1
|
Zarn KE, Jaramillo SA, Zapata AR, Stone NE, Jones AN, Nunnally HE, Settles EW, Ng K, Keim PS, Knudsen S, Nuijten PM, Tijsma ASL, French CT. Stenoparib, an inhibitor of cellular poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs), blocks in vitro replication of SARS-CoV-2 variants. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272916. [PMID: 36103462 PMCID: PMC9473406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently published a preliminary assessment of the activity of a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, stenoparib, also known as 2X-121, which inhibits viral replication by affecting pathways of the host. Here we show that stenoparib effectively inhibits a SARS-CoV-2 wild type (BavPat1/2020) strain and four additional variant strains; alpha (B.1.1.7), beta (B.1.351), delta (B.1.617.2) and gamma (P.1) in vitro, with 50% effective concentration (EC50) estimates of 4.1 μM, 8.5 μM, 24.1 μM, 8.2 μM and 13.6 μM, respectively. A separate experiment focusing on a combination of 10 μM stenoparib and 0.5 μM remdesivir, an antiviral drug, resulted in over 80% inhibition of the alpha variant, which is substantially greater than the effect achieved with either drug alone, suggesting at least additive effects from combining the different mechanisms of activity of stenoparib and remdesivir.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E. Zarn
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Sierra A. Jaramillo
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Anthony R. Zapata
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Nathan E. Stone
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Ashley N. Jones
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Haley E. Nunnally
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Erik W. Settles
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Ken Ng
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Paul S. Keim
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Christopher T. French
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
- COVID-19 Testing Service Center, Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ryu DK, Song R, Kim M, Kim YI, Kim C, Kim JI, Kwon KS, Tijsma ASL, Nuijten PM, van Baalen CA, Hermanus T, Kgagudi P, Moyo-Gwete T, Moore PL, Choi YK, Lee SY. Therapeutic effect of CT-P59 against SARS-CoV-2 South African variant. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 566:135-140. [PMID: 34119826 PMCID: PMC8180667 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The global circulation of newly emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 is a new threat to public health due to their increased transmissibility and immune evasion. Moreover, currently available vaccines and therapeutic antibodies were shown to be less effective against new variants, in particular, the South African (SA) variant, termed 501Y.V2 or B.1.351. To assess the efficacy of the CT-P59 monoclonal antibody against the SA variant, we sought to perform as in vitro binding and neutralization assays, and in vivo animal studies. CT-P59 neutralized B.1.1.7 variant to a similar extent as to wild type virus. CT-P59 showed reduced binding affinity against a RBD (receptor binding domain) triple mutant containing mutations defining B.1.351 (K417N/E484K/N501Y) also showed reduced potency against the SA variant in live virus and pseudovirus neutralization assay systems. However, in vivo ferret challenge studies demonstrated that a therapeutic dosage of CT-P59 was able to decrease B.1.351 viral load in the upper and lower respiratory tracts, comparable to that observed for the wild type virus. Overall, although CT-P59 showed reduced in vitro neutralizing activity against the SA variant, sufficient antiviral effect in B.1.351-infected animals was confirmed with a clinical dosage of CT-P59, suggesting that CT-P59 has therapeutic potential for COVID-19 patients infected with SA variant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Kyun Ryu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Celltrion Inc., Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Rina Song
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Celltrion Inc., Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Celltrion Inc., Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Il Kim
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolmin Kim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Celltrion Inc., Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-In Kim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Celltrion Inc., Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Sung Kwon
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Celltrion Inc., Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Tandile Hermanus
- National Institute for Communicable Disease, Johannesburg of the National Health Laboratory Services, South Africa
| | - Prudence Kgagudi
- National Institute for Communicable Disease, Johannesburg of the National Health Laboratory Services, South Africa
| | - Thandeka Moyo-Gwete
- National Institute for Communicable Disease, Johannesburg of the National Health Laboratory Services, South Africa
| | - Penny L. Moore
- National Institute for Communicable Disease, Johannesburg of the National Health Laboratory Services, South Africa
| | - Young Ki Choi
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Young Lee
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Celltrion Inc., Incheon, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author. 20, Academy-ro 51 beon-gil, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 22014, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|