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Feng XL, Lu YB, Yang D, Xue Q, Zhang JL, Lin CR, Gan P, Zhang WH, Guang XF, Dai HL. [Classification, diagnosis and treatment status of pulmonary hypertension from 2012 to 2019: a single center study in Yunnan province]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2023; 51:1188-1193. [PMID: 37963755 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20230919-00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the classification, diagnosis and treatment status of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) in Yunnan province. Methods: This was a retrospective study. Hospitalized patients with PH at Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2012 to December 2019 were enrolled. The clinical data of enrolled patients, including demographic data, comorbidities, targeted drug therapy, echocardiography and right heart catheterization results, were obtained through the electronic medical record system. The composition ratio of PH, diagnosis and treatment were analyzed. Results: A total of 13 590 patients with PH were enrolled, accounting for 3.09% (13 590/440 056) of the total number of hospitalizations during the same period. The composition of PH was predominantly pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) (55.50% (7 542/13 590)), followed by pulmonary hypertension (PH) caused by left heart disease (24.16% (3 284/13 590)). Among them, PAH could be subdivided into four types: idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), PAH associated with connective tissue disease, PAH associated with portal hypertension, and PAH associated with congenital heart disease (CHD-PAH), with CHD-PAH as the predominating type (98.09% (7 398/7 542). Patients with PAH were predominantly adolescents. In hospitalized patients with PH, from 2012 to 2019, the proportion of children and adolescents showed a decreasing trend from year to year, and the proportion of middle-aged and older adults showed a significant increasing trend, and the proportion of female patients showed a gradual decreasing trend, and the proportion of patients with comorbid hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, arrhythmia, and pneumonia showed an increasing trend. A total of 1 034 patients (7.61% (1 034/13 590)) underwent right heart catheterization. The concordance rate between echocardiographic and right heart catheterization findings was (86.98% (875/1 006)). A total of 2 574 (18.94%) of PH patients were treated with PAH targeted drugs, of which 58.16% (1 497/2 574) were treated with monotherapy. Among the PH patients treated with PAH targeted drugs, the majority of patients were PAH patients (86.44% (2 225/2 574)), and 83.53% (2 150/2 574) patients treated with PAH targeted drugs were CHD-PAH. Conclusions: Hospitalized PH patients in our center between 2012 and 2019 are predominantly CHD-PAH, and the proportion of patients receiving right heart catheterization and targeted drug therapy is relatively low. The percentage of middle-aged and elderly PH patients shows an increasing trend from year to year, as well as the percentage of those with concomitant comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Clinical Medicine Center and Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650051, China
| | - Y B Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Clinical Medicine Center and Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650051, China
| | - D Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Clinical Medicine Center and Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650051, China
| | - Q Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Clinical Medicine Center and Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650051, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Clinical Medicine Center and Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650051, China
| | - C R Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Clinical Medicine Center and Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650051, China
| | - P Gan
- Department of Cardiology, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Clinical Medicine Center and Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650051, China
| | - W H Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Clinical Medicine Center and Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650051, China
| | - X F Guang
- Department of Cardiology, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Clinical Medicine Center and Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650051, China
| | - H L Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Clinical Medicine Center and Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650051, China
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Doole EL, Gan P, Klein O. A rare case of solitary gallbladder metastasis from an early cutaneous melanoma. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e04908. [PMID: 34703598 PMCID: PMC8521313 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Solitary gallbladder metastasis from melanoma is a rare phenomenon, in this case manifesting as biliary symptoms during and following pregnancy. It is important to consider uncommon causes of biliary symptoms to aid in prompt diagnosis and treatment. This patient was successfully treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy and adjuvant immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Louise Doole
- Department of General SurgeryWarrnambool Base HospitalSouth West HealthcareWarrnamboolVictoriaAustralia
| | - Philip Gan
- Department of General SurgeryWarrnambool Base HospitalSouth West HealthcareWarrnamboolVictoriaAustralia
| | - Oliver Klein
- Olivia Newton‐John‐Cancer Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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Abstract
Background: Postoperative pain is one of the most common reasons for prolonged hospital stay with opioid analgesia the mainstay of treatment. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the degree of abdominal trauma, reflected by the number and sizes of ports used in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy, correlated against opioid analgesia requirements and length of stay. Methods: A retrospective clinical audit was undertaken of 144 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomies with 3-port (12/5/5) and 4-port approaches (12/5/5/5 and 12/10/5/5). In the reduced port cases, liver retraction was achieved using a suction retractor, removing the requirement for a fourth port. The number of ports and total cross-sectional area of all ports were compared against the procedure time, length of stay, and opioid analgesia required. Results: The smaller total cross-sectional area associated with the 3-port approach (12/5/5, 277.25 mm2) resulted in significantly lower total oral morphine equivalent daily dose required compared to 12/10/5/5 (453.96 mm2) and 12/5/5/5 (327.52 mm2) approaches, being 30.7 mg and 21.0 mg less, respectively (p < 0.001). The 3-port approach had a mean length of stay 0.8 days which was significantly shorter compared to both 4-port approaches (p = 0.001, length of stay of 1.1 and 1.2 days for 12/5/5/5 and 12/10/5/5, respectively). Laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients in the study hospitals routinely stayed overnight. Conclusions: The absolute number of ports used in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomies appears to play an important role in postoperative recovery. In particular, 3-port configurations may result in less postoperative pain without the burden of an increase in length of stay, morbidity, or mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Chiung Ta Lu
- Department of General Surgery, South West Healthcare, Victoria, Australia (Drs Lu and Gan)
| | - Philip Gan
- Department of General Surgery, South West Healthcare, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vincent Versace
- Deakin Rural Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (Dr Versace)
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Biju RD, O’ Sullivan J, Thomas A, Gan P, Muthu T. A rare case of intralesional haemorrhage of a benign aqueductal cyst after CSF diversion treatment. A case report and review of literature. Br J Neurosurg 2020:1-5. [DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2020.1742295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. D. Biju
- Department of Neurosurgery, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - J. O’ Sullivan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - A. Thomas
- Department of Radiology, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - P. Gan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - T. Muthu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Gan P, Tsushima A, Hiroyama R, Narusaka M, Takano Y, Narusaka Y, Kawaradani M, Damm U, Shirasu K. Colletotrichum shisoi sp. nov., an anthracnose pathogen of Perilla frutescens in Japan: molecular phylogenetic, morphological and genomic evidence. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13349. [PMID: 31527702 PMCID: PMC6746953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Species of the fungal genus Colletotrichum are among the most devastating pathogens of agricultural crops in the world. Based on DNA sequence data (ITS, GAPDH, CHS-1, ACT, TUB2) and morphology, we revealed Colletotrichum isolates infecting the oil crop Perilla frutescens, commonly known as shiso, to represent a previously unknown species of the C. destructivum species complex and described it as C. shisoi. We found that C. shisoi appears to be able to adopt a hemibiotrophic lifestyle, characterised by the formation of biotrophic hyphae followed by severe necrotic lesions on P. frutescens, but is less virulent on Arabidopsis, compared to its close relative C. higginsianum which also belongs to the C. destructivum species complex. The genome of C. shisoi was sequenced, annotated and its predicted proteome compared with four other Colletotrichum species. The predicted proteomes of C. shisoi and C. higginsianum, share many candidate effectors, which are small, secreted proteins that may contribute to infection. Interestingly, C. destructivum species complex-specific secreted proteins showed evidence of increased diversifying selection which may be related to their host specificities.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - A Tsushima
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.,Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Hiroyama
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - M Narusaka
- Research Institute for Biological Sciences, Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Takano
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Narusaka
- Research Institute for Biological Sciences, Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Okayama, Japan
| | - M Kawaradani
- Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka, Japan
| | - U Damm
- Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, 02806, Görlitz, Germany
| | - K Shirasu
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. .,Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Gan P, Tsushima A, Narusaka M, Narusaka Y, Takano Y, Kubo Y, Shirasu K. Genome Sequence Resources for Four Phytopathogenic Fungi from the Colletotrichum orbiculare Species Complex. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2019; 32:1088-1090. [PMID: 30893003 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-12-18-0352-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Colletotrichum orbiculare species complex fungi are hemibiotrophic plant pathogens that cause anthracnose of field crops and weeds. Members of this group have genomes that are remarkably expanded relative to other Colletotrichum fungi and compartmentalized into AT-rich, gene-poor and GC-rich, gene-rich regions. Here, we present an updated version of the C. orbiculare genome, as well as draft genomes of three other members from the C. orbiculare species complex: the alfalfa pathogen C. trifolii, the prickly mallow pathogen C. sidae, and the burweed pathogen C. spinosum. The data reported here will be important for comparative genomics analyses to identify factors that play a role in the evolution and maintenance of the expanded, compartmentalized genomes of these fungi, which may contribute to their pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - A Tsushima
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Narusaka
- Research Institute for Biological Sciences Okayama, Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Narusaka
- Research Institute for Biological Sciences Okayama, Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Takano
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Kubo
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Shirasu
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Li XH, Li K, Zhang H, Gan P, Luo HQ, Han ZQ, Mehmood K, Shahzad M. Epidemiological investigation and risk factors of Peste des petitis ruminants (PPR) in yaks (Bos grunniens) and cattle in five regions of China. Trop Biomed 2018; 35:736-743. [PMID: 33601760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the prevalence of Peste des petitis ruminants in yaks and cattle in poorly studied areas of China. A total of 1202 and 560 blood samples were collected from yaks and cattle, respectively and processed using a commercial ELISA kit. Multivariable logistic regression model was piloted to find the variables, potentially associated with exposure of PPR infection in yaks and cattle. Results indicated that the overall prevalence of PPR in yaks was 11.2%. A total 66 (11.8%) out of 560 were examined out to be positive to PPR in cattle in Jiangxi province. According to conditional stepwise logistic regression, region, age and gender were found to be the more influencing risk factors in yaks, while region and age were found to be the potential risk factors in cattle. The current results reported the prevalence and associated risk factors of PPR in bovine for the first time in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Li
- College of Animal Science, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325006, People's Republic of China
| | - K Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - H Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - P Gan
- Jiangxi Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330096, People's Republic of China
| | - H Q Luo
- College of Animal Science, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325006, People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Q Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, People's Republic of China
| | - K Mehmood
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
- 5University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100 Pakistan
| | - M Shahzad
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
- 5University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100 Pakistan
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8
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Chen CY, Gan P, How CH. Corrigendum: Approach to frailty in the elderly in primary care and the community. Singapore Med J 2018; 59:338. [DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2018074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Gan P, Narusaka M, Tsushima A, Narusaka Y, Takano Y, Shirasu K. Draft Genome Assembly of Colletotrichum chlorophyti, a Pathogen of Herbaceous Plants. Genome Announc 2017; 5:e01733-16. [PMID: 28280027 PMCID: PMC5347247 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.01733-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Colletotrichum chlorophyti is a fungal pathogen that infects various herbaceous plants, including crops such as legumes, tomato, and soybean. Here, we present the genome of C. chlorophyti NTL11, isolated from tomato. Analysis of this genome will allow a clearer understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying fungal host range and pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - M Narusaka
- Research Institute of Biological Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - A Tsushima
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Narusaka
- Research Institute of Biological Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Takano
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Shirasu
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Dai YG, Gan P, Li WM, Yao Q, Li Y, Pei B, Cui J. [Effects of tetrahydrobiopterin on the angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2016; 38:806-811. [PMID: 27998437 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) on the angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: BALB/c-nu mice were subcutaneously injected with HepG-2 cells and randomly divided into control and BH4 groups. The BH4 group and control group received 20 mg/kg BH4 or saline by intraperitoneal injection daily for two weeks, respectively. The level of BH4 was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the level of nitric oxide (NO) was measured by Griess test array, the transcriptional level of K-ras was measured by quantitative RT-PCR, and the protein expressions of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase Ⅰ(GTPCH), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), phospho-Akt and Akt were determined by Western blot. Results: BH4 level in the tumor tissues of BH4 group was (0.24±0.02) μg/ml, significantly higher than the (0.17±0.01) μg/ml in the control group (P<0.01). The level of NO in the tumor tissues of BH4 group was (51.44±2.90) mmol/L, significantly higher than the (24.77±0.54) mmol/L in the control group (P<0.01). The tumor volume of BH4 group was (191.05±8.70) mm3, significantly higher than the (103.10±5.03) mm3 in the control group (P<0.01). The expressions of CD34, K-ras, phospho-eNOS, phospho-Akt and GTPCH were significantly up-regulated in the tumor tissues of BH4 group when compared with those of the control group (P<0.01). Conclusions: BH4 recognized as an essential cofactor of eNOS can increase tumor-produced NO by activating the wild-type Ras-PI3K/Akt pathway, thus induces angiogenesis. This might provide a novel and promising way to control the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma through targeting BH4 synthesis pathway and inhibiting angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y G Dai
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, China
| | - P Gan
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, China
| | - W M Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Q Yao
- Yunnan Cancer Research Institute, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, China
| | - B Pei
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, China
| | - J Cui
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
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Abstract
Background All retractors for laparoscopic operations on the gallbladder or stomach apply an upward force to the under-surface of the liver or gallbladder, most requiring an additional skin incision. The LiVac laparoscopic liver retractor system (LiVac retractor) comprises a soft silicone ring attached to suction tubing and connected to a regulated source of suction. The suction tubing extends alongside existing ports. When placed between the liver and diaphragm, and suction applied, a vacuum is created within the ring, keeping these in apposition. Following successful proof-of-concept animal testing, a clinical study was conducted to evaluate the performance and safety of the retractor in patients. Methods The study was a dual-centre, single-surgeon, open-label study and recruited ten patients scheduled to undergo routine upper abdominal laparoscopic surgery including cholecystectomy, primary gastric banding surgery or fundoplication. The study was conducted at two sites and was approved by the institutions’ ethics committees. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the performance of the LiVac retractor in patients undergoing upper abdominal single- or multi-port laparoscopic surgery. Performance was measured by the attainment of milestones for the retractor and accessory bevel, where used, and safety outcomes through the recording of adverse events, physical parameters, pain scales, blood tests and a post-operative liver ultrasound. Results The LiVac retractor achieved both primary and secondary performance and safety objectives in all patients. No serious adverse events and no device-related adverse events or device deficiencies were reported. Conclusion The LiVac retractor achieved effective liver retraction without clinically significant trauma and has potential application in multi- or single-port laparoscopic upper abdominal surgery. As a separate incision is not required, the use of the LiVac retractor in multi-port surgery therefore reduces the number of incisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Gan
- St John of God Hospital, Suite 7, 136 Botanic Road, Warrnambool, VIC, 3280, Australia.
| | - Judy Bingham
- Easington Pty Ltd, P.O. Box 1201, Camberwell, VIC, 3124, Australia
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Sivarajah G, Gan P, Fischer S. Control of proximal gastric bleeding through transgastric insertion of laparoscopic ports. ANZ J Surg 2014; 85:989-90. [PMID: 24930479 DOI: 10.1111/ans.12724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gausihi Sivarajah
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip Gan
- Department of Surgery, South West Healthcare and St John of God Healthcare, Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen Fischer
- Department of Surgery, South West Healthcare and St John of God Healthcare, Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Retraction of either lobe of liver is required for surgical access to the respective organ. A novel liver retractor device and technique is described, which applies a vacuum between the liver and diaphragm to lift the liver, and which does not require additional incisions. METHODS A novel liver retractor was tested in two anesthetized sheep at incrementally higher levels of suction from -100 to -700 mmHg (-13 to -93 kPa), and any signs of trauma were recorded. The animals recovered for 5 days, then were humanely killed and postmortem examination of the liver and diaphragms performed. RESULTS Successful liver retraction was achieved from -200 to -600 mmHg (-27 to -80 kPa) suction. An imprint of the retractor was observed on the liver surface, but there was no breach of the liver serosa. Negligible ecchymoses were observed on the corresponding surface of the diaphragms. Both sheep recovered well after surgery. There was no macroscopic evidence of injury to the liver and diaphragm 5 days postoperatively. Histological examination revealed normal liver parenchyma deep to the site where the devices had been placed, and hemorrhagic changes within the serosa only varied between a few microns to a maximum of 1.4-mm depth. CONCLUSIONS The novel liver retractor described achieved an effective liver retraction without trauma. It has potential application in reduced or single-port laparoscopic upper abdominal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Gan
- St John of God Healthcare & Southwest Healthcare, Suite 7, 136 Botanic Road, Warrnambool, VIC, 3280, Australia,
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Abstract
Anarchic hand syndrome (AHS) is a rare disorder characterized by unwilled, but seemingly purposeful movements of the affected upper limb which are perceived by the patients not to be under their control. It often interferes with goal-directed movements and bimanual tasks. At present there is no effective method of treatment of AHS. We report here a case of AHS following resection of a frontal lobe tumor and describe its effects on the patient's functional activities. The patient used avoidance behavior and mental concentration to overcome the disabling effect of AHS. These strategies appear to be useful in the management of AHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M O Bakheit
- Moseley Hall Hospital, Alcester Road, Birmingham, UK.
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Li X, Gan P, Peng R, Huang C, Yu H. Determination of 23 Organophosphorous Pesticides in Surface Water Using SPME Followed by GC-MS. J Chromatogr Sci 2010; 48:183-7. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/48.3.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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16
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Fu D, Ng YK, Gan P, Ling EA. Permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery upregulates expression of cytokines and neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the spinal cord and urinary bladder in the adult rat. Neuroscience 2004; 125:819-31. [PMID: 15120843 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2003] [Revised: 01/18/2004] [Accepted: 02/04/2004] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The expression pattern of proinflammatory cytokines, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) in the spinal cord and the bladder in response to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was investigated. In this connection, the gene expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-6 in the lumbosacral spinal cord and the bladder as determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction was upregulated. In the spinal cord, the immunoreactivity of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta was mainly localized in the ventral horn motoneurons contralateral to MCAO. In the bladder, TNF-alpha was mainly expressed in the inflammatory cells. The expression of nNOS immunoreactivity as well as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) staining in the spinal cord and bladder was also markedly increased in response to MCAO. Furthermore, the temporal and spatial expression of nNOS paralleled that of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in the spinal cord. On the other hand, there was no noticeable change in gene expression and immunoreactivity of SP and CGRP. The present results have shown that cytokines and nNOS expression are elevated in areas far removed from the primary site of ischemic infarct, namely, the lumbosacral spinal cord and bladder. This together with some neuronal deaths maybe linked to the dysfunction of the latter in a clinical stroke. On the other hand, the apparent lack of SP and CGRP changes following MCAO suggests that the two neurotransmitters are not directly involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fu
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, MD10, 4 Medical Drive, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597
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17
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Gan P, Fan Y, Wang M. [Experiment of biodegradation of chlorobenzenes]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2001; 22:93-6. [PMID: 11507916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Four strains of microorganisms which were able to grow at the presence of 1,4-dichlorobenzene 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and hexachlorobenzene were isolated from the sludge collected from two different sites after incubating about 2 months. During the growth of the mixed microorganisims on chlorobenzenes, the accumulating consumption of oxygen, the microbial population curve and the concentration of released Cl- were investigated. The result showed that the mixed microorganisms were able to utilize 1,4-dichlorobenzen and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene as sole carbon source and energy source. The concentration of released Cl- may depend strongly on the activity of the living cells. The order in which the chlorobenzenes were readily degraded was 1,4-dichlorobenzenez[356.7 micrograms/(L.d)] > 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene[110.4 micrograms/(L.d)] > hexachlorobenzene[approximately 6 micrograms/(L.d)]. The number of the substituted chlorine on the chlorobenzenes directly resulted in the resistance to biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Acadamy of Sciences, Beijing 10085
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18
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Hu S, Gan P, Li J, Bi H. [The relationship between the mutation of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene 677C-->T and the diabetic microangiopathy]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 2001; 18:118-21. [PMID: 11295130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the mutation of methylenetetra- hydrofolate reductase gene 677C-->T and the diabetic microangiopathy(DMA) in diabetes mellitus(DM). METHODS A total of 168 subjects were divided into control group, DM group and DMA group(including diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy). PCR-restrictive fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) analysis was conducted to examine mutation, and then the frequency of mutation was statistically computed. RESULTS Markedly elevated mutation was observed in patients with diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy as compared with non-microangiopathy diabetes mellitus and normal people (20.8% vs 8.3% and 7.3%, P<0.01). The odds ratio of the TT genotype for DMA was 3.36, P<0.001. CONCLUSION It was found that the mutation of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene 677C-->T was an impressibility factor of diabetic microangiopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060 P. R. China. husheng
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Fitzpatrick
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Southern General Hospital NHS Trust, Glasgow G51 4TF
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Xiao X, Gan P, Yu M, Li J, Han Q. Effect of captopril on renal hemodynamics and renal prostaglandins in early type II diabetic patients with normo-or microalbuminuria. Chin Med Sci J 1996; 11:170-3. [PMID: 9387403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of captopril (CPT) on glomerular filtration rate (GFR), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), filtration fraction (FF), urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and daily urinary excretion of thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto- prostaglandin F1a (6-keto-PGF1a) in 29 normotensive non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) patients without clinically discernible nephropathy. Before treatment, urinary excretion 6-keto-PGF1a was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in 29 NIDDM patients compared with 25 health subjects matched for age and sex. The values of GFR and FF were significantly higher (P < 0.01 and P < 0.005, respectively) in NIDDM than in normal volunters, whereas ERPF was comparable in both groups. Meanwhile we observed that UAE of early NIDDM was increased before treatment. After CPT treatment, GFR, FF, UAE and urinary excretion of 6-keto-PGF1a were significantly reduce (all P < 0.005) compared with those of NIDDM before treatment. These data indicated that CPT is effective in lowering glomerular filtration pressure and ameliorating microalbuminuria in the normotensive early NIDDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Medical University, Wuhan
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