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Borah BP, Majumder S, Nath PP, Choudhury AK, Bhuyan J. Pyrazine-bridged cobalt porphyrin: characterization, unique crystal structure and computational studies. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mondal M, Sarkar K, Nath PP, Khatun A, Pal S, Paul G. Monosodium glutamate impairs the contraction of uterine visceral smooth muscle ex vivo of rat through augmentation of acetylcholine and nitric oxide signaling pathways. Reprod Biol 2018; 18:83-93. [PMID: 29402603 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the toxic effects of Monosodium glutamate (MSG), an extensively used food additive, on the contraction of uterine visceral smooth muscle (UVSM) in rat and to elucidate the probable neurocrine mechanism involved in it. MSG produced significant potentiation of the force and inhibition of frequency of uterus recorded ex vivo in chronic MSG exposure and in single dose acute experiments. MSG also produced significant potentiation of force of acetylcholine induced contraction and no alterations in atropine induced contraction of uterus. Further, MSG produced significant increase in force and frequency of contraction of neostigmine incubated uterus. We have found significant potentiation of the post pause force of contraction of uterus when MSG was applied in adrenaline incubated uterus. MSG also produced significant decrease in frequency of contraction of sodium nitroprusside incubated uterus; increase in frequency of N-ω-Nitro-l-Arginine Methyl Ester incubated uterus and no significant changes in frequency of contraction of methylene blue incubated uterus. These results indicate that MSG potentiates the force of contraction of UVSM predominantly by augmenting the activity of cholinergic intrinsic efferents and inhibits the frequency of contraction probably by augmenting the activity of nitrergic efferents. In conclusion, MSG potentiates the force and inhibits the frequency of contraction of UVSM, and the MSG induced effect is probably mediated through the augmentation of acetylcholine and nitric oxide signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukti Mondal
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Kaushik Sarkar
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Partha Pratim Nath
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Ashma Khatun
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pal
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Goutam Paul
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India.
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Mondal M, Sarkar K, Nath PP, Paul G. Monosodium glutamate suppresses the female reproductive function by impairing the functions of ovary and uterus in rat. Environ Toxicol 2018; 33:198-208. [PMID: 29119727 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on the functions of ovary and uterus in rat. Virgin female rats of Charles Foster strain (120 gms approximately) were administrated MSG by oral gavage at a dose level of 0.8, 1.6, 2.4 gm/kgBW/day, respectively for 30 and 40 days duration. We observed a significant decrease in the duration of proestrus, estrus and metestrus phases, and increase in the duration of diestrus phase and diestrus index compared to control. We found significant increase in the levels of serum LH, FSH and estradiol in test groups of rat. We also observed significant increase in the number of primary and primordial follicles, increase in the size of graafian follicle, and decrease in the size of corpus luteum. Further, we have seen significant increase in the activities SOD, CAT and GST, decrease in the activities GR and GPx, and decrease MDA level in MSG exposed groups. These results suggest that MSG impairs the functions of the ovary probably by augmenting the release of FSH, LH and estradiol; promoting the follicular maturation and improving the biochemical mechanism for antioxidant defense. We also observed significant potentiation of the force of contraction of uterus in estrus, metestrus and diestrus phases. This result suggests that MSG potentiates the contraction of uterus probably by stimulating the estradiol sensitivity to oxytocin. From the results it is concluded that MSG suppresses the female reproductive function in rat probably by impairing the functions of ovary and uterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukti Mondal
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Kaushik Sarkar
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Partha Pratim Nath
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Goutam Paul
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
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Pal S, Sarkar K, Nath PP, Mondal M, Khatun A, Paul G. Bisphenol S impairs blood functions and induces cardiovascular risks in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017; 4:560-565. [PMID: 29152460 PMCID: PMC5671619 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol S alters blood homeostasis. Bisphenol S is probably a cardiac risk augmenting chemical. Bisphenol S is a haemolysis promoting chemical.
Bisphenol S (BPS) is an industrial chemical which is recently used to replace the potentially toxic Bisphenol A (BPA) in making polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins and thermal receipt papers. The probable toxic effects of BPS on the functions of haemopoietic and cardiovascular systems have not been reported till to date. We report here that BPS depresses haematological functions and induces cardiovascular risks in rat. Adult male albino rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were given BPS at a dose level of 30, 60 and 120 mg/kg BW/day respectively for 30 days. Red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, Hb concentration, and clotting time have been shown to be significantly (*P < 0.05) reduced in a dose dependent manner in all exposed groups of rats comparing to the control. It has also been shown that BPS increases total serum glucose and protein concentration in the exposed groups of rats. We have observed that BPS increases serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, glycerol free triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) concentration, whereas high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration has been found to be reduced in the exposed groups. BPS significantly increases serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities dose dependently. Moreover, serum calcium, bilirubin and urea concentration have been observed to be increased in all exposed groups. In conclusion, BPS probably impairs the functions of blood and promotes cardiovascular risks in rats.
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Key Words
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- BPA, bisphenol A
- BPS, bisphenol S
- Bisphenol S
- Cardiovascular risks
- Clotting time
- DMSO, dimethyl sulphoxide
- HDL cholesterol
- HDL, high density lipoprotein
- Hb, hemoglobin
- LDL cholesterol
- LDL, low density lipoprotein
- MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin
- RBC, red blood cells
- Red blood cell count
- VLDL, very low density lipoprotein
- WBC, white blood cells
- White blood cell count
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghamitra Pal
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal- 741235, India
| | - Kaushik Sarkar
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal- 741235, India
| | - Partha Pratim Nath
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal- 741235, India
| | - Mukti Mondal
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal- 741235, India
| | - Ashma Khatun
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal- 741235, India
| | - Goutam Paul
- Molecular Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal- 741235, India
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Nath PP, Sarkar K, Mondal M, Paul G. Metanil yellow impairs the estrous cycle physiology and ovarian folliculogenesis in female rats. Environ Toxicol 2016; 31:2057-2067. [PMID: 26494366 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Metanil yellow (MY) is a most frequently used food color in West Bengal, India. The toxic effects of MY on the male reproductive system have been reported discriminately in animal models. The probable toxic effects of MY on female reproductive functions have not been reported till date. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the effect of MY on estrous cycle rhythmicity and ovarian folliculogenesis in female rats. Rats have been exposed to MY at three doses of 250, 500, 750 mg kgBW-1 day-1 for two exposure durations, 20 and 30 days. We observed significant changes in the number and duration of estrous cycle along with prominent cytoarchitectural changes in the cellular characteristics of vaginal smear of component phases of estrous cycle in a dose and duration-dependent manner in MY-treated rats compared to control rats. We also observed a significant decrease in serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol levels in MY-treated rats. Further, the activities of some antioxidants enzymes in brain tissues of MY-treated rats were significantly decreased and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation, in brain tissues of MY-treated rats was also significantly increased. The ovarian folliculogenesis in this study was also significantly impaired in MY-treated rats. In conclusion, MY impairs the estrous cycle and ovarian folliculogenesis in female rats by inhibiting the secretion of FSH and estradiol from the ovary, and inducing the oxidative stress in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 2057-2067, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Pratim Nath
- Toxicology Unit, Environmental Physiology Division, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Kaushik Sarkar
- Toxicology Unit, Environmental Physiology Division, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Mukti Mondal
- Toxicology Unit, Environmental Physiology Division, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Goutam Paul
- Toxicology Unit, Environmental Physiology Division, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
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