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Liskiewicz A, Khalil A, Liskiewicz D, Novikoff A, Grandl G, Maity-Kumar G, Gutgesell RM, Bakhti M, Bastidas-Ponce A, Czarnecki O, Makris K, Lickert H, Feuchtinger A, Tost M, Coupland C, Ständer L, Akindehin S, Prakash S, Abrar F, Castelino RL, He Y, Knerr PJ, Yang B, Hogendorf WFJ, Zhang S, Hofmann SM, Finan B, DiMarchi RD, Tschöp MH, Douros JD, Müller TD. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide regulates body weight and food intake via GABAergic neurons in mice. Nat Metab 2023; 5:2075-2085. [PMID: 37946085 PMCID: PMC10730394 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00931-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of single-molecule co-agonists for the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor (GLP-1R) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor (GIPR) is considered a breakthrough in the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. But although GIPR-GLP-1R co-agonism decreases body weight with superior efficacy relative to GLP-1R agonism alone in preclinical1-3 and clinical studies4,5, the role of GIP in regulating energy metabolism remains enigmatic. Increasing evidence suggests that long-acting GIPR agonists act in the brain to decrease body weight through the inhibition of food intake3,6-8; however, the mechanisms and neuronal populations through which GIP affects metabolism remain to be identified. Here, we report that long-acting GIPR agonists and GIPR-GLP-1R co-agonists decrease body weight and food intake via inhibitory GABAergic neurons. We show that acyl-GIP decreases body weight and food intake in male diet-induced obese wild-type mice, but not in mice with deletion of Gipr in Vgat(also known as Slc32a1)-expressing GABAergic neurons (Vgat-Gipr knockout). Whereas the GIPR-GLP-1R co-agonist MAR709 leads, in male diet-induced obese wild-type mice, to greater weight loss and further inhibition of food intake relative to a pharmacokinetically matched acyl-GLP-1 control, this superiority over GLP-1 vanishes in Vgat-Gipr knockout mice. Our data demonstrate that long-acting GIPR agonists crucially depend on GIPR signaling in inhibitory GABAergic neurons to decrease body weight and food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Liskiewicz
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ahmed Khalil
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Liskiewicz
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aaron Novikoff
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gerald Grandl
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gandhari Maity-Kumar
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Robert M Gutgesell
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mostafa Bakhti
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Aimée Bastidas-Ponce
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Czarnecki
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Makris
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Core Facility Pathology & Tissue Analytics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Monica Tost
- Core Facility Pathology & Tissue Analytics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Callum Coupland
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Ständer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Seun Akindehin
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sneha Prakash
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Faiyaz Abrar
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Russell L Castelino
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Yantao He
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Patrick J Knerr
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bin Yang
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Shiqi Zhang
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanna M Hofmann
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Brian Finan
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Matthias H Tschöp
- Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Timo D Müller
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
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Quarta C, Stemmer K, Novikoff A, Yang B, Klingelhuber F, Harger A, Bakhti M, Bastidas-Ponce A, Baugé E, Campbell JE, Capozzi M, Clemmensen C, Collden G, Cota P, Douros J, Drucker DJ, DuBois B, Feuchtinger A, Garcia-Caceres C, Grandl G, Hennuyer N, Herzig S, Hofmann SM, Knerr PJ, Kulaj K, Lalloyer F, Lickert H, Liskiewicz A, Liskiewicz D, Maity G, Perez-Tilve D, Prakash S, Sanchez-Garrido MA, Zhang Q, Staels B, Krahmer N, DiMarchi RD, Tschöp MH, Finan B, Müller TD. GLP-1-mediated delivery of tesaglitazar improves obesity and glucose metabolism in male mice. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1071-1083. [PMID: 35995995 PMCID: PMC9398908 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00617-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dual agonists activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma (PPARɑ/ɣ) have beneficial effects on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes, but their development was discontinued due to potential adverse effects. Here we report the design and preclinical evaluation of a molecule that covalently links the PPARɑ/ɣ dual-agonist tesaglitazar to a GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) to allow for GLP-1R-dependent cellular delivery of tesaglitazar. GLP-1RA/tesaglitazar does not differ from the pharmacokinetically matched GLP-1RA in GLP-1R signalling, but shows GLP-1R-dependent PPARɣ-retinoic acid receptor heterodimerization and enhanced improvements of body weight, food intake and glucose metabolism relative to the GLP-1RA or tesaglitazar alone in obese male mice. The conjugate fails to affect body weight and glucose metabolism in GLP-1R knockout mice and shows preserved effects in obese mice at subthreshold doses for the GLP-1RA and tesaglitazar. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based proteomics identified PPAR regulated proteins in the hypothalamus that are acutely upregulated by GLP-1RA/tesaglitazar. Our data show that GLP-1RA/tesaglitazar improves glucose control with superior efficacy to the GLP-1RA or tesaglitazar alone and suggest that this conjugate might hold therapeutic value to acutely treat hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Quarta
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Bordeaux, France
| | - Kerstin Stemmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Theoretical Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Aaron Novikoff
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technical University of München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bin Yang
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Felix Klingelhuber
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alex Harger
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mostafa Bakhti
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Aimee Bastidas-Ponce
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eric Baugé
- Inserm, CHU Lille, Institute of Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Genomics, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jonathan E Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Megan Capozzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Christoffer Clemmensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gustav Collden
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Perla Cota
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jon Douros
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Daniel J Drucker
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Barent DuBois
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cristina Garcia-Caceres
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gerald Grandl
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Hennuyer
- Inserm, CHU Lille, Institute of Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Genomics, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Stephan Herzig
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanna M Hofmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic IV, Ludwig-Maximilians University of München, Munich, Germany
| | - Patrick J Knerr
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Konxhe Kulaj
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fanny Lalloyer
- Inserm, CHU Lille, Institute of Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Genomics, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Heiko Lickert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Arek Liskiewicz
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Liskiewicz
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gandhari Maity
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Diego Perez-Tilve
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sneha Prakash
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Miguel A Sanchez-Garrido
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bart Staels
- Inserm, CHU Lille, Institute of Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Genomics, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Natalie Krahmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Matthias H Tschöp
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technical University of München, Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Brian Finan
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Timo D Müller
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
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3
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Knerr PJ, Mowery SA, Douros JD, Premdjee B, Hjøllund KR, He Y, Kruse Hansen AM, Olsen AK, Perez-Tilve D, DiMarchi RD, Finan B. Next generation GLP-1/GIP/glucagon triple agonists normalize body weight in obese mice. Mol Metab 2022; 63:101533. [PMID: 35809773 PMCID: PMC9305623 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Pharmacological strategies that engage multiple mechanisms-of-action have demonstrated synergistic benefits for metabolic disease in preclinical models. One approach, concurrent activation of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), and glucagon (Gcg) receptors (i.e. triagonism), combines the anorectic and insulinotropic activities of GLP-1 and GIP with the energy expenditure effect of glucagon. While the efficacy of triagonism in preclinical models is known, the relative contribution of GcgR activation remains unassessed. This work aims to addresses that central question. Methods Herein, we detail the design of unimolecular peptide triagonists with an empirically optimized receptor potency ratio. These optimized peptide triagonists employ a protraction strategy permitting once-weekly human dosing. Additionally, we assess the effects of these peptides on weight-reduction, food intake, glucose control, and energy expenditure in an established DIO mouse model compared to clinically relevant GLP-1R agonists (e.g. semaglutide) and dual GLP-1R/GIPR agonists (e.g. tirzepatide). Results Optimized triagonists normalize body weight in DIO mice and enhance energy expenditure in a manner superior to that of GLP-1R mono-agonists and GLP-1R/GIPR co-agonists. Conclusions These pre-clinical data suggest unimolecular poly-pharmacology as an effective means to target multiple mechanisms contributing to obesity and further implicate GcgR activation as the differentiating factor between incretin receptor mono- or dual-agonists and triagonists. Details the design of unimolecular peptide triagonists for GLP-1R/GIPR/GCGR. Optimal weight-loss is achieved when receptor potency ratio is weighted toward GCGR vs GLP-1R or GIPR. These agonists are protracted for once-weekly human dosing. Optimized triagonists normalizes body weight & enhance energy expenditure in mice. Efficacy of optimized triagonists is superior to GLP-1R & GLP-1R/GIPR agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Knerr
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Yantao He
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Diego Perez-Tilve
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Brian Finan
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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4
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Zhang Q, Delessa CT, Augustin R, Bakhti M, Colldén G, Drucker DJ, Feuchtinger A, Caceres CG, Grandl G, Harger A, Herzig S, Hofmann S, Holleman CL, Jastroch M, Keipert S, Kleinert M, Knerr PJ, Kulaj K, Legutko B, Lickert H, Liu X, Luippold G, Lutter D, Malogajski E, Medina MT, Mowery SA, Blutke A, Perez-Tilve D, Salinno C, Sehrer L, DiMarchi RD, Tschöp MH, Stemmer K, Finan B, Wolfrum C, Müller TD. The glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) regulates body weight and food intake via CNS-GIPR signaling. Cell Metab 2021; 33:833-844.e5. [PMID: 33571454 PMCID: PMC8035082 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Uncertainty exists as to whether the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) should be activated or inhibited for the treatment of obesity. Gipr was recently demonstrated in hypothalamic feeding centers, but the physiological relevance of CNS Gipr remains unknown. Here we show that HFD-fed CNS-Gipr KO mice and humanized (h)GIPR knockin mice with CNS-hGIPR deletion show decreased body weight and improved glucose metabolism. In DIO mice, acute central and peripheral administration of acyl-GIP increases cFos neuronal activity in hypothalamic feeding centers, and this coincides with decreased body weight and food intake and improved glucose handling. Chronic central and peripheral administration of acyl-GIP lowers body weight and food intake in wild-type mice, but shows blunted/absent efficacy in CNS-Gipr KO mice. Also, the superior metabolic effect of GLP-1/GIP co-agonism relative to GLP-1 is extinguished in CNS-Gipr KO mice. Our data hence establish a key role of CNS Gipr for control of energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Challa Tenagne Delessa
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Augustin
- Cardiometabolic Diseases Research Department, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH and Co., KG, Biberach/Riss, Germany
| | - Mostafa Bakhti
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gustav Colldén
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniel J Drucker
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt. Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cristina Garcia Caceres
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gerald Grandl
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Harger
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Molecular Metabolic Control, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanna Hofmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der LMU, München, Germany
| | - Cassie Lynn Holleman
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Jastroch
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Keipert
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maximilian Kleinert
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patrick J Knerr
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46241, USA
| | - Konxhe Kulaj
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Beata Legutko
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Technische Universität München, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, 81675 München, Germany
| | - Xue Liu
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gerd Luippold
- Cardiometabolic Diseases Research Department, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH and Co., KG, Biberach/Riss, Germany
| | - Dominik Lutter
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Emilija Malogajski
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marta Tarquis Medina
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Technische Universität München, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, 81675 München, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Blutke
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Diego Perez-Tilve
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ciro Salinno
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Technische Universität München, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, 81675 München, Germany
| | - Laura Sehrer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Matthias H Tschöp
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Kerstin Stemmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Brian Finan
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46241, USA
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Timo D Müller
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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5
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Novikoff A, O'Brien SL, Bernecker M, Grandl G, Kleinert M, Knerr PJ, Stemmer K, Klingenspor M, Zeigerer A, DiMarchi R, Tschöp MH, Finan B, Calebiro D, Müller TD. Spatiotemporal GLP-1 and GIP receptor signaling and trafficking/recycling dynamics induced by selected receptor mono- and dual-agonists. Mol Metab 2021; 49:101181. [PMID: 33556643 PMCID: PMC7921015 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We assessed the spatiotemporal GLP-1 and GIP receptor signaling, trafficking, and recycling dynamics of GIPR mono-agonists, GLP-1R mono-agonists including semaglutide, and GLP-1/GIP dual-agonists MAR709 and tirzepatide. Methods Receptor G protein recruitment and internalization/trafficking dynamics were assessed using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)-based technology and live-cell HILO microscopy. Results Relative to native and acylated GLP-1 agonists, MAR709 and tirzepatide showed preserved maximal cAMP production despite partial Gαs recruitment paralleled by diminished ligand-induced receptor internalization at both target receptors. Despite MAR709's lower internalization rate, GLP-1R co-localization with Rab11-associated recycling endosomes was not different between MAR709 and GLP-1R specific mono-agonists. Conclusions Our data indicated that MAR709 and tirzepatide induce unique spatiotemporal GLP-1 and GIP receptor signaling, trafficking, and recycling dynamics relative to native peptides, semaglutide, and matched mono-agonist controls. These findings support the hypothesis that the structure of GLP-1/GIP dual-agonists confer a biased agonism that, in addition to its influence on intracellular signaling, uniquely modulates receptor trafficking. GLP-1/GIP dual-agonists, MAR709 and tirzepatide, are partial effectors at multiple GLP-1R pathways, yet retain full cAMP agonism. MAR709 elicits comparable GLP-1R incorporation into Rab11+ recycling endosomes relative to the native peptides and acyl-GLP-1. At the GIPR, both dual-agonists exhibit full-agonism properties with limited receptor internalization/trafficking properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Novikoff
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, D-80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Shannon L O'Brien
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Center of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Nottingham and Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Miriam Bernecker
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gerald Grandl
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kleinert
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patrick J Knerr
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46241, USA
| | - Kerstin Stemmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Klingenspor
- Chair for Molecular Nutritional Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Anja Zeigerer
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Inner Medicine 1, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richard DiMarchi
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Matthias H Tschöp
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, D-80333 Munich, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Brian Finan
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46241, USA
| | - Davide Calebiro
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Center of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Nottingham and Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Timo D Müller
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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6
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Knerr PJ, Mowery SA, Finan B, Perez-Tilve D, Tschöp MH, DiMarchi RD. Selection and progression of unimolecular agonists at the GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptors as drug candidates. Peptides 2020; 125:170225. [PMID: 31786282 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The continued global growth in the prevalence of obesity coupled with the limited number of efficacious and safe treatment options elevates the importance of innovative pharmaceutical approaches. Combinatorial strategies that harness the metabolic benefits of multiple hormonal mechanisms have emerged at the preclinical and more recently clinical stages of drug development. A priority has been anti-obesity unimolecular peptides that function as balanced, high potency poly-agonists at two or all the cellular receptors for the endocrine hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon. This report reviews recent progress in this area, with emphasis on what the initial clinical results demonstrate and what remains to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Knerr
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Brian Finan
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Diego Perez-Tilve
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Matthias H Tschöp
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Garching, Germany
| | - Richard D DiMarchi
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
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7
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Huang Y, Reis ES, Knerr PJ, van der Donk WA, Ricklin D, Lambris JD. Cover Picture: Conjugation to Albumin-Binding Molecule Tags as a Strategy to Improve Both Efficacy and Pharmacokinetic Properties of the Complement Inhibitor Compstatin (ChemMedChem 10/2014). ChemMedChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201490037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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8
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Huang Y, Reis ES, Knerr PJ, van der Donk WA, Ricklin D, Lambris JD. Conjugation to albumin-binding molecule tags as a strategy to improve both efficacy and pharmacokinetic properties of the complement inhibitor compstatin. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:2223-6. [PMID: 25056114 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The compstatin family of complement inhibitors has shown promise in various immuno-inflammatory disorders. Although recent analogues show beneficial pharmacokinetics, further extension of the plasma half-life is expected to benefit systemic application of these peptidic inhibitors. We therefore synthesized conjugates of compstatin analogues and albumin-binding molecules (ABM) to increase circulatory residence. Equilibrium dialysis in complement-depleted serum showed a marked increase in plasma protein binding from <8 % to >99 % for a resulting chimera (ABM2-Cp20). Further analysis confirmed interaction with albumin from different species, primarily via site II. Importantly, ABM2-Cp20 bound 20-fold stronger to its target protein C3b (KD =150 pM) than the parent peptide. Kinetic and in silico analysis suggested that ABM2 occupies a secondary site on C3b and improves the dissociation rate via additional contacts. Addition of an ABM modifier thereby not only improved plasma protein binding but also produced the most potent compstatin analogue to date with potential implications for the treatment of systemic complement-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 401 Stellar-Chance Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (USA)
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9
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Abstract
Lantibiotics are a family of antibacterial peptide natural products characterized by the post-translational installation of the thioether-containing amino acids lanthionine and methyllanthionine. Until recently, only a single naturally occurring stereochemical configuration for each of these cross-links was known. The discovery of lantibiotics with alternative lanthionine and methyllanthionine stereochemistry has prompted an investigation of its importance to biological activity. Here, solid-supported chemical synthesis enabled the total synthesis of the lantibiotic lacticin 481 and analogues containing cross-links with non-native stereochemical configurations. Biological evaluation revealed that these alterations abolished the antibacterial activity in all of the analogues, revealing the critical importance of the enzymatically installed stereochemistry for the biological activity of lacticin 481.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Knerr
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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10
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Knerr PJ, Oman TJ, Garcia De Gonzalo CV, Lupoli TJ, Walker S, van der Donk WA. Non-proteinogenic amino acids in lacticin 481 analogues result in more potent inhibition of peptidoglycan transglycosylation. ACS Chem Biol 2012; 7:1791-5. [PMID: 22920239 PMCID: PMC3501146 DOI: 10.1021/cb300372b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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Lantibiotics are ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally
modified peptide natural products that contain the thioether structures
lanthionine and methyllanthionine and exert potent antimicrobial activity
against Gram-positive bacteria. At present, detailed modes-of-action
are only known for a small subset of family members. Lacticin 481,
a tricyclic lantibiotic, contains a lipid II binding motif present
in related compounds such as mersacidin and nukacin ISK-1. Here, we
show that lacticin 481 inhibits PBP1b-catalyzed peptidoglycan formation.
Furthermore, we show that changes in potency of analogues of lacticin
481 containing non-proteinogenic amino acids correlate positively
with the potency of inhibition of the transglycosylase activity of
PBP1b. Thus, lipid II is the likely target of lacticin 481, and use
of non-proteinogenic amino acids resulted in stronger inhibition of
the target. Additionally, we demonstrate that lacticin 481 does not
form pores in the membranes of susceptible bacteria, a common mode-of-action
of other lantibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Knerr
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Roger Adams Laboratory, Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Trent J. Oman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Roger Adams Laboratory, Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Chantal V. Garcia De Gonzalo
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Roger Adams Laboratory, Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Tania J. Lupoli
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge,
Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Suzanne Walker
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United
States
| | - Wilfred A. van der Donk
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Roger Adams Laboratory, Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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11
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Oman TJ, Knerr PJ, Bindman NA, Velásquez JE, van der Donk WA. An engineered lantibiotic synthetase that does not require a leader peptide on its substrate. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:6952-5. [PMID: 22480178 PMCID: PMC3350211 DOI: 10.1021/ja3017297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified
peptides
are a rapidly expanding class of natural products. They are typically
biosynthesized by modification of a C-terminal segment of the precursor
peptide (the core peptide). The precursor peptide also contains an
N-terminal leader peptide that is required to guide the biosynthetic
enzymes. For bioengineering purposes, the leader peptide is beneficial
because it allows promiscuous activity of the biosynthetic enzymes
with respect to modification of the core peptide sequence. However,
the leader peptide also presents drawbacks as it needs to be present
on the core peptide and then removed in a later step. We show that
fusing the leader peptide for the lantibiotic lacticin 481 to its
biosynthetic enzyme LctM allows the protein to act on core peptides
without a leader peptide. We illustrate the use of this methodology
for preparation of improved lacticin 481 analogues containing non-proteinogenic
amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent J Oman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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12
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Abstract
Aided by genome-mining strategies, knowledge of the prevalence and diversity of ribosomally synthesized natural products (RNPs) is rapidly increasing. Among these are the lantipeptides, posttranslationally modified peptides containing characteristic thioether cross-links imperative for bioactivity and stability. Though this family was once thought to be a limited class of antimicrobial compounds produced by gram-positive bacteria, new insights have revealed a much larger diversity of activity, structure, biosynthetic machinery, and producing organisms than previously appreciated. Detailed investigation of the enzymes responsible for installing the posttranslational modifications has resulted in improved in vivo and in vitro engineering systems focusing on enhancement of the therapeutic potential of these compounds. Although dozens of new lantipeptides have been isolated in recent years, bioinformatic analyses indicate that many hundreds more await discovery owing to the widespread frequency of lantipeptide biosynthetic machinery in bacterial genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Knerr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
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13
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Knerr PJ, Branco MC, Nagarkar R, Pochan DJ, Schneider JP. Heavy metal ion hydrogelation of a self-assembling peptideviacysteinyl chelation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm14418a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Knerr PJ, Tzekou A, Ricklin D, Qu H, Chen H, van der Donk WA, Lambris JD. Synthesis and activity of thioether-containing analogues of the complement inhibitor compstatin. ACS Chem Biol 2011; 6:753-60. [PMID: 21520911 DOI: 10.1021/cb2000378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Disulfide bonds are essential for the structural stability and biological activity of many bioactive peptides. However, these bonds are labile to reducing agents, which can limit the therapeutic utility of such peptides. Substitution of a disulfide bond with a reduction-resistant cystathionine bridge is an attractive means of improving stability while imposing minimal structural perturbation to the peptide. We have applied this approach to the therapeutic complement inhibitor compstatin, a disulfide-containing peptide currently in clinical trials for age-related macular degeneration, in an effort to maintain its potent activity while improving its biological stability. Thioether-containing compstatin analogues were produced via solid-phase peptide synthesis utilizing orthogonally protected cystathionine amino acid building blocks and solid-supported peptide cyclization. Overall, the affinity of these analogues for their biological target and potent inhibition of complement activation were largely maintained when compared to those of the parent disulfide-containing peptides. Thus, the improved stability to reduction conferred by the thioether bond makes this new class of compstatin peptides a promising alternative for therapeutic applications. Additionally, the versatility of this synthesis allows for exploration of disulfide-to-thioether substitution in a variety of other therapeutic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Apostolia Tzekou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Daniel Ricklin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Hongchang Qu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | | | - John D. Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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15
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Micklitsch CM, Knerr PJ, Branco MC, Nagarkar R, Pochan DJ, Schneider JP. Zinc-triggered hydrogelation of a self-assembling β-hairpin peptide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:1577-9. [PMID: 21308908 PMCID: PMC8366679 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201006652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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16
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Micklitsch CM, Knerr PJ, Branco MC, Nagarkar R, Pochan DJ, Schneider JP. Zinc-Triggered Hydrogelation of a Self-Assembling β-Hairpin Peptide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201006652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Abstract
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Lantibiotics are ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide antibiotics containing the characteristic thioether cross-links lanthionine and methyllanthionine. To date, no analogues of lantibiotics that contain nonproteinogenic amino acids have been reported. In this study, in vitro-reconstituted lacticin 481 synthetase was used in conjunction with synthetic peptide substrates containing nonproteinogenic amino acids to generate 11 analogues of lacticin 481. These analogues contained sarcosine and aminocyclopropanoic acid in place of Gly5, d-valine at position 6, 4-cyanoaminobutyric acid in place of Glu13, β3-homoarginine at the position of Asn15, N-butylglycine and β-Ala at Met16, naphthylalanine (Nal) at Trp19, 4-pyridynylalanine (Pal) at Phe21, and homophenylalanine (hPhe) at Phe23. Of these analogues, the Trp19Nal and Phe23hPhe mutants provided zones of inhibition larger than the parent compound in agar diffusion assays against the indicator strains Lactococcus lactis HP and Bacillus subtilis 6633. These two compounds also demonstrated improved MIC values against liquid cultures of L. lactis HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Levengood
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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