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Ben Dhia O, Lasram MM, Harizi N, Doghri R, Charfi L, Souai N, Najjari A, Ouzari HI, Ben-Hadj-Khalifa S. Kefir milk alleviates benzene-induced immunotoxicity and hematotoxicity in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:42230-42242. [PMID: 33797720 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13569-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The adverse health effects of benzene occupational and circumstance pollution exposure are an increasing concern. It leads to damage to various human tissues including bone marrow and ovarian tissues and many vital physiological processes. Previous studies showed that kefir is a rich probiotic, having protective effect, thanks to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory capacity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential efficacy of kefir to remediate benzene toxicity in rat. Thirty-two female rats were randomly allocated and administered orally with benzene and/or kefir during a period of 21 consecutive days. At the end of the experiment, hematological and bone marrow cell changes were estimated. The animals exposed to benzene exhibited anemia and a significant decrease in the levels of white blood cell. Moreover, benzene led to the activation of gene expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), a myelotoxicity in bone marrow cells. Our data showed that kefir treatment alleviated benzene-associated weight loss and increased the number of whole blood cells in peripheral blood and nucleated cells in the bone marrow. Furthermore, these physiological results were observed with animals showing high concentrations of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) determined from fecal samples, which are considered an indicator of kefir-associated microorganisms. Our study suggests that kefir is a potential nutritional supplement target to attenuate hematotoxicity induced by benzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfa Ben Dhia
- Laboratory of Microorganisms and Actives Biomolecules, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Montassar Lasram
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Bioressources Valorization, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nouha Harizi
- Laboratory of Microorganisms and Actives Biomolecules, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Raoudha Doghri
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Pathological Cytology, Salah Azaiez Institute, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Lamia Charfi
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Pathological Cytology, Salah Azaiez Institute, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nessrine Souai
- Laboratory of Microorganisms and Actives Biomolecules, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Afef Najjari
- Laboratory of Microorganisms and Actives Biomolecules, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hadda-Imene Ouzari
- Laboratory of Microorganisms and Actives Biomolecules, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Ben-Hadj-Khalifa
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Bioressources Valorization, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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