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Dewey BE, Xu X, Knutsson L, Jog A, Prince JL, Barker PB, van Zijl PCM, Leigh R, Nyquist P. MTT and Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption within Asymptomatic Vascular WM Lesions. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1396-1402. [PMID: 34083262 PMCID: PMC8367617 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE White matter lesions of presumed ischemic origin are associated with progressive cognitive impairment and impaired BBB function. Studying the longitudinal effects of white matter lesion biomarkers that measure changes in perfusion and BBB patency within white matter lesions is required for long-term studies of lesion progression. We studied perfusion and BBB disruption within white matter lesions in asymptomatic subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anatomic imaging was followed by consecutive dynamic contrast-enhanced and DSC imaging. White matter lesions in 21 asymptomatic individuals were determined using a Subject-Specific Sparse Dictionary Learning algorithm with manual correction. Perfusion-related parameters including CBF, MTT, the BBB leakage parameter, and volume transfer constant were determined. RESULTS MTT was significantly prolonged (7.88 [SD, 1.03] seconds) within white matter lesions compared with normal-appearing white (7.29 [SD, 1.14] seconds) and gray matter (6.67 [SD, 1.35] seconds). The volume transfer constant, measured by dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, was significantly elevated (0.013 [SD, 0.017] minutes-1) in white matter lesions compared with normal-appearing white matter (0.007 [SD, 0.011] minutes-1). BBB disruption within white matter lesions was detected relative to normal white and gray matter using the DSC-BBB leakage parameter method so that increasing BBB disruption correlated with increasing white matter lesion volume (Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.44; P < .046). CONCLUSIONS A dual-contrast-injection MR imaging protocol combined with a 3D automated segmentation analysis pipeline was used to assess BBB disruption in white matter lesions on the basis of quantitative perfusion measures including the volume transfer constant (dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging), the BBB leakage parameter (DSC), and MTT (DSC). This protocol was able to detect early pathologic changes in otherwise healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Dewey
- From the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (B.E.D., J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (B.E.D., X.X., P.B.B., P.C.M.v.Z.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - X Xu
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (B.E.D., X.X., P.B.B., P.C.M.v.Z.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (X.X., L.K., J.L.P., P.B.B., P.C.M.v.Z.), Division of MRI Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - L Knutsson
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (X.X., L.K., J.L.P., P.B.B., P.C.M.v.Z.), Division of MRI Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics (L.K.), Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - A Jog
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (A.J.), Harvard University Medical School, Boston Massachusetts
| | - J L Prince
- From the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (B.E.D., J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (X.X., L.K., J.L.P., P.B.B., P.C.M.v.Z.), Division of MRI Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - P B Barker
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (B.E.D., X.X., P.B.B., P.C.M.v.Z.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (X.X., L.K., J.L.P., P.B.B., P.C.M.v.Z.), Division of MRI Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - P C M van Zijl
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (B.E.D., X.X., P.B.B., P.C.M.v.Z.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (X.X., L.K., J.L.P., P.B.B., P.C.M.v.Z.), Division of MRI Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - R Leigh
- Department of Neurology (R.L., P.N.), Electrical and Computer Engineering (B.E.D., J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - P Nyquist
- Department of Neurology (R.L., P.N.), Electrical and Computer Engineering (B.E.D., J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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Thomas AM, Li S, Chu C, Shats I, Xu J, Calabresi PA, van Zijl PCM, Walczak P, Bulte JWM. Evaluation of cell transplant-mediated attenuation of diffuse injury in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis using onVDMP CEST MRI. Exp Neurol 2020; 329:113316. [PMID: 32304749 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The development and translation of cell therapies have been hindered by an inability to predict and evaluate their efficacy after transplantation. Using an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS), we studied attenuation of the diffuse injury characteristic of EAE and MS by transplanted glial-restricted precursor cells (GRPs). We assessed the potential of on-resonance variable delay multiple pulse (onVDMP) chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI to visualize this attenuation. Allogeneic GRPs transplanted in the motor cortex or lateral ventricles attenuated paralysis in EAE mice and attenuated differences compared to naïve mice in onVDMP CEST signal 5 days after transplantation near the transplantation site. Histological analysis revealed that transplanted GRPs co-localized with attenuated astrogliosis. Hence, diffuse injury-sensitive onVDMP CEST MRI may complement conventional MRI to locate and monitor tissue regions responsive to GRP therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Thomas
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America; Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - S Li
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America; Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - C Chu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America; Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - I Shats
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America; Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - J Xu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, United States of America
| | - P A Calabresi
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America; The Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - P C M van Zijl
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, United States of America; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - P Walczak
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America; Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - J W M Bulte
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America; Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, United States of America; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States of America.
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van Bergen JMG, Li X, Quevenco FC, Gietl AF, Treyer V, Meyer R, Buck A, Kaufmann PA, Nitsch RM, van Zijl PCM, Hock C, Unschuld PG. Simultaneous quantitative susceptibility mapping and Flutemetamol-PET suggests local correlation of iron and β-amyloid as an indicator of cognitive performance at high age. Neuroimage 2018; 174:308-316. [PMID: 29548847 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of β-amyloid plaques is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and recently published data suggest that increased brain iron burden may reflect pathologies that synergistically contribute to the development of cognitive dysfunction. While preclinical disease stages are considered most promising for therapeutic intervention, the link between emerging AD-pathology and earliest clinical symptoms remains largely unclear. In the current study we therefore investigated local correlations between iron and β-amyloid plaques, and their possible association with cognitive performance in healthy older adults. 116 older adults (mean age 75 ± 7.4 years) received neuropsychological testing to calculate a composite cognitive score of performance in episodic memory, executive functioning, attention, language and communication. All participants were scanned on a combined PET-MRI instrument and were administered T1-sequences for anatomical mapping, quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) for assessing iron, and 18F-Flutemetamol-PET for estimating β-amyloid plaque load. Biological parametric mapping (BPM) was used to generate masks indicating voxels with significant (p < 0.05) correlation between susceptibility and 18F-Flutemetamol-SUVR. We found a bilateral pattern of clusters characterized by a statistical relationship between magnetic susceptibility and 18F-Flutemetamol-SUVR, indicating local correlations between iron and β-amyloid plaque deposition. For two bilateral clusters, located in the frontal and temporal cortex, significant relationships (p<0.05) between local β-amyloid and the composite cognitive performance score could be observed. No relationship between whole-cortex β-amyloid plaque load and cognitive performance was observable. Our data suggest that the local correlation of β-amyloid plaque load and iron deposition may provide relevant information regarding cognitive performance of healthy older adults. Further studies are needed to clarify pathological correlates of the local interaction of β-amyloid, iron and other causes of altered magnetic susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M G van Bergen
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - X Li
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - F C Quevenco
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A F Gietl
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Hospital for Psychogeriatric Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - V Treyer
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R Meyer
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Hospital for Psychogeriatric Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Buck
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P A Kaufmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R M Nitsch
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Hospital for Psychogeriatric Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P C M van Zijl
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C Hock
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Hospital for Psychogeriatric Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P G Unschuld
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Hospital for Psychogeriatric Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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van Bergen JMG, Li X, Hua J, Schreiner SJ, Steininger SC, Quevenco FC, Wyss M, Gietl AF, Treyer V, Leh SE, Buck F, Nitsch RM, Pruessmann KP, van Zijl PCM, Hock C, Unschuld PG. Colocalization of cerebral iron with Amyloid beta in Mild Cognitive Impairment. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35514. [PMID: 27748454 PMCID: PMC5066274 DOI: 10.1038/srep35514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) MRI at 7 Tesla and 11-Carbon Pittsburgh-Compound-B PET were used for investigating the relationship between brain iron and Amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque-load in a context of increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), as reflected by the Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE-e4) allele and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in elderly subjects. Carriers of APOE-e4 with normal cognition had higher cortical Aβ-plaque-load than non-carriers. In MCI an association between APOE-e4 and higher Aβ-plaque-load was observable both for cortical and subcortical brain-regions. APOE-e4 and MCI was also associated with higher cortical iron. Moreover, cerebral iron significantly affected functional coupling, and was furthermore associated with increased Aβ-plaque-load (R2-adjusted = 0.80, p < 0.001) and APOE-e4 carrier status (p < 0.001) in MCI. This study confirms earlier reports on an association between increased brain iron-burden and risk for neurocognitive dysfunction due to AD, and indicates that disease-progression is conferred by spatial colocalization of brain iron deposits with Aβ-plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M G van Bergen
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - X Li
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - J Hua
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - S J Schreiner
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland.,Hospital for Psychogeriatric Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S C Steininger
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland.,Hospital for Psychogeriatric Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F C Quevenco
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Wyss
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A F Gietl
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland.,Hospital for Psychogeriatric Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - V Treyer
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S E Leh
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland.,Hospital for Psychogeriatric Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F Buck
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - R M Nitsch
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland.,Hospital for Psychogeriatric Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K P Pruessmann
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - P C M van Zijl
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - C Hock
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - P G Unschuld
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland.,Hospital for Psychogeriatric Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland
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5
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van Bergen JMG, Hua J, Unschuld PG, Lim IAL, Jones CK, Margolis RL, Ross CA, van Zijl PCM, Li X. Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping Suggests Altered Brain Iron in Premanifest Huntington Disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:789-96. [PMID: 26680466 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In patients with premanifest (nonsymptomatic) and advanced Huntington disease, changes in brain iron levels in the basal ganglia have been previously reported, especially in the striatum. Quantitative susceptibility mapping by using MR phase imaging allows in vivo measurements of tissue magnetic susceptibility, which has been shown to correlate well with iron levels in brain gray matter and is believed to be more specific than other imaging-based iron measures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of magnetic susceptibility as a biomarker of disease progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen subjects with premanifest Huntington disease and 16 age-matched healthy controls were scanned at 7T. Magnetic susceptibility, effective relaxation, and tissue volume in deep gray matter structures were quantified and compared with genetic and clinical measures. RESULTS Subjects with premanifest Huntington disease showed significantly higher susceptibility values in the caudate nucleus, putamen, and globus pallidus, indicating increased iron levels in these structures. Significant decreases in magnetic susceptibility were found in the substantia nigra and hippocampus. In addition, significant volume loss (atrophy) and an increase effective relaxation were observed in the caudate nucleus and putamen. Susceptibility values in the caudate nucleus and putamen were found to be inversely correlated with structure volumes and directly correlated with the genetic burdens, represented by cytosine-adenine-guanine repeat age-product-scaled scores. CONCLUSIONS The significant magnetic susceptibility differences between subjects with premanifest Huntington disease and controls and their correlation with genetic burden scores indicate the potential use of magnetic susceptibility as a biomarker of disease progression in premanifest Huntington disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M G van Bergen
- From the Departments of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (J.M.G.v.B., J.H., I.A.L.L., C.K.J., P.C.M.v.Z., X.L.) F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (J.M.G.v.B., J.H., I.A.L.L., C.K.J., P.C.M.v.Z., X.L.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - J Hua
- From the Departments of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (J.M.G.v.B., J.H., I.A.L.L., C.K.J., P.C.M.v.Z., X.L.) F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (J.M.G.v.B., J.H., I.A.L.L., C.K.J., P.C.M.v.Z., X.L.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - P G Unschuld
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (P.G.U., R.L.M., C.A.R.) Division of Psychiatry Research and Psychogeriatric Medicine (P.G.U.), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - I A L Lim
- From the Departments of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (J.M.G.v.B., J.H., I.A.L.L., C.K.J., P.C.M.v.Z., X.L.) F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (J.M.G.v.B., J.H., I.A.L.L., C.K.J., P.C.M.v.Z., X.L.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - C K Jones
- From the Departments of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (J.M.G.v.B., J.H., I.A.L.L., C.K.J., P.C.M.v.Z., X.L.) F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (J.M.G.v.B., J.H., I.A.L.L., C.K.J., P.C.M.v.Z., X.L.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - R L Margolis
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (P.G.U., R.L.M., C.A.R.) Neurology (R.L.M., C.A.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - C A Ross
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (P.G.U., R.L.M., C.A.R.) Neurology (R.L.M., C.A.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - P C M van Zijl
- From the Departments of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (J.M.G.v.B., J.H., I.A.L.L., C.K.J., P.C.M.v.Z., X.L.) F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (J.M.G.v.B., J.H., I.A.L.L., C.K.J., P.C.M.v.Z., X.L.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - X Li
- From the Departments of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (J.M.G.v.B., J.H., I.A.L.L., C.K.J., P.C.M.v.Z., X.L.) F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (J.M.G.v.B., J.H., I.A.L.L., C.K.J., P.C.M.v.Z., X.L.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
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Smith SA, Williams ZR, Ratchford JN, Newsome SD, Farrell SK, Farrell JAD, Gifford A, Miller NR, van Zijl PCM, Calabresi PA, Reich DS. Diffusion tensor imaging of the optic nerve in multiple sclerosis: association with retinal damage and visual disability. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011; 32:1662-8. [PMID: 21799043 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There is a well-known relationship between MS and damage to the optic nerve, but advanced, quantitative MR imaging methods have not been applied to large cohorts. Our objective was to determine whether a short imaging protocol (< 10 minutes), implemented with standard hardware, could detect abnormal water diffusion in the optic nerves of patients with MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined water diffusion in human optic nerves via DTI in the largest MS cohort reported to date (104 individuals, including 38 optic nerves previously affected by optic neuritis). We also assessed whether such abnormalities are associated with loss of visual acuity (both high and low contrast) and damage to the retinal nerve fiber layer (assessed via optical coherence tomography). RESULTS The most abnormal diffusion was found in the optic nerves of patients with SPMS, especially in optic nerves previously affected by optic neuritis (19% drop in FA). DTI abnormalities correlated with both retinal nerve fiber layer thinning (correlation coefficient, 0.41) and loss of visual acuity, particularly at high contrast and in nerves previously affected by optic neuritis (correlation coefficient, 0.54). However, diffusion abnormalities were overall less pronounced than retinal nerve fiber layer thinning. CONCLUSIONS DTI is sensitive to optic nerve damage in patients with MS, but a short imaging sequence added to standard clinical protocols may not be the most reliable indicator of optic nerve damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Smith
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Blakeley JO, Ye X, Lim M, Zhu H, Blair L, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Eberhart C, Barker P, Laterra J, van Zijl PCM, Zhou J. The role of amide proton transfer imaging in detecting active malignant glioma. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Liu G, Har-el YE, Long C, Gilad A, Zhang J, Sgouros G, Bulte JWM, van Zijl PCM, McMahon MT. CMR2009: 11.01: In vivodetection of DIACEST contrast agent labeled liposomes using MRI. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Landman BA, Farrell JAD, Smith SA, Calabresi PA, van Zijl PCM, Prince JL. ROBUST MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATION IN Q-SPACE MRI. Proc IEEE Int Symp Biomed Imaging 2008; 2008:867-870. [PMID: 20490362 PMCID: PMC2872926 DOI: 10.1109/isbi.2008.4541134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Q-space imaging is an emerging diffusion weighted MR imaging technique to estimate molecular diffusion probability density functions (PDF's) without the need to assume a Gaussian distribution. We present a robust M-estimator, Q-space Estimation by Maximizing Rician Likelihood (QEMRL), for diffusion PDF's based on maximum likelihood. PDF's are modeled by constrained Gaussian mixtures. In QEMRL, robust likelihood measures mitigate the impacts of imaging artifacts. In simulation and in vivo human spinal cord, the method improves reliability of estimated PDF's and increases tissue contrast. QEMRL enables more detailed exploration of the PDF properties than prior approaches and may allow acquisitions at higher spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Landman
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Kennedy Krieger Institute Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Neurology, Radiology, and the F.M. Kirby Center Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Nagae LM, Hoon AH, Stashinko E, Lin D, Zhang W, Levey E, Wakana S, Jiang H, Leite CC, Lucato LT, van Zijl PCM, Johnston MV, Mori S. Diffusion tensor imaging in children with periventricular leukomalacia: variability of injuries to white matter tracts. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007; 28:1213-22. [PMID: 17698519 PMCID: PMC7977654 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a0534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Conventional MR imaging shows evidence of brain injury and/or maldevelopment in 70%-90% of children with cerebral palsy (CP), though its capability to identify specific white matter tract injury is limited. The great variability of white matter lesions in CP already demonstrated by postmortem studies is thought to be one of the reasons why response to treatment is so variable. Our hypothesis is that diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a suitable technique to provide in vivo characterization of specific white matter tract lesions in children with CP associated with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 24 children with CP associated with PVL and 35 healthy controls were evaluated with DTI. Criteria for identification of 26 white matter tracts on the basis of 2D DTI color-coded maps were established, and a qualitative scoring system, based on visual inspection of the tracts in comparison with age-matched controls, was used to grade the severity of abnormalities. An ordinal grading system (0=normal, 1=abnormal, 2=severely abnormal or absent) was used to score each white matter tract. RESULTS There was marked variability in white matter injury pattern in patients with PVL, with the most frequent injury to the retrolenticular part of the internal capsule, posterior thalamic radiation, superior corona radiata, and commissural fibers. CONCLUSION DTI is a suitable technique for in vivo assessment of specific white matter lesions in patients with PVL and, thus, a potentially valuable diagnostic tool. The tract-specific evaluation revealed a family of tracts that are highly susceptible in PVL, important information that can potentially be used to tailor treatment options in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Nagae
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USAand Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
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McMahon MT, Gilad AA, Bulte JWM, van Zijl PCM. CMR 2007: 12.03: Design of multi-label polypeptide MR contrast agents to be used as reporter genes. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Jaermann T, Crelier G, Pruessmann KP, Golay X, Netsch T, van Muiswinkel AMC, Mori S, van Zijl PCM, Valavanis A, Kollias S, Boesiger P. SENSE-DTI at 3 T. Magn Reson Med 2004; 51:230-6. [PMID: 14755645 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.10707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
While holding vast potential, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with single-excitation protocols still faces serious challenges. Limited spatial resolution, susceptibility to magnetic field inhomogeneity, and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) may be considered the most prominent limitations. It is demonstrated that all of these shortcomings can be effectively mitigated by the transition to parallel imaging technology and high magnetic field strength. Using the sensitivity encoding (SENSE) technique at 3 T, brain DTI was performed in nine healthy volunteers. Despite enhanced field inhomogeneity, parallel acquisition permitted both controlling geometric distortions and enhancing spatial resolution up to 0.8 mm in-plane. Heightened SNR requirements were met in part by high base sensitivity at 3 T. A further significant increase in SNR efficiency was accomplished by SENSE acquisition, exploiting enhanced encoding speed for echo time reduction. Based on the resulting image data, high-resolution tensor mapping is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jaermann
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Silvennoinen MJ, Clingman CS, Golay X, Kauppinen RA, van Zijl PCM. Comparison of the dependence of blood R2 and R2* on oxygen saturation at 1.5 and 4.7 Tesla. Magn Reson Med 2003; 49:47-60. [PMID: 12509819 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.10355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Gradient-echo (GRE) blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) effects have both intra- and extravascular contributions. To better understand the intravascular contribution in quantitative terms, the spin-echo (SE) and GRE transverse relaxation rates, R(2) and R(2)(*), of isolated blood were measured as a function of oxygenation in a perfusion system. Over the normal oxygenation saturation range of blood between veins, capillaries, and arteries, the difference between these rates, R'(2) = R(2)(*) - R(2), ranged from 1.5 to 2.1 Hz at 1.5 T and from 26 to 36 Hz at 4.7 T. The blood data were used to calculate the expected intravascular BOLD effects for physiological oxygenation changes that are typical during visual activation. This modeling showed that intravascular DeltaR(2)(*) is caused mainly by R(2) relaxation changes, namely 85% and 78% at 1.5T and 4.7T, respectively. The simulations also show that at longer TEs (>70 ms), the intravascular contribution to the percentual BOLD change is smaller at high field than at low field, especially for GRE experiments. At shorter TE values, the opposite is the case. For pure parenchyma, the intravascular BOLD signal changes originate predominantly from venules for all TEs at low field and for short TEs at high field. At longer TEs at high field, the capillary contribution dominates. The possible influence of partial volume contributions with large vessels was also simulated, showing large (two- to threefold) increases in the total intravascular BOLD effect for both GRE and SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Silvennoinen
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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Abstract
In BOLD fMRI a series of MR images is acquired and examined for task-related amplitude changes. These functional changes are small, so it is important to maximize detection efficiency. Virtually all fMRI processing strategies utilize magnitude information and ignore the phase, resulting in an unnecessary loss of efficiency. As the optimum way to model the phase information is not clear, a flexible modeling technique is useful. To analyze complex data sets, independent component analysis (ICA), a data-driven approach, is proposed. In ICA, the data are modeled as spatially independent components multiplied by their respective time-courses. There are thus three possible approaches: 1) the time-courses can be complex-valued, 2) the images can be complex-valued, or 3) both the time-courses and the images can be complex-valued. These analytic approaches are applied to data from a visual stimulation paradigm, and results from three complex analysis models are presented and compared with magnitude-only results. Using the criterion of the number of contiguous activated voxels at a given threshold, an average of 12-23% more voxels are detected by complex-valued ICA estimation at a threshold of /Z/ > 2.5. Additionally, preliminary results from the complex models reveal a phase modulation similar to the magnitude time-course in some voxels, and oppositely modulated in other voxels.
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Affiliation(s)
- V D Calhoun
- Division of Psychiatric Neuro-Imaging, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
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van Zijl PCM, MacLean C, Bothner‐By AA. Angular correlation and diamagnetic susceptibilities studied by high field NMR. II. Halobenzenes, pyridine, and aniline. J Chem Phys 1985. [DOI: 10.1063/1.449762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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van Zijl PCM, MacLean C, Bothner‐By AA. Angular correlation and diamagnetic susceptibilities studied by high field NMR. J Chem Phys 1985. [DOI: 10.1063/1.449059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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