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Hartmann J, Bajaj T, Otten J, Klengel C, Ebert T, Gellner AK, Junglas E, Hafner K, Anderzhanova EA, Tang F, Missig G, Rexrode L, Trussell DT, Li KX, Pöhlmann ML, Mackert S, Geiger TM, Heinz DE, Lardenoije R, Dedic N, McCullough KM, Próchnicki T, Rhomberg T, Martinelli S, Payton A, Robinson AC, Stein V, Latz E, Carlezon WA, Hausch F, Schmidt MV, Murgatroyd C, Berretta S, Klengel T, Pantazopoulos H, Ressler KJ, Gassen NC. SKA2 regulated hyperactive secretory autophagy drives neuroinflammation-induced neurodegeneration. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2635. [PMID: 38528004 PMCID: PMC10963788 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46953-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
High levels of proinflammatory cytokines induce neurotoxicity and catalyze inflammation-driven neurodegeneration, but the specific release mechanisms from microglia remain elusive. Here we show that secretory autophagy (SA), a non-lytic modality of autophagy for secretion of vesicular cargo, regulates neuroinflammation-mediated neurodegeneration via SKA2 and FKBP5 signaling. SKA2 inhibits SA-dependent IL-1β release by counteracting FKBP5 function. Hippocampal Ska2 knockdown in male mice hyperactivates SA resulting in neuroinflammation, subsequent neurodegeneration and complete hippocampal atrophy within six weeks. The hyperactivation of SA increases IL-1β release, contributing to an inflammatory feed-forward vicious cycle including NLRP3-inflammasome activation and Gasdermin D-mediated neurotoxicity, which ultimately drives neurodegeneration. Results from protein expression and co-immunoprecipitation analyses of male and female postmortem human brains demonstrate that SA is hyperactivated in Alzheimer's disease. Overall, our findings suggest that SKA2-regulated, hyperactive SA facilitates neuroinflammation and is linked to Alzheimer's disease, providing mechanistic insight into the biology of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA.
| | - Thomas Bajaj
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joy Otten
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Klengel
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Tim Ebert
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Gellner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ellen Junglas
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kathrin Hafner
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Elmira A Anderzhanova
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Research Group Neuronal Plasticity, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Fiona Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Galen Missig
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Lindsay Rexrode
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Daniel T Trussell
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Katelyn X Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Max L Pöhlmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Mackert
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas M Geiger
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Daniel E Heinz
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Research Group Neuronal Plasticity, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Roy Lardenoije
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nina Dedic
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Kenneth M McCullough
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Tomasz Próchnicki
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Rhomberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Silvia Martinelli
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Antony Payton
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Andrew C Robinson
- Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, M6 8HD, UK
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - Valentin Stein
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Deutsches Rheuma Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - William A Carlezon
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Felix Hausch
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Chris Murgatroyd
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M15 6BH, UK
| | - Sabina Berretta
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Torsten Klengel
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Harry Pantazopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA.
| | - Nils C Gassen
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany.
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Bergmann M, Wollbrandt I, Gittel L, Halbe E, Mackert S, Philipsen A, Lux S. Effects of a video game intervention on symptoms, training motivation, and visuo-spatial memory in depression. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1173652. [PMID: 37692312 PMCID: PMC10484510 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1173652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background People with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) often experience reduced affect, mood, and cognitive impairments such as memory problems. Although there are various treatments for MDD, many of them do not address the cognitive deficits associated with the disorder. Playing 3D video games has been found to improve cognitive functioning in healthy people, but it is not clear how they may affect depressed mood and motivation in people with MDD. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a six-week video game intervention leads to improvements in depressed mood, training motivation, and visuo-spatial (working) memory functions in patients with MDD. Methods A total of 46 clinically depressed individuals were randomly assigned to one of three groups: an experimental "3D video gaming" group (n = 14) which played a video game, an active control group (n = 16) which trained with a computer program "CogPack," and a treatment-as-usual group (n = 16) which received a standard clinical treatment including psychotherapy and/or pharmacotherapy. Participants performed a neuropsychological assessment, including self-report questionnaires asking for depressive symptoms, training motivation, and visuo-spatial (working) memory functions before and after the training intervention. Results Regarding depressive symptoms, a significant decrease in the proportion of participants who showed clinical levels of depressive symptoms as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory was only found in the 3D video gaming group. Additionally, mean motivational levels of performing the training were significantly higher in the 3D video gaming group when compared with the active control group. Moreover, whereas the 3D Video Gaming group only significantly improved on one visuo-spatial memory test, the active control group improved in all visuo-spatial memory functions. The 3D video gaming group did not perform significantly better than the CogPack group, and the TAU group. Conclusion Besides a standalone cognitive training, the current findings suggest that cognitive trainings using a video game have potential to increase subjective well-being, show higher levels of training motivation, and lead to improvements in visuo-spatial (working) memory functions in MDD. However, given the mixed and unblinded nature of this study, the results should be interpreted with caution. Further research with larger samples and follow-up measurements is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Bergmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Kölle M, Philipsen A, Mackert S. [Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and substance use in adulthood-Guideline-conform diagnostics and treatment]. Nervenarzt 2023; 94:47-57. [PMID: 36633607 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-022-01422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most frequent developmental disorder in childhood, adolescence and adulthood. Substance use disorders are a frequent comorbidity in ADHD. The many different forms and severities of these comorbidities necessitate individual strategies in the diagnostics and treatment. Principally, ADHD and addictive disorders should be treated together whenever possible. The more acute or severe the dependence disorder is, the less priority can be given to the topic of ADHD and the lower are the chances of carrying out valid diagnostics and simultaneous treatment at the beginning of the treatment of the addictive disorder. The less severe and acute the addictive disorder is, the quicker the diagnostics and, if necessary, treatment of ADHD can be initiated. In this continuing education article, the customary means for diagnostics and pharmacotherapy as well as the special features that must be considered with respect to comorbidities of both disorders are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Kölle
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Deutschland.
| | - Alexandra Philipsen
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Deutschland
| | - Sarah Mackert
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Deutschland
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Stepan J, Heinz DE, Dethloff F, Bajaj T, Zellner A, Hafner K, Wiechmann S, Mackert S, Mecdad Y, Rabenstein M, Ebert T, Martinelli S, Häusl AS, Pöhlmann ML, Hermann A, Ma X, Pavenstädt H, Schmidt MV, Philipsen A, Turck CW, Deussing JM, Kuster B, Wehr MC, Stein V, Kremerskothen J, Wotjak CT, Gassen NC. Hippo-released WWC1 facilitates AMPA receptor regulatory complexes for hippocampal learning. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111766. [PMID: 36476872 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Learning and memory rely on changes in postsynaptic glutamergic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type receptor (AMPAR) number, spatial organization, and function. The Hippo pathway component WW and C2 domain-containing protein 1 (WWC1) regulates AMPAR surface expression and impacts on memory performance. However, synaptic binding partners of WWC1 and its hierarchical position in AMPAR complexes are largely unclear. Using cell-surface proteomics in hippocampal tissue of Wwc1-deficient mice and by generating a hippocampus-specific interactome, we show that WWC1 is a major regulatory platform in AMPAR signaling networks. Under basal conditions, the Hippo pathway members WWC1 and large tumor-suppressor kinase (LATS) are associated, which might prevent WWC1 effects on synaptic proteins. Reduction of WWC1/LATS binding through a point mutation at WWC1 elevates the abundance of WWC1 in AMPAR complexes and improves hippocampal-dependent learning and memory. Thus, uncoupling of WWC1 from the Hippo pathway to AMPAR-regulatory complexes provides an innovative strategy to enhance synaptic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Stepan
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Daniel E Heinz
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Research Group Neuronal Plasticity, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; Max Planck School of Cognition, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Frederik Dethloff
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; Metabolomics Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Bajaj
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Zellner
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Kathrin Hafner
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Svenja Wiechmann
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 80336 Munich, Germany; German Cancer Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarah Mackert
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Yara Mecdad
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Rabenstein
- Institute of Physiology II, University Hospital Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Tim Ebert
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Research Group Neuronal Plasticity, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Silvia Martinelli
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander S Häusl
- Department Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian L Pöhlmann
- Department Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Anke Hermann
- Department of Medicine D, Division of General Internal Medicine, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Xiao Ma
- Research Group Signal Transduction, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Hermann Pavenstädt
- Department of Medicine D, Division of General Internal Medicine, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Department Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandra Philipsen
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Chris W Turck
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan M Deussing
- Research Group Molecular Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 80336 Munich, Germany; German Cancer Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Michael C Wehr
- Research Group Signal Transduction, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Valentin Stein
- Institute of Physiology II, University Hospital Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Joachim Kremerskothen
- Department of Medicine D, Division of General Internal Medicine, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Carsten T Wotjak
- Research Group Neuronal Plasticity, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; Central Nervous System Diseases Research, Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, 88400 Biberach, Germany.
| | - Nils C Gassen
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
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Kölle M, Mackert S, Heckel K, Philipsen A, Ulrich M, Grön G. Lower fractional anisotropy of the corticothalamic tract and increased response time variability in adult patients with ADHD. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2022; 47:E99-E108. [PMID: 35301254 PMCID: PMC9259413 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.210135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraindividual intertrial variability has been suggested as an endophenotype of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is usually evaluated as response time variability (RTV) in reaction time tasks, and RTV has emerged as a robust and stable feature of ADHD. Among attempts to elucidate the neurobiological underpinnings of RTV, it has been suggested that alterations in white matter microstructure may explain RTV. METHODS We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in a group of 53 adults with ADHD and 50 healthy controls. We obtained RTV parameters from a simple reaction-time task, in which participants were asked to respond to the appearance of white crosses on a screen using button presses. RESULTS We observed significant between-group differences for the ex-Gaussian parameter τ, indicating that the mean of extremely slow responses was greater for adults with ADHD than controls. Fractional anisotropy (FA) derived from DTI was significantly different between groups in 2 clusters of the corticothalamic tract. In the ADHD group, relatively decreased FA values were significantly associated with the parameter τ, such that lower FA values in the corticothalamic tract predicted greater τ as an index of RTV. We did not observe this association in healthy controls. LIMITATIONS For comparison with previous studies, we used FA as a dependent variable of interest. However, although this metric is sensitive to white matter structural properties, there are ambiguities in its interpretation. CONCLUSION Even in a simple reaction-time task, RTV proved again to be a stable feature of ADHD. It was associated with altered white matter structural properties of the corticothalamic tract in adults with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Georg Grön
- From the Department of Psychiatry, Section of Neuropyschology and Funtional Imaging, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany (Kölle, Mackert, Heckel, Ulrich, Grön); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bonn University, Bonn, Germany (Kölle, Mackert, Philipsen)
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6
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Dolnik A, Kanwal N, Mackert S, Halbedl S, Proepper C, Bockmann J, Schoen M, Boeckers TM, Kühl SJ, Schmeisser MJ. Sipa1l3/SPAR3 is targeted to postsynaptic specializations and interacts with the Fezzin ProSAPiP1/Lzts3. J Neurochem 2015; 136:28-35. [PMID: 26364583 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Rap GTPase-activating proteins (RapGAPs) are essential for synaptic function as they tightly regulate synaptic Rap signaling. Among the most abundant synaptic RapGAPs in brain are the Spine-associated RapGAPs (SPARs) Sipa1l1/SPAR and Sipa1l2/SPAR2, whereas nothing has been reported on Sipa1l3/SPAR3. In this study, we show that Sipa1l3/SPAR3 is conserved across species, has a distinct expression pattern in the developing rat brain and is localized at excitatory postsynapses. We further demonstrate that the Sipa1l3/SPAR3 C-terminus is required for postsynaptic targeting and represents an interaction module for Fezzins such as ProSAPiP1/Lzts3, a binding partner of the postsynaptic scaffold protein Shank3. Taken together, our data imply that Sipa1l3/SPAR3 is a hitherto unknown synaptic RapGAP, which is targeted to postsynaptic specializations and interacts with Fezzins. Spine-associated RapGAPs (SPARs) are essential modulators of synaptic signaling. Our study is the first to characterize the SPAR family member Sipa1l3/SPAR3 in neuronal tissue. We show that Sipa1l3/SPAR3 is conserved across species, has a distinct expression pattern in brain and is localized to excitatory postsynapses via its C-terminus, which represents an interaction module for other postsynaptic proteins including the Fezzin ProSAPiP1/Lzts3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dolnik
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Noreen Kanwal
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, IGradU, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sarah Mackert
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, IGradU, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sonja Halbedl
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, IGradU, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Juergen Bockmann
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Schoen
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tobias M Boeckers
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Susanne J Kühl
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael J Schmeisser
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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