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Hipps D, Dobson PF, Warren C, McDonald D, Fuller A, Filby A, Bulmer D, Laude A, Russell O, Deehan DJ, Turnbull DM, Lawless C. Detecting respiratory chain defects in osteoblasts from osteoarthritic patients using imaging mass cytometry. Bone 2022; 158:116371. [PMID: 35192969 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease which is characterised by reduced bone mass and microarchitecture, with a subsequent loss of strength that predisposes to fragility and risk of fractures. The pathogenesis of falling bone mineral density, ultimately leading to a diagnosis of osteoporosis is incompletely understood but the disease is currently thought to be multifactorial. Humans are known to accumulate mitochondrial mutations and respiratory chain deficiency with age and mounting evidence suggests that this may indeed be the overarching cause intrinsic to the changing phenotype in advancing age and age-related disease. Mitochondrial mutations are detectable from the age of about 30 years onwards. Mitochondria contain their own genome which encodes 13 essential mitochondrial proteins and accumulates somatic variants at up to 10 times the rate of the nuclear genome. Once the concentration of any pathogenic mitochondrial genome variant exceeds a threshold, respiratory chain deficiency and cellular dysfunction occur. The PolgD257A/D257A mouse model is a knock-in mutant that expresses a proof-reading-deficient version of PolgA, a nuclear encoded subunit of mtDNA polymerase. These mice are a useful model of age-related accumulation of mtDNA mutations in humans since their defective proof-reading mechanism leads to a mitochondrial DNA mutation rate 3-5 times higher than in wild-type mice. These mice showed enhanced levels of age-related osteoporosis along with respiratory chain deficiency in osteoblasts. To explore whether respiratory chain deficiency is also seen in human osteoblasts, we developed a protocol and analysis framework for imaging mass cytometry in bone tissue sections to analyse osteoblasts in situ. By comparing bone tissue sampled at one timepoint from femoral neck of 10 older healthy volunteers aged 40-85 with samples from young patients aged 1-19, we have identified complex I defect in osteoblasts from 6 out of 10 older volunteers, complex II defect in 2 out of 10 older volunteers, complex IV defect in 1 out of 10 older volunteers and complex V defect in 4 out of 10 older volunteers. These observations are consistent with findings from the PolgD257A/D257A mouse model and suggest that respiratory chain deficiency, as a consequence of the accumulation of age-related pathogenic mitochondrial DNA mutations, may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of human age-related osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hipps
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.
| | - Philip F Dobson
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.
| | - Charlotte Warren
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - David McDonald
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Andrew Fuller
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Andrew Filby
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - David Bulmer
- Bioimaging Unit, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Alex Laude
- Bioimaging Unit, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Oliver Russell
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - David J Deehan
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.
| | - Doug M Turnbull
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Conor Lawless
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
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Abstract
Rates of peri-prosthetic joint infection (PJI) in primary total hip and total knee arthroplasty range between 0.3% and 1.9%, and up to 10% in revision cases. Significant morbidity is associated with this devastating complication, the economic burden on our healthcare system is considerable, and the personal cost to the affected patient is immeasurable. The risk of surgical site infection (SSI) and PJI is related to surgical factors and patient factors such as age, body mass index (BMI), co-morbidities, and lifestyle. Reducing the risk of SSI in primary hip and knee arthroplasty requires a multi-faceted strategy including pre-operative patient bacterial decolonization, screening and avoidance of anaemia, peri-operative patient warming, skin antisepsis, povidone-iodine wound lavage, and anti-bacterial coated sutures. This article also considers newer concepts such as the influence of bearing surfaces on infection risk, as well as current controversies such as the potential effects of blood transfusion, laminar flow, and protective hoods and suits, on infection risk.
Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:604-613. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.200004
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip F Dobson
- Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK
| | - Michael R Reed
- Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, UK
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Dobson PF, Rocha MC, Grady JP, Chrysostomou A, Hipps D, Watson S, Greaves LC, Deehan DJ, Turnbull DM. Unique quadruple immunofluorescence assay demonstrates mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction in osteoblasts of aged and PolgA(-/-) mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31907. [PMID: 27553587 PMCID: PMC4995399 DOI: 10.1038/srep31907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fragility fractures caused by osteoporosis affect millions of people worldwide every year with significant levels of associated morbidity, mortality and costs to the healthcare economy. The pathogenesis of declining bone mineral density is poorly understood but it is inherently related to increasing age. Growing evidence in recent years, especially that provided by mouse models, suggest that accumulating somatic mitochondrial DNA mutations may cause the phenotypic changes associated with the ageing process including osteoporosis. Methods to study mitochondrial abnormalities in individual osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes are limited and impair our ability to assess the changes seen with age and in animal models of ageing. To enable the assessment of mitochondrial protein levels, we have developed a quadruple immunofluorescence method to accurately quantify the presence of mitochondrial respiratory chain components within individual bone cells. We have applied this technique to a well-established mouse model of ageing and osteoporosis and show respiratory chain deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip F Dobson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Mariana C Rocha
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - John P Grady
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Alexia Chrysostomou
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Hipps
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Watson
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, Medical School, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Laura C Greaves
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.,MRC/BBSRC Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - David J Deehan
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Doug M Turnbull
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.,MRC/BBSRC Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
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Rocha MC, Grady JP, Grünewald A, Vincent A, Dobson PF, Taylor RW, Turnbull DM, Rygiel KA. A novel immunofluorescent assay to investigate oxidative phosphorylation deficiency in mitochondrial myopathy: understanding mechanisms and improving diagnosis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15037. [PMID: 26469001 PMCID: PMC4606788 DOI: 10.1038/srep15037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative phosphorylation defects in human tissues are often challenging to quantify due to a mosaic pattern of deficiency. Biochemical assays are difficult to interpret due to the varying enzyme deficiency levels found in individual cells. Histochemical analysis allows semi-quantitative assessment of complex II and complex IV activities, but there is no validated histochemical assay to assess complex I activity which is frequently affected in mitochondrial pathology. To help improve the diagnosis of mitochondrial disease and to study the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial abnormalities in disease, we have developed a quadruple immunofluorescent technique enabling the quantification of key respiratory chain subunits of complexes I and IV, together with an indicator of mitochondrial mass and a cell membrane marker. This assay gives precise and objective quantification of protein abundance in large numbers of individual muscle fibres. By assessing muscle biopsies from subjects with a range of different mitochondrial genetic defects we have demonstrated that specific genotypes exhibit distinct biochemical signatures in muscle, providing evidence for the diagnostic use of the technique, as well as insight into the underlying molecular pathology. Stringent testing for reproducibility and sensitivity confirms the potential value of the technique for mechanistic studies of disease and in the evaluation of therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana C Rocha
- Newcastle University Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - John P Grady
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Vincent
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Philip F Dobson
- Newcastle University Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Doug M Turnbull
- Newcastle University Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Karolina A Rygiel
- Newcastle University Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Shields DW, Dobson PF, Webb M, DeGheldere A. Paediatric diaphyseal forearm fractures – Treatment modalities and outcome. Int J Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2013.06.698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Dobson PF, Purushothaman B, Michla Y, England S, Krishnan MK, Tourret L. Delayed ulnar nerve palsy secondary to ulnar artery pseudoaneurysm distal to Guyon's canal following penetrating trauma to the hand. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2013; 95:e75-6. [PMID: 23838486 DOI: 10.1308/003588413x13511609955850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Compression of the ulnar nerve in Guyon's canal is an uncommon phenomenon. Reports of ulnar nerve palsy secondary to ulnar artery pseudoaneurysm at this anatomical location are very rare and equivalent pathology just distal to this site is unheard of. Here we present such a case, which featured a delayed onset of symptoms. This followed penetrating trauma to the hand. Our methods for diagnosis, operative planning and surgical treatment are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F Dobson
- City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
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