal-induced proliferation associated family of proteins comprises four members, SIPA1 and SIPA1L1-1L3. Mutations of the human SIPA1L3 gene result in congenital cataracts. In Xenopus, loss of Sipa1l3 function led to a severe eye phenotype that was distinguished by smaller eyes and lenses including lens fiber cell maturation defects. We found a direct interaction between Sipa1l3 and Epha4, building a functional platform for proper ocular development. Epha4 deficiency phenocopied loss of Sipa1l3 and rescue experiments demonstrated that Epha4 acts up-stream of Sipa1l3 during eye development. Both, Sipa1l3 and Epha4 are required for early eye specification. The ocular phenotype, upon loss of either Epha4 or Sipa1l3, was partially mediated by rax. We demonstrated that canonical Wnt signaling is inhibited downstream of Epha4/Sipa1l3 during normal eye development. Depletion of either Sipa1l3 or Epha4 resulted in an up-regulation of axin2 expression, a direct Wnt/β-catenin target gene. In line with this, Sipa1l3 or Epha4 depletion could be rescued by blocking Wnt/β-catenin or activating non-canonical Wnt signaling. We therefore conclude that this pathomechanism prevents proper eye development and maturation of lens fiber cells resulting in congenital cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Rothe
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, 89081 Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Noreen Kanwal
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, 89081 Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Petra Dietmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Franziska Seigfried
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, 89081 Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Annemarie Hempel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, 89081 Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Desiree Schütz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Dominik Reim
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, 89081 Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Rebecca Engels
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexander Linnemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael J. Schmeisser
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Juergen Bockmann
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Kühl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Tobias M. Boeckers
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Susanne J. Kühl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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Kanwal N, Toms H, Hannon AC, Perras FA, Bryce DL, Karpukhina N, Abrahams I. Structure and solubility behaviour of zinc containing phosphate glasses. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:8842-8855. [PMID: 32263478 DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01504e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The structure of phosphate glasses of general composition 10Na2O : (20 + x/2)ZnO : (20 + x/2)CaO : (50 -x)P2O5 (0 ≤x≤ 20) has been investigated using IR spectroscopy, 1D 31P and 43Ca MAS Bloch decay, 31P-31P double quantum MAS-NMR and 43Ca and 67Zn static NMR techniques, as well as neutron diffraction analysis. Zinc is shown to aid glass formation in this system. Glass transition temperature and density increase with increasing cation : phosphate ratio. However, free volume calculations show structures becoming significantly more compact from x = 5 to x = 10. The structural data confirm depolymerisation of the glasses with increasing cation : phosphate ratio. Zinc oxide is found to act in a network forming role in the system, with 67Zn NMR and neutron diffraction analysis confirming zinc exhibits predominantly four-coordinate geometry. Solubility in deionised water and tris/HCl buffer solution is seen to decrease significantly with increasing x-value. This is discussed in terms of water ingress and the degree of structural openness, associated with increased cross-linking and a decrease in concentration of P-O-P linkages. pH measurements confirm invert phosphate compositions maintain physiological pH levels on immersion in water and buffer solutions for up to four weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kanwal
- Materials, Research Institute, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
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Dolnik A, Kanwal N, Mackert S, Halbedl S, Proepper C, Bockmann J, Schoen M, Boeckers TM, Kühl SJ, Schmeisser MJ. Sipa1l3/SPAR3 is targeted to postsynaptic specializations and interacts with the Fezzin ProSAPiP1/Lzts3. J Neurochem 2015; 136:28-35. [PMID: 26364583 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Rap GTPase-activating proteins (RapGAPs) are essential for synaptic function as they tightly regulate synaptic Rap signaling. Among the most abundant synaptic RapGAPs in brain are the Spine-associated RapGAPs (SPARs) Sipa1l1/SPAR and Sipa1l2/SPAR2, whereas nothing has been reported on Sipa1l3/SPAR3. In this study, we show that Sipa1l3/SPAR3 is conserved across species, has a distinct expression pattern in the developing rat brain and is localized at excitatory postsynapses. We further demonstrate that the Sipa1l3/SPAR3 C-terminus is required for postsynaptic targeting and represents an interaction module for Fezzins such as ProSAPiP1/Lzts3, a binding partner of the postsynaptic scaffold protein Shank3. Taken together, our data imply that Sipa1l3/SPAR3 is a hitherto unknown synaptic RapGAP, which is targeted to postsynaptic specializations and interacts with Fezzins. Spine-associated RapGAPs (SPARs) are essential modulators of synaptic signaling. Our study is the first to characterize the SPAR family member Sipa1l3/SPAR3 in neuronal tissue. We show that Sipa1l3/SPAR3 is conserved across species, has a distinct expression pattern in brain and is localized to excitatory postsynapses via its C-terminus, which represents an interaction module for other postsynaptic proteins including the Fezzin ProSAPiP1/Lzts3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dolnik
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Noreen Kanwal
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, IGradU, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sarah Mackert
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, IGradU, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sonja Halbedl
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, IGradU, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Juergen Bockmann
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Schoen
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tobias M Boeckers
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Susanne J Kühl
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael J Schmeisser
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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McAusland L, Davey PA, Kanwal N, Baker NR, Lawson T. A novel system for spatial and temporal imaging of intrinsic plant water use efficiency. J Exp Bot 2013; 64:4993-5007. [PMID: 24043857 PMCID: PMC3830482 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Instrumentation and methods for rapid screening and selection of plants with improved water use efficiency are essential to address current issues of global food and fuel security. A new imaging system that combines chlorophyll fluorescence and thermal imaging has been developed to generate images of assimilation rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), and intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) from whole plants or leaves under controlled environmental conditions. This is the first demonstration of the production of images of WUEi and the first to determine images of g s from themography at the whole-plant scale. Data are presented illustrating the use of this system for rapidly and non-destructively screening plants for alterations in WUEi by comparing Arabidopsis thaliana mutants (OST1-1) that have altered WUEi driven by open stomata, with wild-type plants. This novel instrument not only provides the potential to monitor multiple plants simultaneously, but enables intra- and interspecies variation to be taken into account both spatially and temporally. The ability to measure A, gs, and WUEi progressively was developed to facilitate and encourage the development of new dynamic protocols. Images illustrating the instrument's dynamic capabilities are demonstrated by analysing plant responses to changing photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD). Applications of this system will augment the research community's need for novel screening methods to identify rapidly novel lines, cultivars, or species with improved A and WUEi in order to meet the current demands on modern agriculture and food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. McAusland
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - P. A. Davey
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - N. Kanwal
- School of Computing and Engineering Science, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - N. R. Baker
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - T. Lawson
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Shahzadi S, Ali S, Jabeen S, Kanwal N, Rafique U, Khan AN. Coordination chemistry of the transition metal carboxylates synthesized from the ligands containing peptide linkage. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328408010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sami AJ, Sami AN, Kanwal N. Comparison in effect of different metal ions, pH and reducing agent on the protease activity in human hyper mature and mature cataract. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2007; 8:599-603. [PMID: 17657864 PMCID: PMC1934957 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.2007.b0599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to isolate and characterize the protease activity of human eye lens sample of mature and hyper mature cataract. Samples were collected just after surgery of the cataract lens and were stored at -20 degrees C. The total protein extract was isolated from 5 samples in each case (mature and hyper mature cataract) and clear supernatant obtained after centrifugation was used as an enzyme source. The optimum pH for the proteases of mature cataract was 7.5 while the proteases of hyper mature cataract were recorded for maximum activity at pH 5.5 and 7.5. The optimum temperature for both enzyme sources was 50 degrees C. Effect of different metal ions such as potassium, lead, silver, zinc and borate was studied. In each case protease activity was increased. Reducing agent e.g. beta mercaptoethanol also caused an increase in activity indicating the involvement of sulfhydryl groups. Protease activity was also located on agar plates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amtul Jamil Sami
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54594, Pakistan.
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