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Batcher K, Varney S, Raudsepp T, Jevit M, Dickinson P, Jagannathan V, Leeb T, Bannasch D. Ancient segmentally duplicated LCORL retrocopies in equids. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286861. [PMID: 37289743 PMCID: PMC10249811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
LINE-1 is an active transposable element encoding proteins capable of inserting host gene retrocopies, resulting in retro-copy number variants (retroCNVs) between individuals. Here, we performed retroCNV discovery using 86 equids and identified 437 retrocopy insertions. Only 5 retroCNVs were shared between horses and other equids, indicating that the majority of retroCNVs inserted after the species diverged. A large number (17-35 copies) of segmentally duplicated Ligand Dependent Nuclear Receptor Corepressor Like (LCORL) retrocopies were present in all equids but absent from other extant perissodactyls. The majority of LCORL transcripts in horses and donkeys originate from the retrocopies. The initial LCORL retrotransposition occurred 18 million years ago (17-19 95% CI), which is coincident with the increase in body size, reduction in digit number, and changes in dentition that characterized equid evolution. Evolutionary conservation of the LCORL retrocopy segmental amplification in the Equidae family, high expression levels and the ancient timeline for LCORL retrotransposition support a functional role for this structural variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Batcher
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Scarlett Varney
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Terje Raudsepp
- Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Matthew Jevit
- Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Peter Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Danika Bannasch
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
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2
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Knipe M, Embersics C, Dickinson P. Electroencephalography of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in a dog with generalized tetanus. Vet Med (Auckl) 2022; 37:277-281. [PMID: 36457276 PMCID: PMC9889692 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
CASE SUMMARY A 3-month-old Airedale dog with clinically diagnosed generalized tetanus was investigated for the occurrence of excessive paddling and chewing movements when sleeping. Electroencephalogram (EEG) with time-locked video over 31 hours determined occurrence of the abnormal movements to be within 20 to 180 seconds of the onset of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, but not at any other stage of wakefulness or sleep. No epileptiform activity was noted. Clinical signs of generalized tetanus resolved over 8 weeks with antimicrobial and symptomatic treatment, and sleep-associated movements resolved 6 weeks after presentation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) has been suspected in dogs with generalized tetanus but not confirmed by correlation of repeated episodes of vocalization or motor behaviors or both with REM sleep defined by an EEG. The case further defines RBD in dogs with tetanus, and highlights the value of EEG to differentiate among different parasomnias and epileptiform activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marguerite Knipe
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California, DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Colleen Embersics
- UC Davis William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California, DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Peter Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California, DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
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3
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Cady M, Choudhury A, Lucas CH, Phillips JJ, Palikuqi B, Bush NAO, Klein O, Hervey-Jumper SL, Dickinson P, Magill S, Bhaduri A, Crouch E, Raleigh D. CSIG-36. NOTCH3 DRIVES MENINGIOMA TUMORIGENESIS AND RESISTANCE TO RADIOTHERAPY. Neuro Oncol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9661124 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac209.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
There are no approved targeted therapies for meningiomas and the cell types underlying meningeal tumorigenesis are incompletely understood. To address these limitations, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of 57,114 cells from 8 human meningiomas and 54,607 cells from 3 canine meningiomas. Pseudotime, gene ontology, and copy number variant analyses revealed a population of pericyte-like meningioma cells that were conserved across human and canine tumors and were enriched in expression of Notch3 and other cancer stem cell genes. Deconvolution of cell types from bulk RNA sequencing and DNA methylation profiling of 200 human meningiomas integrated with immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and RNAScope demonstrated Notch3+ pericytes and Notch3 expression were enriched in high grade or Immune-enriched meningiomas, which were distinguished from other meningioma DNA methylation groups by genes driving vasculature development. IHC and IF of human meninges integrated with lineage tracing approaches using Notch3-CreERT2 ROSAmT/mG alleles in mice demonstrated Notch3 expression was restricted to the perivascular stem cell niche during meningeal development and homeostasis. Mice harboring Notch3-CreERT2 Nf2fl/fl alleles developed meningeal hyperproliferation. Overexpression of constitutively activated Notch3 (Notch3AICD) in Immune-enriched human meningioma cells increased the expression of cancer stem cell genes, driving clonogenic growth in vitro, limiting dilution tumor-initiating capacity in vivo, and resistance to radiotherapy in vivo. A selective Notch3 neutralizing antibody (αNRR3) blocked meningioma cell proliferation and expression of Notch3 target genes, inhibiting meningioma xenograft growth and prolonging overall survival. Single-cell RNA sequencing of 187,366 cells from meningioma xenografts after αNRR3 or radiotherapy treatment ± Notch3AICD overexpression revealed distinct meningioma cell-intrinsic or cell-extrinsic mechanisms driving responses to radiotherapy or αNRR3, respectively. Combined treatment with αNRR3 and radiotherapy additively blocked meningioma xenograft growth and extended survival benefit. In sum, these data shed light on a novel cell type, molecular mechanism, and therapeutic vulnerability in the most common primary intracranial tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abrar Choudhury
- University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, CA , USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Raleigh
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , USA
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4
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Batcher K, Varney S, York D, Blacksmith M, Kidd JM, Rebhun R, Dickinson P, Bannasch D. Recent, full-length gene retrocopies are common in canids. Genome Res 2022; 32:gr.276828.122. [PMID: 35961775 PMCID: PMC9435743 DOI: 10.1101/gr.276828.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Gene retrocopies arise from the reverse transcription and insertion into the genome of processed mRNA transcripts. Although many retrocopies have acquired mutations that render them functionally inactive, most mammals retain active LINE-1 sequences capable of producing new retrocopies. New retrocopies, referred to as retro copy number variants (retroCNVs), may not be identified by standard variant calling techniques in high-throughput sequencing data. Although multiple functional FGF4 retroCNVs have been associated with skeletal dysplasias in dogs, the full landscape of canid retroCNVs has not been characterized. Here, retroCNV discovery was performed on a whole-genome sequencing data set of 293 canids from 76 breeds. We identified retroCNV parent genes via the presence of mRNA-specific 30-mers, and then identified retroCNV insertion sites through discordant read analysis. In total, we resolved insertion sites for 1911 retroCNVs from 1179 parent genes, 1236 of which appeared identical to their parent genes. Dogs had on average 54.1 total retroCNVs and 1.4 private retroCNVs. We found evidence of expression in testes for 12% (14/113) of the retroCNVs identified in six Golden Retrievers, including four chimeric transcripts, and 97 retroCNVs also had significantly elevated F ST across dog breeds, possibly indicating selection. We applied our approach to a subset of human genomes and detected an average of 4.2 retroCNVs per sample, highlighting a 13-fold relative increase of retroCNV frequency in dogs. Particularly in canids, retroCNVs are a largely unexplored source of genetic variation that can contribute to genome plasticity and that should be considered when investigating traits and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Batcher
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Scarlett Varney
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Daniel York
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Matthew Blacksmith
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Kidd
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Robert Rebhun
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Peter Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Danika Bannasch
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Amin SB, Gujar A, Yi E, Kang W, Costa M, Sjogren G, Gabriel P, Maher L, Dickinson P, Packer R, Courtois E, Robson P, Lee C, Verhaak R. Abstract 3106: Identifying drivers in the converging syntenic aneuploidies of spontaneous canine and pediatric high-grade glioma using imaging-based an arrayed CRISPR-Cas9 phenotypic screen. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Gliomas occur in companion dogs at rates comparable to humans, with short-snouted breeds such as boxers being more susceptible than others. The natural progression of cancer in the immuno-competent host allows companion dogs diagnosed with sporadic glioma as an optimal model for preclinical testing of therapeutic approaches with human relevance, including immunotherapies. We have recently performed comprehensive genomic and epigenetic characterization of glioma in dogs to their human counterparts and found strong convergent evolution - shared somatic mutations and aneuploidies - among syntenic regions, including those of known pediatric glioma drivers, e.g., PDGFRA, MYC, PIK3CA. Here, using arrayed CRISPR-Cas9 imaging based phenotypic screen, we will probe potential oncogenic drivers and tumor suppressor genes within syntenic aneuploidies and thus outline functional versus non-functional heterogeneity of cancer aneuploidy. Specifically, we are conducting arrayed knockout screen (one gene per well) of 400+ genes within syntenic aneuploidies across primary cultured cells of canine glioma (n=2) and pediatric high-grade glioma cell lines (n=2). We will first capture images by high-speed confocal imaging system at three time points post-transduction of single guide RNAs (2 per gene) targeting each of 400+ genes in their separate wells. Then, using high-throughput image analysis and semi-supervised machine learning methods, we will measure well-based phenotypic features (viability, growth, and morphology) from these images. Genes will be ranked per cross-validated predicted probability in yielding either proliferating or slow-growing cell type based on learned phenotypic features using image data of knockout cells from and across wells. The top ranked genes will then be linked to oncogenes and tumor suppressors based on pathway and ontology analysis as well as further functional in vitro and in vivo (PDX) validation. We expect to find convergence of the most impactful molecular abnormalities (based on their knockout phenotypes) on candidate signaling pathways for the development of new drugs and repurposing of existing drugs for children and dogs with high-grade glioma.
Citation Format: Samirkumar B. Amin, Amit Gujar, Eunhee Yi, Wonyeong Kang, Megan Costa, Greg Sjogren, Paul Gabriel, Leigh Maher, Peter Dickinson, Rebecca Packer, Elise Courtois, Paul Robson, Charles Lee, Roel Verhaak. Identifying drivers in the converging syntenic aneuploidies of spontaneous canine and pediatric high-grade glioma using imaging-based an arrayed CRISPR-Cas9 phenotypic screen [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3106.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amit Gujar
- 1The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Eunhee Yi
- 1The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | | | - Megan Costa
- 1The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Greg Sjogren
- 1The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Paul Gabriel
- 1The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Leigh Maher
- 1The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | | | - Rebecca Packer
- 4Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Elise Courtois
- 1The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Paul Robson
- 1The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Charles Lee
- 1The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Roel Verhaak
- 1The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
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6
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Nix M, Gregory S, Aldred M, Aspin L, Lilley J, Al-Qaisieh B, Uzan J, Svensson S, Dickinson P, Appelt AL, Murray L. Dose summation and image registration strategies for radiobiologically and anatomically corrected dose accumulation in pelvic re-irradiation. Acta Oncol 2022; 61:64-72. [PMID: 34586938 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2021.1982145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Re-irradiation (reRT) is a promising technique for patients with localized recurrence in a previously irradiated area but presents major challenges. These include how to deal with anatomical change between two courses of radiotherapy and integration of radiobiology when summating original and re-irradiation doses. The Support Tool for Re-Irradiation Decisions guided by Radiobiology (STRIDeR) project aims to develop a software tool for use in a commercial treatment planning system to facilitate more informed reRT by accounting for anatomical changes and incorporating radiobiology. We evaluated three approaches to dose summation, incorporating anatomical change and radiobiology to differing extents. METHODS In a cohort of 21 patients who previously received pelvic re-irradiation the following dose summation strategies were compared: (1) Rigid registration (RIR) and physical dose summation, to reflect the current clinical approach, (2) RIR and radiobiological dose summation in equivalent dose in 2 Gy fractions (EQD2), and (3) Patient-specific deformable image registration (DIR) with EQD2 dose summation. RESULTS RIR and physical dose summation (Strategy 1) resulted in high cumulative organ at risk (OAR) doses being 'missed' in 14% of cases, which were highlighted by EQD2 dose summation (Strategy 2). DIR (with EQD2 dose summation; Strategy 3) resulted in improved OAR overlap and distance to agreement metrics compared to RIR (with EQD2 dose summation; Strategy 2) and was consistently preferred in terms of clinical utility. DIR was considered to have a clinically important impact on dose summation in 38% of cases. CONCLUSION Re-irradiation cases require individualized assessment when considering dose summation with the previous treatment plan. Fractionation correction is necessary to meaningfully assess cumulative doses and reduce the risk of unintentional OAR overdose. DIR can add clinically relevant information in selected cases, especially for significant anatomical change. Robust solutions for cumulative dose assessment offer the potential for future improved understanding of cumulative OAR tolerances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Nix
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Leeds Cancer Centre, St. James' University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Stephen Gregory
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Leeds Cancer Centre, St. James' University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Michael Aldred
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Leeds Cancer Centre, St. James' University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Lynn Aspin
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Leeds Cancer Centre, St. James' University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - John Lilley
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Leeds Cancer Centre, St. James' University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Bashar Al-Qaisieh
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Leeds Cancer Centre, St. James' University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Julien Uzan
- RaySearch Laboratories AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Peter Dickinson
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, St. James' University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Ane L Appelt
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Leeds Cancer Centre, St. James' University Hospital, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Louise Murray
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, St. James' University Hospital, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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7
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Choudhury A, Cady M, Lucas C, Palikuqi B, Klein O, Hervey-Jumper S, Phillips J, Dickinson P, Magill S, Bhaduri A, Crouch E, Raleigh D. STEM-27. A PERIVASCULAR STEM CELL UNDERLIES VERTEBRATE MENINGEAL TUMORIGENESIS. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab196.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors in humans and dogs, but biologic drivers and cell types underlying meningeal tumorigenesis are incompletely understood. Here we integrate meningioma single-cell RNA sequencing with stem cell approaches to define a perivascular stem cell underlying vertebrate meningeal tumorigenesis.
METHODS
Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on 57,114 cells from 8 human meningiomas, 54,607 cells from 3 dog meningiomas, and human meningioma xenografts in mice. Results were validated using immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and deconvolution of bulk RNA sequencing of 200 human meningiomas. Mechanistic and functional studies were performed using clonogenic and limiting dilution assays, xenografts, and genetically engineered mouse models.
RESULTS
Copy number variant identification from human meningioma single cells distinguished tumor cells with loss of chr22q from non-tumor cells with intact chr22q. A single cluster distinguished by expression of Notch3 and other cancer stem cell genes had an intermediate level of loss of chr22q, suggesting this cluster may represent meningioma stem cells. In support of this hypothesis, pseudotime trajectory analysis demonstrated transcriptomic progression starting from Notch3+ cells and encompassing all other meningioma cell types. Notch3+ meningioma cells had transcriptomic concordance to mural pericytes, and IF/IHC of prenatal and adult human meninges, as well as lineage tracing using a Notch3-CreERT2 allele in mice, confirmed Notch3+ cells were restricted to the perivascular stem cell niche in mammalian meningeal development and homeostasis. Integrating human and dog meningioma single cells revealed Notch3+ cells in tumor and non-tumor clusters in dog meningiomas. Notch3 IF/IHC and cell-type deconvolution of bulk RNA sequencing showed Notch3+ cells were enriched in high-grade human meningiomas. Notch3 overexpression in human meningioma cells increased clonogenic growth in vitro, and increased tumorigenesis and tumor growth in vivo, decreasing overall survival.
CONCLUSIONS
Notch3+ stem cells in the perivascular niche underlie vertebrate meningeal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar Choudhury
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Martha Cady
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Calixto Lucas
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brisa Palikuqi
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ophir Klein
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Joanna Phillips
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Aparna Bhaduri
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - David Raleigh
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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8
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Amin S, Kang W, Gujar A, Maher L, Courtois E, Robson P, Dickinson P, Packer R, Lee C, Verhaak R. TMOD-13. IDENTIFYING DRIVERS IN THE CONVERGING SYNTENIC REGIONS OF SPONTANEOUS CANINE AND PEDIATRIC HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA USING IMAGING BASED CRISPR-CAS9 ARRAY SCREEN. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab196.874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Gliomas occur in companion dogs at rates comparable to humans, with short-snouted breeds such as boxers being more susceptible than others. The natural progression of cancer in the immuno-competent host allows companion dogs diagnosed with sporadic glioma as an optimal model for preclinical testing of therapeutic approaches with human relevance, including immunotherapies. We have recently performed comprehensive genomic and epigenetic characterization of glioma in dogs to their human counterparts and found strong convergent evolution – shared somatic mutations and aneuploidies - among syntenic regions, including those of known pediatric glioma drivers, e.g., PDGFRA, MYC, PIK3CA. Here, using arrayed CRISPR-Cas9 imaging based phenotypic screen, we will probe potential oncogenic drivers and tumor suppressor genes within syntenic aneuploidies and thus outline functional versus non-functional heterogeneity of cancer aneuploidy. Specifically, we are conducting arrayed knockout screen (one gene per well) of 400+ genes within syntenic aneuploidies across canine (n=2) and pediatric (n=2) high-grade glioma cell lines. We will first capture images by high-speed confocal imaging system at three time points post-transduction of single guide RNAs (2 per gene) targeting each of 400+ genes in their separate wells. Then, using high-throughput image analysis and semi-supervised machine learning methods, we will measure well-based phenotypic features (viability, growth, and morphology) from these images. Genes will be ranked per cross-validated predicted probability in yielding either proliferating or slow-growing cell type based on learned phenotypic features using image data of knockout cells from and across wells. The top ranked genes will then be linked to oncogenes and tumor suppressors based on pathway and ontology analysis. We expect that we will see convergence of the most impactful molecular abnormalities (based on their knockout phenotypes) on mechanisms or candidate signaling pathways for the development of new drugs and repurposing of existing drugs for kids and dogs with high-grade glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samirkumar Amin
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Wonyeong Kang
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Amit Gujar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Leigh Maher
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Elise Courtois
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Paul Robson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Packer
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Charles Lee
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Roel Verhaak
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
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9
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Slevin F, Aitken K, Alongi F, Arcangeli S, Chadwick E, Chang AR, Cheung P, Crane C, Guckenberger M, Jereczek-Fossa BA, Kamran SC, Kinj R, Loi M, Mahadevan A, Massaccesi M, Mendez LC, Muirhead R, Pasquier D, Pontoriero A, Spratt DE, Tsang YM, Zelefsky MJ, Lilley J, Dickinson P, Hawkins MA, Henry AM, Murray LJ. An international Delphi consensus for pelvic stereotactic ablative radiotherapy re-irradiation. Radiother Oncol 2021; 164:104-114. [PMID: 34560186 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR) is increasingly used to treat metastatic oligorecurrence and locoregional recurrences but limited evidence/guidance exists in the setting of pelvic re-irradiation. An international Delphi study was performed to develop statements to guide practice regarding patient selection, pre-treatment investigations, treatment planning, delivery and cumulative organs at risk (OARs) constraints. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-one radiation oncologists were invited to participate in three online surveys. In Round 1, information and opinion was sought regarding participants' practice. Guidance statements were developed using this information and in Round 2 participants were asked to indicate their level of agreement with each statement. Consensus was defined as ≥75% agreement. In Round 3, any statements without consensus were re-presented unmodified, alongside a summary of comments from Round 2. RESULTS Twenty-three radiation oncologists participated in Round 1 and, of these, 21 (91%) and 22 (96%) completed Rounds 2 and 3 respectively. Twenty-nine of 44 statements (66%) achieved consensus in Round 2. The remaining 15 statements (34%) did not achieve further consensus in Round 3. Consensus was achieved for 10 of 17 statements (59%) regarding patient selection/pre-treatment investigations; 12 of 13 statements (92%) concerning treatment planning and delivery; and 7 of 14 statements (50%) relating to OARs. Lack of agreement remained regarding the minimum time interval between irradiation courses, the number/size of pelvic lesions that can be treated and the most appropriate cumulative OAR constraints. CONCLUSIONS This study has established consensus, where possible, in areas of patient selection, pre-treatment investigations, treatment planning and delivery for pelvic SABR re-irradiation for metastatic oligorecurrence and locoregional recurrences. Further research into this technique is required, especially regarding aspects of practice where consensus was not achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finbar Slevin
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK; University of Leeds, UK.
| | - Katharine Aitken
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
| | - Filippo Alongi
- IRCCS Ospedale Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, Italy; University of Brescia, Italy.
| | - Stefano Arcangeli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
| | | | - Ah Ram Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Christopher Crane
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Centre, New York, USA.
| | - Matthias Guckenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy; Division of Radiotherapy, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sophia C Kamran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
| | - Rémy Kinj
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Mauro Loi
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Anand Mahadevan
- Geisinger Medical Center - Radiation Oncology, Danville, USA.
| | - Mariangela Massaccesi
- Dipartimento Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica e Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, Roma, Italy.
| | - Lucas C Mendez
- Division of Radiation Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, Canada.
| | | | - David Pasquier
- Academic Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France; CRIStAL, UMR 9181, Lille University, Lille, France.
| | - Antonio Pontoriero
- Department of BIOMORF, Radiation Oncology Unit, University of Messina, Italy.
| | - Daniel E Spratt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Centre, Cleveland, USA.
| | | | - Michael J Zelefsky
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Centre, New York, USA.
| | | | | | - Maria A Hawkins
- Medical Physics and Biochemical Engineering, University College London, UK.
| | - Ann M Henry
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK; University of Leeds, UK.
| | - Louise J Murray
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK; University of Leeds, UK.
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Murthy VD, Li CF, Hicks J, Kroll J, Giuffrida M, Dickinson P, Toedebusch CM. Serum phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain as a diagnostic biomarker for progressive myelomalacia in dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 35:2366-2373. [PMID: 34476832 PMCID: PMC8478056 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Serum phosphorylated neurofilament‐heavy chain (pNF‐H) has not been longitudinally evaluated in dogs that develop progressive myelomalacia (PMM) after Type I intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH). Objectives To determine if serum pNF‐H concentrations would predict outcome of neuroligical disease in dogs with acute, severe thoracolumbar myelopathy secondary to Type I IVDH. Animals Thirty‐nine client‐owned dogs with thoracolumbar myelopathy secondary to IVDH. Methods Prospective controlled cohort study. Serum was collected from dogs undergoing hemilaminectomy at multiple timepoints. Final neurological status was established at 12 months and groups were stratified accordingly. Comparisons between outcome and pNF‐H concentration at each timepoint was examined using Kruskal‐Wallis analysis of variance on ranks and receiver operator characteristics curve analysis. Results Median serum pNF‐H concentrations were not significantly different between deep pain negative dogs that did or did not recover at any timepoint (baseline: 0.37 ng/mL [0‐0.9 ng/mL] vs 0 ng/mL [0‐0.9 ng/mL], P > 1; 24 hours: 1.25 ng/mL [0.35‐7.23 ng/mL] vs 1.53 ng/mL [0‐11.94 ng/mL], P > 1; 48 hours: 1.22 ng/mL [0.63‐6.62 ng/mL] vs 2.12 ng/mL [0‐20.72 ng/mL], P > 1; 72 hours: 2.77 ng/mL [1.33‐6.62 ng/mL] vs 16.69 ng/mL [4.02‐40.12 ng/mL], P > 1). Dogs that developed PMM had significantly higher serum pNF‐H concentrations after surgery compared to all other cohorts at 24 hours: 39.88 ng/mL (25.74‐50.68 ng/mL); P < .05 and 72 hours: 223.9 ng/mL (155.4‐263.7 ng/mL); P < .05. A serum pNF‐H concentration ≥31.39 ng/mL was 83.33% sensitive and 100% specific for identifying PMM in this cohort. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Serum pNF‐H is a promising biomarker for antemortem diagnosis of PMM in dogs with acute, severe thoracolumbar myelopathy secondary to Type I IVDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal D Murthy
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Chai-Fei Li
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jill Hicks
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jacqueline Kroll
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Michelle Giuffrida
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Peter Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Christine M Toedebusch
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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11
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Krebs M, Lord S, Kenny L, Baird R, MacPherson I, Bahl A, Clack G, Ainscow E, Barrett A, Dickinson P, Fuchter M, Lehnert M, Ali S, Mcintosh S, Coombes R. 230MO First in human, modular study of samuraciclib (CT7001), a first-in-class, oral, selective inhibitor of CDK7, in patients with advanced solid malignancies. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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12
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Sun F, Mason H, Franks K, Teo M, Dickinson P, Clarke K, Jain P. PO-1204 Adjuvant immunotherapy after concurrent chemoradiotherapy for stage 3 NSCLC, outcomes from a large cancer centre. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Saha A, Beasley M, Hatton N, Dickinson P, Franks K, Clarke K, Jain P, Teo M, Murray P, Lilley J. Can dosimetry affect local control and survival in patients with early-stage lung cancer treated with Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR)? An analysis of the UK's largest cohort of lung SABR patients. Acta Oncol 2021; 60:505-512. [PMID: 33491521 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2021.1874617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES A recent study has shown that tight conformity of lung Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR) plans might worsen loco-regional control and can predict distant metastases. The study aims to report overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), local recurrence free survival (LRFS), and dosimetry of early-stage lung cancer patients treated with SABR and to try to explore any dosimetric predictor of outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients treated in our institute (May 2009-August 2018) were included. Electronic medical records were reviewed for baseline characteristics, treatment details, and outcomes. Dosimetric data were extracted from Xio and Monaco software. Patients were treated according to the United Kingdom (UK) SABR consortium guidelines. Kaplan-Meier's analysis with log-rank test was used for survival analysis. The univariate and multivariable Cox regression model was used for correlating dosimetric variables and outcomes. RESULTS We treated 1266 patients with median age of 75 years and 47.4% were male. Median follow up was 56 months. Median OS was 36 months with 1, 2, and 5 years OS of 84.2%, 64.5%, and 31.5%, respectively. Median for PFS and LRFS was not reached. One, 2, and 5 years PFS were 87.4%, 78.4%, and 72.5%, respectively. One, 2, and 5 years LRFS were 98.2%, 95.1%, and 92.5%, respectively. Planning target volume (PTV), dose to 99% volume of PTV (D99), and R50 (volume receiving the 50% dose/volume (PTV)) were significantly associated with OS. PTV, mean lung dose (MLD), V20 (volume of lung minus gross tumour volume (GTV) receiving 20 Gy), V12.5 (volume of lung minus GTV receiving 12.5 Gy), and dose fractionation were significantly associated with PFS. Nothing was associated with LRFS on univariate analysis. R100 of >1.1 was associated with better OS, PFS, and LRFS compared to R100 ≤ 1.1. CONCLUSION SABR achieves good clinical outcomes in patients with early-stage lung cancer; even in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. In the largest UK early lung cancer cohort treated with SABR, we found that dosimetry correlates with clinical outcomes. Further validation of these results is needed to guide future optimisation of SABR delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Animesh Saha
- Department of Oncology, Apollo Gleneagles Cancer Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Matthew Beasley
- Department of Oncology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Nathaniel Hatton
- Department of Oncology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Peter Dickinson
- Department of Oncology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Kevin Franks
- Department of Oncology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Katy Clarke
- Department of Oncology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Pooja Jain
- Department of Oncology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Mark Teo
- Department of Oncology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Patrick Murray
- Department of Oncology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS trust, Leeds, UK
| | - John Lilley
- Department of Medical Physics, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS trust, Leeds, UK
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14
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Saha A, Beasley M, Hatton N, Dickinson P, Franks K, Clarke K, Jain P, Teo M, Murray P, Lilley J. Clinical and dosimetric predictors of radiation pneumonitis in early-stage lung cancer treated with Stereotactic Ablative radiotherapy (SABR) - An analysis of UK's largest cohort of lung SABR patients. Radiother Oncol 2021; 156:153-159. [PMID: 33333139 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR) is the standard treatment for early-stage medically inoperable lung cancer. Predictors of radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patients treated with SABR are poorly defined. In this study, we investigate clinical and dosimetric parameters, which can predict symptomatic RP in early-stage lung cancer patients treated with SABR. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients treated with lung SABR between May 2009 and August 2018, in a single United Kingdom (UK) radiotherapy center were included. The patient's baseline characteristics, treatment details, and toxicity were retrieved from the electronic medical record. Dosimetric data was extracted from Xio and Monaco treatment planning systems. Patients were treated according to the UK SABR consortium guidelines. RP was graded retrospectively using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0, based on available clinical and imaging information. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression was performed to determine predictive factors for grade ≥ 2 radiation pneumonitis, using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistics version 21 software. The goodness of fit was assessed using the Hosmer and Lemeshow test. The optimal diagnostic threshold was tested using the Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. The chi-square test was carried out to test the different risk factors against the likelihood of developing grade ≥ 2 pneumonitis. RESULTS A total of 1266 patients included in the analysis. The median age of patients was 75 years. Six hundred sixty-six patients (52.6%) were female. Median follow up was 56 months. Sixty-five percent of patients received 55 Gy in 5 fractions. Forty-three percent of patients had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) of 2 and 16.2% had PS of 3. The Median Charlson comorbidity index was 6 (range 2-11). Median Standardized Uptake Value (SUV) max of the tumor was 6.5. Four hundred two patients (31.8%) had confirmed histological diagnosis; other patients were treated based on a radiological diagnosis. The median tumor size was 20 mm (range 4 mm-63 mm). Median Planning Target Volume (PTV) was 30.3 cc. Median values of R100, R50, and D2cm were 1.1, 5.6, 32.8 Gy. The median value of mean lung dose, V20, and V12.5 were 3.9 Gy, 5 %and 9.3% respectively. Eighty-five (6.7%) patients developed symptomatic RP (grade ≥ 2) with only 5(0.4%) developing grade 3 RP. Five percent of patients developed rib fractures but only 28% of these were symptomatic. On univariate analysis lower lobe tumor location, larger tumor size, PTV, mean lung dose, lung V20Gy, and V12.5 Gy were significantly associated with grade ≥ 2 RP. On multivariate analysis, only mean lung dose was associated with grade ≥ 2 pneumonitis. ROC curve analysis showed optimal diagnostic threshold for tumour size, PTV, mean lung dose, V20 and V12.5; are 22.5 mm ((Area Under Curve (AUC)-0.565)), 27.15 cc (AUC-0.58), 3.7 Gy (AUC-0.633), 4.6% (AUC-0.597), 9.5% (AUC-0.616). The incidence of ≥grade 2 RP was significantly high for values higher than the ROC threshold. CONCLUSION SABR treatment resulted in a very low rate of grade 3 pneumonitis. Lower lobe tumor location, larger tumor size, PTV, mean lung dose, V20, and V12.5 were found to be significant predictors of symptomatic radiation pneumonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Animesh Saha
- Department of Oncology, Apollo Gleneagles Cancer Hospital, Kolkata, India.
| | - Matthew Beasley
- Department of Oncology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Nathaniel Hatton
- Department of Oncology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Peter Dickinson
- Department of Oncology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Kevin Franks
- Department of Oncology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Katy Clarke
- Department of Oncology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Pooja Jain
- Department of Oncology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Mark Teo
- Department of Oncology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Patrick Murray
- Department of Oncology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - John Lilley
- Department of Medical Physics, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
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15
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Hatton N, Saha A, Beasley M, Franks K, Clarke K, Jain P, Teo M, Murray P, Lilley J, Dickinson P. MA03.09 Can Clinical Variables be used to Provide Better Follow up in Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR) Treated Lung Cancers? J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Rossmeisl J, Herpai D, D’Agostino R, Rossmeisl J, Tatter S, Dickinson P, Debinski W. EXTH-34. PHASE I TRIAL OF CONVECTION-ENHANCED DELIVERY OF IL13RA2 AND EPHA2 RECEPTOR TARGETED CYTOTOXINS IN DOGS WITH SPONTANEOUS INTRACRANIAL GLIOMAS. Neuro Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The interleukin 13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13RA2) and ephrin type-A receptor 2 (EPHA2) receptors are attractive therapeutic targets, being expressed in ~90% of canine and human gliomas, and absent in normal brain. Clinical trials using an earlier generation IL-13 based cytotoxin showed encouraging clinical effects in human glioma, but met with technical barriers associated with the convection enhanced delivery (CED) method. In this study, IL-13 mutant and Ephrin-A1 (EFNA1)-based bacterial cytotoxins targeted to IL13RA2 and EPHA2 receptors, respectively, were administered locoregionally by CED to dogs with intracranial gliomas to evaluate their safety and preliminary efficacy. In this Phase I, 3 + 3 dose escalation trial, cytotoxins were infused by CED in 17 dogs with gliomas expressing IL13RA2 or EPHA2 receptors. CED was performed using a shape-fitting therapeutic planning algorithm, reflux-preventing catheters, and real-time intraoperative MRI-monitoring. The primary end point was to determine the maximum tolerated dose of the cytotoxic cocktail in dogs with gliomas. Consistent intratumoral delivery of the cytotoxic cocktail was achieved, with a median target coverage of 70% (range, 40–94%). Cytotoxins were well tolerated over a dose range of 0.012–1.278 mg/mL delivered to the target volume (median, 0.099 mg/mL), with no dose limiting toxicities observed. Objective tumor responses, up to 94% tumor volume reduction, were observed in 50% (8/16) of dogs, including at least one dog in each dosing cohort >0.05 mg/mL. This study provides pre-clinical data fundamental to the translation of this multi-receptor targeted therapeutic approach to the human clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Rossmeisl
- Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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17
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Sun F, Jain P, Murray P, Clarke K, Dickinson P, Teo M, Saha A, Franks K. PO-1017: Poor Diffusing Capacity for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO) is associated with worse survival post SABR. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01034-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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Littlejohns A, Janjua T, Murray P, Jain P, Clarke K, Dickinson P, Teo M, Saha A, Franks K, Sun F. PO-1016: Efficacy and safety profile of Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR) for multiple lung primaries. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01033-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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19
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Saha A, Hatton N, Beasley M, Franks K, Jain P, Teo M, Clarke K, Dickinson P, Murray P, Lilley J. PO-1007: Predictors of radiation pneumonitis in early stage lung cancer treated with SABR. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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Parikh S, Jain P, Clarke K, Franks K, Teo M, Dickinson P, Young A, Murray P. 1378P Is 30-day mortality after systemic anticancer therapy in lung cancer in the era of varied treatments still relevant? Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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21
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Batcher K, Dickinson P, Maciejczyk K, Brzeski K, Rasouliha SH, Letko A, Drögemüller C, Leeb T, Bannasch D. Multiple FGF4 Retrocopies Recently Derived within Canids. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11080839. [PMID: 32717834 PMCID: PMC7465015 DOI: 10.3390/genes11080839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two transcribed retrocopies of the fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) gene have previously been described in the domestic dog. An FGF4 retrocopy on chr18 is associated with disproportionate dwarfism, while an FGF4 retrocopy on chr12 is associated with both disproportionate dwarfism and intervertebral disc disease (IVDD). In this study, whole-genome sequencing data were queried to identify other FGF4 retrocopies that could be contributing to phenotypic diversity in canids. Additionally, dogs with surgically confirmed IVDD were assayed for novel FGF4 retrocopies. Five additional and distinct FGF4 retrocopies were identified in canids including a copy unique to red wolves (Canis rufus). The FGF4 retrocopies identified in domestic dogs were identical to domestic dog FGF4 haplotypes, which are distinct from modern wolf FGF4 haplotypes, indicating that these retrotransposition events likely occurred after domestication. The identification of multiple, full length FGF4 retrocopies with open reading frames in canids indicates that gene retrotransposition events occur much more frequently than previously thought and provide a mechanism for continued genetic and phenotypic diversity in canids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Batcher
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (K.B.); (K.M.)
| | - Peter Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Kimberly Maciejczyk
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (K.B.); (K.M.)
| | - Kristin Brzeski
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA;
| | - Sheida Hadji Rasouliha
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (S.H.R.); (A.L.); (C.D.); (T.L.)
| | - Anna Letko
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (S.H.R.); (A.L.); (C.D.); (T.L.)
| | - Cord Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (S.H.R.); (A.L.); (C.D.); (T.L.)
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (S.H.R.); (A.L.); (C.D.); (T.L.)
| | - Danika Bannasch
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (K.B.); (K.M.)
- Correspondence:
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22
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Gross C, Ramirez D, Dickinson P, Gustafson D, McGrath S. Cannabidiol Induces Apoptosis and Perturbs Mitochondrial Function in both Human and Canine Glioma Cells. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.04176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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23
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Amin S, Anderson K, Bourdreau B, Martínez E, Kocakavuk E, Johnson KC, Barthel F, Varn F, Kassab C, Ling X, Kim H, Barther M, Yee Ngan C, Dickinson P, Packer R, Taylor A, Rossmeisl J, Heimberger A, Levine J, Verhaak R. GENE-57. COMPARATIVE MOLECULAR LIFE HISTORY OF SPONTANEOUS CANINE AND HUMAN GLIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz175.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Diffuse gliomas are the commonest of malignant brain tumors with high-grade tumors carrying dismal prognosis. Preclinical models have proven themselves as poor predictors of clinical efficacy, attributed to the lack of a comparable tumor microenvironment. Comparative genomics of canine and human gliomas provide an attractive alternative modality to identify conserved drivers and underlying mutational processes of glioma as well as evaluate life history tradeoffs related to tissue context and aging that can shape type and relative timing of drivers in gliomagenesis. We performed a comparative genomics analysis between whole genome-, exome-, transcriptome- and methylation-sequencing of 77 canine gliomas, and human pediatric (n=217) and adult gliomas (n=822). We found alterations in common with those in human pediatric and adult gliomas in the Tp53 and cell cycle pathways, receptor tyrosine kinase and Idh1 R132 mutations. Canine gliomas showed similarity to human pediatric gliomas in terms of lower mutational rates (0.2–0.29 per megabase), hotspot mutations and amplifications of Pdgfrα, and robust aneuploidy constrained within the syntenic regions of Pdgfrα and Myc, but also in the known pediatric drivers, Hist1 and Acvr1 genes. A mutational signature reflecting homologous repair defect was detected in canine and pediatric but not adult gliomas, potentially resulting in the observed higher rates of genomic instability. Canine gliomas in majority classified as pediatric tumors using a commonly used human brain methylation classifier (Capper et al. 2018) and cell-of-origin analysis by deconvoluting canine transcriptome using lineage-specific gene signatures. By providing a large canine glioma genomic-sequencing dataset and comparing it with human glioma, our study provides unique insights into glioma etiology and the chronology of glioma-causing somatic alterations. Further, our results effectively position preclinical models of spontaneous canine glioma for use in understanding glioma drivers, and evaluate novel therapies targeting aneuploidy, especially for pediatric brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samirkumar Amin
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Kevin Anderson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Beth Bourdreau
- Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Emre Kocakavuk
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Kevin C Johnson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Floris Barthel
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Frederick Varn
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Cynthia Kassab
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Ling
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hoon Kim
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Chew Yee Ngan
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Amanda Taylor
- Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, VA, USA
| | - John Rossmeisl
- Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Amy Heimberger
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan Levine
- Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Roel Verhaak
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
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24
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Boon IS, Jaques L, Elder L, Purkis M, Wong J, Dickinson P, Stark D, Marples M, Turner R. Real-world experience of Olaratumab and Doxorubicin versus Doxorubicin alone for advanced soft-tissue sarcoma in a UK centre. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Murphy BG, Dickinson P, Marcellin-Little DJ, Batcher K, Raverty S, Bannasch D. Pathologic Features of the Intervertebral Disc in Young Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers Confirms Chondrodystrophy Degenerative Phenotype Associated With Genotype. Vet Pathol 2019; 56:895-902. [PMID: 31526126 DOI: 10.1177/0300985819868731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chondrodystrophy results in predictable and progressive biochemical and structural changes to the intervertebral disc, resulting in early onset degeneration and dystrophic mineralization of the disc. Accelerated degeneration and mineralization of the intervertebral disc are common in multiple dog breeds and can result in compromised function, herniation, pain, and a variety of neurological sequelae. A mutation responsible for chondrodystrophy in dogs has been identified as an aberrant fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) retrogene insertion on chromosome 12 (CFA12) and is associated with short stature of the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever. Segregation of the CFA12 FGF4 retrogene in this dog breed provides an opportunity to examine the effect of retrogene presence on radiographic and histologic appearance of chondrodystrophic disc degeneration within a single breed. Here we found that in the intervertebral discs isolated from 2 dogs with the CFA12 FGF4 genotype, the nucleus pulposus was largely replaced by cartilaginous tissue, and physaliferous notochordal cells were rarely if ever identified. These findings are in contrast to the normal histologic findings in 2 breed-matched dogs lacking the mutation. The findings are consistent with premature chondroid degeneration of the intervertebral disc and suggest that the presence of the CFA12 FGF4 retrogene is sufficient to cause the chondrodystrophic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian G Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Peter Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Denis J Marcellin-Little
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Batcher
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Danika Bannasch
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Nix M, Gregory S, Aldred M, Aspin L, Al-Qaisieh B, Lilley J, Appelt A, Dickinson P, Murray L. PO-1001 Combined image-based and biomechanical deformable image registration of extreme anatomical changes. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31421-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sun F, Littlejohns A, Fakih O, Clarke K, Franks K, Snee M, Dickinson P, Jain P. An audit of sequential chemoradiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at the Leeds Cancer Centre (LCC). Lung Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(19)30231-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rossmeisl J, Herpai D, Robertson J, Dickinson P, Tatter S, Debinski W. EXTH-43. EFFECTIVE TREATMENT OF CANINE SPONTANEOUS GLIOMAS WITH A CYTOTOXIC COCKTAIL TARGETING IL-13RA2 AND EphA2 RECEPTORS. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy148.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Denise Herpai
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Amin S, Boudreau B, Martinez-Ledesma JE, Anderson K, Kim H, Johnson K, Dickinson P, Packer R, Taylor A, Rossmeisl J, Heimberger A, Levine J, Verhaak R. COMP-07. COMPARATIVE MOLECULAR LIFE HISTORY OF SPONTANEOUS CANINE AND HUMAN GLIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy148.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samirkumar Amin
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Kevin Anderson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Hoon Kim
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Kevin Johnson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Amanda Taylor
- Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Roel Verhaak
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
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Sun F, Coen O, Appleton E, Zeniou A, Clarke K, Franks K, Snee M, Dickinson P, Jain P. P2.08-003 An Audit of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer at the Leeds Cancer Centre (LCC). J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Murray LJ, Lilley J, Hawkins MA, Henry AM, Dickinson P, Sebag-Montefiore D. Pelvic re-irradiation using stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR): A systematic review. Radiother Oncol 2017; 125:213-222. [PMID: 29066125 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To perform a systematic review regarding the use of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for the re-irradiation of recurrent malignant disease within the pelvis, to guide the clinical implementation of this technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic search strategy was adopted using the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases. RESULTS 195 articles were identified, of which 17 were appropriate for inclusion. Studies were small and data largely retrospective. In total, 205 patients are reported to have received pelvic SABR re-irradiation. Dose and fractionation schedules and re-irradiated volumes are highly variable. Little information is provided regarding organ at risk constraints adopted in the re-irradiation setting. Treatment appears well-tolerated overall, with nine grade 3 and six grade 4 toxicities amongst thirteen re-irradiated patients. Local control at one year ranged from 51% to 100%. Symptomatic improvements were also noted. CONCLUSIONS For previously irradiated patients with recurrent pelvic disease, SABR re-irradiation could be a feasible intervention for those who otherwise have limited options. Evidence to support this technique is limited but shows initial promise. Based on the available literature, suggestions for a more formal SABR re-irradiation pathway are proposed. Prospective studies and a multidisciplinary approach are required to optimise future treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Janet Murray
- Radiotherapy Research Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, UK; Department of Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, St James's University Hospitals, UK.
| | - John Lilley
- Department of Medical Physics, Leeds Cancer Centre, St James's University Hospitals, UK
| | - Maria A Hawkins
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Ann M Henry
- Radiotherapy Research Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, UK; Department of Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, St James's University Hospitals, UK
| | - Peter Dickinson
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, St James's University Hospitals, UK
| | - David Sebag-Montefiore
- Radiotherapy Research Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, UK; Department of Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, St James's University Hospitals, UK
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OSA) is a common malignant bone tumor of large breed dogs that occurs at predictable anatomic sites. At the time of initial diagnosis, most affected dogs have occult pulmonary metastases. Even with aggressive surgical treatment combined with chemotherapy, the majority of dogs diagnosed with OSA live less than 1 year from the time of diagnosis. The ability to identify canine OSA cases most responsive to treatment is needed. In humans, OSA is also an aggressive tumor that is histologically and molecularly similar to canine OSA. The expression of the tumor suppressor gene product P16 by human OSA tissue has been linked to a favorable response to chemotherapy. RESULTS We identified an antibody that binds canine P16 and developed a canine OSA tissue microarray in order to test the hypothesis that P16 expression by canine OSA tissue is predictive of clinical outcome following amputation and chemotherapy. Although statistical significance was not reached, a trend was identified between the lack of canine OSA P16 expression and a shorter disease free interval. CONCLUSIONS The identification of a molecular marker for canine OSA is an important goal and the results reported here justify a larger study.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Murphy
- Department Pathology, University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Davis, CA, 95618, USA.
| | - M Y Mok
- Department Pathology, University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Davis, CA, 95618, USA
| | - D York
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, Davis, CA, 95618, USA
| | - R Rebhun
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, Davis, CA, 95618, USA
| | - K D Woolard
- Department Pathology, University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Davis, CA, 95618, USA
| | - C Hillman
- Department Pathology, University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Davis, CA, 95618, USA
| | - P Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, Davis, CA, 95618, USA
| | - K Skorupski
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, Davis, CA, 95618, USA
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Dickinson P, Ancona D, Aguilar M, Bannasch D. GENE-14. COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF DOG AND HUMAN CHOROID PLEXUS TUMORS DEFINES SYNTENIC REGIONS OF GENOMIC LOSS. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox083.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Murray P, Clarke K, Franks K, Dickinson P, Lilley J, Snee M, Jain P. P1.05-030 Lung SABR for Early Stage Lung Cancer: Outcomes and Toxicity of 803 Patients Treated at the Leeds Cancer Centre. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.11.814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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35
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Truvé K, Dickinson P, Xiong A, York D, Jayashankar K, Pielberg G, Koltookian M, Murén E, Fuxelius HH, Weishaupt H, Swartling FJ, Andersson G, Hedhammar Å, Bongcam-Rudloff E, Forsberg-Nilsson K, Bannasch D, Lindblad-Toh K. Utilizing the Dog Genome in the Search for Novel Candidate Genes Involved in Glioma Development-Genome Wide Association Mapping followed by Targeted Massive Parallel Sequencing Identifies a Strongly Associated Locus. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006000. [PMID: 27171399 PMCID: PMC4865040 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common form of malignant primary brain tumors in humans and second most common in dogs, occurring with similar frequencies in both species. Dogs are valuable spontaneous models of human complex diseases including cancers and may provide insight into disease susceptibility and oncogenesis. Several brachycephalic breeds such as Boxer, Bulldog and Boston Terrier have an elevated risk of developing glioma, but others, including Pug and Pekingese, are not at higher risk. To identify glioma-associated genetic susceptibility factors, an across-breed genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed on 39 dog glioma cases and 141 controls from 25 dog breeds, identifying a genome-wide significant locus on canine chromosome (CFA) 26 (p = 2.8 x 10-8). Targeted re-sequencing of the 3.4 Mb candidate region was performed, followed by genotyping of the 56 SNVs that best fit the association pattern between the re-sequenced cases and controls. We identified three candidate genes that were highly associated with glioma susceptibility: CAMKK2, P2RX7 and DENR. CAMKK2 showed reduced expression in both canine and human brain tumors, and a non-synonymous variant in P2RX7, previously demonstrated to have a 50% decrease in receptor function, was also associated with disease. Thus, one or more of these genes appear to affect glioma susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Truvé
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- * E-mail: (KT); (KLT)
| | - Peter Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Anqi Xiong
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel York
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Kartika Jayashankar
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Gerli Pielberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michele Koltookian
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Eva Murén
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hans-Henrik Fuxelius
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Holger Weishaupt
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik J. Swartling
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Göran Andersson
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Åke Hedhammar
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erik Bongcam-Rudloff
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Forsberg-Nilsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Danika Bannasch
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Kerstin Lindblad-Toh
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KT); (KLT)
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Nezafat Namini S, Turner R, Horgan K, Achuthan R, Dickinson P. Retrospective Analysis of Management of Phyllodes Tumours. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2016.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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37
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Murray P, Spencer K, Dickinson P, Snee M, Jain P, Clarke K, Franks K. EP-1254: Updated outcomes for patients treated with SABR for lung cancer at the Leeds Cancer Centre. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32504-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Leung P, Le Moan N, Getz J, Ng S, Bedard C, Davis T, Liang C, Davis A, Serwer L, Tanaka K, Keating T, Yan F, Winger J, Sturges B, Guerrero T, Dickinson P, Kent M, Cary S, Krtolica A. ATPS-49RESULTS OF A PHASE 0 CLINICAL TRIAL IN CANINE BRAIN CANCER EVALUATING SAFETY AND ACTIVITY OF OMX-4.80P, A PROTEIN OXYGEN CARRIER IND CANDIDATE FOR TREATMENT OF GLIOBLASTOMA. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov204.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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39
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Krtolica A, Le Moan N, Getz J, Davis T, Ng S, Bedard C, Davis A, Leung P, Serwer L, Tanaka K, Keating T, Yan F, Guerrero T, Kent M, Dickinson P, Winger J, Cary SPL. Abstract 3003: OMX-4.80P, a novel H-NOX oxygen carrier that oxygenates hypoxic tumors in multiple tumor models and canine cancer patients, downregulates HIF-1 pathway and increases response to radiation therapy leading to cures. Mol Cell Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-3003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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40
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Dickinson P, Dickinson E, Harmon K, Qu X, Johnson A, Ellers O. Mechanisms of Sensory Feedback and Interactions with Neuromodulators in a Rhythmic Pattern Generator. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.841.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Dickinson
- Biol / Neurosci Bowdoin CollegeUnited States
| | - E Dickinson
- Biol / Neurosci Bowdoin CollegeUnited States
| | - K Harmon
- Biol / Neurosci Bowdoin CollegeUnited States
| | - X Qu
- Biol / Neurosci Bowdoin CollegeUnited States
| | - A Johnson
- Biol / Neurosci Bowdoin CollegeUnited States
| | - O Ellers
- Biol / Neurosci Bowdoin CollegeUnited States
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41
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Keller L, Christie A, Dickinson P. Neuromodulator Permeability of a Ganglionic Sheath in the Lobster,
Homarus americanus. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.686.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Keller
- NeuroscienceBowdoin CollegeBrunswickMEUnited States
| | - A Christie
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center University of Hawaii at MānoaHonoluluHawaiiUnited States
| | - P Dickinson
- NeuroscienceBowdoin CollegeBrunswickMEUnited States
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42
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Vernau K, Napoli E, Wong S, Ross-Inta C, Cameron J, Bannasch D, Bollen A, Dickinson P, Giulivi C. Thiamine Deficiency-Mediated Brain Mitochondrial Pathology in Alaskan Huskies with Mutation in SLC19A3.1. Brain Pathol 2014; 25:441-53. [PMID: 25117056 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alaskan Husky encephalopathy (AHE(1) ) is a fatal brain disease associated with a mutation in SLC19A3.1 (c.624insTTGC, c.625C>A). This gene encodes for a thiamine transporter 2 with a predominately (CNS) central nervous system distribution. Considering that brain is particularly vulnerable to thiamine deficiency because of its reliance on thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)-dependent metabolic pathways involved in energy metabolism and neurotransmitter synthesis, we characterized the impact of this mutation on thiamine status, brain bioenergetics and the contribution of oxidative stress to this phenotype. In silico modeling of the mutated transporter indicated a significant loss of alpha-helices resulting in a more open protein structure suggesting an impaired thiamine transport ability. The cerebral cortex and thalamus of affected dogs were severely deficient in TPP-dependent enzymes accompanied by decreases in mitochondrial mass and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity, and increases in oxidative stress. These results along with the behavioral and pathological findings indicate that the phenotype associated with AHE is consistent with a brain-specific thiamine deficiency, leading to brain mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress. While some of the biochemical deficits, neurobehavior and affected brain areas in AHE were shared by Wernicke's and Korsakoff's syndromes, several differences were noted likely arising from a tissue-specific vs. that from a whole-body thiamine deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Vernau
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eleonora Napoli
- Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Wong
- Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine Ross-Inta
- Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessie Cameron
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danika Bannasch
- Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Andrew Bollen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco
| | - Peter Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cecilia Giulivi
- Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, Sacramento, CA
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Kleinhappel TK, Al-Zoubi A, Al-Diri B, Burman O, Dickinson P, John L, Wilkinson A, Pike TW. A method for the automated long-term monitoring of three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus shoal dynamics. J Fish Biol 2014; 84:1228-1233. [PMID: 24588757 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes and evaluates a flexible, non-invasive tagging system for the automated identification and long-term monitoring of individual three-spined sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus. The system is based on barcoded tags, which can be reliably and robustly detected and decoded to provide information on an individual's identity and location. Because large numbers of fish can be individually tagged, it can be used to monitor individual- and group-level dynamics within fish shoals.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Kleinhappel
- School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, LN2 2LG, U.K
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Noho-Konteh F, Adetifa J, Cox M, Forster T, Drammeh A, Njie-Jobe J, Jeffries D, Plebanski M, Ghazal P, Dickinson P, Whittle H, Rowland-Jones S, Sutherland J, Flanagan K. Sex differences in immune responses to vaccines. Int J Infect Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.03.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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45
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Dickinson P, Malik J, Sivanandan A, Slevin F, Elliott T. Early Cessation of Docetaxel Chemotherapy may Compromise Survival Benefit in Advanced Prostate Cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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46
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Choudhury A, Dickinson P, Stratford J, Ryder D, Walshaw RC, Mayes S, Logue JP, Wylie J, Coyle C, Livsey JE, Tran A, Alam NS, Elliot T, Rowbottom C, Faivre-Finn C, Boylan C. Simultaneous cone beam CT scanning during prostate radiotherapy to produce clinically useful images. J Clin Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.32.4_suppl.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
220 Background: Cone beam CT (CBCT) images can be acquired during delivery of rotational radiotherapy. We assessed the quality of simultaneous CBCTs captured during prostate radiotherapy and studied the effects of arc delivery time on image quality. Methods: Fifty patients with localised prostate cancer were treated with radical rotational radiotherapy. Treatment was delivered using a single eight or 10 MV arc on an Elekta Synergy linear accelerator. Standard (stCBCT) and simultaneous CBCTs (siCBCT) were captured on fractions 1, 6, 11, and 16. The siCBCT image was reconstructed and optimised using in-house software. The image quality was assessed by four observers using a validated scoring tool. The scoring clinician was blinded to whether the scan was stCBCT or siCBCT. Results: Seventy-four siCBCT scans were performed with a mean arc delivery time of 120 seconds during which 688 CBCT frames were acquired. Following a software upgrade the subsequent 122 siCBCTs were obtained with a mean arc delivery time of 83 seconds during which 502 CBCT frames were acquired. There was moderate agreement between the four observers regarding the quality of the CBCTs (Fleiss’ kappa statistic 0.51). StCBCTs were of good quality and the four observers agreed that 98 to 100% of these scans were of sufficient quality to be used to make a clinical decision. The four observers assessed that 35 to 79% of siCBCTs were of sufficient quality to be used to make clinical decisions. Before the software upgrade 65 to 93% of siCBCTs were judged to be of sufficient quality to make a clinical decision ("slow" simultaneous CBCT). Following the software upgrade this proportion fell to 16 to 69% ("fast" simultaneous CBCT). Conclusions: SiCBCT can produce images which are clinically useful. Image quality is affected by bowel gas, patient habitus and scatter from the MV beam. Reducing arc delivery time and the number of CBCT frames acquired by approximately one-third reduces the quality of siCBCTs. Further development and refinement of siCBCT scanning is warranted. Future reductions in arc delivery times may have to be limited if the use of siCBCT scanning becomes standard practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Choudhury
- The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Dickinson
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Stratford
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David Ryder
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sam Mayes
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - James Wylie
- The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Coyle
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anna Tran
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tony Elliot
- The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Carl Rowbottom
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Corinne Faivre-Finn
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Dhadda AS, Bessell EM, Scholefield J, Dickinson P, Zaitoun AM. Mandard tumour regression grade, perineural invasion, circumferential resection margin and post-chemoradiation nodal status strongly predict outcome in locally advanced rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2014; 26:197-202. [PMID: 24485884 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The pathology of tumours after chemo/radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer can be difficult to interpret. The ypTNM staging does not accurately predict outcomes. Therefore, we developed a new prognostic index for this purpose. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Nottingham Rectal Cancer Prognostic Index (NRPI) is based on a study of 158 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemo/radiotherapy at Nottingham University Hospital between April 2001 and December 2008. Patients were treated with radiotherapy to a dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks with/without concurrent capecitabine chemotherapy. Surgery was carried out after an interval of 6-10 weeks. Factors found to be significant on univariate analysis to predict for disease-free (DFS) and overall survival were further explored in multivariate analysis. The significant factors (Mandard tumour regression grade, perineural invasion, circumferential resection margin status and nodal status) were weighted to establish a score for the index. The median follow-up was 40 months (range 3-90 months). RESULTS On survival analysis, four distinct prognostic groups were found: Score 0 = excellent prognosis, 1-3 = good prognosis, 4-8 = moderate prognosis, 9-14 = poor prognosis. The NRPI significantly predicted both DFS and overall survival (P < 0.0001). DFS at 5 years was 95, 63, 25 and 0% for the four groups. On multivariate analysis the NRPI was found to be the strongest predictor of DFS including nodal and circumferential resection margin status (P < 0.0001). It was a stronger predictor of overall survival than the American Joint Committee on Cancer/Dukes staging (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The NRPI allocates patients into distinct prognostic categories. This seems to be a much stronger predictive factor than the American Joint Committee on Cancer/Dukes staging. This requires further validation, but seems to be a useful clinical index for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Dhadda
- Queen's Centre for Oncology and Haematology, Castle Hill Hospital, Hull, UK.
| | - E M Bessell
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - J Scholefield
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - P Dickinson
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - A M Zaitoun
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
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Choudhury A, Agarwal A, Swindell R, Logue J, Elliott P, Dickinson P, Livsey J, Wylie J, Walshaw R. EP-1332: Patient-reported outcomes with a validated LENT-SOMA questionnaire for radiotherapy following prostatectomy. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)31450-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Debinski W, Dickinson P, Rossmeisl JH, Robertson J, Gibo DM. New agents for targeting of IL-13RA2 expressed in primary human and canine brain tumors. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77719. [PMID: 24147065 PMCID: PMC3797726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 13 receptor alpha 2 (IL-13RA2) is over-expressed in a vast majority of human patients with high-grade astrocytomas like glioblastoma. Spontaneous astrocytomas in dogs resemble human disease and have been proposed as translational model system for investigation of novel therapeutic strategies for brain tumors. We have generated reagents for both detection and therapeutic targeting of IL-13RA2 in human and canine brain tumors. Peptides from three different regions of IL-13RA2 with 100% sequence identity between human and canine receptors were used as immunogens for generation of monoclonal antibodies. Recombinant canine mutant IL-13 (canIL-13.E13K) and canIL-13.E13K based cytotoxin were also produced. The antibodies were examined for their immunoreactivities in western blots, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and cell binding assays using human and canine tumor specimen sections, tissue lysates and established cell lines; the cytotoxin was tested for specific cell killing. Several isolated MAbs were immunoreactive to IL-13RA2 in western blots of cell and tissue lysates from glioblastomas from both human and canine patients. Human and canine astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas were also positive for IL-13RA2 to various degrees. Interestingly, both human and canine meningiomas also exhibited strong reactivity. Normal human and canine brain samples were virtually negative for IL-13RA2 using the newly generated MAbs. MAb 1E10B9 uniquely worked on tissue specimens and western blots, bound live cells and was internalized in GBM cells over-expressing IL-13RA2. The canIL-13.E13K cytotoxin was very potent and specific in killing canine GBM cell lines. Thus, we have obtained several monoclonal antibodies against IL-13RA2 cross-reacting with human and canine receptors. In addition to GBM, other brain tumors, such as high grade oligodendrogliomas, meningiomas and canine choroid plexus papillomas, appear to express the receptor at high levels and thus may be appropriate candidates for IL-13RA2-targeted imaging/therapies. Canine spontaneous primary brain tumors represent an excellent translational model for human counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar Debinski
- The Brain Tumor Center of Excellence, Thomas K. Hearn Brain Tumor Research Center, Departments of Neurosurgery, Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Peter Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - John H. Rossmeisl
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - John Robertson
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Denise M. Gibo
- The Brain Tumor Center of Excellence, Thomas K. Hearn Brain Tumor Research Center, Departments of Neurosurgery, Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
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Abdel-Fatah TMA, Perry C, Dickinson P, Ball G, Moseley P, Madhusudan S, Ellis IO, Chan SYT. Bcl2 is an independent prognostic marker of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and predicts response to anthracycline combination (ATC) chemotherapy (CT) in adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:2801-7. [PMID: 23908177 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TNBC represents a heterogeneous subgroup of BC with poor prognosis and frequently resistant to CT. MATERIAL AND METHODS The relationship between Bcl2 immunohistochemical protein expression and clinico-pathological outcomes was assessed in 736 TNBC-patients: 635 patients had early primary-TNBC (EP-TNBC) and 101 had primary locally advanced (PLA)-TNBC treated with neo-adjuvant- ATC-CT. RESULTS Negative Bcl2 (Bcl2-) was observed in 70% of EP-TNBC and was significantly associated with high proliferation, high levels of P-Cadherin, E-Cadherin and HER3 (P's < 0.01), while Bcl2+ was significantly associated with high levels of p27, MDM4 and SPAG5 (P < 0.01). After controlling for chemotherapy and other prognostic factors, Bcl2- was associated with 2-fold increased risk of death (P = 0.006) and recurrence (P = 0.0004). Furthermore, the prognosis of EP-TNBC/Bcl2- patients had improved both BC-specific survival (P = 0.002) and disease-free survival (P = 0.003), if they received adjuvant-ATC-CT. Moreover, Bcl2- expression was an independent predictor of pathological complete response of primary locally advanced triple negative breast cancer (PLA-TNBC) treated with neoadjuvant-ATC-CT (P = 0.008). CONCLUSION Adding Bcl2 to the panel of markers used in current clinical practice could provide both prognostic and predictive information in TNBC. TNBC/Bcl2- patients appear to benefit from ATC-CT, whereas Bcl2+ TNBC seems to be resistant to ATC-CT and may benefit from a trial of different type of chemotherapy with/without novel-targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M A Abdel-Fatah
- Clinical Oncology Department, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham
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