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Tsai YM, Hsu SC, Zhang J, Zhou YF, Plunkett B, Huang SK, Gao PS. Functional interaction of cockroach allergens and mannose receptor (CD206) in human circulating fibrocytes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64105. [PMID: 23734186 PMCID: PMC3667076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The innate pattern recognition C-type-lectin receptors (CLRs), including mannose receptor (MRC1; CD206), have been suggested to functionally interact with allergens and are critical in controlling immune response. Fibrocytes have been considered to play a role in allergic asthma. Here we sought to investigate the functional interaction of cockroach allergens with CD206 in fibrocytes. Methods Profiling of N-linked glycans from natural purified cockroach allergen Bla g 2 was accomplished by MALDI-MS. The binding activity of cockroach allergens to CD206 was determined by solid-phase binding assays. Levels of CD206 expression on human fibrocytes and CD206 mediated signaling and cytokine production in Bla g 2 treated fibrocytes were determined. Results Profiling of N-linked glycans from Bla g 2 revealed a predominance of small, mannose-terminated glycans with and without fucose. Significant binding of Bla g 2 to CD206 was observed, which was inhibited by yeast mannan (a known CD206 ligand), free mannose, and a blocking antibody (anti-hMR). Flow cytometric analyses of human fibrocytes (CD45+ and collagen-1+) showed selective expression of CD206 on fibrocytes. Functionally, a concentration-dependent uptake of FITC labeled Bla g 2 by fibrocytes was observed, but was significantly inhibited by anti-hMR. Bla g 2 can stimulate up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-alpha and IL-6 and activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB/p65), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38), ERK, and JNK in cultured fibrocytes. This increased secretion of TNF-alpha and IL-6 and activation of NF-kB, ERK, and JNK was significantly inhibited by the addition of either mannan or mannose. Furthermore, Bla g 2 induced increase in TNF-alpha and IL-6 production was also inhibited by the use of NF-kB, ERK, and JNK inhibitors. Conclusion These results provide evidence supporting the existence of a functional cockroach allergen-CD206 axis in human fibrocytes, suggesting a role for CD206 in regulating allergen induced allergic responses in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ming Tsai
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chang Hsu
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jian Zhang
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Feng Zhou
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Beverly Plunkett
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Song Gao
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wang WL, Li HY, Zhang MS, Gao PS, He SH, Zheng T, Zhu Z, Zhou LF. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin: a promising therapeutic target for allergic diseases. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2012; 160:18-26. [PMID: 22948028 DOI: 10.1159/000341665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), an interleukin 7-like cytokine, can trigger dendritic cell (DC)-mediated T-helper type 2 (Th2) inflammatory responses. Recent evidence demonstrates that cytokines TSLP and OX40 (CD134)/OX40 ligand seem to be important players in the maintenance of Th2 memory pool in the pathogenesis of asthma. Accumulating data reveal that the pathogenic T cells involved in asthma are likely to be inflammatory Th2 cells. TSLP is involved in the development of asthma through crosstalk with nuclear factor NF-ĸB. Progression of skin fibrosis in atopic dermatitis occurs via TSLP/TSLP receptor. TSLP-mediated dermal inflammation aggravates experimental allergic asthma. Also, TSLP polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to asthma, atopic dermatitis, and eczema herpeticum. These findings suggest a master switch of TSLP in the initiation of allergic and adaptive inflammation through innate pathways at the epithelial cell-DC interface. The TSLP pathway is therefore a promising target for immunotherapy of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Chen LC, Tseng HM, Wu CJ, Kuo ML, Wu CJ, Gao PS, Yeh KW, Yao TC, Lee WI, Ou LS, Huang JL, Huang SK. Evaluation of a Common Variant of the Gene Encoding Clara Cell 10 kd Protein (CC10) as a Candidate Determinant for Asthma Severity and Steroid Responsiveness Among Chinese Children. J Asthma 2012; 49:665-72. [DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2012.697954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Gao PS, Leung DYM, Rafaels NM, Boguniewicz M, Hand T, Gao L, Hata TR, Schneider LC, Hanifin JM, Beaty TH, Beck LA, Weinberg A, Barnes KC. Genetic variants in interferon regulatory factor 2 (IRF2) are associated with atopic dermatitis and eczema herpeticum. J Invest Dermatol 2011; 132:650-7. [PMID: 22113474 PMCID: PMC3278591 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2011.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 2 (IRF2) is a member of a family of transcriptional factors involved in the modulation of interferon induced immune responses to viral infection. To test whether genetic variants in IRF2 predict risk of AD and ADEH, we genotyped 78 IRF2 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in both European American (n=435) and African American (n = 339) populations. Significant associations were observed between AD and two SNPs (rs793814, P = 0.007, odds ratio (OR) = 0.52; rs3756094, P = 0.037, OR = 0.66) among European Americans and one SNP (rs3775572, P = 0.016, OR = 0.46) among African Americans. Significant associations were also observed between ADEH and five SNPs (P = 0.049-0.022) among European Americans. The association with ADEH was further strengthened by haplotype analyses, wherein a 5-SNP (CAGGA) haplotype showed the strongest association with ADEH (P = 0.0008). Eight IRF2 SNPs were significantly associated with IFNγ production post-herpes simplex virus (HSV) stimulation (P = 0.048-0.0008), including an AD-associated SNP (rs13139310, P = 0.008). Our findings suggest distinct markers in IRF2 may be associated with AD and ADEH, which may depend upon ethnic ancestry, and genetic variants in IRF2 may contribute to an abnormal immune response to HSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Song Gao
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
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Leung DYM, Gao PS, Grigoryev DN, Rafaels NM, Streib JE, Howell MD, Taylor PA, Boguniewicz M, Canniff J, Armstrong B, Zaccaro DJ, Schneider LC, Hata TR, Hanifin JM, Beck LA, Weinberg A, Barnes KC. Human atopic dermatitis complicated by eczema herpeticum is associated with abnormalities in IFN-γ response. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 127:965-73.e1-5. [PMID: 21458658 PMCID: PMC3074534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Revised: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The basis for increased susceptibility of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) to develop disseminated viral skin infections such as eczema herpeticum (AD with a history of eczema herpeticum, ADEH(+)) is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether subjects with AD prone to disseminated viral skin infections have defects in their IFN responses. METHODS GeneChip profiling was used to identify differences in gene expression of PBMCs from patients with ADEH(+) compared with patients with AD without a history of eczema herpeticum (ADEH(-)) and nonatopic controls. Key differences in protein expression were verified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay and/or ELISA. Clinical relevance was further demonstrated by a mouse model of disseminated viral skin infection and genetic association analysis for genetic variants in IFNG and IFNGR1 and ADEH among 435 cases and controls. RESULTS We demonstrate by global gene expression analysis selective transcriptomic changes within the IFN superfamily of PBMCs from subjects with ADEH(+) reflecting low IFN-γ and IFN-γ receptor gene expression. IFN-γ protein production was also significantly lower in patients with ADEH(+) (n = 24) compared with patients with ADEH(-) (n = 20) and nonatopic controls (n = 20). IFN-γ receptor knockout mice developed disseminated viral skin infection after epicutaneous challenge with vaccinia virus. Genetic variants in IFNG and IFNGR1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were significantly associated with ADEH (112 cases, 166 controls) and IFN-γ production: a 2-SNP (A-G) IFNGR1 haplotype (rs10457655 and rs7749390) showed the strongest association with a reduced risk of ADEH+ (13.2% ADEH(+) vs 25.5% ADEH(-); P = .00057). CONCLUSION Patients with ADEH(+) have reduced IFN-γ production, and IFNG and IFNGR1 SNPs are significantly associated with ADEH(+) and may contribute to an impaired immune response to herpes simplex virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Y M Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA.
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Sherrill JD, Gao PS, Stucke EM, Blanchard C, Collins MH, Putnam PE, Franciosi JP, Kushner JP, Abonia JP, Assa'ad AH, Kovacic MB, Biagini Myers JM, Bochner BS, He H, Hershey GK, Martin LJ, Rothenberg ME. Variants of thymic stromal lymphopoietin and its receptor associate with eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010; 126:160-5.e3. [PMID: 20620568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Revised: 04/21/2010] [Accepted: 04/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic cause of eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) has been largely unexplored until a recent genome-wide association study identified a disease susceptibility locus on 5q22, a region that harbors the thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) gene. However, it is unclear whether the observed genetic associations with EE are disease-specific or confounded by the high rate of allergy in patients with EE. In addition, the genetic contributions of other allergy-associated genes to EE risk have not been explored. OBJECTIVE We aimed to delineate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that associated with EE apart from allergy. METHODS We used a custom array containing 738 SNPs in 53 genes implicated in allergic responses, immune responses, or both to genotype 220 allergic or 246 nonallergic control subjects and a discovery cohort of 170 patients with EE. We replicated a statistically significant SNP association in an independent case-control cohort and examined the induction of the candidate gene in primary esophageal epithelial cells. RESULTS A single SNP residing in the TSLP gene reached Bonferroni linkage disequilibrium-adjusted significance but only when patients with EE were compared with allergic control subjects (rs10062929; P = 4.11 x 10(-5); odds ratio, 0.35). A nonsynonymous polymorphism in the thymic stromal lymphopoietin receptor (TSLPR) gene on Xp22.3 and Yp11.3 was significantly associated with disease only in male patients with EE. Primary esophageal epithelial cells expressed TSLP mRNA after Toll-like receptor 3 stimulation. CONCLUSION These data collectively identify TSLP as a candidate gene critically involved in EE susceptibility beyond its role in promoting T(H)2 responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Sherrill
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
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Gao PS, Shimizu K, Grant AV, Rafaels N, Zhou LF, Hudson SA, Konno S, Zimmermann N, Araujo MI, Ponte EV, Cruz AA, Nishimura M, Su SN, Hizawa N, Beaty TH, Mathias RA, Rothenberg ME, Barnes KC, Bochner BS. Polymorphisms in the sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin-8 (Siglec-8) gene are associated with susceptibility to asthma. Eur J Hum Genet 2010; 18:713-9. [PMID: 20087405 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2009.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin-8 (Siglec-8) promotes the apoptosis of eosinophils and inhibits FcvarepsilonRI-dependent mediator release from mast cells. We investigated the genetic association between sequence variants in Siglec-8 and diagnosis of asthma, total levels of serum IgE (tIgE), and diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) in diverse populations. The effect of sequence variants on Siglec-8 glycan ligand-binding activity was also examined. Significant association with asthma was observed for SNP rs36498 (odds ratios (OR), 0.69, P=8.8 x 10(-5)) among African Americans and for SNP rs10409962 (Ser/Pro) in the Japanese population (OR, 0.69, P=0.019). Supporting this finding, we observed association between SNP rs36498 and current asthma among Brazilian families (P=0.013). Significant association with tIgE was observed for SNP rs6509541 among African Americans (P=0.016), and replicated among the Brazilian families (P=0.02). In contrast, no association was observed with EE in Caucasians. By using a synthetic polymer decorated with 6'-sulfo-sLe(x), a known Siglec-8 glycan ligand, we did not find any differences between the ligand-binding activity of HEK293 cells stably transfected with the rs10409962 risk allele or the WT allele. However, our association results suggest that the Siglec8 gene may be a susceptibility locus for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Song Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Gao PS, Rafaels NM, Hand T, Murray T, Boguniewicz M, Hata T, Schneider L, Hanifin JM, Gallo RL, Gao L, Beaty TH, Beck LA, Barnes KC, Leung DYM. Filaggrin mutations that confer risk of atopic dermatitis confer greater risk for eczema herpeticum. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009; 124:507-13, 513.e1-7. [PMID: 19733298 PMCID: PMC5103856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2009] [Revised: 06/19/2009] [Accepted: 07/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss-of-function null mutations R501X and 2282del4 in the skin barrier gene, filaggrin (FLG), represent the most replicated genetic risk factors for atopic dermatitis (AD). Associations have not been reported in African ancestry populations. Atopic dermatitis eczema herpeticum (ADEH) is a rare but serious complication of AD resulting from disseminated cutaneous herpes simplex virus infections. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine whether FLG polymorphisms contribute to ADEH susceptibility. METHODS Two common loss-of-function mutations plus 9 FLG single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped in 278 European American patients with AD, of whom 112 had ADEH, and 157 nonatopic controls. Replication was performed on 339 African American subjects. RESULTS Significant associations were observed for both the R501X and 2282del4 mutations and AD among European American subjects (P = 1.46 x 10(-5), 3.87 x 10(-5), respectively), but the frequency of the R501X mutation was 3 times higher (25% vs 9%) for ADEH than for AD without eczema herpeticum (EH) (odds ratio [OR], 3.4; 1.7-6.8; P = .0002). Associations with ADEH were stronger with the combined null mutations (OR, 10.1; 4.7-22.1; P = 1.99 x 10(-11)). Associations with the R501X mutation were replicated in the African American population; the null mutation was absent among healthy African American subjects, but present among patients with AD (3.2%; P = .035) and common among patients with ADEH (9.4%; P = .0049). However, the 2282del4 mutation was absent among African American patients with ADEH and rare (<1%) among healthy individuals. CONCLUSION The R501X mutation in the gene encoding filaggrin, one of the strongest genetic predictors of AD, confers an even greater risk for ADEH in both European and African ancestry populations, suggesting a role for defective skin barrier in this devastating condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Song Gao
- Johns Hopkins Asthma & Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Nicholas M Rafaels
- Johns Hopkins Asthma & Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Tracey Hand
- Johns Hopkins Asthma & Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Tanda Murray
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Mark Boguniewicz
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206
| | - Tissa Hata
- Division of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093
| | - Lynda Schneider
- Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Jon M Hanifin
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Richard L Gallo
- Division of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093
| | - Li Gao
- Johns Hopkins Asthma & Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Terri H Beaty
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Lisa A Beck
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Kathleen C Barnes
- Johns Hopkins Asthma & Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Donald YM Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206
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Shimizu M, Matsuda A, Yanagisawa K, Hirota T, Akahoshi M, Inomata N, Ebe K, Tanaka K, Sugiura H, Nakashima K, Tamari M, Takahashi N, Obara K, Enomoto T, Okayama Y, Gao PS, Huang SK, Tominaga SI, Ikezawa Z, Shirakawa T. Functional SNPs in the distal promoter of the ST2 gene are associated with atopic dermatitis. Hum Mol Genet 2005; 14:2919-27. [PMID: 16118232 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddi323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease associated with the local infiltration of T helper type 2 (Th2) cells. The ST2 gene encodes both membrane-bound ST2L and soluble ST2 (sST2) proteins by alternative splicing. The orphan receptor ST2L is functionally indispensable for Th2 cells. We found a significant genetic association between AD and the -26999G/A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (chi2-test, raw P-value=0.000007, odds ratio 1.86) in the distal promoter region of the ST2 gene (chromosome 2q12) in a study of 452 AD patients and 636 healthy controls. The -26999A allele common among AD patients positively regulates the transcriptional activity of the ST2 gene. In addition, having at least one -26999A allele correlated with high sST2 concentrations and high total IgE levels in the sera from AD patients. Thus, the -26999A allele is correlated with an increased risk for AD. We also found that the -26999G/A SNP predominantly affected the transcriptional activity of hematopoietic cells. Immunohistochemical staining of a skin biopsy specimen from an AD patient in the acute stage showed ST2 staining in the keratinocytes as well as in the infiltrating cells in the dermal layer. Our data show that functional SNPs in the ST2 distal promoter region regulate ST2 expression which induces preferential activation of the Th2 response. Our findings will contribute to the evaluation of one of the genetic risk factors for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Shimizu
- Laboratory for Genetics of Allergic Diseases, SNP Research Center, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
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Gao PS, Mathias RA, Plunkett B, Togias A, Barnes KC, Beaty TH, Huang SK. Genetic variants of the T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 1 but not the T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 3 gene are associated with asthma in an African American population. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005; 115:982-8. [PMID: 15867855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The T-cell immunoglobulin mucin ( TIM ) proteins and their genetic variants have been suggested to play a role in regulating allergic diseases. OBJECTIVE Genetic association of the sequence variants for TIM-1 and TIM-3 genes with asthma in an African American population was investigated. METHODS Both case-control and family-based association analyses were performed for a total of 7 polymorphisms, including 3 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and 1 insertion/deletion polymorphism in the TIM-1 and 3 SNPs in the TIM-3 genes. The exposure to hepatitis A virus as judged by seropositivity was also examined. RESULTS In the case-control design, the frequencies of the TT genotype for SNP rs2277025 and the homozygous deletion variant (157delMTTTVP) in the fourth exon of the TIM-1 gene were higher among patients with patients with asthma compared with the controls (odds ratio [OR], 2.779, P = .016; and OR, 3.09, P = .022, respectively). This association was substantiated by haplotype analysis of these and 2 additional SNPs (OR, 2.48; P = .004), and also by family-based tests for the allele and haplotype carrying 157delMTTTVP (P = .009 and P = .048, respectively). Furthermore, this association seems to exist even in the hepatitis A virus-seronegative subjects in our data. None of the 3 variants in TIM-3 genes yielded significant association with either asthma or asthma-related phenotypes. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the genetic variants of the TIM-1 but not the TIM-3 gene contribute to asthma susceptibility in this African-American population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Song Gao
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Gao PS, Heller NM, Walker W, Chen CH, Moller M, Plunkett B, Roberts MH, Schleimer RP, Hopkin JM, Huang SK. Variation in dinucleotide (GT) repeat sequence in the first exon of the STAT6 gene is associated with atopic asthma and differentially regulates the promoter activity in vitro. J Med Genet 2004; 41:535-9. [PMID: 15235025 PMCID: PMC1447608 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2003.015842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Huang JL, Gao PS, Mathias RA, Yao TC, Chen LC, Kuo ML, Hsu SC, Plunkett B, Togias A, Barnes KC, Stellato C, Beaty TH, Huang SK. Sequence variants of the gene encoding chemoattractant receptor expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2) are associated with asthma and differentially influence mRNA stability. Hum Mol Genet 2004; 13:2691-7. [PMID: 15345705 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddh279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene, CRTH2, encoding a receptor for prostaglandin D(2) (PGD(2)), is located within the peak linkage region for asthma on chromosome (Chr.) 11q reported in African American families. Family-based analysis of asthma and two common SNPs [G1544C and G1651A (rs545659)] in the 3'-untranslated region of CRTH2 showed significant evidence of linkage in the presence of disequilibrium for the 1651G allele (P = 0.003) of SNP rs545659. Haplotype analysis yielded additional evidence of linkage disequilibrium for the 1544G-1651G haplotype (P < 0.001). Population-based case-control analyses were conducted in two independent populations, and demonstrated significant association of the 1544G-1651G haplotype with asthma in an African American population (P = 0.004), and in a population of Chinese children (P < 0.001). Moreover, in the Chinese children the frequency of the 1651G allele in near-fatal asthmatics was significantly higher than mild-to-moderate asthmatics (P = 0.001) and normal controls (P < 0.001). The 1651G allele of SNP re545659 was also associated with a higher degree of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (P < 0.027). Transcriptional pulsing experiments showed that the 1544G-1651G haplotype confers a significantly higher level of reporter mRNA stability, when compared with a non-transmitted haplotype (1544C-1651A), suggesting that the CRTH2 gene on Chr. 11q is a strong candidate gene for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Long Huang
- The Division of Allergy, Asthma and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Gao PS, Huang SK. Genetic aspects of asthma. Panminerva Med 2004; 46:121-34. [PMID: 15507881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few years, a significant progress has been made in understanding of the genetic basis of asthma. This has led to the identification of several chromosomal regions and loci showing linkage to and association with asthma and asthma-linked phenotypes. Recent positional cloning approaches have also been informative in identifying several strong candidate genes for asthma. The next challenge will involve validation of these findings and, importantly, identification of the functional basis in the pathophysiology of asthma. This review will describe the power of positional cloning for the identification of asthma genes, highlight the functional importance of the genetic variants, and address the gene-gene and gene-environment interactions that are pertinent to this challenging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Gao
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Seah GT, Gao PS, Hopkin JM, Rook GA. Interleukin-4 and its alternatively spliced variant (IL-4delta2) in patients with atopic asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164:1016-8. [PMID: 11587989 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.164.6.2012138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The interleukin-4 (IL-4) splice variant (IL-4delta2) is known to antagonize many biological activities of IL-4, and this challenges our understanding of the role of IL-4 in asthma. Studies that have used nonspecific antibodies, probes, and/or primers to quantify IL-4 in clinical samples would not have distinguished the expression of IL-4 from IL-4delta2. This is the first study to examine patients with chronic asthma and atopy for IL-4delta2 mRNA in their peripheral blood mononuclear cells without antigen stimulation, using a quantitative nested reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) protocol. The median IL-4 mRNA copy number in cells from the patients with asthma was 2.8 logs higher than in a comparator group of patients with tuberculosis (p = 0.0005) and 4.5 logs higher (p = 0.0004) than in healthy control subjects. In contrast, IL-4delta2 expression in cells from patients with asthma was similar to that seen in cells from patients with tuberculosis. Hence, the median ratio of IL-4 to IL-4delta2 was 500-fold higher in the patients with asthma when compared with either patients with tuberculosis or healthy control subjects. The relative expression of IL-4 and IL-4delta2 may be a reason for the functional diversity of Th2 cells in different clinical conditions, and a hitherto unexplored mechanism for the pulmonary pathology in patients with atopic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- G T Seah
- Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom
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16
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Fukunaga K, Asano K, Mao XQ, Gao PS, Roberts MH, Oguma T, Shiomi T, Kanazawa M, Adra CN, Shirakawa T, Hopkin JM, Yamaguchi K. Genetic polymorphisms of CC chemokine receptor 3 in Japanese and British asthmatics. Eur Respir J 2001; 17:59-63. [PMID: 11307756 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.01.17100590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Whole genome scan analyses have revealed that chromosomal region 3p21-24, which contains a gene cluster of CC chemokine receptors such as CCR3, is possibly linked to asthma. Because CCR3 ligands play a pivotal role in the selective recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells in the asthmatic airway, the authors examined whether there is any association between asthma and the CCR3 gene polymorphisms. Three polymorphisms were identified using the single stranded conformational polymorphism method in Japanese (Asian) and British (Caucasian) subjects; one silent mutation T51C and two missense mutations G824A and T971C. These polymorphisms were examined in 391 Japanese subjects (210 asthmatics and 181 nonasthmatic controls) and 234 British subjects (142 asthmatics and 92 nonasthmatic controls). Asthma diagnosis was based on episodic symptoms, documented wheeze, and the presence of reversible airflow limitation. CCR3 T51C demonstrated a significant association with the diagnosis of asthma in the British population (odds ratio 2.35, p<0.01), but not in the Japanese population. Multiple logistic regression analysis also showed that CCR3 T51C was associated with asthma (odds ratio 2.83, p < 0.02), independent of atopic phenotypes such as high levels of total or house dust mite-specific immunoglobulin-E in serum. In conclusion, a significant association between asthma and CCR3 T51C polymorphism localized on chromosome 3p21 was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fukunaga
- Dept of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Gao PS, Mao XQ, Hopkin JM, Adra CN, Yang X, Shirakawa T. Functional significance of polymorphisms of the interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 receptors in allergic disease. Clin Exp Allergy 2000; 30:1672-5. [PMID: 11122203 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2000.01011.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Gao PS, Fujishima S, Mao XQ, Remus N, Kanda M, Enomoto T, Dake Y, Bottini N, Tabuchi M, Hasegawa N, Yamaguchi K, Tiemessen C, Hopkin JM, Shirakawa T, Kishi F. Genetic variants of NRAMP1 and active tuberculosis in Japanese populations. International Tuberculosis Genetics Team. Clin Genet 2000; 58:74-6. [PMID: 10945666 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.2000.580113.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Gao PS, Mao XQ, Roberts MH, Arinobu Y, Akaiwa M, Enomoto T, Dake Y, Kawai M, Sasaki S, Hamasaki N, Izuhara K, Shirakawa T, Hopkin JM. Variants of STAT6 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 6) in atopic asthma. J Med Genet 2000; 37:380-2. [PMID: 10905892 PMCID: PMC1734576 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.37.5.380a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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20
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Kruse S, Mao XQ, Heinzmann A, Blattmann S, Roberts MH, Braun S, Gao PS, Forster J, Kuehr J, Hopkin JM, Shirakawa T, Deichmann KA. The Ile198Thr and Ala379Val variants of plasmatic PAF-acetylhydrolase impair catalytical activities and are associated with atopy and asthma. Am J Hum Genet 2000; 66:1522-30. [PMID: 10733466 PMCID: PMC1378003 DOI: 10.1086/302901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/1999] [Accepted: 02/07/2000] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The platelet-activating factor (PAF) represents a phospholipid with complex biological functions, including involvement in inflammatory processes. The degrading enzyme PAF acetylhydrolase (PAFAH) represents a candidate for asthma and other atopic diseases. Two loss-of-function mutations of PAFAH are associated with severe asthma in Japanese individuals. Our aim was to look for further PAFAH variants in white populations, their possible association with atopic and asthmatic phenotypes, and their functional importance. We picked up three common variants in the PAFAH gene: Arg92His (exon 4), Ile198Thr (exon 7), and Ala379Val (exon 11). The known loss-of-function mutations were not seen. The variant allele Thr198 was found to be highly associated with total IgE concentrations in an atopic population (P=.009) and with "atopic asthma" in an asthmatic population (P=.008). The variant allele Val379 was found to be highly associated with "specific sensitization" in the atopic population (P=.002) and with "asthma" in the asthmatic population (P=.003). By use of recombinant PAFAH enzymes, the variant Val379 showed increased (14 microM) and Thr198 markedly increased (42 microM) KM values compared to the wild type (7 microM); furthermore, Vmax of Val379 was highly increased (132%). Thr198 and Val379 influence plasmatic PAFAH toward lower substrate affinities and therefore are very likely to prolong the activities of PAF. At the same time, they are associated with an increased risk to develop asthma and atopy. Thus, two PAFAH variants seem to play a key role in atopic and asthmatic processes in Caucasian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kruse
- University Children's Hospital, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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Heinzmann A, Mao XQ, Akaiwa M, Kreomer RT, Gao PS, Ohshima K, Umeshita R, Abe Y, Braun S, Yamashita T, Roberts MH, Sugimoto R, Arima K, Arinobu Y, Yu B, Kruse S, Enomoto T, Dake Y, Kawai M, Shimazu S, Sasaki S, Adra CN, Kitaichi M, Inoue H, Yamauchi K, Tomichi N, Kurimoto F, Hamasaki N, Hopkin JM, Izuhara K, Shirakawa T, Deichmann KA. Genetic variants of IL-13 signalling and human asthma and atopy. Hum Mol Genet 2000; 9:549-59. [PMID: 10699178 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/9.4.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma and atopy show epidemiological association and are biologically linked by T-helper type 2 (T(h)2) cytokine-driven inflammatory mechanisms. IL-4 operates through the IL-4 receptor (IL-4R, a heterodimer of IL-4Ralpha and either gammac or IL-13Ralpha1) and IL-13 operates through IL-13R (a heterodimer of IL-4Ralpha and IL-13Ralpha1) to promote IgE synthesis and IgE-based mucosal inflammation which typify atopy. Recent animal model data suggest that IL-13 is a central cytokine in promoting asthma, through the stimulation of bronchial epithelial mucus secretion and smooth muscle hyper-reactivity. We investigated the role of common genetic variants of IL-13 and IL-13Ralpha1 in human asthma, considering IgE levels. A novel variant of human IL-13, Gln110Arg, on chromosome 5q31, associated with asthma rather than IgE levels in case-control populations from Britain and Japan [peak odds ratio (OR) = 2.31, 95% CI 1.33-4.00]; the variant also predicted asthma and higher serum IL-13 levels in a general, Japanese paediatric population. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that both subunits of IL-13R are prominently expressed in bronchial epithelium and smooth muscle from asthmatic subjects. Detailed molecular modelling analyses indicate that residue 110 of IL-13, the site of the charge-modifying variants Arg and Gln, is important in the internal constitution of the ligand and crucial in ligand-receptor interaction. A non-coding variant of IL-13Ralpha1, A1398G, on chromosome Xq13, associated primarily with high IgE levels (OR = 3. 38 in males, 1.10 in females) rather than asthma. Thus, certain variants of IL-13 signalling are likely to be important promoters of human asthma; detailed functional analysis of their actions is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Heinzmann
- University Children's Hospital, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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22
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Gao PS, Kawada H, Kasamatsu T, Mao XQ, Roberts MH, Miyamoto Y, Yoshimura M, Saitoh Y, Yasue H, Nakao K, Adra CN, Kun JF, Moro-oka S, Inoko H, Ho LP, Shirakawa T, Hopkin JM. Variants of NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3 genes in asthmatics. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 267:761-3. [PMID: 10673365 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.2030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) gas concentrations are higher in expired air in asthmatics. NO is synthesized by three isoforms of NO synthase (NOS) encoded by three distinct genes, NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3. Genome-wide searches have identified linkages to asthma on chromosomes 7, 12, and 17 where these three genes are localized. No association study, however, has been reported to date. To test whether variants of NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3 relate to asthma, a genetic association study was conducted in a British population (n = 300). Intragenic microsatellite variants of NOS1 were significantly associated with asthma [odds ratio (OR) = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.20-3.57 (95% CI), P = 0.008 (Pc = 0.048)], but not with IgE levels. Neither NOS2 nor NOS3 variants showed any association with asthma nor IgE levels. These findings suggest that NOS1 variants may be a significant contributor to asthma in a British population.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Gao
- Experimental Medicine Unit, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea, United Kingdom
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23
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Gao PS, Mao XQ, Jouanguy E, Pallier A, Döffinger R, Tanaka Y, Nakashima H, Otsuka T, Roberts MH, Enomoto T, Dake Y, Kawai M, Sasaki S, Shaldon SR, Coull P, Adra CN, Niho Y, Casanova JL, Shirakawa T, Hopkin JM. Nonpathogenic common variants of IFNGR1 and IFNGR2 in association with total serum IgE levels. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 263:425-9. [PMID: 10491309 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Atopy is an immune disorder in which a Th2 dominant mechanism leads to high IgE levels and the clinical disorder asthma. It has been postulated that the Th1 cytokine IFNgamma, acting through its heterodimeric receptors, IFNgammaR1 and IFNgammaR2, in the induction/proliferation of Th1 cells, might suppress the Th2 responses that may underlie atopic asthma. However, neither murine nor human variants of IFNgamma associate with atopy. Several dysfunctional mutations have been identified in IFNgamma receptor genes (IFNGR1 and IFNGR2) in relation to severe and selective infections with poorly pathogenic organisms. However, little is known about common polymorphisms and their functional role in atopy. To test whether such variants of IFNGR1 and IFNGR2 relate to atopic asthma, we conducted a genetic association study in both British (n = 300) and Japanese (n = 200) populations. An intronic variant of IFNGR1 showed marginal association with total serum IgE levels in the British population compared with those with total IgE levels <30 IU/ml and those with >120-500 IU/ml [odds ratio = 2.00 (95% CI 1. 00-4.07), P = 0.048]. A coding variant, Gln64Arg of the IFNGR2, also associated with total serum IgE levels in the British population [chi(2) = 5.08, P = 0.024]. Further genetic and functional analyses are needed to clarify the role of variants of IFNgamma receptor genes in atopic immune disorder among different ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Gao
- Experimental Medicine Unit, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea, United Kingdom
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24
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Mao XQ, Gao PS, Roberts MH, Enomoto T, Kawai M, Sasaki S, Shaldon SR, Coull P, Dake Y, Adra CN, Hagihara A, Shirakawa T, Hopkin JM. Variants of endothelin-1 and its receptors in atopic asthma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 262:259-62. [PMID: 10448102 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a 21 amino acid peptide released from several types of bronchial cells. It operates through two types of receptors, type A(ET-RA) and type B(ET-RB) and has various activities in the pathophysiology of atopic asthma. These genes are localised on different chromosomes where genome-wide searches have identified linkage for atopic asthma, thus supporting the candidacy of ET-1 and its receptors for atopic asthma. A genetic association study was performed with variants of these three genes in both British (n = 300) and Japanese populations (n = 200). No significant association was found between variants of EDN1 and EDNRB genes, and atopic asthma in either population. However, variants of EDNRA gene showed a marginal association with atopy [odds = 0.39(95% CI: 0.17-0.89), p = 0.022, Pc = 0.066], especially with antigen specific IgE levels [odds = 0.31 (95% CI: 0.20-0.77), p = 0.006, Pc = 0.018] in the British population. These findings suggest that EDNRA is a major candidate locus for atopy on chromosome 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Q Mao
- Experimental Medicine Unit, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea, United Kingdom
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Gao PS, Mao XQ, Baldini M, Roberts MH, Adra CN, Shirakawa T, Holt PG, Martinez FD, Hopkin JM. Serum total IgE levels and CD14 on chromosome 5q31. Clin Genet 1999; 56:164-5. [PMID: 10517256 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.1999.560213.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Adra CN, Mao XQ, Kawada H, Gao PS, Korzycka B, Donate JL, Shaldon SR, Coull P, Dubowitz M, Enomoto T, Ozawa A, Syed SA, Horiuchi T, Khaeraja R, Khan R, Lin SR, Flinter F, Beales P, Hagihara A, Inoko H, Shirakawa T, Hopkin JM. Chromosome 11q13 and atopic asthma. Clin Genet 1999; 55:431-7. [PMID: 10450859 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.1999.550606.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a complex syndrome in which bronchial inflammation and smooth muscle hyperactivity lead to labile airflow obstruction. The commonest form of asthma is that due to atopy, which is an immune disorder where production of IgE to inhaled antigens leads to bronchial mucosal inflammation. The ultimate origins of asthma are interactive environmental and genetic factors. The genetics is acknowledged to be heterogeneous, and one chromosomal region of interest and controversy has been 11q13. To clarify the nature of the chromosome 11q13 effect in atopy and asthma, we conducted a genetic association study in subjects with marked atopic asthma and matched controls, which incorporated the study of 13 genetic variants over a distance of 10-12 cM and which took account of detailed immune and clinical phenotyping. Association with high IgE levels was limited to the interval flanked by D11S1335 and CD20 in a 0.8-Mb interval and was greatest for variants of Fc epsilonRIbeta and HTm4; these variants also associated with asthma (recurrent wheeze with labile airflow obstruction and need for regular inhaler treatment). At the more telomeric marker, D11S480, variants associated with asthma, but not with high IgE levels. The data might support the possibility of multiple loci relevant to atopic asthma on chromosome 11q13.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Adra
- Hematology/Oncology Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Mitsuyasu H, Yanagihara Y, Mao XQ, Gao PS, Arinobu Y, Ihara K, Takabayashi A, Hara T, Enomoto T, Sasaki S, Kawai M, Hamasaki N, Shirakawa T, Hopkin JM, Izuhara K. Cutting edge: dominant effect of Ile50Val variant of the human IL-4 receptor alpha-chain in IgE synthesis. J Immunol 1999; 162:1227-31. [PMID: 9973373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Two variants of the IL-4R alpha-chain (IL-4Ralpha) gene have been recently identified in association with different atopic disorders. To clarify the etiological relationship between the two variants, we analyzed responsiveness to IL-4 of transfectants with four kinds of IL-4Ralpha carrying either Val or Ile at 50 and either Gln or Arg at 551. The substitution of Ile for Val augmented STAT6 activation, proliferation, and transcription activity of the Iepsilon promoter by IL-4, whereas that of Arg for Gln did not change these IL-4 signals. Arg551 was not associated with atopic asthma in the Japanese population. CD23 expression and IgE synthesis by IL-4 were augmented in Ile50-bearing PBMC, compared with those bearing Val50. Taken together, substitution of Arg551 does not enhance the IL-4 signal for generation of germline epsilon transcript, whereas the substitution of Ile50 contributes to enhancement of IgE synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mitsuyasu
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Gao PS, Mao XQ, Kawai M, Enomoto T, Sasaki S, Shaldon SR, Dake Y, Kitano H, Coull P, Hagihara A, Shirakawa T, Hopkin JM. Lack of association between ACE gene polymorphisms and atopy and asthma in British and Japanese populations. Clin Genet 1998; 54:245-7. [PMID: 9788731 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1998.tb04294.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Gao PS, Mao XQ, Kawai M, Enomoto T, Sasaki S, Tanabe O, Yoshimura K, Shaldon SR, Dake Y, Kitano H, Coull P, Shirakawa T, Hopkin JM. Negative association between asthma and variants of CC16(CC10) on chromosome 11q13 in British and Japanese populations. Hum Genet 1998; 103:57-9. [PMID: 9737777 DOI: 10.1007/s004390050783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The gene encoding Clara cell-derived inflammatory molecule CC16 has been cited as a candidate gene for atopic asthma on chromosome 1lq13. A genetic association study was performed with variants of the CC16 gene on chromosome 1lq13 in relation to asthma in British (n=275) and Japanese (n=300) populations. No significant association was found between asthma and CC16 genotypes, irrespective of atopic status in these two populations. These data suggest that CC16 might not be the major locus for asthma on 11q13.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Gao
- Osler Chest Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
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31
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Mitsuyasu H, Izuhara K, Mao XQ, Gao PS, Arinobu Y, Enomoto T, Kawai M, Sasaki S, Dake Y, Hamasaki N, Shirakawa T, Hopkin JM. Ile50Val variant of IL4R alpha upregulates IgE synthesis and associates with atopic asthma. Nat Genet 1998; 19:119-20. [PMID: 9620765 DOI: 10.1038/472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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