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Decosterd L, Mercier T, Ternon B, Cruchon S, Guignard N, Lahrichi S, Pesse B, Rochat B, Burger R, Lamoth F, Pagani JL, Eggimann P, Csajka C, Choong E, Buclin T, Widmer N, André P, Marchetti O. Corrigendum to “Validation and clinical application of a multiplex high performance liquid chromatography – Tandem mass spectrometry assay for the monitoring of plasma concentrations of 12 antibiotics in patients with severe bacterial infections” [J. Chromatogr. B 1157 (2020) 122160]. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1211:123497. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mercier T, Desfontaine V, Cruchon S, Da Silva Pereira Clara J, Briki M, Mazza-Stalder J, Kajkus A, Burger R, Suttels V, Buclin T, Opota O, Koehler N, Sanchez Carballo P, Lange C, André P, Decosterd L, Choong E. A battery of tandem mass spectrometry assays with stable isotope-dilution for the quantification of 15 anti-tuberculosis drugs and two metabolites in patients with susceptible-, multidrug- resistant- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1211:123456. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ajeddig H, Adam R, Ade P, André P, Artis E, Aussel H, Beelen A, Benoît A, Berta S, Bing L, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen EFC, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez JF, Maury A, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Muñoz-Echeverría M, Perotto L, Pisano G, Ponthieu N, Revéret V, Rigby A, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Zylka R, Shimajiri Y. Probing the role of magnetic fields in star-forming filaments: NIKA2-Pol commissioning results toward OMC-1. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202225700002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dust polarization observations are a powerful, practical tool to probe the geometry (and to some extent, the strength) of magnetic fields in starforming regions. In particular, Planck polarization data have revealed the importance of magnetic fields on large scales in molecular clouds. However, due to insufficient resolution, Planck observations are unable to constrain the B-field geometry on prestellar and protostellar scales. The high angular resolution of 11.7 arcsec provided by NIKA2-Pol 1.15 mm polarimetric imaging, corresponding to 0.02 pc at the distance of the Orion molecular cloud (OMC), makes it possible to advance our understanding of the B-field morphology in star-forming filaments and dense cores (IRAM 30m large program B-FUN). The commissioning of the NIKA2-Pol instrument has led to several challenging issues, in particular, the instrumental polarization or intensity-to-polarization “leakage” effect. In the present paper, we illustrate how this effect can be corrected for, leading to reliable exploitable data in a structured, extended source such as OMC-1. We present a statistical comparison between NIKA2-Pol and SCUBA2-Pol2 results in the OMC-1 region. We also present tentative evidence of local pinching of the B-field lines near Orion-KL, in the form of a new small-scale hourglass pattern, in addition to the larger-scale hourglass already seen by other instruments such as Pol2.
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Muñoz-Echeverría M, Adam R, Ade P, Ajeddig H, André P, Arnaud M, Artis E, Aussel H, Bartalucci I, Beelen A, Benoît A, Berta S, Bing L, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen EFC, Ferragamo A, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez JF, Maury A, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Paliwal A, Perotto L, Pisano G, Pointecouteau E, Ponthieu N, Pratt GW, Revéret V, Rigby AJ, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Yepes G. Multi-probe analysis of the galaxy cluster CL J1226.9+3332: Hydrostatic mass and hydrostatic-to-lensing bias. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202225700032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a multi-probe analysis of the well-known galaxy cluster CL J1226.9+3332 as a proof of concept for multi-wavelength studies within the framework of the NIKA2 Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Large Program (LPSZ). CL J1226.9+3332 is a massive and high redshift (z = 0.888) cluster that has already been observed at several wavelengths. A joint analysis of the thermal SZ (tSZ) effect at millimeter wavelength with the NIKA2 camera and in X-ray with the XMM-Newton satellite permits the reconstruction of the cluster’s thermodynamical properties and mass assuming hydrostatic equilibrium. We test the robustness of our mass estimates against different definitions of the data analysis transfer function. Using convergence maps reconstructed from the data of the CLASH program we obtain estimates of the lensing mass, which we compare to the estimated hydrostatic mass. This allows us to measure the hydrostatic-to-lensing mass bias and the associated systematic effects related to the NIKA2 measurement. We obtain M500HSE = (7:65 ± 1:03) × 1014M⊙ and M500lens = (7:35 ± 0:65) × 1014M⊙, which implies a HSE-to-lensing bias consistent with 0 within 20%.
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Katsioli S, Adam R, Ade P, Ajeddig H, André P, Artis E, Aussel H, Beelen A, Benoît A, Berta S, Bing L, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, De Looze I, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen EC, Ejlali G, Galametz M, Galliano F, Gomez A, Goupy J, Jones A, Hughes A, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez JF, Madden S, Maury A, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Muñoz-Echeverría M, Nersesian A, Perotto L, Pisano G, Ponthieu N, Revéret V, Rigby A, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Smith MWL, Tabatabaei F, Tucker C, Xilouris EM, Zylka R. Exploring the millimetre emission in nearby galaxies: Analysis of the edge-on galaxy NGC 891. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202225700023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
New observations of the edge-on galaxy NGC 891, at 1.15 and 2mm obtained with the IRAM 30-m telescope and the NIKA2 camera, within the framework of the IMEGIN (Interpreting the Millimetre Emission of Galaxies with IRAM and NIKA2) Large Program, are presented in this work. By using multiwavelength maps (from the mid-IR to the cm wavelengths) we perform SED fitting in order to extract the physical properties of the galaxy on both global and local (~kpc) scales. For the interpretation of the observations we make use of a state-of-the-art SED fitting code, HerBIE (HiERarchical Bayesian Inference for dust Emission). The observations indicate a galaxy morphology, at mm wavelengths, similar to that of the cold dust emission traced by submm observations and to that of the molecular gas. The contribution of the radio emission at the NIKA2 bands is very small (negligible at 1.15 mm and ~ 10% at 2 mm) while it dominates the total energy budget at longer wavelengths (beyond 5 mm). On local scales, the distribution of the free-free emission resembles that of the dust thermal emission while the distribution of the synchrotron emission shows a deficiency along the major axis of the disc of the galaxy.
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Perotto L, Adam R, Ade P, Ajeddig H, André P, Arnaud M, Artis E, Aussel H, Bartalucci I, Beelen A, Benoît A, Berta S, Bing L, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen EFC, Ferragamo A, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez JF, Maury A, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Muñoz-Echeverría M, Paliwal A, Pisano G, Pointecouteau E, Ponthieu N, Pratt G, Revéret V, Rigby AJ, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Yepes G. The NIKA2 Sunyaev-Zeldovich Large Program: Precise galaxy cluster physics for an accurate cluster-based cosmology. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202225700038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The NIKA2 Guaranteed-Time SZ Large Program (LPSZ) is dedicated to the high-angular resolution SZ mapping of a representative sample of 45 SZ-selected galaxy clusters drawn from the catalogues of the Planck satellite, or of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope. The LPSZ sample spans a mass range from 3 to 11 × 1014M⊙ and a redshift range from 0:5 to 0:9, extending to higher redshift and lower mass the previous samples dedicated to the cluster mass calibration and universal properties estimation. The main goals of the LPSZ are the measurement of the average radial profile of the ICM pressure up to R500 by combining NIKA2 with Planck or ACT data, and the estimation of the scaling law between the SZ observable and the mass using NIKA2, XMM-Newton and Planck/ACT data. Furthermore, combining LPSZ data with existing or forthcoming public data in lensing, optical/NIR or radio domains, we will build a consistent picture of the cluster physics and further gain knowledge on the mass estimate as a function of the cluster morphology and dynamical state.
We give an overview of the LPSZ, present recent results and discuss the future implication for cosmology with galaxy clusters.
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Bing L, Adam R, Ade P, Ajeddig H, André P, Artis E, Aussel H, Beelen A, Benoît A, Berta S, Béthermin M, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen EFC, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez JF, Maury A, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Muñoz-Echeverría M, Neri R, Omont A, Perotto L, Pisano G, Ponthieu N, Revéret V, Rigby A, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Zylka R. Searching for high-z DSFGs with NIKA2 and NOEMA. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202225700006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As the possible progenitors of passive galaxies at z=2-3, dusty starforming galaxies (DSFGs) at z>4 provide a unique perspective to study the formation, assembly, and early quenching of massive galaxies in the early Universe. The extreme obscuration in optical-IR makes (sub)mm spectral scans the most universal and unbiased way to confirm/exclude the high-z nature of candidate dusty star-forming galaxies. We present here the status of the NIKA2 Cosmological Legacy Survey (N2CLS), which is the deepest wide-area singledish survey in the millimeter searching for high-z DSFGs. We also introduce a joint-analysis method to effciently search for the spectroscopic redshift of high-z DSFGs with noisy spectra and photometric data and present its success in identifying the redshift of DSFGs found in NIKA2 science verification data.
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Peretto N, Adam R, Ade P, Ajeddig H, André P, Artis E, Aussel H, Bacmann A, Beelen A, Benoît A, Berta S, Bing L, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen EFC, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez JF, Maury A, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Muñoz-Echeverría M, Perotto L, Pisano G, Ponthieu N, Revéret V, Rigby A, Ristorcelli I, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Zylka R. Galactic star formation with NIKA2 (GASTON): Filament convergence and its link to star formation. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202225700037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decade filaments have been recognised as a major structural element of the interstellar medium, the densest of these filaments hosting the formation of most stars. In some star-forming molecular clouds converging networks of filaments, also known as hub filament systems, can be found. These hubs are believed to be preferentially associated to massive star formation. As of today, there are no metrics that allow the systematic quantification of a filament network convergence. Here, we used the IRAM 30m NIKA2 observations of the Galactic plane from the GASTON large programme to systematically identify filaments and produce a filament convergence parameter map. We use such a map to show that: i. hub filaments represent a small fraction of the global filament population; ii. hubs host, in proportion, more massive and more luminous compact sources that non-hubs; iii. hub-hosting clumps are more evolved that non-hubs; iv. no discontinuities are observed in the properties of compact sources as a function of convergence parameter. We propose that the rapid global collapse of clumps is responsible for (re)organising filament networks into hubs and, in parallel, enhancing the mass growth of compact sources.
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Artis E, Adam R, Ade P, Ajeddig H, André P, Arnaud M, Aussel H, Bartalucci I, Beelen A, Benoît A, Berta S, Bing L, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen EFC, Ferragamo A, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez JF, Maury A, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Muñoz-Echeverría M, Paliwal A, Perotto L, Pisano G, Pointecouteau E, Ponthieu N, Pratt GW, Revéret V, Rigby AJ, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Yepes G. PSZ2 G091: A massive double cluster at z ~ 0.822 observed by the NIKA2 camera. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202225700003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PSZ2 G091.83+26.11 is a massive galaxy cluster with M500 = 7:43 × 1014M⊙ at z = 0:822. This object exhibits a complex morphology with a clear bimodality observed in X-rays. However, it was detected and analysed in the Planck sample as a single, spherical cluster following a universal profile [1]. This model can lead to miscalculations of thermodynamical quantities, like the pressure profile. As future multiwavelength cluster experiments will detect more and more objects at higher redshifts (where we expect the fraction of merging objects to be higher), it is crucial to quantify this systematic effect. In this work, we use high-resolution observations of PSZ2 G091.83+26.11 by the NIKA2 camera to integrate the morphological characteristics of the cluster in our modelling. This is achieved by fitting a two-halo model to the SZ image and then by reconstruction of the resulting projected pressure profile. We then compare these results with the spherical assumption.
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Rigby A, Adam R, Ade P, Ajeddig H, Anderson M, André P, Artis E, Aussel H, Bacmann A, Beelen A, Benoît A, Berta S, Bing L, Bourrion O, Bracco A, Calvo M, Catalano A, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen EFC, García P, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez JF, Maury A, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Muñoz-Echeverría M, Peretto N, Perotto L, Pisano G, Ponthieu N, Revéret V, Ristorcelli I, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Watkins E, Zylka R. Galactic Star Formation with NIKA2 (GASTON): Evidence of mass accretion onto dense clumps. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202225700041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mass stars (m* ≳ 8 M⊙) play a crucial role in the evolution of galaxies, and so it is imperative that we understand how they are formed. We have used the New IRAM KIDs Array 2 (NIKA2) camera on the Institut de Radio Astronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) 30-m telescope to conduct high-sensitivity continuum mapping of ~ 2 deg2 of the Galactic plane (GP) as part of the Galactic Star Formation with NIKA2 (GASTON) large program. We have identified a total of 1467 clumps within our deep 1.15 mm continuum maps and, by using overlapping continuum, molecular line, and maser parallax data, we have determined their distances and physical properties. By placing them upon an approximate evolutionary sequence based upon 8 μm Spitzer imaging, we find evidence that the most massive dense clumps accrete material from their surrounding environment during their early evolution, before dispersing as star formation advances, supporting clump-fed models of high-mass star formation.
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Lestrade JF, Adam R, Ade P, Ajeddig H, André P, Artis E, Aussel H, Beelen A, Benoît A, Berta S, Bing L, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, Coulais A, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen EFC, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Macías-Pérez JF, Maury A, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Muñoz-Echeverría M, Perotto L, Pisano G, Ponthieu N, Revéret V, Rigby AJ, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Zylka R. Overdensity of SubMillimiter Galaxies in the GJ526 Field mapped with the NIKA2 Camera. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202225700027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Using the NIKA2 dual band millimeter camera installed on the IRAM30m telescope, we have mapped a relatively large field (~ 70 arcmin2) in the direction of the star GJ526 to investigate the nature of the sources found with the MAMBO camera at 1.2 mm ten years earlier. We have found that they must be dust-obscured galaxies (SMGs) in the background beyond the star. The new NIKA2 map at 1.15 mm reveals additional sources and, in fact, an overdensity of SMGs predominantly distributed along a filament-like structure in projection on the sky across the whole observed field. We speculate this might be a cosmic filament at high redshift as revealed in cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. Measurement of spectroscopic redshifts of the SMGs in the candidate filament is required now for a definitive confirmation of the nature of the structure.
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Ritacco A, Adam R, Ade P, Ajeddig H, André P, Artis E, Aumont J, Aussel H, Beelen A, Benoît A, Berta S, Bing L, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen EFC, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez JF, Maury A, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Muñoz-Echeverría M, Perotto L, Pisano G, Ponthieu N, Revéret V, Rigby AJ, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Zylka R. Crab nebula at 260 GHz with the NIKA2 polarimeter: Implications for the polarization angle calibration of future CMB experiments. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202225700042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The quest for primordial gravitational waves enclosed in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization B-modes signal motivates the development of a new generation of high sensitive experiments (e.g. CMBS4, LiteBIRD), thus allowing to probe the inflationary epoch in the early Universe. However, this will be only possible by ensuring a high control of the instrumental systematic effects and an accurate absolute calibration of the polarization angle.
The Crab nebula is known to be a polarization calibrator on the sky for CMB experiments. Already used for the Planck satellite it exhibits a high polarized signal at microwave wavelengths. In this work we present Crab polarization observations obtained, in the 260 GHz frequency band, with the NIKA2 instrument. Furthermore, we discuss the accuracy needed on such a measurement to improve the constraints on the absolute angle calibration for CMB experiments.
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Muñoz-Echeverría M, Adam R, Ade P, Ajeddig H, André P, Arnaud M, Artis E, Aussel H, Bartalucci I, Beelen A, Benoît A, Berta S, Bing L, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen EFC, Ferragamo A, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez JF, Maury A, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Paliwal A, Perotto L, Pisano G, Pointecouteau E, Ponthieu N, Pratt GW, Revéret V, Rigby AJ, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Yepes G. The LPSZ-CLASH galaxy cluster sample: Combining lensing and hydrostatic mass estimates. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202225700033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Starting from the clusters included in the NIKA sample and in the NIKA2 Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Large Program (LPSZ) we have selected a sample of six common objects with the Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH) lensing data. For the LPSZ clusters we have at our disposal both high-angular resolution observations of the thermal SZ with NIKA and NIKA2 and X-ray observations with XMM-Newton from which hydrostatic mass estimates can be derived. In addition, the CLASH dataset includes lensing convergence maps that can be converted into lensing estimates of the total mass of the cluster. One-dimensional mass profiles are used to derive integrated mass estimates accounting for systematic effects (data processing, modeling, etc.). Two-dimensional analysis of the maps can reveal substructures in the cluster and, therefore, inform us about the dynamical state of each system. Moreover, we are able to study the hydrostatic mass to lensing mass bias, across different morphology and a range of redshift clusters to give more insight on the hydrostatic mass bias. The analysis presented in this proceeding follows the study discussed in [20].
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Ruppin F, Adam R, Ade P, Ajeddig H, André P, Artis E, Aussel H, Beelen A, Benoît A, Berta S, Bing L, Bourrion O, Brodwin M, Calvo M, Catalano A, Decker B, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen EFC, Eisenhardt PRM, Gomez A, Gonzalez AH, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez JF, Maury A, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, McDonald M, Monfardini A, Moravec E, Muñoz-Echeverría M, Perotto L, Pisano G, Ponthieu N, Revéret V, Rigby AJ, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Stanford S, Stern D, Tucker C, Zylka R. Mapping the intracluster medium temperature in the era of NIKA2 and MUSTANG-2. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202225700043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present preliminary results from an on-going program that aims at mapping the intracluster medium (ICM) temperature of high redshift galaxy clusters from the MaDCoWS sample using a joint analysis of shallow X-ray data obtained by Chandra and high angular resolution Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) observations realized with the NIKA2 and MUSTANG-2 cameras. We also present preliminary results from an on-going Open Time program within the NIKA2 collaboration that aims at mapping the ICM temperature of a galaxy cluster at z = 0.45 from the resolved detection of the relativistic corrections to the SZ spectrum. These studies demonstrate how high angular resolution SZ observations will play a major role in the coming decade to push the investigation of ICM dynamics and non-gravitational processes to high redshift before the next generation X-ray observatories come into play.
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Ejlali G, Adam R, Ade P, Ajeddig H, André P, Artis E, Aussel H, Beelen A, Benoît A, Berta S, Bing L, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, de Looze I, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen EC, Galametz M, Galliano F, Gomez A, Goupy J, Jones A, Hughes A, Katsioli S, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez JF, Madden S, Maury A, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Muñoz-Echeverría M, Nersesian A, Perotto L, Pisano G, Ponthieu N, Revéret V, Rigby A, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Smith MWSL, Tabatabaei FS, Tucker C, Xilouris E, Zylka R. Dust Emission in Galaxies at Millimeter Wavelengths: Cooling of star forming regions in NGC6946. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202225700016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstellar dust plays an important role in the formation of molecular gas and the heating and cooling of the interstellar medium. The spatial distribution of the mm-wavelength dust emission from galaxies is largely unexplored. The NIKA2 Guaranteed Time Project IMEGIN (Interpreting the Millimeter Emission of Galaxies with IRAM and NIKA2) has recently mapped the mm emission in the grand design spiral galaxy NGC6946. By subtracting the contributions from the free-free, synchrotron, and CO line emission, we map the distribution of the pure dust emission at 1:15mm and 2mm. Separating the arm/interarm regions, we find a dominant 2mm emission from interarms indicating the significant role of the general interstellar radiation field in heating the cold dust. Finally, we present maps of the dust mass, temperature, and emissivity index using the Bayesian MCMC modeling of the spectral energy distribution in NGC6946.
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Carvelli J, Demaria O, Vély F, Batista L, Chouaki Benmansour N, Fares J, Carpentier S, Thibult ML, Morel A, Remark R, André P, Represa A, Piperoglou C, Cordier PY, Le Dault E, Guervilly C, Simeone P, Gainnier M, Morel Y, Ebbo M, Schleinitz N, Vivier E. Association of COVID-19 inflammation with activation of the C5a-C5aR1 axis. Nature 2020; 588:146-150. [PMID: 32726800 PMCID: PMC7116884 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2600-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has resulted in a pandemic1. The C5a complement factor and its receptor C5aR1 (also known as CD88) have a key role in the initiation and maintenance of several inflammatory responses by recruiting and activating neutrophils and monocytes1. Here we provide a longitudinal analysis of immune responses, including phenotypic analyses of immune cells and assessments of the soluble factors that are present in the blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients at various stages of COVID-19 severity, including those who were paucisymptomatic or had pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome. The levels of soluble C5a were increased in proportion to the severity of COVID-19 and high expression levels of C5aR1 receptors were found in blood and pulmonary myeloid cells, which supports a role for the C5a-C5aR1 axis in the pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Anti-C5aR1 therapeutic monoclonal antibodies prevented the C5a-mediated recruitment and activation of human myeloid cells, and inhibited acute lung injury in human C5aR1 knock-in mice. These results suggest that blockade of the C5a-C5aR1 axis could be used to limit the infiltration of myeloid cells in damaged organs and prevent the excessive lung inflammation and endothelialitis that are associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Carvelli
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Réanimation des Urgences, Marseilles, France
- Aix Marseille Université, Marseilles, France
| | | | - Frédéric Vély
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseilles, France
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Immunology, Marseille Immunopole, Marseilles, France
| | | | - Nassima Chouaki Benmansour
- Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Laveran, Marseilles, France
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseilles, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Christelle Piperoglou
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseilles, France
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Immunology, Marseille Immunopole, Marseilles, France
| | | | - Erwan Le Dault
- Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Laveran, Marseilles, France
| | - Christophe Guervilly
- Aix Marseille Université, Marseilles, France
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital Nord, Réanimation des Détresses Respiratoires et Infections Sévères, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseilles, France
| | - Pierre Simeone
- Aix Marseille Université, Marseilles, France
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Réanimation Polyvalente, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseilles, France
| | - Marc Gainnier
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Réanimation des Urgences, Marseilles, France
- Aix Marseille Université, Marseilles, France
| | | | - Mikael Ebbo
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseilles, France
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Internal Medicine, Marseilles, France
| | - Nicolas Schleinitz
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseilles, France
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Internal Medicine, Marseilles, France
| | - Eric Vivier
- Innate Pharma, Marseilles, France.
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseilles, France.
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Immunology, Marseille Immunopole, Marseilles, France.
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van Hall T, van Montfoort N, Borst L, Korrer MJ, Kim Y, André P, Wagtmann N, Piersma S, van der Burg SH. Abstract A97: The inhibitory receptor NKG2A acts as a checkpoint on CD8 T cells in the context of cancer vaccines. Cancer Immunol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6074.tumimm18-a97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that high HLA-E expression in ovarian carcinoma and NSCLC may neutralize the survival benefit of T-cell infiltration, suggesting NKG2A could represent an immune checkpoint. Here, we demonstrate higher frequencies of NKG2A+CD8+ T cells in TIL samples obtained from human HNSCC biopsies in patients with measurable immune reactivity to HPV16-viral antigens. CyTOF analysis suggested that this T-cell subset harbored an CD103+ effector phenotype. In mouse tumor models, therapeutic cancer vaccines increased the frequency of NKG2A+-positive CD8+ TIL up to 80%. Expression of Qa-1, the mouse homologue of HLA-E, on tumor cells also increased after cancer vaccinations. In vitro studies revealed that upregulation of Qa-1 was mediated by T cell-derived IFNγ. Blockade of this inhibiting NKG2A-Qa-1 axis by antibody improved the T-cell mediated rejection of tumors and, in addition, genetic knockdown of Qa-1 in three different tumor models recapitulated this finding. Blocking of NKG2A as a stand-alone treatment was not effective, indicating that NKG2A constitutes an adaptive resistance mechanism in response to CD8 T-cell activation. In conclusion, NKG2A is enriched on CD8+ TIL and functions as an immune checkpoint that restrains therapeutic efficacy of cancer vaccines.
Citation Format: Thorbald van Hall, Nadine van Montfoort, Linda Borst, Michael J. Korrer, Young Kim, Pascale André, Nicolai Wagtmann, Sytse Piersma, Sjoerd H. van der Burg. The inhibitory receptor NKG2A acts as a checkpoint on CD8 T cells in the context of cancer vaccines [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2018 Nov 27-30; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(4 Suppl):Abstract nr A97.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorbald van Hall
- 1Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands,
| | - Nadine van Montfoort
- 1Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands,
| | - Linda Borst
- 1Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands,
| | | | - Young Kim
- 2Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN,
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18
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Peretto N, Rigby A, Adam R, Ade P, André P, Andrianasolo A, Aussel H, Bacmann A, Beelen A, Benoît A, Bideaud A, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, Comis B, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen E, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez J, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Motte F, Perotto L, Pisano G, Ponthieu N, Revéret V, Ristorcelli I, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Zylka R. GASTON: Galactic Star Formation with NIKA2 A new population of cold massive sources discovered. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202022800018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding where and when the mass of stars is determined is one of the fundamental, mostly unsolved, questions in astronomy. Here, we present the first results of GASTON, the Galactic Star Formation with NIKA2 large programme on the IRAM 30m telescope, that aims to identify new populations of low-brightness sources to tackle the question of stellar mass determination across all masses. In this paper, we focus on the high-mass star formation part of the project, for which we map a ~ 2 deg2 region of the Galactic plane around l = 24° in both 1.2 mm and 2.0 mm continuum. Half-way through the project, we reach a sensitivity of 3.7 mJy/beam at 1.2mm. Even though larger than our target sensitivity of 2 mJy, the current sensitivity already allows the identification of a new population of cold, compact sources that remained undetected in any (sub-)mm Galactic plane survey so far. In fact, about 25% of the ~ 1600 compact sources identified in the 1.2mm GASTON image are new detections. We present a preliminary analysis of the physical properties of the GASTON sources as a function of their evolutionary stage, arguing for a potential evolution of the mass distribution of these sources with time.
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Mayet F, Adam R, Ade P, André P, Andrianasolo A, Arnaud M, Aussel H, Bartalucci I, Beelen A, Benoît A, Bideaud A, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, Comis B, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen E, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez J, Mauskopf P, Monfardini A, Perotto L, Pisano G, Pointecouteau E, Ponthieu N, Pratt G, Revéret V, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Zylka R. Cluster cosmology with the NIKA2 SZ Large Program. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202022800017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The main limiting factor of cosmological analyses based on thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) cluster statistics comes from the bias and systematic uncertainties that affect the estimates of the mass of galaxy clusters. High-angular resolution SZ observations at high redshift are needed to study a potential redshift or morphology dependence of both the mean pressure profile and of the mass-observable scaling relation used in SZ cosmological analyses. The NIKA2 camera is a new generation continuum instrument installed at the IRAM 30-m telescope. With a large field of view, a high angular resolution and a high-sensitivity, the NIKA2 camera has unique SZ mapping capabilities. In this paper, we present the NIKA2 SZ large program, aiming at observing a large sample of clusters at redshifts between 0.5 and 0.9, and the characterization of the first cluster oberved with NIKA2.
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20
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Ruppin F, Adam R, Ade P, André P, Andrianasolo A, Arnaud M, Aussel H, Bartalucci I, Bautz M, Beelen A, Benoît A, Bideaud A, Bourrion O, Brodwin M, Calvo M, Catalano A, Comis B, Decker B, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen EFC, Eisenhardt PRM, Gomez A, Gonzalez AH, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez J, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, McDonald M, Monfardini A, Moravec E, Perotto L, Pisano G, Pointecouteau E, Ponthieu N, Pratt GW, Revéret V, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Stanford SA, Stern D, Tucker C, Zylka R. Mapping the gas thermodynamic properties of the massive cluster merger MOO J1142+1527 at z = 1.2. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202022800026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the results of the analysis of the very massive cluster MOO J1142+1527 at a redshift z = 1.2 based on high angular resolution NIKA2 Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) andChandraX-ray data. This multi-wavelength analysis enables us to estimate the shape of the temperature profile with unprecedented precision at this redshift and to obtain a map of the gas entropy distribution averaged along the line of sight. The comparison between the cluster morphological properties observed in the NIKA2 andChandramaps together with the analysis of the entropy map allows us to conclude that MOOJ1142+1527 is an on-going merger hosting a cool-core at the position of the X-ray peak. This work demonstrates how the addition of spatially-resolved SZ observations to low signal-to-noise X-ray data can bring valuable insights on the intracluster medium thermodynamic properties atz>1.
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Ritacco A, Adam R, Ade P, Ajeddig H, André P, Andrianasolo A, Aussel H, Beelen A, Benoît A, Bideaud A, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, Comis B, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen E, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez J, Mauskopf P, Maury A, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Perotto L, Pisano G, Ponthieu N, Revéret V, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shimajiri Y, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Zylka R. Observing with NIKA2Pol from the IRAM 30m telescope : Early results on the commissioning phase. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202022800022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The NIKA2 polarization channel at 260 GHz (1.15 mm) has been proposed primarily to observe galactic star-forming regions and probe the critical scales between 0.01-0.05 pc at which magnetic field lines may channel the matter of interstellar filaments into growing dense cores. The NIKA2 polarime-ter consists of a room temperature continuously rotating multi-mesh HWP and a cold polarizer that separates the two orthogonal polarizations onto two 260 GHz KIDs arrays. We describe in this paper the preliminary results obtained during the most recent commissioning campaign performed in December 2018. We concentrate here on the analysis of the extended sources, while the observation of compact sources is presented in a companion paper [12]. We present preliminary NIKA2 polarization maps of the Crab nebula. We find that the integrated polarization intensity flux measured by NIKA2 is consistent with expectations. In terms of polarization angle, we are still limited by systematic uncertainties that will be further investigated in the forthcoming commissioning campaigns.
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Lestrade JF, Augereau JC, Booth M, Adam R, Ade P, André P, Andrianasolo A, Aussel H, Beelen A, Benoît A, Bideaud A, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, Comis B, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen E, Gomez A, Goupy J, Holland W, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lefèvre C, Macías-Pérez J, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Perotto L, Pisano G, Ponthieu N, Revéret V, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Thébault P, Tucker C, Zylka R. Debris disks around stars in the NIKA2 era. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202022800015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The new NIKA2 camera at the IRAM 30m radiotelescope was used to observe three known debris disks in order to constrain the SED of their dust emission in the millimeter wavelength domain. We have found that the spectral index between the two NIKA2 bands (1mm and 2mm) is consistent with the Rayleigh-Jeans regime (λ-2), unlike the steeper spectra (λ-3) measured in the submillimeter-wavelength domain for two of the three disks - around the stars Vega and HD107146. We provide a succesful proof of concept to model this spectral inversion in using two populations of dust grains, those smaller and those larger than a grain radius a0 of 0.5mm. This is obtained in breaking the slope of the size distribution and the functional form of the absorption coefficient of the standard model. The third disk - around the star HR8799 - does not exhibit this spectral inversion but is also the youngest.
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23
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Cornen S, André P, Gauthier L, Morel Y, Vivier É. [Natural killer cells: promising targets in cancer therapy]. Med Sci (Paris) 2020; 35:990-992. [PMID: 31903904 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2019195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
L’immuno-oncologie est une approche d’immunothérapie novatrice qui change le traitement des cancers en stimulant la capacité du système immunitaire à reconnaître et éliminer les cellules tumorales. Cette approche a pour but de mettre en place une immuno-surveillance anti-tumorale durable chez des patients pour lesquels les thérapies conventionnelles ont échoué.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Éric Vivier
- Innate Pharma, Marseille, France - Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France - Service d'Immunologie, Marseille Immunopole, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
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Roussel H, Ponthieu N, Adam R, Ade P, André P, Andrianasolo A, Aussel H, Beelen A, Benoît A, Bideaud A, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, Comis B, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen EFC, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez J, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Perotto L, Pisano G, Revéret V, Ritacco A, Romero C, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Zylka R. NIKA2 mapping and cross-instrument SED extraction of extended sources with Scanamorphos. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202022800024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The steps taken to tailor to NIKA2 observations the Scanamorphos algorithm (initially developed to subtract low-frequency noise from Herschel on-the-fly observations) are described, focussing on the consequences of the different instrument architecture and observation strategy. The method, making the most extensive use of the redundancy built in the multi-scan coverage with large arrays of a given region of the sky, is applicable to extended sources, while the pipeline is so far optimized for compact sources. An example of application is given. A related tool to build consistent broadband SEDs from 60 microns to 2 mm, combining Herschel and NIKA2 data, has also been developed. Its main task is to process the data least affected by low-frequency noise and coverage limitations (i.e. the Herschel data) through the same transfer function as the NIKA2 data, simulating the same scan geometry and applying the same noise and atmospheric signal as extracted from the 1mm and 2mm data.
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25
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Ritacco A, Adam R, Ade P, André P, Andrianasolo A, Aussel H, Beelen A, Benoît A, Bideaud A, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, Comis B, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen E, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez J, Mauskopf P, Maury A, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Perotto L, Pisano G, Ponthieu N, Revéret V, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Zylka R. The NIKA polarimeter on science targets: Crab nebula observations at 150 GHz and dual-band polarization images of Orion Molecular Cloud OMC-1. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202022800021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present here the polarization system of the NIKA camera and give a summary of the main results obtained and performed studies on Orion and the Crab nebula. The polarization system was equipped with a room temperature continuously rotating multi-mesh half wave plate and a grid polarizer facing the NIKA cryostat window. NIKA even though less sensitive than NIKA2 had polarization capability in both 1 and 2 millimiter bands. NIKA polarization observations demonstrated the ability of such a technology in detecting the polarization of different targets, compact and extended sources like the Crab nebula and Orion Molecular Cloud region OMC-1. These measurements together with the developed techniques to deal with systematics, opened the way to the current observations of NIKA2 in polarization that will provide important advances in the studies of galactic and extra-galactic emission and magnetic fields.
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Macías-Pérez J, Adam R, Ade P, André P, Andrianasolo A, Aussel H, Arnaud M, Bartalucci I, Beelen A, Benoît A, Bideaud A, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, Comis B, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen E, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kéruzoré F, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Perotto L, Pisano G, Pointecouteau E, Ponthieu N, Pratt G, Revéret V, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Zylka R. NIKA: a mm camera for Sunyaev-Zel’dovich science in clusters of galaxies. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202022800016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Clusters of galaxies, the largest bound objects in the Universe, constitute a cosmological probe of choice, which is sensitive to both dark matter and dark energy. Within this framework, the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) effect has opened a new window for the detection of clusters of galaxies and for the characterization of their physical properties such as mass, pressure and temperature. NIKA, a KID-based dual band camera installed at the IRAM 30-m telescope, was particularly well adapted in terms of frequency, angular resolution, field-of-view and sensitivity, for the mapping of the thermal and kinetic SZ effect in high-redshift clusters. In this paper, we present the NIKA cluster sample and a review of the main results obtained via the measurement of the SZ effect on those clusters: reconstruction of the cluster radial pressure profile, mass, temperature and velocity.
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Kéruzoré F, Adam R, Ade P, André P, Andrianasolo A, Arnaud M, Aussel H, Bartalucci I, Beelen A, Benoît A, Bideaud A, Bourrion O, Calvo M, Catalano A, Comis B, De Petris M, Désert FX, Doyle S, Driessen E, Gomez A, Goupy J, Kramer C, Ladjelate B, Lagache G, Leclercq S, Lestrade JF, Macías-Pérez J, Mauskopf P, Mayet F, Monfardini A, Perotto L, Pisano G, Pointecouteau E, Ponthieu N, Pratt G, Revéret V, Ritacco A, Romero C, Roussel H, Ruppin F, Schuster K, Shu S, Sievers A, Tucker C, Zylka R. A low-mass galaxy cluster as a test-case study for the NIKA2 SZ Large Program. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202022800012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-resolution mapping of the hot gas in galaxy clusters is a key tool for cluster-based cosmological analyses. Taking advantage of the NIKA2 millimeter camera operated at the IRAM 30-m telescope, the NIKA2 SZ Large Program seeks to get a high-resolution follow-up of 45 galaxy clusters covering a wide mass range at high redshift in order to re-calibrate some of the tools needed for the cosmological exploitation of SZ surveys. We present the second cluster analysis of this program, targeting one of the faintest sources of the sample in order to tackle the difficulties in data reduction for such faint, low-SNR clusters. In this study, the main challenge is the precise estimation of the contamination by sub-millimetric point sources, which greatly affects the tSZ map of the cluster. We account for this contamination by performing a joint fit of the SZ signal and of the flux density of the compact sources. A prior knowledge of these fluxes is given by the adjustment of the SED of each source using data from both NIKA2 and the Herschel satellite. The first results are very promising and demonstrate the possibility to estimate thermodynamic properties with NIKA2, even in a compact cluster heavily contaminated by point sources.
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van Hall T, André P, Horowitz A, Ruan DF, Borst L, Zerbib R, Narni-Mancinelli E, van der Burg SH, Vivier E. Monalizumab: inhibiting the novel immune checkpoint NKG2A. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:263. [PMID: 31623687 PMCID: PMC6798508 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0761-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The implementation of immune checkpoint inhibitors to the oncology clinic signified a new era in cancer treatment. After the first indication of melanoma, an increasing list of additional cancer types are now treated with immune system targeting antibodies to PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4, alleviating inhibition signals on T cells. Recently, we published proof-of-concept results on a novel checkpoint inhibitor, NKG2A. This receptor is expressed on cytotoxic lymphocytes, including NK cells and subsets of activated CD8+ T cells. Blocking antibodies to NKG2A unleashed the reactivity of these effector cells resulting in tumor control in multiple mouse models and an early clinical trial. Monalizumab is inhibiting this checkpoint in human beings and future clinical trials will have to reveal its potency in combination with other cancer treatment options.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Disease Models, Animal
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/metabolism
- Humans
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Mice
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily C/antagonists & inhibitors
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily C/immunology
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily C/metabolism
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neoplasms/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
- HLA-E Antigens
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorbald van Hall
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Pascale André
- Innate Pharma Research Labs, Innate Pharma, Marseille, France
| | - Amir Horowitz
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Precision Immunology Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Dan Fu Ruan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Precision Immunology Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Linda Borst
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Zerbib
- Innate Pharma Research Labs, Innate Pharma, Marseille, France
| | - Emilie Narni-Mancinelli
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Sjoerd H van der Burg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Eric Vivier
- Innate Pharma Research Labs, Innate Pharma, Marseille, France.
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France.
- Service d'Immunologie, Marseille Immunopole, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.
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Cohen R, Lefebvre G, Posner M, Bauman J, Salas S, Even C, Saada-Bouzid E, Seiwert T, Colevas D, Calmels F, Zerbib R, André P, Boyer-Chammard A, Fayette J. Monalizumab in combination with cetuximab in patients (pts) with recurrent or metastatic (R/M) head and neck cancer (SCCHN) previously treated or not with PD-(L)1 inhibitors (IO): 1-year survival data. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz252.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Lamoth F, Mercier T, André P, Pagani JL, Pantet O, Maduri R, Guery B, Decosterd LA. Isavuconazole brain penetration in cerebral aspergillosis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 74:1751-1753. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkz050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Lamoth
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - T Mercier
- Service and Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P André
- Service and Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J L Pagani
- Service of Intensive Care Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - O Pantet
- Service of Intensive Care Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R Maduri
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Service of Neurosurgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - B Guery
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L A Decosterd
- Service and Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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van Montfoort N, Borst L, Korrer MJ, Sluijter M, Marijt KA, Santegoets SJ, van Ham VJ, Ehsan I, Charoentong P, André P, Wagtmann N, Welters MJP, Kim YJ, Piersma SJ, van der Burg SH, van Hall T. NKG2A Blockade Potentiates CD8 T Cell Immunity Induced by Cancer Vaccines. Cell 2018; 175:1744-1755.e15. [PMID: 30503208 PMCID: PMC6354585 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells were found to frequently express the inhibitory receptor NKG2A, particularly in immune-reactive environments and after therapeutic cancer vaccination. High-dimensional cluster analysis demonstrated that NKG2A marks a unique immune effector subset preferentially co-expressing the tissue-resident CD103 molecule, but not immune checkpoint inhibitors. To examine whether NKG2A represented an adaptive resistance mechanism to cancer vaccination, we blocked the receptor with an antibody and knocked out its ligand Qa-1b, the conserved ortholog of HLA-E, in four mouse tumor models. The impact of therapeutic vaccines was greatly potentiated by disruption of the NKG2A/Qa-1b axis even in a PD-1 refractory mouse model. NKG2A blockade therapy operated through CD8 T cells, but not NK cells. These findings indicate that NKG2A-blocking antibodies might improve clinical responses to therapeutic cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine van Montfoort
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Linda Borst
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Michael J Korrer
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Marjolein Sluijter
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Koen A Marijt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia J Santegoets
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Vanessa J van Ham
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ilina Ehsan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Pornpimol Charoentong
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Marij J P Welters
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Young J Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sytse J Piersma
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sjoerd H van der Burg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Thorbald van Hall
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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André P, Denis C, Soulas C, Bourbon-Caillet C, Lopez J, Arnoux T, Bléry M, Bonnafous C, Gauthier L, Morel A, Rossi B, Remark R, Breso V, Bonnet E, Habif G, Guia S, Lalanne AI, Hoffmann C, Lantz O, Fayette J, Boyer-Chammard A, Zerbib R, Dodion P, Ghadially H, Jure-Kunkel M, Morel Y, Herbst R, Narni-Mancinelli E, Cohen RB, Vivier E. Anti-NKG2A mAb Is a Checkpoint Inhibitor that Promotes Anti-tumor Immunity by Unleashing Both T and NK Cells. Cell 2018; 175:1731-1743.e13. [PMID: 30503213 PMCID: PMC6292840 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 721] [Impact Index Per Article: 120.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer treatment. However, only a minority of patients respond to these immunotherapies. Here, we report that blocking the inhibitory NKG2A receptor enhances tumor immunity by promoting both natural killer (NK) and CD8+ T cell effector functions in mice and humans. Monalizumab, a humanized anti-NKG2A antibody, enhanced NK cell activity against various tumor cells and rescued CD8+ T cell function in combination with PD-x axis blockade. Monalizumab also stimulated NK cell activity against antibody-coated target cells. Interim results of a phase II trial of monalizumab plus cetuximab in previously treated squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck showed a 31% objective response rate. Most common adverse events were fatigue (17%), pyrexia (13%), and headache (10%). NKG2A targeting with monalizumab is thus a novel checkpoint inhibitory mechanism promoting anti-tumor immunity by enhancing the activity of both T and NK cells, which may complement first-generation immunotherapies against cancer. Blocking NKG2A unleashes both T and NK cell effector functions Combined blocking of the NKG2A and the PD-1 axis promotes anti-tumor immunity Blocking NKG2A and triggering CD16 illustrates the efficacy of dual checkpoint therapy
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale André
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France.
| | - Caroline Denis
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Soulas
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | | | - Julie Lopez
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Arnoux
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Mathieu Bléry
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Ariane Morel
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Benjamin Rossi
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Romain Remark
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Violette Breso
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Elodie Bonnet
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Habif
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Guia
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Ana Ines Lalanne
- Unité INSERM U932, Immunité et Cancer, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Caroline Hoffmann
- Unité INSERM U932, Immunité et Cancer, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris Cedex 5, France; Service ORL et Chirurgie cervico-faciale, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Olivier Lantz
- Unité INSERM U932, Immunité et Cancer, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | | | | | - Robert Zerbib
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Dodion
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Hormas Ghadially
- MedImmune, Ltd., Aaron Klug Building, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | | | - Yannis Morel
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Ronald Herbst
- MedImmune, LLC, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Emilie Narni-Mancinelli
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Roger B Cohen
- Abramson Cancer Center, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard West Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eric Vivier
- Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France; Service d'Immunologie, Marseille Immunopole, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13005 Marseille, France.
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33
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Cohen R, Fayette J, Posner M, Lefebvre G, Bauman J, Salas S, Even C, Seiwert T, Colevas D, Jimeno A, Saada E, Burtness B, André P, Paturel C, Bonnafous C, Soulié AM, Tirouvanziam-Martin A, Zerbib R, Boyer-Chammard A. Abstract CT158: Phase II study of monalizumab, a first-in-class NKG2A monoclonal antibody, in combination with cetuximab in previously treated recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M SCCHN): Preliminary assessment of safety and efficacy. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-ct158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background Monalizumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting NKG2A receptors expressed on subsets of tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic CD8 T cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells. NKG2A ligand is HLA-E, a non-classical HLA class I molecule often upregulated in cancer. Preclinical experiments have shown that blocking NKG2A binding to HLA-E may promote NK and T cell anti-tumor responses. NK cell stimulation with a checkpoint inhibitor might also enhance antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) induced by cetuximab. Although approved in SCCHN after platinum-based therapy, cetuximab has limited activity in that setting (12% response rate).
Methods This is a multicenter non-randomized study (NCT02643550). After previous exploration of 5 dose levels of monalizumab (0.4, 1, 2, 4 or 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks) in combination with fixed doses of cetuximab (400 mg/m² load then 250 weekly) using a 3+3 design, the cohort expansion used monalizumab at the highest dose tested (10 mg/kg) and included a futility analysis after the first 11 patients (pts). The trial was open to pts ≥ 18 years old with SCCHN progressing after platinum-based therapy with no more than 2 previous lines, regardless of HLA-E or human papilloma virus status. The primary endpoint for anti-tumor activity was overall response rate per RECIST, assessed every 8 weeks. Pts were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Results As of 12/19/2017, 26 pts were enrolled in the expansion part, and 16 pts had a minimum of 16 weeks of follow-up to be evaluable for efficacy. The safety profile was as expected, similar to the single agent experience with either agent. The majority of adverse events (AE) were of Grade 1-2 severity, rapidly reversible and easily manageable, with 3 treatment-related grade 3-4 AE and 1 pt stopped monalizumab due to safety. Median age was 62 years (range: 34-77); 56 % were male; PS was 0 or 1; 4 were HPV+. All 16 pts had received prior platinum-based therapy, 8 prior immune therapy, 2 prior cetuximab with radiation. There were 6 pts with partial responses (PR) (4 confirmed; 2 not yet confirmed) of whom 2 were previously treated with immune therapy and 1 had disease deemed resistant to cetuximab. Median treatment duration for confirmed PR is 25+ weeks (16, 23+, 28+, 35+), 9 pts had stable disease (SD). The study was not stopped for futility and is planned to enroll up to 40 pts. Further follow-up is needed to evaluate duration of response, progression-free and overall survival.
Conclusion Preliminary data suggest promising antitumor activity of the combination of monalizumab and cetuximab compared to historical data with single agent cetuximab, with acceptable safety. These encouraging results will need to be confirmed on larger sample size with longer follow up.
Citation Format: Roger Cohen, Jérôme Fayette, Marshall Posner, Gautier Lefebvre, Jessica Bauman, Sébastien Salas, Caroline Even, Tanguy Seiwert, Dimitrios Colevas, Antonio Jimeno, Esma Saada, Barbara Burtness, Pascale André, Carine Paturel, Cécile Bonnafous, Anne-Marie Soulié, Anne Tirouvanziam-Martin, Robert Zerbib, Agnès Boyer-Chammard. Phase II study of monalizumab, a first-in-class NKG2A monoclonal antibody, in combination with cetuximab in previously treated recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M SCCHN): Preliminary assessment of safety and efficacy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr CT158.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Esma Saada
- 11Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
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Vey N, Karlin L, Sadot-Lebouvier S, Broussais F, Berton-Rigaud D, Rey J, Charbonnier A, Marie D, André P, Paturel C, Zerbib R, Bennouna J, Salles G, Gonçalves A. A phase 1 study of lirilumab (antibody against killer immunoglobulin-like receptor antibody KIR2D; IPH2102) in patients with solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Oncotarget 2018; 9:17675-17688. [PMID: 29707140 PMCID: PMC5915148 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Anti-KIR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can enhance the antitumor responses of natural killer (NK) cells. We evaluated the safety of the anti-KIR2D mAb lirilumab in patients with various cancers. Experimental design Thirty-seven patients with hematological malignancies (n = 22) or solid tumors (n = 15) were included in the study. Dose escalation (0.015 to 10 mg/kg) was conducted following a 3 + 3 design. Patients were scheduled to receive four cycles of treatment. In a second (extension) phase 17 patients were treated at 0.015 (n = 9) or 3 mg/kg (n = 8). Results No dose-limiting toxicity was recorded. The most frequent lirilumab-related adverse events were pruritus (19%), asthenia (16%), fatigue (14%), infusion-related reaction (14%), and headache (11%), mostly mild or moderate. Pharmacokinetics was dose-dependent and linear, with minimal accumulation resulting from the 4-weekly repeated administrations. Full KIR occupancy (>95%) was achieved with all dosages, and the duration of occupancy was dose-related. No significant changes were observed in the number or distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations, nor was any reduction in the distribution of KIR2D-positive NK cells. Conclusions This phase 1 trial demonstrated the satisfactory safety profile of lirilumab up to doses that enable full and sustained blockade of KIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Vey
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Lionel Karlin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon Sud, Service d'Hématologie, Pierre Bénite, France
| | | | | | | | - Jérôme Rey
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jaafar Bennouna
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest-Site René Gauducheau, St Herblain, France
| | - Gilles Salles
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon Sud, Service d'Hématologie, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Anthony Gonçalves
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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Proctor GB, André P, Lopez‐Garcia E, Gomez Cabrero Lopez D, Neyraud E, Feart C, Rodriguez Artalejo F, García‐Esquinas E, Morzel M. The SALAMANDER project: SALivAry bioMarkers of mediterraneAN Diet associated with long‐tERm protection against type 2 diabetes. NUTR BULL 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - P. André
- University of Bordeaux Bordeaux France
| | - E. Lopez‐Garcia
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
- IMDEA‐Food Institute Madrid Spain
| | | | - E. Neyraud
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) Dijon France
| | - C. Feart
- University of Bordeaux Bordeaux France
| | | | | | - M. Morzel
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) Dijon France
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36
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Rayner TSM, Griffin MJ, Schneider N, Motte F, Kӧnyves V, André P, Di Francesco J, Didelon P, Pattle K, Ward-Thompson D, Anderson LD, Benedettini M, Bernard JP, Bontemps S, Elia D, Fuente A, Hennemann M, Hill T, Kirk J, Marsh K, Men’shchikov A, Nguyen Luong Q, Peretto N, Pezzuto S, Rivera-Ingraham A, Roy A, Rygl K, Sánchez-Monge Á, Spinoglio L, Tigé J, Treviño-Morales SP, White GJ. Far-infrared observations of a massive cluster forming in the Monoceros R2 filament hub ⋆. Astron Astrophys 2017; 607:A22. [PMID: 31844331 PMCID: PMC6914369 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201630039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present far-infrared observations of Monoceros R2 (a giant molecular cloud at approximately 830 pc distance, containing several sites of active star formation), as observed at 70 μm, 160 μm, 250 μm, 350 μm, and 500 μm by the Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) and Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) instruments on the Herschel Space Observatory as part of the Herschel imaging survey of OB young stellar objects (HOBYS) Key programme. The Herschel data are complemented by SCUBA-2 data in the submillimetre range, and WISE and Spitzer data in the mid-infrared. In addition, C18O data from the IRAM 30-m Telescope are presented, and used for kinematic information. Sources were extracted from the maps with getsources, and from the fluxes measured, spectral energy distributions were constructed, allowing measurements of source mass and dust temperature. Of 177 Herschel sources robustly detected in the region (a detection with high signal-to-noise and low axis ratio at multiple wavelengths), including protostars and starless cores, 29 are found in a filamentary hub at the centre of the region (a little over 1% of the observed area). These objects are on average smaller, more massive, and more luminous than those in the surrounding regions (which together suggest that they are at a later stage of evolution), a result that cannot be explained entirely by selection effects. These results suggest a picture in which the hub may have begun star formation at a point significantly earlier than the outer regions, possibly forming as a result of feedback from earlier star formation. Furthermore, the hub may be sustaining its star formation by accreting material from the surrounding filaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. S. M. Rayner
- Cardiff School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University,
Queen’s Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff, Wales, CF24 3AA, UK
| | - M. J. Griffin
- Cardiff School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University,
Queen’s Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff, Wales, CF24 3AA, UK
| | - N. Schneider
- I. Physik. Institut, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne,
Germany
- Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux,
CNRS, B18N, allée G. Saint-Hilaire, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - F. Motte
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut de Planetologie et
d’Astrophysique de Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Laboratoire AIM, CEA/IRFU – CNRS/INSU –
Université Paris Diderot, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex,
France
| | - V. Kӧnyves
- Laboratoire AIM, CEA/IRFU – CNRS/INSU –
Université Paris Diderot, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex,
France
| | - P. André
- Laboratoire AIM, CEA/IRFU – CNRS/INSU –
Université Paris Diderot, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex,
France
| | | | - P. Didelon
- Laboratoire AIM, CEA/IRFU – CNRS/INSU –
Université Paris Diderot, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex,
France
| | - K. Pattle
- Jeremiah Horrocks Institute, University of Central Lancashire,
Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| | - D. Ward-Thompson
- Jeremiah Horrocks Institute, University of Central Lancashire,
Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| | - L. D. Anderson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University,
Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - M. Benedettini
- INAF – Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, via
Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - J-P. Bernard
- Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, Toulouse,
France
| | - S. Bontemps
- Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux,
CNRS, B18N, allée G. Saint-Hilaire, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - D. Elia
- INAF – Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, via
Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - A. Fuente
- Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (OAN), Apdo 112, E-28803
Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Hennemann
- Laboratoire AIM, CEA/IRFU – CNRS/INSU –
Université Paris Diderot, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex,
France
| | - T. Hill
- Laboratoire AIM, CEA/IRFU – CNRS/INSU –
Université Paris Diderot, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex,
France
- Joint ALMA Observatory, 3107 Alonso de Cordova, Vitacura, Santiago,
Chile
| | - J. Kirk
- Jeremiah Horrocks Institute, University of Central Lancashire,
Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| | - K. Marsh
- Cardiff School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University,
Queen’s Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff, Wales, CF24 3AA, UK
| | - A. Men’shchikov
- Laboratoire AIM, CEA/IRFU – CNRS/INSU –
Université Paris Diderot, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex,
France
| | - Q. Nguyen Luong
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, 776 Daedeokdae-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-348, Republic of Korea
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Chile Observatory,
2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
| | - N. Peretto
- Cardiff School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University,
Queen’s Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff, Wales, CF24 3AA, UK
| | - S. Pezzuto
- INAF – Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, via
Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | | | - A. Roy
- Laboratoire AIM, CEA/IRFU – CNRS/INSU –
Université Paris Diderot, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex,
France
| | - K. Rygl
- INAF – Istituto di Radioastronomia, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129
Bologna, Italy
| | - Á. Sánchez-Monge
- I. Physik. Institut, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne,
Germany
| | - L. Spinoglio
- INAF – Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, via
Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - J. Tigé
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LAM (Laboratoire
d’Astrophysique de Marseille) UMR 7326, 13388 Marseille, France
| | - S. P. Treviño-Morales
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC), Sor Juana
Inés de la Cruz 3, E-28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - G. J. White
- The Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0NL,
UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Open University, Milton
Keynes, UK
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André P, Nadeau-Routhier C, Champagne J, Philippon F, Sarrazin J, Nault I, O’Hara G, Blier L, Molin F, Plourde B, Roy K, Larose E, Arsenault M, Steinberg C. VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIA IN APICAL AND SEPTAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY: THE FRENCH-CANADIAN EXPERIENCE. Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Cohen RB, Salas S, Even C, Kotecki N, Jimeno A, Soulié AM, Tirouvanziam-Martin A, Zerbib R, André P, Boyer-Chammard A, Fayette J. Abstract 5666: Safety of the first-in-class anti-NKG2A monoclonal antibody monalizumab in combination with cetuximab: a phase Ib/II study in recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M SCCHN). Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-5666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background:
Monalizumab (IPH2201) is a first-in-class immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting CD94-NKG2A receptors expressed on tumor infiltrating cytotoxic CD8 T lymphocytes and NK cells. HLA-E, the ligand of this inhibitory checkpoint receptor is up-regulated in SCCHN, protecting cancer from killing by CD94-NKG2A+ cells. Monalizumab blocks binding of CD94-NKG2A to HLA-E, reducing inhibitory signaling and thereby enhancing NK and T cell anti-tumor responses. Cetuximab is an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody blocking oncogenic signaling and inducing Fcγ receptor-mediated antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). In vitro cetuximab-mediated ADCC is inhibited by HLA-E expression on target cells and this inhibition can be circumvented with CD94-NKG2A blockade. Combination of monalizumab and cetuximab might provide greater antitumor activity than either drug alone.
Methods:
A multicenter, non-randomized dose-escalation and expansion study is evaluating monalizumab plus cetuximab in patients with R/M SCCHN (NCT02643550). Patients ≥ 18 years who progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy (regardless of the number of previous lines of treatment) were enrolled, without regard to HLA-E or human papilloma virus status. Using a 3+3 design, 5 dose levels of monalizumab (0.4, 1, 2, 4 or 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks) were explored with fixed doses of cetuximab (400 mg/m² load followed by 250 mg/m² weekly). Patients were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary objective was to evaluate safety and Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT). The secondary objectives were to estimate the Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) and the Recommended Phase II Dose (RP2D), and to determine the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and immunogenicity of the combination.
Results:
Enrolment began in December, 2015. As of October 11, 2016, 13 patients with R/M SCCHN were enrolled at dose levels 0.4, 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg. Median age was 60 years (range: 40-74); 92% were male; PS was 0 or 1; all patients had received prior systemic therapy (1 prior line in 1 patient and > 2
lines in 12 patients) for R/M SCCHN including platinum based chemotherapy (100% of the patients) and cetuximab (85%). There were no DLTs, infusion related reactions, immune related disorders or deaths related to treatment. No discontinuation attributable to treatment-related adverse events and no treatment-related grade 3 and 4 adverse events were reported, except fatigue (grade 3) in one patient. Updated data including pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics on the full dose escalation part will be presented.
Conclusion:
Monalizumab + cetuximab were well tolerated with no additional safety concerns compared to monalizumab or cetuximab alone. The dose-expansion phase of the study will be initiated in the near future.
Citation Format: Roger B. Cohen, Sébastien Salas, Caroline Even, Nuria Kotecki, Antonio Jimeno, Anne-Marie Soulié, Anne Tirouvanziam-Martin, Robert Zerbib, Pascale André, Agnès Boyer-Chammard, Jérôme Fayette. Safety of the first-in-class anti-NKG2A monoclonal antibody monalizumab in combination with cetuximab: a phase Ib/II study in recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M SCCHN) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5666. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-5666
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sébastien Salas
- 2Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Antonio Jimeno
- 5University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Denver, CO
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Butcher L, Pérès K, André P, Walter S, Dartigues J, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Feart C, Erusalimsky J. COGNITIVE STATUS IS ASSOCIATED WITH CCL11 IN OLDER RURAL DWELLERS: FINDINGS FROM THE FRAILOMIC STUDY. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.2084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L. Butcher
- Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom,
| | - K. Pérès
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France,
| | - P. André
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France,
| | - S. Walter
- Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - C. Feart
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France,
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Hall TV, Montfoort NV, Piersma S, Sluijter M, Welters MJ, André P, Wagtmann N, Burg SHVD. Abstract 2999: NKG2A checkpoint receptor expression on tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells restrains efficacy of immunotherapy. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-2999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The inhibitory receptor CD94-NKG2A is expressed on subsets of NK cells and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, but not CD4+ T helper cells. It’s ligand is the non-classical MHC class I molecule HLA-E, commonly over-expressed in human cancers. We previously demonstrated that high HLA-E expression in ovarian carcinoma and NSCLC may neutralize the survival benefit of T cell infiltration, suggesting that NKG2A could represent an immune checkpoint that tumors may exploit for immune evasion. We thus examined NKG2A expression on human and mouse Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) populations and tested blockade of this receptor in mouse tumor models. Multicolor flow cytometry analysis showed higher frequency of NKG2A+CD8+ T cells in TIL samples obtained from biopsies of human head- and neck- carcinomas (n=17) compared to peripheral blood CD8+ T cells. Frequency of NKG2A+ TIL was higher in patients with measurable immune reactivity to HPV16-viral antigens than in patients without tumor immunity (14.8% vs 4.7%, respectively). Interestingly, only subsets of the NKG2A+ T cells co-expressed other inhibitory receptors, including PD-1 and TIM3, suggesting the existence of a ‘dedicated’ T cell subset for NKG2A. In our mouse tumor models we observed similar findings and, moreover, demonstrated that therapeutic vaccines comprising tumor antigens increased the frequency of NKG2A+-positive CD8+ TIL up to 80%. Similarly, expression of Qa-1, the mouse homologue of HLA-E, on tumor cells also increased after therapeutic vaccination. As a proof of concept that the NKG2A - Qa-1 axis limits the efficacy of immunotherapy, NKG2A blocking antibodies were applied in the TC-1 model together with therapeutic peptide vaccination. Combination treatment with vaccine and NKG2A blockade significantly improved the therapeutic efficacy compared to the vaccine alone, both in terms of survival (P<0.05, median survival 44 vs 31 days) as well as overall response rate, defined as decreased tumor size of more than 30% (93.8% vs 43.8%, respectively). Similar results were obtained in Qa-1-deficient mice, suggesting that Qa-1 on tumor cells is of importance. In conclusion, inhibitory receptor NKG2A is enriched on CD8+ TIL and functions as an immune checkpoint that restrains therapeutic efficacy of a cancer vaccine.
Citation Format: Thorbald van Hall, Nadine van Montfoort, Sytse Piersma, Marjolein Sluijter, Marij J. Welters, Pascale André, Nicolai Wagtmann, Sjoerd H. van der Burg. NKG2A checkpoint receptor expression on tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells restrains efficacy of immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2999. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-2999
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sytse Piersma
- 1Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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41
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Pospori A, Marques CAF, Bang O, Webb DJ, André P. Polymer optical fiber Bragg grating inscription with a single UV laser pulse. Opt Express 2017; 25:9028-9038. [PMID: 28437977 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.009028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate the first polymer optical fiber Bragg grating inscribed with only one krypton fluoride laser pulse. The device has been recorded in a single-mode poly(methyl methacrylate) optical fiber, with a core doped with benzyl dimethyl ketal for photosensitivity enhancement. One laser pulse with a duration of 15 ns, which provide energy density of 974 mJ/cm2, is adequate to introduce a refractive index change of 0.74×10-4 in the fiber core. After the exposure, the reflectivity of the grating increases for a few minutes following a second order exponential saturation. The produced Bragg grating structure rejects 17.9 dB transmitted power, thus providing 98.4% reflectivity, which is well suited for sensing applications. In addition, we report the importance of the fiber thermal treatment before or after the inscription, showing its effects on the lifetime and quality of the grating structures. Optimizing the irradiation conditions and the material chemical composition, a higher refractive index change in the fiber core is feasible. This demonstration significantly improves the potential for commercial exploitation of the technology.
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42
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André P, Villain F. Free radical scavenging properties of mannitol and its role as a constituent of hyaluronic acid fillers: a literature review. Int J Cosmet Sci 2017; 39:355-360. [PMID: 28027572 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Mannitol has both hydrating and antioxidant properties that make it an ideal excipient for use with hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers. This review examines the role of reactive oxygen species in the ageing process and their effects on both endogenous HA and HA products developed for aesthetic use. Evidence is presented to show that the free radical scavenging properties of mannitol provide it with a two-fold mechanism of action when combined with HA fillers: reducing the inflammation and swelling associated with the injection procedure itself, and preventing the degradation of the injected HA by free radicals. Mannitol also has a long- and well-established safety profile in both the food and pharmaceutical industry. Having established the rationale for using mannitol in combination with an HA filler, the products using this strategy are then reviewed. The addition of mannitol to HA fillers is a viable and safe option for improving both short- and long-term HA aesthetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- P André
- Paris-Université Laser Skin Clinic, 157, rue de l'Université, 75007, Paris, France
| | - F Villain
- Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH, 100 Eckenheimer Landstrasse, 60318, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Decosterd L, Widmer N, André P, Aouri M, Buclin T. The emerging role of multiplex tandem mass spectrometry analysis for therapeutic drug monitoring and personalized medicine. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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44
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Ruggeri L, Urbani E, André P, Mancusi A, Tosti A, Topini F, Bléry M, Animobono L, Romagné F, Wagtmann N, Velardi A. Effects of anti-NKG2A antibody administration on leukemia and normal hematopoietic cells. Haematologica 2016; 101:626-33. [PMID: 26721894 PMCID: PMC5004363 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2015.135301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer cells are key cells of the innate immune system. Natural killer cell receptor repertoires are diversified by a stochastic expression of killer-cell-immunoglobulin-like receptors and lectin-like receptors such as NKG2 receptors. All individuals harbor a subset of natural killer cells expressing NKG2A, the inhibitory checkpoint receptor for HLA-E. Most neoplastic and normal hematopoietic cells express HLA-E, the inhibitory ligand of NKG2A. A novel anti-human NKG2A antibody induced tumor cell death, suggesting that the antibody could be useful in the treatment of cancers expressing HLA-E. We found that immunodeficient mice, co-infused with human primary leukemia or Epstein-Barr virus cell lines and NKG2A(+) natural killer cells, pre-treated with anti-human NKG2A, were rescued from disease progression. Human NKG2A(+) natural killer cells reconstituted in immunodeficient mice after transplantation of human CD34(+) cells. These natural killer cells are able to kill engrafted human primary leukemia or Epstein-Barr virus cell lines by lysis after intraperitoneal administration of anti-human NKG2A. Thus, this anti-NKG2A may exploit the anti-leukemic action of the wave of NKG2A(+) natural killer cells recovering after hematopoietic stem cell transplants or adoptive therapy with natural killer cell infusions from matched or mismatched family donors after chemotherapy for acute leukemia, without the need to search for a natural killer cell alloreactive donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Ruggeri
- Division of Hematology and Clinical Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Elena Urbani
- Division of Hematology and Clinical Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Mancusi
- Division of Hematology and Clinical Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonella Tosti
- Division of Hematology and Clinical Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Fabiana Topini
- Division of Hematology and Clinical Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Animobono
- Division of Hematology and Clinical Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Velardi
- Division of Hematology and Clinical Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
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45
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Trémeaux P, Caporossi A, Ramière C, Santoni E, Tarbouriech N, Thélu MA, Fusillier K, Geneletti L, François O, Leroy V, Burmeister WP, André P, Morand P, Larrat S. Amplification and pyrosequencing of near-full-length hepatitis C virus for typing and monitoring antiviral resistant strains. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22:460.e1-460.e10. [PMID: 26827671 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Directly acting antiviral drugs have contributed considerable progress to hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment, but they show variable activity depending on virus genotypes and subtypes. Therefore, accurate genotyping including recombinant form detection is still of major importance, as is the detection of resistance-associated mutations in case of therapeutic failure. To meet these goals, an approach to amplify the HCV near-complete genome with a single long-range PCR and sequence it with Roche GS Junior was developed. After optimization, the overall amplification success rate was 73% for usual genotypes (i.e. HCV 1a, 1b, 3a and 4a, 16/22) and 45% for recombinant forms RF_2k/1b (5/11). After pyrosequencing and subsequent de novo assembly, a near-full-length genomic consensus sequence was obtained for 19 of 21 samples. The genotype and subtype were confirmed by phylogenetic analysis for every sample, including the suspected recombinant forms. Resistance-associated mutations were detected in seven of 13 samples at baseline, in the NS3 (n = 3) or NS5A (n = 4) region. Of these samples, the treatment of one patient included daclatasvir, and that patient experienced a relapse. Virus sequences from pre- and posttreatment samples of four patients who experienced relapse after sofosbuvir-based therapy were compared: the selected variants seem too far from the NS5B catalytic site to be held responsible. Although tested on a limited set of samples and with technical improvements still necessary, this assay has proven to be successful for both genotyping and resistance-associated variant detection on several HCV types.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Trémeaux
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, Grenoble, France; UVHCI, Grenoble, France; Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CEA, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - A Caporossi
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, Grenoble, France; Centre d'investigation clinique, Santé publique, UJF-CNRS, Grenoble, France; Laboratoire TIMC-IMAG, UMR 5525, Université de Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - C Ramière
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - E Santoni
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, Grenoble, France
| | - N Tarbouriech
- UVHCI, Grenoble, France; Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CEA, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - M-A Thélu
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - K Fusillier
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, Grenoble, France
| | - L Geneletti
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, Grenoble, France
| | - O François
- Laboratoire TIMC-IMAG, UMR 5525, Université de Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - V Leroy
- Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, CHU de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - W P Burmeister
- UVHCI, Grenoble, France; Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CEA, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - P André
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - P Morand
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, Grenoble, France; UVHCI, Grenoble, France; Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CEA, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - S Larrat
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, Grenoble, France; UVHCI, Grenoble, France; Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CEA, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
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Rivera-Munoz P, Abramowski V, Jacquot S, André P, Charrier S, Lipson-Ruffert K, Fischer A, Galy A, Cavazzana M, de Villartay JP. Lymphopoiesis in transgenic mice over-expressing Artemis. Gene Ther 2015; 23:176-86. [PMID: 26361272 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2015.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Artemis is a factor of the non-homologous end joining pathway involved in DNA double-strand break repair that has a critical role in V(D)J recombination. Mutations in DCLRE1C/ARTEMIS gene result in radiosensitive severe combined immunodeficiency in humans owing to a lack of mature T and B cells. Given the known drawbacks of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), gene therapy appears as a promising alternative for these patients. However, the safety of an unregulated expression of Artemis has to be established. We developed a transgenic mouse model expressing human Artemis under the control of the strong CMV early enhancer/chicken beta actin promoter through knock-in at the ROSA26 locus to analyze this issue. Transgenic mice present a normal development, maturation and function of T and B cells with no signs of lymphopoietic malignancies for up to 15 months. These results suggest that the over-expression of Artemis in mice (up to 40 times) has no deleterious effects in early and mature lymphoid cells and support the safety of gene therapy as a possible curative treatment for Artemis-deficient patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rivera-Munoz
- Laboratory of Genome Dynamics in the Immune System (DGSI), INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - V Abramowski
- Laboratory of Genome Dynamics in the Immune System (DGSI), INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - S Jacquot
- Institut Clinique de la Souris, PHENOMIN, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - P André
- Institut Clinique de la Souris, PHENOMIN, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | | | - K Lipson-Ruffert
- Service des Animaux Transgéaniques, UPS44, CNRS, Villejuif, France
| | - A Fischer
- Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Unité d'Immunologie et Hématologie Pédiatrique, AP/HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Collège de France, Paris, France
| | | | - M Cavazzana
- Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Unité d'Immunologie et Hématologie Pédiatrique, AP/HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - J-P de Villartay
- Laboratory of Genome Dynamics in the Immune System (DGSI), INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
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Le Guillou-Guillemette H, Ducancelle A, Bertrais S, Lemaire C, Pivert A, Veillon P, Bouthry E, Alain S, Thibault V, Abravanel F, Rosenberg AR, Henquell C, André-Garnier E, Petsaris O, Vallet S, Bour JB, Baazia Y, Trimoulet P, André P, Gaudy-Graffin C, Bettinger D, Larrat S, Signori-Schmuck A, Saoudin H, Pozzetto B, Lagathu G, Minjolle-Cha S, Stoll-Keller F, Pawlotsky JM, Izopet J, Payan C, Lunel-Fabiani F. Identification of a duplicated V3 domain in NS5A associated with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV-1b patients. J Clin Virol 2015. [PMID: 26209408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The NS5A protein of the hepatitis C virus has been shown to be involved in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. OBJECTIVES In a French multicenter study, we investigated the clinical and epidemiological features of a new HCV genotype 1b strain bearing a wide insertion into the V3 domain. STUDY DESIGN We studied NS5A gene sequences in 821 French patients infected with genotype 1b HCV. RESULTS We identified an uncharacterized V3 insertion without ORF disruption in 3.05% of the HCV sequences. The insertion comprised 31 amino-acids for the majority of patients; 3 patients had 27 amino-acids insertions and 1 had a 12 amino-acids insertion. Sequence identity between the 31 amino-acids insertions and the V3 domain ranged from 48 to 96% with E-values above 4e(-5), thus illustrating sequence homology and a partial gene duplication event that to our knowledge has never been reported in HCV. Moreover we showed the presence of the duplication at the time of infection and its persistence at least during 12 years in the entire quasispecies. No association was found with extrahepatic diseases. Conversely, patients with cirrhosis were two times more likely to have HCV with this genetic characteristic (p=0.04). Moreover, its prevalence increased with liver disease severity (from 3.0% in patients without cirrhosis to 9.4% in patients with both cirrhosis and HCC, p for trend=0.045). CONCLUSIONS We identified a duplicated V3 domain in the HCV-1b NS5A protein for the first time. The duplication may be associated with unfavorable evolution of liver disease including a possible involvement in liver carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Le Guillou-Guillemette
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Angers, France; HIFIH Laboratory, UPRES 3859, SFR 4208, LUNAM University, Angers, France.
| | - A Ducancelle
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Angers, France; HIFIH Laboratory, UPRES 3859, SFR 4208, LUNAM University, Angers, France.
| | - S Bertrais
- HIFIH Laboratory, UPRES 3859, SFR 4208, LUNAM University, Angers, France.
| | - C Lemaire
- IRHS, PRES LUNAM, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France.
| | - A Pivert
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Angers, France; HIFIH Laboratory, UPRES 3859, SFR 4208, LUNAM University, Angers, France.
| | - P Veillon
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Angers, France; HIFIH Laboratory, UPRES 3859, SFR 4208, LUNAM University, Angers, France.
| | - E Bouthry
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Angers, France; HIFIH Laboratory, UPRES 3859, SFR 4208, LUNAM University, Angers, France
| | - S Alain
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Limoges, France.
| | - V Thibault
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
| | - F Abravanel
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CNR VHE, Inserm U1043, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France.
| | - A R Rosenberg
- AP-HP, GHU Cochin, Laboratoire de Virologie, Université Paris Descartes, EA 4474 "Hepatitis C Virology", Paris, France.
| | - C Henquell
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | | | - O Petsaris
- Département de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène Hospitalière et Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHRU, LUBEM, EA3882, Brest, France.
| | - S Vallet
- Département de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène Hospitalière et Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHRU, LUBEM, EA3882, Brest, France.
| | - J B Bour
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU, Dijon, France.
| | - Y Baazia
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Avicenne, Bobigny, France.
| | - P Trimoulet
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Pellegrin Tripode, CHU Bordeaux, France.
| | - P André
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre de Biologie Nord, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France.
| | - C Gaudy-Graffin
- Université François Rabelais, Inserm U966, CHU Tours, France.
| | - D Bettinger
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Besançon, France.
| | - S Larrat
- Laboratoire de Virologie, UMI 3265 UJF-EMBL-CNRS, CHU, Unit of Virus Host Cell Interactions, Grenoble, France.
| | - A Signori-Schmuck
- Laboratoire de Virologie, UMI 3265 UJF-EMBL-CNRS, CHU, Unit of Virus Host Cell Interactions, Grenoble, France.
| | - H Saoudin
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie, CHU Saint-Etienne, France.
| | - B Pozzetto
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie, CHU Saint-Etienne, France.
| | - G Lagathu
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Rennes, France.
| | | | - F Stoll-Keller
- Institut de Virologie, CHU Strasbourg, Inserm U748, Strasbourg, France.
| | - J M Pawlotsky
- Laboratoire de Virologie-Bactériologie, CHU Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France.
| | - J Izopet
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CNR VHE, Inserm U1043, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France.
| | - C Payan
- Département de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène Hospitalière et Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHRU, LUBEM, EA3882, Brest, France.
| | - F Lunel-Fabiani
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Angers, France; HIFIH Laboratory, UPRES 3859, SFR 4208, LUNAM University, Angers, France.
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Ribierre JC, Zhao L, Furukawa S, Kikitsu T, Inoue D, Muranaka A, Takaishi K, Muto T, Matsumoto S, Hashizume D, Uchiyama M, André P, Adachi C, Aoyama T. Ambipolar organic field-effect transistors based on solution-processed single crystal microwires of a quinoidal oligothiophene derivative. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:5836-9. [PMID: 25686576 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09608h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple and versatile solution-processing method based on molecular self-assembly is used to fabricate organic single crystal microwires of a low bandgap quinoidal oligothiophene derivative. Individual single crystal microwire transistors present well-balanced ambipolar behaviour with hole and electron mobilities as high as 0.4 and 0.5 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Ribierre
- Kyushu University, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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49
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Ramière C, Tremeaux P, Caporossi A, Trabaud MA, Lebossé F, Bailly F, Thélu MA, Nana J, Leroy V, Morand P, André P, Larrat S. Recent evidence of underestimated circulation of hepatitis C virus intergenotypic recombinant strain RF2k/1b in the Rhône-Alpes region, France, January to August 2014: implications for antiviral treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 19. [PMID: 25375898 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2014.19.43.20944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Since the beginning of 2014, hepatitis C virus (HCV) recombinant forms RF2k/1b have been detected in the Rhône-Alpes French region in 10 patients originating from the Caucasus area. Circulation of this particular HCV strain is very likely to be underestimated. It is also prone to be misgenotyped when using genotyping methods based on the 5' region of the viral genome, which may lead to suboptimal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ramière
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hopital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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50
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Buffaz C, Scholtes C, Dron AG, Chevallier-Queyron P, Ritter J, André P, Ramière C. Hepatitis E in liver transplant recipients in the Rhône-Alpes region in France. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 33:1037-43. [PMID: 24445407 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-013-2042-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In developed countries, hepatitis E virus (HEV) is considered an emerging pathogen, but prevalence seems highly variable according to previous European studies. As HEV can lead to chronic infections in immunosuppressed patients, it is thus essential to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of this infection. METHODS We determined retrospectively, in a cohort of 206 pediatric and adult liver transplant recipients from the Rhône-Alpes region in France, pre-transplant anti-HEV-IgG prevalence and incidence of HEV infections during post-transplant follow-up (HEV IgG and IgM ± HEV-RNA). RESULTS Transplantations were carried out between 2005 and 2012 and mean post-transplant follow-up was 32.8 months. Global pre-transplant prevalence of anti-HEV IgG was 29%, increasing regularly with age from 7% for children under 15 to 49% for patients older than 60. From the 142 seronegative patients before transplant, 11 seroconversions (7.7%) were observed during follow-up (incidence of 2.83 cases per 100 person-years). HEV RNA-tested at transaminases peak or randomly-was detected in only one case of seroconversion. For at least 2 HEV-seropositive patients, who had negative RNAemia before transplantation, viral RNA was detected chronically during follow-up, suggesting reinfection with HEV. CONCLUSION Acute infections were largely more frequent than chronic infections and were asymptomatic or misdiagnosed, suggesting that liver transplant patients may not be particularly prone to developing severe HEV hepatitis. In addition, the presence of IgG anti-HEV may not protect against re-infection. Serological testing, therefore, appears to be of limited interest for the diagnosis of HEV infections in liver transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Buffaz
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 103 grande rue de la Croix Rousse, 69004, Lyon, France
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