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Wijnker PJM, Dinani R, van der Laan NC, Algül S, Knollmann BC, Verkerk AO, Remme CA, Zuurbier CJ, Kuster DWD, van der Velden J. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy dysfunction mimicked in human engineered heart tissue and improved by sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:301-317. [PMID: 38240646 PMCID: PMC10939456 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiomyopathy, often caused by pathogenic sarcomere mutations. Early characteristics of HCM are diastolic dysfunction and hypercontractility. Treatment to prevent mutation-induced cardiac dysfunction is lacking. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are a group of antidiabetic drugs that recently showed beneficial cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acquired forms of heart failure. We here studied if SGLT2i represent a potential therapy to correct cardiomyocyte dysfunction induced by an HCM sarcomere mutation. METHODS AND RESULTS Contractility was measured of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) harbouring an HCM mutation cultured in 2D and in 3D engineered heart tissue (EHT). Mutations in the gene encoding β-myosin heavy chain (MYH7-R403Q) or cardiac troponin T (TNNT2-R92Q) were investigated. In 2D, intracellular [Ca2+], action potential and ion currents were determined. HCM mutations in hiPSC-CMs impaired relaxation or increased force, mimicking early features observed in human HCM. SGLT2i enhance the relaxation of hiPSC-CMs, to a larger extent in HCM compared to control hiPSC-CMs. Moreover, SGLT2i-effects on relaxation in R403Q EHT increased with culture duration, i.e. hiPSC-CMs maturation. Canagliflozin's effects on relaxation were more pronounced than empagliflozin and dapagliflozin. SGLT2i acutely altered Ca2+ handling in HCM hiPSC-CMs. Analyses of SGLT2i-mediated mechanisms that may underlie enhanced relaxation in mutant hiPSC-CMs excluded SGLT2, Na+/H+ exchanger, peak and late Nav1.5 currents, and L-type Ca2+ current, but indicate an important role for the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger. Indeed, electrophysiological measurements in mutant hiPSC-CM indicate that SGLT2i altered Na+/Ca2+ exchange current. CONCLUSION SGLT2i (canagliflozin > dapagliflozin > empagliflozin) acutely enhance relaxation in human EHT, especially in HCM and upon prolonged culture. SGLT2i may represent a potential therapy to correct early cardiac dysfunction in HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J M Wijnker
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure & Arrhythmias, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rafeeh Dinani
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure & Arrhythmias, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nico C van der Laan
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure & Arrhythmias, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sila Algül
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure & Arrhythmias, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bjorn C Knollmann
- Vanderbilt Center for Arrhythmia Research and Therapeutics, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Arie O Verkerk
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure & Arrhythmias, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carol Ann Remme
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure & Arrhythmias, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Coert J Zuurbier
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure & Arrhythmias, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory for Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diederik W D Kuster
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure & Arrhythmias, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure & Arrhythmias, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Llucià-Valldeperas A, Smal R, Bekedam FT, Cé M, Pan X, Manz XD, Wijnker PJM, Vonk-Noordegraaf A, Bogaard HJ, Goumans MJ, de Man FS. Development of a 3-Dimensional Model to Study Right Heart Dysfunction in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: First Observations. Cells 2021; 10:3595. [PMID: 34944102 PMCID: PMC8700676 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients eventually die of right heart failure (RHF). Currently, there is no suitable pre-clinical model to study PAH. Therefore, we aim to develop a right heart dysfunction (RHD) model using the 3-dimensional engineered heart tissue (EHT) approach and cardiomyocytes derived from patient-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to unravel the mechanisms that determine the fate of a pressure-overloaded right ventricle. iPSCs from PAH and healthy control subjects were differentiated into cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs), incorporated into the EHT, and maintained for 28 days. In comparison with control iPSC-CMs, PAH-derived iPSC-CMs exhibited decreased beating frequency and increased contraction and relaxation times. iPSC-CM alignment within the EHT was observed. PAH-derived EHTs exhibited higher force, and contraction and relaxation times compared with control EHTs. Increased afterload was induced using 2× stiffer posts from day 0. Due to high variability, there were no functional differences between normal and stiffer EHTs, and no differences in the hypertrophic gene expression. In conclusion, under baseline spontaneous conditions, PAH-derived iPSC-CMs and EHTs show prolonged contraction compared with controls, as observed clinically in PAH patients. Further optimization of the hypertrophic model and profound characterization may provide a platform for disease modelling and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Llucià-Valldeperas
- PHEniX Laboratory, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.L.-V.); (R.S.); (F.T.B.); (M.C.); (X.P.); (X.D.M.); (A.V.-N.); (H.J.B.)
| | - Rowan Smal
- PHEniX Laboratory, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.L.-V.); (R.S.); (F.T.B.); (M.C.); (X.P.); (X.D.M.); (A.V.-N.); (H.J.B.)
| | - Fjodor T. Bekedam
- PHEniX Laboratory, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.L.-V.); (R.S.); (F.T.B.); (M.C.); (X.P.); (X.D.M.); (A.V.-N.); (H.J.B.)
| | - Margaux Cé
- PHEniX Laboratory, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.L.-V.); (R.S.); (F.T.B.); (M.C.); (X.P.); (X.D.M.); (A.V.-N.); (H.J.B.)
| | - Xiaoke Pan
- PHEniX Laboratory, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.L.-V.); (R.S.); (F.T.B.); (M.C.); (X.P.); (X.D.M.); (A.V.-N.); (H.J.B.)
| | - Xue D. Manz
- PHEniX Laboratory, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.L.-V.); (R.S.); (F.T.B.); (M.C.); (X.P.); (X.D.M.); (A.V.-N.); (H.J.B.)
| | - Paul J. M. Wijnker
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Anton Vonk-Noordegraaf
- PHEniX Laboratory, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.L.-V.); (R.S.); (F.T.B.); (M.C.); (X.P.); (X.D.M.); (A.V.-N.); (H.J.B.)
| | - Harm J. Bogaard
- PHEniX Laboratory, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.L.-V.); (R.S.); (F.T.B.); (M.C.); (X.P.); (X.D.M.); (A.V.-N.); (H.J.B.)
| | - Marie-Jose Goumans
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden UMC, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Frances S. de Man
- PHEniX Laboratory, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.L.-V.); (R.S.); (F.T.B.); (M.C.); (X.P.); (X.D.M.); (A.V.-N.); (H.J.B.)
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Flenner F, Jungen C, Küpker N, Ibel A, Kruse M, Koivumäki JT, Rinas A, Zech ATL, Rhoden A, Wijnker PJM, Lemoine MD, Steenpass A, Girdauskas E, Eschenhagen T, Meyer C, van der Velden J, Patten-Hamel M, Christ T, Carrier L. Translational investigation of electrophysiology in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 157:77-89. [PMID: 33957110 PMCID: PMC8320769 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients are at increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, which can occur even in the absence of structural changes of the heart. HCM mouse models suggest mutations in myofilament components to affect Ca2+ homeostasis and thereby favor arrhythmia development. Additionally, some of them show indications of pro-arrhythmic changes in cardiac electrophysiology. In this study, we explored arrhythmia mechanisms in mice carrying a HCM mutation in Mybpc3 (Mybpc3-KI) and tested the translatability of our findings in human engineered heart tissues (EHTs) derived from CRISPR/Cas9-generated homozygous MYBPC3 mutant (MYBPC3hom) in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and to left ventricular septum samples obtained from HCM patients. We observed higher arrhythmia susceptibility in contractility measurements of field-stimulated intact cardiomyocytes and ventricular muscle strips as well as in electromyogram recordings of Langendorff-perfused hearts from adult Mybpc3-KI mice than in wild-type (WT) controls. The latter only occurred in homozygous (Hom-KI) but not in heterozygous (Het-KI) mouse hearts. Both Het- and Hom-KI are known to display pro-arrhythmic increased Ca2+ myofilament sensitivity as a direct consequence of the mutation. In the electrophysiological characterization of the model, we observed smaller repolarizing K+ currents in single cell patch clamp, longer ventricular action potentials in sharp microelectrode recordings and longer ventricular refractory periods in Langendorff-perfused hearts in Hom-KI, but not Het-KI. Interestingly, reduced K+ channel subunit transcript levels and prolonged action potentials were already detectable in newborn, pre-hypertrophic Hom-KI mice. Human iPSC-derived MYBPC3hom EHTs, which genetically mimicked the Hom-KI mice, did exhibit lower mutant mRNA and protein levels, lower force, beating frequency and relaxation time, but no significant alteration of the force-Ca2+ relation in skinned EHTs. Furthermore, MYBPC3hom EHTs did show higher spontaneous arrhythmic behavior, whereas action potentials measured by sharp microelectrode did not differ to isogenic controls. Action potentials measured in septal myectomy samples did not differ between patients with HCM and patients with aortic stenosis, except for the only sample with a MYBPC3 mutation. The data demonstrate that increased myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity is not sufficient to induce arrhythmias in the Mybpc3-KI mouse model and suggest that reduced K+ currents can be a pro-arrhythmic trigger in Hom-KI mice, probably already in early disease stages. However, neither data from EHTs nor from left ventricular samples indicate relevant reduction of K+ currents in human HCM. Therefore, our study highlights the species difference between mouse and human and emphasizes the importance of research in human samples and human-like models. Sudden cardiac death is threatening hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients. Arrhythmia mechanisms are not well understood. Mouse HCM models showed relevant reduction in K+ currents. Human iPSC-EHT model and HCM patient septal myectomies did not display this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Flenner
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christiane Jungen
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany; Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology Research Group (cNEP), University Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Cardiology, Willem Einthoven Center for Cardiac Arrhythmia Research and Management, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nadine Küpker
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Ibel
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Kruse
- Department of Biology and Program in Neuroscience, Bates College, Lewiston, ME, USA
| | - Jussi T Koivumäki
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anna Rinas
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonia T L Zech
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexandra Rhoden
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Paul J M Wijnker
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marc D Lemoine
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany; Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology Research Group (cNEP), University Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Steenpass
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Evaldas Girdauskas
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Meyer
- Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology Research Group (cNEP), University Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Division of Cardiology/Angiology/Intensiv Care, cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology Research Consortium (cNEP), EVK Düsseldorf, Teaching Hospital University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neural and Sensory Physiology, cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology Research Consortium (cNEP), University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Monica Patten-Hamel
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Christ
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany.
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4
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Wijnker PJM, van der Velden J. Mutation-specific pathology and treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in patients, mouse models and human engineered heart tissue. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165774. [PMID: 32217077 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiomyopathy and is characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, and a frequent cause of sudden cardiac death at young age. Pharmacological treatment to prevent or reverse HCM is lacking. This may be partly explained by the variety of underlying disease causes. Over 1500 mutations have been associated with HCM, of which the majority reside in genes encoding sarcomere proteins, the cardiac contractile building blocks. Several mutation-mediated disease mechanisms have been identified, with proof for gene- and mutation-specific cellular perturbations. In line with mutation-specific changes in cellular pathology, the response to treatment may depend on the underlying sarcomere gene mutation. In this review, we will discuss evidence for mutation-specific pathology and treatment responses in HCM patients, mouse models and engineered heart tissue. The pros and cons of these experimental models for studying mutation-specific HCM pathology and therapies will be outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J M Wijnker
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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5
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Wijnker PJM, Sequeira V, Kuster DWD, Velden JVD. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Vicious Cycle Triggered by Sarcomere Mutations and Secondary Disease Hits. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:318-358. [PMID: 29490477 PMCID: PMC6602117 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a cardiac genetic disease characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, and myocardial disarray. Disease onset occurs between 20 and 50 years of age, thus affecting patients in the prime of their life. HCM is caused by mutations in sarcomere proteins, the contractile building blocks of the heart. Despite increased knowledge of causal mutations, the exact path from genetic defect leading to cardiomyopathy is complex and involves additional disease hits. Recent Advances: Laboratory-based studies indicate that HCM development not only depends on the primary sarcomere impairment caused by the mutation but also on secondary disease-related alterations in the heart. Here we propose a vicious mutation-induced disease cycle, in which a mutation-induced energy depletion alters cellular metabolism with increased mitochondrial work, which triggers secondary disease modifiers that will worsen disease and ultimately lead to end-stage HCM. Critical Issues: Evidence shows excessive cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HCM patients and HCM animal models. Oxidative stress markers are increased in the heart (oxidized proteins, DNA, and lipids) and serum of HCM patients. In addition, increased mitochondrial ROS production and changes in endogenous antioxidants are reported in HCM. Mutant sarcomeric protein may drive excessive levels of cardiac ROS via changes in cardiac efficiency and metabolism, mitochondrial activation and/or dysfunction, impaired protein quality control, and microvascular dysfunction. Future Directions: Interventions restoring metabolism, mitochondrial function, and improved ROS balance may be promising therapeutic approaches. We discuss the effects of current HCM pharmacological therapies and potential future therapies to prevent and reverse HCM. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 31, 318-358.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J M Wijnker
- 1 Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vasco Sequeira
- 1 Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diederik W D Kuster
- 1 Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- 1 Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,2 Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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6
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Piroddi N, Witjas-Paalberends ER, Ferrara C, Ferrantini C, Vitale G, Scellini B, Wijnker PJM, Sequiera V, Dooijes D, Dos Remedios C, Schlossarek S, Leung MC, Messer A, Ward DG, Biggeri A, Tesi C, Carrier L, Redwood CS, Marston SB, van der Velden J, Poggesi C. The homozygous K280N troponin T mutation alters cross-bridge kinetics and energetics in human HCM. J Gen Physiol 2018; 151:18-29. [PMID: 30578328 PMCID: PMC6314385 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201812160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is caused by mutations in sarcomeric proteins, but the pathogenic mechanism is unclear. Piroddi et al. find impairment of cross-bridge kinetics and energetics in human sarcomeres with a TNNT2 mutation, suggesting that HCM involves inefficient ATP utilization. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic form of left ventricular hypertrophy, primarily caused by mutations in sarcomere proteins. The cardiac remodeling that occurs as the disease develops can mask the pathogenic impact of the mutation. Here, to discriminate between mutation-induced and disease-related changes in myofilament function, we investigate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying HCM in a patient carrying a homozygous mutation (K280N) in the cardiac troponin T gene (TNNT2), which results in 100% mutant cardiac troponin T. We examine sarcomere mechanics and energetics in K280N-isolated myofibrils and demembranated muscle strips, before and after replacement of the endogenous troponin. We also compare these data to those of control preparations from donor hearts, aortic stenosis patients (LVHao), and HCM patients negative for sarcomeric protein mutations (HCMsmn). The rate constant of tension generation following maximal Ca2+ activation (kACT) and the rate constant of isometric relaxation (slow kREL) are markedly faster in K280N myofibrils than in all control groups. Simultaneous measurements of maximal isometric ATPase activity and Ca2+-activated tension in demembranated muscle strips also demonstrate that the energy cost of tension generation is higher in the K280N than in all controls. Replacement of mutant protein by exchange with wild-type troponin in the K280N preparations reduces kACT, slow kREL, and tension cost close to control values. In donor myofibrils and HCMsmn demembranated strips, replacement of endogenous troponin with troponin containing the K280N mutant increases kACT, slow kREL, and tension cost. The K280N TNNT2 mutation directly alters the apparent cross-bridge kinetics and impairs sarcomere energetics. This result supports the hypothesis that inefficient ATP utilization by myofilaments plays a central role in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Piroddi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - E Rosalie Witjas-Paalberends
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Claudia Ferrara
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Cecilia Ferrantini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università di Firenze, Florence, Italy.,LENS, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Vitale
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Beatrice Scellini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Paul J M Wijnker
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Vasco Sequiera
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dennis Dooijes
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Clinical Genetics, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Cristobal Dos Remedios
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Saskia Schlossarek
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Man Ching Leung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, England, UK
| | - Andrew Messer
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, England, UK
| | - Douglas G Ward
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Chiara Tesi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Steven B Marston
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, England, UK
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Clinical Genetics, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands.,ICIN-Netherlands, Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Corrado Poggesi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università di Firenze, Florence, Italy .,LENS, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Florence, Italy
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da Silva Gonçalves Bós D, Van Der Bruggen CEE, Kurakula K, Sun XQ, Casali KR, Casali AG, Rol N, Szulcek R, Dos Remedios C, Guignabert C, Tu L, Dorfmüller P, Humbert M, Wijnker PJM, Kuster DWD, van der Velden J, Goumans MJ, Bogaard HJ, Vonk-Noordegraaf A, de Man FS, Handoko ML. Contribution of Impaired Parasympathetic Activity to Right Ventricular Dysfunction and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Circulation 2017; 137:910-924. [PMID: 29167228 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.027451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beneficial effects of parasympathetic stimulation have been reported in left heart failure, but whether it would be beneficial for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains to be explored. Here, we investigated the relationship between parasympathetic activity and right ventricular (RV) function in patients with PAH, and the potential therapeutic effects of pyridostigmine (PYR), an oral drug stimulating the parasympathetic activity through acetylcholinesterase inhibition, in experimental pulmonary hypertension (PH). METHODS Heart rate recovery after a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test was used as a surrogate for parasympathetic activity. RV ejection fraction was assessed in 112 patients with PAH. Expression of nicotinic (α-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor) and muscarinic (muscarinic acetylcholine type 2 receptor) receptors, and acetylcholinesterase activity were evaluated in RV (n=11) and lungs (n=7) from patients with PAH undergoing heart/lung transplantation and compared with tissue obtained from controls. In addition, we investigated the effects of PYR (40 mg/kg per day) in experimental PH. PH was induced in male rats by SU5416 (25 mg/kg subcutaneously) injection followed by 4 weeks of hypoxia. In a subgroup, sympathetic/parasympathetic modulation was assessed by power spectral analysis. At week 6, PH status was confirmed by echocardiography, and rats were randomly assigned to vehicle or treatment (both n=12). At the end of the study, echocardiography was repeated, with additional RV pressure-volume measurements, along with lung, RV histological, and protein analyses. RESULTS Patients with PAH with lower RV ejection fraction (<41%) had a significantly reduced heart rate recovery in comparison with patients with higher RV ejection fraction. In PAH RV samples, α-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor was increased and acetylcholinesterase activity was reduced versus controls. No difference in muscarinic acetylcholine type 2 receptor expression was observed. Chronic PYR treatment in PH rats normalized the cardiovascular autonomic function, demonstrated by an increase in parasympathetic activity and baroreflex sensitivity. PYR improved survival, increased RV contractility, and reduced RV stiffness, RV hypertrophy, RV fibrosis, RV inflammation, and RV α-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and muscarinic acetylcholine type 2 receptor expression, as well. Furthermore, PYR reduced pulmonary vascular resistance, RV afterload, and pulmonary vascular remodeling, which was associated with reduced local and systemic inflammation. CONCLUSIONS RV dysfunction is associated with reduced systemic parasympathetic activity in patients with PAH, with an inadequate adaptive response of the cholinergic system in the RV. Enhancing parasympathetic activity by PYR improved survival, RV function, and pulmonary vascular remodeling in experimental PH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kondababu Kurakula
- VU University Medical Center / Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, The Netherlands.. Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (K.K., M.-J.G.)
| | - Xiao-Qing Sun
- Department of Pulmonology (D.d.S.G.B., C.E.V.D.B., X.-Q.S., N.R., R.S., H.-J.B., A.V.-N. F.S.d.M.)
| | - Karina R Casali
- Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil (K.R.C., A.G.C.)
| | - Adenauer G Casali
- Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil (K.R.C., A.G.C.)
| | - Nina Rol
- Department of Pulmonology (D.d.S.G.B., C.E.V.D.B., X.-Q.S., N.R., R.S., H.-J.B., A.V.-N. F.S.d.M.)
| | - Robert Szulcek
- Department of Pulmonology (D.d.S.G.B., C.E.V.D.B., X.-Q.S., N.R., R.S., H.-J.B., A.V.-N. F.S.d.M.)
| | - Cris Dos Remedios
- Heart & Lung Transplant Unit, St. Vincent's Hospital and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Australia (C.d.R.)
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.).,INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.)
| | - Ly Tu
- University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.).,INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.)
| | - Peter Dorfmüller
- University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.).,INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.)
| | - Marc Humbert
- University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.).,INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.)
| | | | | | | | - Marie-José Goumans
- VU University Medical Center / Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, The Netherlands.. Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (K.K., M.-J.G.)
| | - Harm-Jan Bogaard
- Department of Pulmonology (D.d.S.G.B., C.E.V.D.B., X.-Q.S., N.R., R.S., H.-J.B., A.V.-N. F.S.d.M.)
| | - Anton Vonk-Noordegraaf
- Department of Pulmonology (D.d.S.G.B., C.E.V.D.B., X.-Q.S., N.R., R.S., H.-J.B., A.V.-N. F.S.d.M.)
| | - Frances S de Man
- Department of Pulmonology (D.d.S.G.B., C.E.V.D.B., X.-Q.S., N.R., R.S., H.-J.B., A.V.-N. F.S.d.M.)
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Wijnker PJM, Friedrich FW, Dutsch A, Reischmann S, Eder A, Mannhardt I, Mearini G, Eschenhagen T, van der Velden J, Carrier L. Comparison of the effects of a truncating and a missense MYBPC3 mutation on contractile parameters of engineered heart tissue. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 97:82-92. [PMID: 27108529 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a cardiac genetic disease characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction and myocardial disarray. The most frequently mutated gene is MYBPC3, encoding cardiac myosin-binding protein-C (cMyBP-C). We compared the pathomechanisms of a truncating mutation (c.2373_2374insG) and a missense mutation (c.1591G>C) in MYBPC3 in engineered heart tissue (EHT). EHTs enable to study the direct effects of mutants without interference of secondary disease-related changes. EHTs were generated from Mybpc3-targeted knock-out (KO) and wild-type (WT) mouse cardiac cells. MYBPC3 WT and mutants were expressed in KO EHTs via adeno-associated virus. KO EHTs displayed higher maximal force and sensitivity to external [Ca(2+)] than WT EHTs. Expression of WT-Mybpc3 at MOI-100 resulted in ~73% cMyBP-C level but did not prevent the KO phenotype, whereas MOI-300 resulted in ≥95% cMyBP-C level and prevented the KO phenotype. Expression of the truncating or missense mutation (MOI-300) or their combination with WT (MOI-150 each), mimicking the homozygous or heterozygous disease state, respectively, failed to restore force to WT level. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed correct incorporation of WT and missense, but not of truncated cMyBP-C in the sarcomere. In conclusion, this study provides evidence in KO EHTs that i) haploinsufficiency affects EHT contractile function if WT cMyBP-C protein levels are ≤73%, ii) missense or truncating mutations, but not WT do not fully restore the disease phenotype and have different pathogenic mechanisms, e.g. sarcomere poisoning for the missense mutation, iii) the direct impact of (newly identified) MYBPC3 gene variants can be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J M Wijnker
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany; Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Felix W Friedrich
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexander Dutsch
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Silke Reischmann
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexandra Eder
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ingra Mannhardt
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Giulia Mearini
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany.
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9
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Stathopoulou K, Wittig I, Heidler J, Piasecki A, Richter F, Diering S, van der Velden J, Buck F, Donzelli S, Schröder E, Wijnker PJM, Voigt N, Dobrev D, Sadayappan S, Eschenhagen T, Carrier L, Eaton P, Cuello F. S-glutathiolation impairs phosphoregulation and function of cardiac myosin-binding protein C in human heart failure. FASEB J 2016; 30:1849-64. [PMID: 26839380 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201500048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac myosin-binding protein C (cMyBP-C) regulates actin-myosin interaction and thereby cardiac myocyte contraction and relaxation. This physiologic function is regulated by cMyBP-C phosphorylation. In our study, reduced site-specific cMyBP-C phosphorylation coincided with increased S-glutathiolation in ventricular tissue from patients with dilated or ischemic cardiomyopathy compared to nonfailing donors. We used redox proteomics, to identify constitutive and disease-specific S-glutathiolation sites in cMyBP-C in donor and patient samples, respectively. Among those, a cysteine cluster in the vicinity of the regulatory phosphorylation sites within the myosin S2 interaction domain C1-M-C2 was identified and showed enhanced S-glutathiolation in patients. In vitro S-glutathiolation of recombinant cMyBP-C C1-M-C2 occurred predominantly at Cys(249), which attenuated phosphorylation by protein kinases. Exposure to glutathione disulfide induced cMyBP-C S-glutathiolation, which functionally decelerated the kinetics of Ca(2+)-activated force development in ventricular myocytes from wild-type, but not those from Mybpc3-targeted knockout mice. These oxidation events abrogate protein kinase-mediated phosphorylation of cMyBP-C and therefore potentially contribute to the reduction of its phosphorylation and the contractile dysfunction observed in human heart failure.-Stathopoulou, K., Wittig, I., Heidler, J., Piasecki, A., Richter, F., Diering, S., van der Velden, J., Buck, F., Donzelli, S., Schröder, E., Wijnker, P. J. M., Voigt, N., Dobrev, D., Sadayappan, S., Eschenhagen, T., Carrier, L., Eaton, P., Cuello, F. S-glutathiolation impairs phosphoregulation and function of cardiac myosin-binding protein C in human heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Stathopoulou
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Macromolecular Complexes," Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Partner Site Rhein/Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Juliana Heidler
- Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Macromolecular Complexes," Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Partner Site Rhein/Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Angelika Piasecki
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Florian Richter
- Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Macromolecular Complexes," Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Partner Site Rhein/Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Simon Diering
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research (ICaR-VU), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICIN-The Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Friedrich Buck
- Department of Clinical Chemistry/Central Laboratories, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonia Donzelli
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ewald Schröder
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul J M Wijnker
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research (ICaR-VU), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Voigt
- Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; and
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; and
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University, Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Philip Eaton
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Friederike Cuello
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Frankfurt, Germany;
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10
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Wijnker PJM, Li Y, Zhang P, Foster DB, dos Remedios C, Van Eyk JE, Stienen GJM, Murphy AM, van der Velden J. A novel phosphorylation site, Serine 199, in the C-terminus of cardiac troponin I regulates calcium sensitivity and susceptibility to calpain-induced proteolysis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 82:93-103. [PMID: 25771144 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) by protein kinase C (PKC) is implicated in cardiac dysfunction. Recently, Serine 199 (Ser199) was identified as a target for PKC phosphorylation and increased Ser199 phosphorylation occurs in end-stage failing compared with non-failing human myocardium. The functional consequences of cTnI-Ser199 phosphorylation in the heart are unknown. Therefore, we investigated the impact of phosphorylation of cTnI-Ser199 on myofilament function in human cardiac tissue and the susceptibility of cTnI to proteolysis. cTnI-Ser199 was replaced by aspartic acid (199D) or alanine (199A) to mimic phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, respectively, with recombinant wild-type (Wt) cTn as a negative control. Force development was measured at various [Ca(2+)] and at sarcomere lengths of 1.8 and 2.2 μm in demembranated cardiomyocytes in which endogenous cTn complex was exchanged with the recombinant human cTn complexes. In idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy samples, myofilament Ca(2+)-sensitivity (pCa50) at 2.2 μm was significantly higher in 199D (pCa50 = 5.79 ± 0.01) compared to 199A (pCa50 = 5.65 ± 0.01) and Wt (pCa50 = 5.66 ± 0.02) at ~63% cTn exchange. Myofilament Ca(2+)-sensitivity was significantly higher even with only 5.9 ± 2.5% 199D exchange compared to 199A, and saturated at 12.3 ± 2.6% 199D exchange. Ser199 pseudo-phosphorylation decreased cTnI binding to both actin and actin-tropomyosin. Moreover, altered susceptibility of cTnI to proteolysis by calpain I was found when Ser199 was pseudo-phosphorylated. Our data demonstrate that low levels of cTnI-Ser199 pseudo-phosphorylation (~6%) increase myofilament Ca(2+)-sensitivity in human cardiomyocytes, most likely by decreasing the binding affinity of cTnI for actin-tropomyosin. In addition, cTnI-Ser199 pseudo-phosphorylation or mutation regulates calpain I mediated proteolysis of cTnI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J M Wijnker
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Yuejin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Pingbo Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - D Brian Foster
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Cris dos Remedios
- Muscle Research Unit, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jennifer E Van Eyk
- The Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, The Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ger J M Stienen
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Physics and Astronomy, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne M Murphy
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is well known as a biomarker for the diagnosis of myocardial damage. However, because of its central role in the regulation of contraction and relaxation in heart muscle, cTnI may also be a potential target for the treatment of heart failure. Studies in rodent models of cardiac disease and human heart samples showed altered phosphorylation at various sites on cTnI (i.e. site-specific phosphorylation). This is caused by altered expression and/or activity of kinases and phosphatases during heart failure development. It is not known whether these (transient) alterations in cTnI phosphorylation are beneficial or detrimental. Knowledge of the effects of site-specific cTnI phosphorylation on cardiomyocyte contractility is therefore of utmost importance for the development of new therapeutic strategies in patients with heart failure. In this review we focus on the role of cTnI phosphorylation in the healthy heart upon activation of the beta-adrenergic receptor pathway (as occurs during increased stress and exercise) and as a modulator of the Frank-Starling mechanism. Moreover, we provide an overview of recent studies which aimed to reveal the functional consequences of changes in cTnI phosphorylation in cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J M Wijnker
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081, BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,
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Wijnker PJM, Sequeira V, Witjas-Paalberends ER, Foster DB, dos Remedios CG, Murphy AM, Stienen GJM, van der Velden J. Phosphorylation of protein kinase C sites Ser42/44 decreases Ca(2+)-sensitivity and blunts enhanced length-dependent activation in response to protein kinase A in human cardiomyocytes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 554:11-21. [PMID: 24814372 PMCID: PMC4121669 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated phosphorylation of troponin I (cTnI) at Ser42/44 is increased in heart failure. While studies in rodents demonstrated that PKC-mediated Ser42/44 phosphorylation decreases maximal force and ATPase activity, PKC incubation of human cardiomyocytes did not affect maximal force. We investigated whether Ser42/44 pseudo-phosphorylation affects force development and ATPase activity using troponin exchange in human myocardium. Additionally, we studied if pseudo-phosphorylated Ser42/44 modulates length-dependent activation of force, which is regulated by protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated cTnI-Ser23/24 phosphorylation. Isometric force was measured in membrane-permeabilized cardiomyocytes exchanged with human recombinant wild-type troponin or troponin mutated at Ser42/44 or Ser23/24 into aspartic acid (D) or alanine (A) to mimic phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, respectively. In troponin-exchanged donor cardiomyocytes experiments were repeated after PKA incubation. ATPase activity was measured in troponin-exchanged cardiac muscle strips. Compared to wild-type, 42D/44D decreased Ca(2+)-sensitivity without affecting maximal force in failing and donor cardiomyocytes. In donor myocardium, 42D/44D did not affect maximal ATPase activity or tension cost. Interestingly, 42D/44D blunted the length-dependent increase in Ca(2+)-sensitivity induced upon PKA-mediated phosphorylation. Since the drop in Ca(2+)-sensitivity at physiological Ca(2+)-concentrations is relatively large phosphorylation of Ser42/44 may result in a decrease of force and associated ATP utilization in the human heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J M Wijnker
- Laboratory for Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Vasco Sequeira
- Laboratory for Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - E Rosalie Witjas-Paalberends
- Laboratory for Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - D Brian Foster
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Ross Bldg 1144/720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | | | - Anne M Murphy
- Department of Pediatrics/Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Ross Bldg 1144/720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Ger J M Stienen
- Laboratory for Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Physics and Astronomy, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Laboratory for Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Wijnker PJM, Sequeira V, Foster DB, Li Y, Dos Remedios CG, Murphy AM, Stienen GJM, van der Velden J. Length-dependent activation is modulated by cardiac troponin I bisphosphorylation at Ser23 and Ser24 but not by Thr143 phosphorylation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 306:H1171-81. [PMID: 24585778 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00580.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Frank-Starling's law reflects the ability of the heart to adjust the force of its contraction to changes in ventricular filling, a property based on length-dependent myofilament activation (LDA). The threonine at amino acid 143 of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is prerequisite for the length-dependent increase in Ca(2+) sensitivity. Thr143 is a known target of protein kinase C (PKC) whose activity is increased in cardiac disease. Thr143 phosphorylation may modulate length-dependent myofilament activation in failing hearts. Therefore, we investigated if pseudo-phosphorylation at Thr143 modulates length dependence of force using troponin exchange experiments in human cardiomyocytes. In addition, we studied effects of protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated cTnI phosphorylation at Ser23/24, which has been reported to modulate LDA. Isometric force was measured at various Ca(2+) concentrations in membrane-permeabilized cardiomyocytes exchanged with recombinant wild-type (WT) troponin or troponin mutated at the PKC site Thr143 or Ser23/24 into aspartic acid (D) or alanine (A) to mimic phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, respectively. In troponin-exchanged donor cardiomyocytes experiments were repeated after incubation with exogenous PKA. Pseudo-phosphorylation of Thr143 increased myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity compared with WT without affecting LDA in failing and donor cardiomyocytes. Subsequent PKA treatment enhanced the length-dependent shift in Ca(2+) sensitivity after WT and 143D exchange. Exchange with Ser23/24 variants demonstrated that pseudo-phosphorylation of both Ser23 and Ser24 is needed to enhance the length-dependent increase in Ca(2+) sensitivity. cTnI pseudo-phosphorylation did not alter length-dependent changes in maximal force. Thus phosphorylation at Thr143 enhances myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity without affecting LDA, while Ser23/24 bisphosphorylation is needed to enhance the length-dependent increase in myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J M Wijnker
- Laboratory for Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Kooij V, Zhang P, Piersma SR, Sequeira V, Boontje NM, Wijnker PJM, Jiménez CR, Jaquet KE, dos Remedios C, Murphy AM, Van Eyk JE, van der Velden J, Stienen GJM. PKCα-specific phosphorylation of the troponin complex in human myocardium: a functional and proteomics analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74847. [PMID: 24116014 PMCID: PMC3792062 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Protein kinase Cα (PKCα) is one of the predominant PKC isoforms that phosphorylate cardiac troponin. PKCα is implicated in heart failure and serves as a potential therapeutic target, however, the exact consequences for contractile function in human myocardium are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PKCα phosphorylation of cardiac troponin (cTn) on myofilament function in human failing cardiomyocytes and to resolve the potential targets involved. Methods and Results Endogenous cTn from permeabilized cardiomyocytes from patients with end-stage idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy was exchanged (∼69%) with PKCα-treated recombinant human cTn (cTn (DD+PKCα)). This complex has Ser23/24 on cTnI mutated into aspartic acids (D) to rule out in vitro cross-phosphorylation of the PKA sites by PKCα. Isometric force was measured at various [Ca2+] after exchange. The maximal force (Fmax) in the cTn (DD+PKCα) group (17.1±1.9 kN/m2) was significantly reduced compared to the cTn (DD) group (26.1±1.9 kN/m2). Exchange of endogenous cTn with cTn (DD+PKCα) increased Ca2+-sensitivity of force (pCa50 = 5.59±0.02) compared to cTn (DD) (pCa50 = 5.51±0.02). In contrast, subsequent PKCα treatment of the cells exchanged with cTn (DD+PKCα) reduced pCa50 to 5.45±0.02. Two PKCα-phosphorylated residues were identified with mass spectrometry: Ser198 on cTnI and Ser179 on cTnT, although phosphorylation of Ser198 is very low. Using mass spectrometry based-multiple reaction monitoring, the extent of phosphorylation of the cTnI sites was quantified before and after treatment with PKCα and showed the highest phosphorylation increase on Thr143. Conclusion PKCα-mediated phosphorylation of the cTn complex decreases Fmax and increases myofilament Ca2+-sensitivity, while subsequent treatment with PKCα in situ decreased myofilament Ca2+-sensitivity. The known PKC sites as well as two sites which have not been previously linked to PKCα are phosphorylated in human cTn complex treated with PKCα with a high degree of specificity for Thr143.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Kooij
- Laboratory for Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Johns Hopkins Bayview Proteomics Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Pingbo Zhang
- Johns Hopkins Bayview Proteomics Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sander R. Piersma
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vasco Sequeira
- Laboratory for Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicky M. Boontje
- Laboratory for Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J. M. Wijnker
- Laboratory for Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Connie R. Jiménez
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kornelia E. Jaquet
- St Josef-Hospital/Bergmannsheil, Clinic of the Ruhr-University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Cris dos Remedios
- Muscle Research Unit, Institute for Biomedical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anne M. Murphy
- Institute of Molecular Cardiobiology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jennifer E. Van Eyk
- Johns Hopkins Bayview Proteomics Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Laboratory for Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ger JM. Stienen
- Laboratory for Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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Sequeira V, Wijnker PJM, Nijenkamp LLAM, Kuster DWD, Najafi A, Witjas-Paalberends ER, Regan JA, Boontje N, Ten Cate FJ, Germans T, Carrier L, Sadayappan S, van Slegtenhorst MA, Zaremba R, Foster DB, Murphy AM, Poggesi C, Dos Remedios C, Stienen GJM, Ho CY, Michels M, van der Velden J. Perturbed length-dependent activation in human hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with missense sarcomeric gene mutations. Circ Res 2013; 112:1491-505. [PMID: 23508784 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.111.300436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE High-myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity has been proposed as a trigger of disease pathogenesis in familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) on the basis of in vitro and transgenic mice studies. However, myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity depends on protein phosphorylation and muscle length, and at present, data in humans are scarce. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether high myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity and perturbed length-dependent activation are characteristics for human HCM with mutations in thick and thin filament proteins. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiac samples from patients with HCM harboring mutations in genes encoding thick (MYH7, MYBPC3) and thin (TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1) filament proteins were compared with sarcomere mutation-negative HCM and nonfailing donors. Cardiomyocyte force measurements showed higher myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity in all HCM samples and low phosphorylation of protein kinase A (PKA) targets compared with donors. After exogenous PKA treatment, myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity was similar (MYBPC3mut, TPM1mut, sarcomere mutation-negative HCM), higher (MYH7mut, TNNT2mut), or even significantly lower (TNNI3mut) compared with donors. Length-dependent activation was significantly smaller in all HCM than in donor samples. PKA treatment increased phosphorylation of PKA-targets in HCM myocardium and normalized length-dependent activation to donor values in sarcomere mutation-negative HCM and HCM with truncating MYBPC3 mutations but not in HCM with missense mutations. Replacement of mutant by wild-type troponin in TNNT2mut and TNNI3mut corrected length-dependent activation to donor values. CONCLUSIONS High-myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity is a common characteristic of human HCM and partly reflects hypophosphorylation of PKA targets compared with donors. Length-dependent sarcomere activation is perturbed by missense mutations, possibly via posttranslational modifications other than PKA hypophosphorylation or altered protein-protein interactions, and represents a common pathomechanism in HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasco Sequeira
- Laboratory for Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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16
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Kuster DWD, Sequeira V, Najafi A, Boontje NM, Wijnker PJM, Witjas-Paalberends ER, Marston SB, Dos Remedios CG, Carrier L, Demmers JAA, Redwood C, Sadayappan S, van der Velden J. GSK3β phosphorylates newly identified site in the proline-alanine-rich region of cardiac myosin-binding protein C and alters cross-bridge cycling kinetics in human: short communication. Circ Res 2012; 112:633-9. [PMID: 23277198 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.112.275602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Cardiac myosin-binding protein C (cMyBP-C) regulates cross-bridge cycling kinetics and, thereby, fine-tunes the rate of cardiac muscle contraction and relaxation. Its effects on cardiac kinetics are modified by phosphorylation. Three phosphorylation sites (Ser275, Ser284, and Ser304) have been identified in vivo, all located in the cardiac-specific M-domain of cMyBP-C. However, recent work has shown that up to 4 phosphate groups are present in human cMyBP-C. OBJECTIVE To identify and characterize additional phosphorylation sites in human cMyBP-C. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiac MyBP-C was semipurified from human heart tissue. Tandem mass spectrometry analysis identified a novel phosphorylation site on serine 133 in the proline-alanine-rich linker sequence between the C0 and C1 domains of cMyBP-C. Unlike the known sites, Ser133 was not a target of protein kinase A. In silico kinase prediction revealed glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) as the most likely kinase to phosphorylate Ser133. In vitro incubation of the C0C2 fragment of cMyBP-C with GSK3β showed phosphorylation on Ser133. In addition, GSK3β phosphorylated Ser304, although the degree of phosphorylation was less compared with protein kinase A-induced phosphorylation at Ser304. GSK3β treatment of single membrane-permeabilized human cardiomyocytes significantly enhanced the maximal rate of tension redevelopment. CONCLUSIONS GSK3β phosphorylates cMyBP-C on a novel site, which is positioned in the proline-alanine-rich region and increases kinetics of force development, suggesting a noncanonical role for GSK3β at the sarcomere level. Phosphorylation of Ser133 in the linker domain of cMyBP-C may be a novel mechanism to regulate sarcomere kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diederik W D Kuster
- Cell and Molecular Physiology, Health Science Division, Loyola University of Chicago, 2160 First Ave, Bldg 102, Room 4637, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
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17
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Wijnker PJM, Foster DB, Tsao AL, Frazier AH, dos Remedios CG, Murphy AM, Stienen GJM, van der Velden J. Impact of site-specific phosphorylation of protein kinase A sites Ser23 and Ser24 of cardiac troponin I in human cardiomyocytes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2012; 304:H260-8. [PMID: 23144315 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00498.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PKA-mediated phosphorylation of contractile proteins upon β-adrenergic stimulation plays an important role in the regulation of cardiac performance. Phosphorylation of the PKA sites (Ser(23)/Ser(24)) of cardiac troponin (cTn)I results in a decrease in myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity and an increase in the rate of relaxation. However, the relation between the level of phosphorylation of the sites and the functional effects in the human myocardium is unknown. Therefore, site-directed mutagenesis was used to study the effects of phosphorylation at Ser(23) and Ser(24) of cTnI on myofilament function in human cardiac tissue. Serines were replaced by aspartic acid (D) or alanine (A) to mimic phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, respectively. cTnI-DD mimics both sites phosphorylated, cTnI-AD mimics Ser(23) unphosphorylated and Ser(24) phosphorylated, cTnI-DA mimics Ser(23) phosphorylated and Ser(24) unphosphorylated, and cTnI-AA mimics both sites unphosphorylated. Force development was measured at various Ca(2+) concentrations in permeabilized cardiomyocytes in which the endogenous troponin complex was exchanged with these recombinant human troponin complexes. In donor cardiomyocytes, myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity (pCa(50)) was significantly lower in cTnI-DD (pCa(50): 5.39 ± 0.01) compared with cTnI-AA (pCa(50): 5.50 ± 0.01), cTnI-AD (pCa(50): 5.48 ± 0.01), and cTnI-DA (pCa(50): 5.51 ± 0.01) at ~70% cTn exchange. No effects were observed on the rate of tension redevelopment. In cardiomyocytes from idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathic tissue, a linear decline in pCa(50) with cTnI-DD content was observed, saturating at ~55% bisphosphorylation. Our data suggest that in the human myocardium, phosphorylation of both PKA sites on cTnI is required to reduce myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity, which is maximal at ~55% bisphosphorylated cTnI. The implications for in vivo cardiac function in health and disease are detailed in the DISCUSSION in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J M Wijnker
- Laboratory for Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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18
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Karpus ON, Heutinck KM, Wijnker PJM, Tak PP, Hamann J. Triggering of the dsRNA sensors TLR3, MDA5, and RIG-I induces CD55 expression in synovial fibroblasts. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35606. [PMID: 22590509 PMCID: PMC3349673 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD55 (decay-accelerating factor) is a complement-regulatory protein highly expressed on fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). CD55 is also a ligand for CD97, an adhesion-type G protein-coupled receptor abundantly present on leukocytes. Little is known regarding the regulation of CD55 expression in FLS. METHODS FLS isolated from arthritis patients were stimulated with pro-inflammatory cytokines and Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands. Transfection with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) and 5'-triphosphate RNA were used to activate the cytoplasmic double-stranded (ds)RNA sensors melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) and retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I). CD55 expression, cell viability, and binding of CD97-loaded beads were quantified by flow cytometry. RESULTS CD55 was expressed at equal levels on FLS isolated from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis and spondyloarthritis. CD55 expression in RA FLS was significantly induced by IL-1β and especially by the TLR3 ligand poly(I:C). Activation of MDA5 and RIG-I also enhanced CD55 expression. Notably, activation of MDA5 dose-dependently induced cell death, while triggering of TLR3 or RIG-I had a minor effect on viability. Upregulation of CD55 enhanced the binding capacity of FLS to CD97-loaded beads, which could be blocked by antibodies against CD55. CONCLUSIONS Activation of dsRNA sensors enhances the expression of CD55 in cultured FLS, which increases the binding to CD97. Our findings suggest that dsRNA promotes the interaction between FLS and CD97-expressing leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga N. Karpus
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kirstin M. Heutinck
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Renal Transplant Unit, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J. M. Wijnker
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul P. Tak
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jörg Hamann
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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Hahn NE, Meischl C, Wijnker PJM, Musters RJP, Fornerod M, Janssen HWRM, Paulus WJ, van Rossum AC, Niessen HWM, Krijnen PAJ. NOX2, p22phox and p47phox are targeted to the nuclear pore complex in ischemic cardiomyocytes colocalizing with local reactive oxygen species. Cell Physiol Biochem 2011; 27:471-8. [PMID: 21691064 DOI: 10.1159/000329968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NADPH oxidases play an essential role in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based signaling in the heart. Previously, we have demonstrated that (peri)nuclear expression of the catalytic NADPH oxidase subunit NOX2 in stressed cardiomyocytes, e.g. under ischemia or high concentrations of homocysteine, is an important step in the induction of apoptosis in these cells. Here this ischemia-induced nuclear targeting and activation of NOX2 was specified in cardiomyocytes. METHODS The effect of ischemia, mimicked by metabolic inhibition, on nuclear localization of NOX2 and the NADPH oxidase subunits p22(phox) and p47(phox), was analyzed in rat neonatal cardiomyoblasts (H9c2 cells) using Western blot, immuno-electron microscopy and digital-imaging microscopy. RESULTS NOX2 expression significantly increased in nuclear fractions of ischemic H9c2 cells. In addition, in these cells NOX2 was found to colocalize in the nuclear envelope with nuclear pore complexes, p22(phox), p47(phox) and nitrotyrosine residues, a marker for the generation of ROS. Inhibition of NADPH oxidase activity, with apocynin and DPI, significantly reduced (peri)nuclear expression of nitrotyrosine. CONCLUSION We for the first time show that NOX2, p22(phox) and p47(phox) are targeted to and produce ROS at the nuclear pore complex in ischemic cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nynke E Hahn
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Centre, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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