1
|
Moufarrij S, Srivastava A, Gomez S, Hadley M, Palmer E, Austin PT, Chisholm S, Diab N, Roche K, Yu A, Li J, Zhu W, Lopez-Acevedo M, Villagra A, Chiappinelli KB. Combining DNMT and HDAC6 inhibitors increases anti-tumor immune signaling and decreases tumor burden in ovarian cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3470. [PMID: 32103105 PMCID: PMC7044433 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60409-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel therapies are urgently needed for ovarian cancer, the deadliest gynecologic malignancy. Ovarian cancer has thus far been refractory to immunotherapies that stimulate the host immune system to recognize and kill cancer cells. This may be because of a suppressive tumor immune microenvironment and lack of recruitment and activation of immune cells that kill cancer cells. Our previous work showed that epigenetic drugs including DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors (DNMTis and HDAC6is) individually increase immune signaling in cancer cells. We find that combining DNMTi and HDAC6i results in an amplified type I interferon response, leading to increased cytokine and chemokine expression and higher expression of the MHC I antigen presentation complex in human and mouse ovarian cancer cell lines. Treating mice bearing ID8 Trp53-/- ovarian cancer with HDAC6i/DNMTi led to an increase in tumor-killing cells such as IFNg+ CD8, NK, and NKT cells and a reversal of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with a decrease in MDSCs and PD-1hi CD4 T cells, corresponding with an increase in survival. Thus combining the epigenetic modulators DNMTi and HDAC6i increases anti-tumor immune signaling from cancer cells and has beneficial effects on the ovarian tumor immune microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Moufarrij
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- The Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Aneil Srivastava
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- The Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Stephanie Gomez
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- The Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- The Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Melissa Hadley
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- The Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Erica Palmer
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Paul Tran Austin
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- The Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sarah Chisholm
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- The Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Noor Diab
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kyle Roche
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- The Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Angela Yu
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- The Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jing Li
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Wenge Zhu
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Micael Lopez-Acevedo
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- The Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alejandro Villagra
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Katherine B Chiappinelli
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
- The Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
This paper presents two models of budbreak on canes of 'Hayward' kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa). A conventional 'chill unit' (CU) type model is compared with an alternative 'loss of potential' (LOP) approach, which assumes that the number of buds developing in spring depends on climate and node position-dependent bud-to-bud interactions that vary in duration and intensity. Both models describe how temperature, and application of a dormancy-breaking chemical, determine the overall amount of budbreak for whole canes. However, the LOP model does so by describing patterns of budbreak along canes. To do this, the cumulative influence of distal neighbours is assumed to cause a progressive fall in the capacity for bud development over the autumn-winter period, an influence that gets stronger as temperature rises. The LOP model also assumes that the rate of decline varies along the cane, as a function of some inherent bud property. These two factors mean that buds towards the base of the cane break less often under the suppressive influence of distal neighbours, while low temperature ('chilling') increases budbreak by diminishing the intensity of suppression relative to bud development rate. Under this scenario, dormancy-breaking chemicals (such as hydrogen cyanamide, HC) enhance budbreak by diminishing the duration of suppression. Models were calibrated using daily temperature series and budbreak proportion data from a multi-year regional survey, and were then tested against independent data sets. Both models were run from a fixed start date until the time budbreak was almost complete, or until a standard date. The fitted models described 87 % of variation in amount of budbreak due to site, year, HC and node position effects in the original data set. Results suggest that the correlation between chilling and the amount of budbreak can be interpreted as a population-based phenomenon based on interaction among buds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P T Austin
- HortResearch, Palmerston North Research Centre, New Zealand.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|