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Diaw SH, Borsche M, Streubel-Gallasch L, Dulovic-Mahlow M, Hermes J, Lenz I, Seibler P, Klein C, Brüggemann N, Vos M, Lohmann K. Characterization of the pathogenic α-Synuclein Variant V15A in Parkinson´s disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:148. [PMID: 37903765 PMCID: PMC10616187 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00584-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite being a major component of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, pathogenic variants in the gene encoding alpha-Synuclein (α-Syn) are rare. To date, only four missense variants in the SNCA gene, encoding α-Syn have unequivocally been shown to be disease-causing. We here describe a Parkinson´s disease patient with early cognitive decline carrying an as yet not fully characterized variant in SNCA (NM_001146055: c.44T > C, p.V15A). We used different cellular models, including stably transfected neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell cultures, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neuronal cultures, and generated a Drosophila model to elucidate the impact of the p.V15A variant on α-Syn function and aggregation properties compared to other known pathogenic variants. We demonstrate that p.V15A increased the aggregation potential of α-Syn and the levels of apoptotic markers, and impaired the mitochondrial network. Moreover, p.V15A affects the flying ability and survival of mutant flies. Thus, we provide supporting evidence for the pathogenicity of the p.V15A variant, suggesting its inclusion in genetic testing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Max Borsche
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | | | - Julia Hermes
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Insa Lenz
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Melissa Vos
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
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Knappe E, Rudolph F, Klein C, Seibler P. Cytokine Profiling in Human iPSC-Derived Dopaminergic Neuronal and Microglial Cultures. Cells 2023; 12:2535. [PMID: 37947613 PMCID: PMC10650774 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aside from the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, inflammation is a key component in the movement disorder Parkinson's disease (PD). Microglia activation as well as elevated cytokine levels were observed in the brains of PD patients, but the specific role of microglia in the disease process is unknown. Here, we generate human cellular models by differentiating iPSCs into dopaminergic neurons and microglia. We combine these cells in co-culture to perform cytokine profiling, representing the final functional outcome of various signaling pathways. For this, we used unstimulated conditions and treatment with inflammatory stressors. Importantly, only co-cultures but not the monocultures responded to IL-1β treatment suggesting co-culture-related crosstalk. Moreover, we identified the main types of released cytokines and chemokines in this model system and found a preference for the activation of the chemotaxis pathway in response to all treatments, which informs future studies on the cell-type-specific reaction to inflammatory stimulation. Finally, we detected protein level changes in PD risk factor GPNMB upon stress in microglia, further confirming the link between PD-associated genes and inflammation in human-derived cellular models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; (E.K.); (F.R.); (C.K.)
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Grossmann D, Malburg N, Glaß H, Weeren V, Sondermann V, Pfeiffer JF, Petters J, Lukas J, Seibler P, Klein C, Grünewald A, Hermann A. Mitochondria-Endoplasmic Reticulum Contact Sites Dynamics and Calcium Homeostasis Are Differentially Disrupted in PINK1-PD or PRKN-PD Neurons. Mov Disord 2023; 38:1822-1836. [PMID: 37449534 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is generally believed that the pathogenesis of PINK1/parkin-related Parkinson's disease (PD) is due to a disturbance in mitochondrial quality control. However, recent studies have found that PINK1 and Parkin play a significant role in mitochondrial calcium homeostasis and are involved in the regulation of mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contact sites (MERCSs). OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to perform an in-depth analysis of the role of MERCSs and impaired calcium homeostasis in PINK1/Parkin-linked PD. METHODS In our study, we used induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons from patients with PD with loss-of-function mutations in PINK1 or PRKN. We employed a split-GFP-based contact site sensor in combination with the calcium-sensitive dye Rhod-2 AM and applied Airyscan live-cell super-resolution microscopy to determine how MERCSs are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial calcium homeostasis. RESULTS Our results showed that thapsigargin-induced calcium stress leads to an increase of the abundance of narrow MERCSs in wild-type neurons. Intriguingly, calcium levels at the MERCSs remained stable, whereas the increased net calcium influx resulted in elevated mitochondrial calcium levels. However, PINK1-PD or PRKN-PD neurons showed an increased abundance of MERCSs at baseline, accompanied by an inability to further increase MERCSs upon thapsigargin-induced calcium stress. Consequently, calcium distribution at MERCSs and within mitochondria was disrupted. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated how the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria work together to cope with calcium stress in wild-type neurons. In addition, our results suggests that PRKN deficiency affects the dynamics and composition of MERCSs differently from PINK1 deficiency, resulting in differentially affected calcium homeostasis. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajana Grossmann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nina Malburg
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Hannes Glaß
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Veronika Weeren
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Verena Sondermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Julia F Pfeiffer
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Janine Petters
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jan Lukas
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany
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Aleknonytė-Resch M, Trinh J, Leonard H, Delcambre S, Leitão E, Lai D, Smajić S, Orr-Urtreger A, Thaler A, Blauwendraat C, Sharma A, Makarious MB, Kim JJ, Lake J, Rahmati P, Freitag-Wolf S, Seibler P, Foroud T, Singleton AB, Grünewald A, Kaiser F, Klein C, Krawczak M, Dempfle A. Genome-wide case-only analysis of gene-gene interactions with known Parkinson's disease risk variants reveals link between LRRK2 and SYT10. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:102. [PMID: 37386035 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of one genetic factor upon Parkinson's disease (PD) risk may be modified by other genetic factors. Such gene-gene interaction (G×G) could explain some of the 'missing heritability' of PD and the reduced penetrance of known PD risk variants. Using the largest single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype data set currently available for PD (18,688 patients), provided by the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium, we studied G×G with a case-only (CO) design. To this end, we paired each of 90 SNPs previously reported to be associated with PD with one of 7.8 million quality-controlled SNPs from a genome-wide panel. Support of any putative G×G interactions found was sought by the analysis of independent genotype-phenotype and experimental data. A total of 116 significant pairwise SNP genotype associations were identified in PD cases, pointing towards G×G. The most prominent associations involved a region on chromosome 12q containing SNP rs76904798, which is a non-coding variant of the LRRK2 gene. It yielded the lowest interaction p-value overall with SNP rs1007709 in the promoter region of the SYT10 gene (interaction OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.65-1.95, p = 2.7 × 10-43). SNPs around SYT10 were also associated with the age-at-onset of PD in an independent cohort of carriers of LRRK2 mutation p.G2019S. Moreover, SYT10 gene expression during neuronal development was found to differ between cells from affected and non-affected p.G2019S carriers. G×G interaction on PD risk, involving the LRRK2 and SYT10 gene regions, is biologically plausible owing to the known link between PD and LRRK2, its involvement in neural plasticity, and the contribution of SYT10 to the exocytosis of secretory vesicles in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milda Aleknonytė-Resch
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Computer Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Joanne Trinh
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hampton Leonard
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica International LLC, Glen Echo, MD, USA
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sylvie Delcambre
- Molecular and Functional Neurobiology Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Elsa Leitão
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dongbing Lai
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Semra Smajić
- Molecular and Functional Neurobiology Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Avi Orr-Urtreger
- Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Avner Thaler
- Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Cornelis Blauwendraat
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arunabh Sharma
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mary B Makarious
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UCL Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jonggeol Jeff Kim
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julie Lake
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pegah Rahmati
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sandra Freitag-Wolf
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andrew B Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
- Molecular and Functional Neurobiology Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Frank Kaiser
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Krawczak
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Astrid Dempfle
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
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Chemla A, Arena G, Saraiva C, Berenguer-Escuder C, Grossmann D, Grünewald A, Klein C, Seibler P, Schwamborn JC, Krüger R. Generation of two induced pluripotent stem cell lines and the corresponding isogenic controls from Parkinson’s disease patients carrying the heterozygous mutations c.1290A>G (p.T351A) or c.2067A>G (p.T610A) in the RHOT1 gene encoding Miro1. Stem Cell Res 2023; 69:103085. [PMID: 37003181 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary skin fibroblasts from two Parkinson's disease (PD) patients carrying distinct heterozygous mutations in the RHOT1 gene encoding Miro1, namely c.1290A > G (Miro1 p.T351A) and c.2067A > G (Miro1 p.T610A), were converted into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by episomal reprogramming. The corresponding isogenic gene-corrected lines have been generated using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Here, we provide a comprehensive characterization and quality assurance of both isogenic pairs, which will be used to study Miro1-related molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration in iPSC-derived neuronal models (e.g., midbrain dopaminergic neurons and astrocytes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Chemla
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Giuseppe Arena
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
| | - Claudia Saraiva
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Clara Berenguer-Escuder
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Dajana Grossmann
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht-Kossel", Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Molecular and Functional Neurobiology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jens C Schwamborn
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg; Parkinson Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg.
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Streubel-Gallasch L, Seibler P. Neuron-Derived Misfolded α-Synuclein in Blood: A Potential Biomarker for Parkinson's Disease? Mov Disord 2023; 38:385. [PMID: 36718670 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Rosenbohm A, Pott H, Thomsen M, Rafehi H, Kaya S, Szymczak S, Volk AE, Mueller K, Silveira I, Weishaupt JH, Tönnies H, Seibler P, Zschiedrich K, Schaake S, Westenberger A, Zühlke C, Depienne C, Trinh J, Ludolph AC, Klein C, Bahlo M, Lohmann K. Familial Cerebellar Ataxia and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/Frontotemporal Dementia with DAB1 and C9ORF72 Repeat Expansions: An 18-Year Study. Mov Disord 2022; 37:2427-2439. [PMID: 36148898 PMCID: PMC10900262 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coding and noncoding repeat expansions are an important cause of neurodegenerative diseases. OBJECTIVE This study determined the clinical and genetic features of a large German family that has been followed for almost 2 decades with an autosomal dominantly inherited spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) and independent co-occurrence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). METHODS We carried out clinical examinations and telephone interviews, reviewed medical records, and performed magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography scans of all available family members. Comprehensive genetic investigations included linkage analysis, short-read genome sequencing, long-read sequencing, repeat-primed polymerase chain reaction, and Southern blotting. RESULTS The family comprises 118 members across seven generations, 30 of whom were definitely and five possibly affected. In this family, two different pathogenic mutations were found, a heterozygous repeat expansion in C9ORF72 in four patients with ALS/FTD and a heterozygous repeat expansion in DAB1 in at least nine patients with SCA, leading to a diagnosis of DAB1-related ataxia (ATX-DAB1; SCA37). One patient was affected by ALS and SCA and carried both repeat expansions. The repeat in DAB1 had the same configuration but was larger than those previously described ([ATTTT]≈75 [ATTTC]≈40-100 [ATTTT]≈415 ). Clinical features in patients with SCA included spinocerebellar symptoms, sometimes accompanied by additional ophthalmoplegia, vertical nystagmus, tremor, sensory deficits, and dystonia. After several decades, some of these patients suffered from cognitive decline and one from additional nonprogressive lower motor neuron affection. CONCLUSION We demonstrate genetic and clinical findings during an 18-year period in a unique family carrying two different pathogenic repeat expansions, providing novel insights into their genotypic and phenotypic spectrums. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hendrik Pott
- Institute of NeurogeneticsUniversity of LübeckLübeckGermany
| | - Mirja Thomsen
- Institute of NeurogeneticsUniversity of LübeckLübeckGermany
| | - Haloom Rafehi
- Division of Population Health and ImmunityThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Sabine Kaya
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Hospital EssenEssenGermany
| | - Silke Szymczak
- Insitute of Medical Biometry and StatisticsUniversity of LübeckLübeckGermany
| | - Alexander E. Volk
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | | | - Isabel Silveira
- i3S‐Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Jochen H. Weishaupt
- Division of Neurodegeneration, Neurology DepartmentUniversity Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
| | - Holger Tönnies
- Institute of Human GeneticsChristian‐Albrechts‐UniversityKielGermany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of NeurogeneticsUniversity of LübeckLübeckGermany
| | | | - Susen Schaake
- Institute of NeurogeneticsUniversity of LübeckLübeckGermany
| | | | | | | | - Joanne Trinh
- Institute of NeurogeneticsUniversity of LübeckLübeckGermany
| | - Albert C. Ludolph
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of UlmUlmGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Site UlmUlmGermany
| | | | - Melanie Bahlo
- Division of Population Health and ImmunityThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of NeurogeneticsUniversity of LübeckLübeckGermany
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Seibler P, Rakovic A. Patient-derived cells – an irreplaceable tool for research of reduced penetrance in movement disorders. MED GENET-BERLIN 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/medgen-2022-2133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Movement disorders comprise a clinically, pathologically, and genetically heterogeneous group of diseases associated with the phenomenon of reduced penetrance. Penetrance refers to the likelihood that a clinical condition will occur when a particular genotype is present. Elucidating the cause of reduced penetrance may contribute to more personalized medicine by identifying genetic factors that may prevent individuals from developing disease. Therefore, patient material becomes an irreplaceable resource in this approach. It is needed to identify genetic modifiers of the disease in the first place and to subsequently elucidate underlying mechanisms in endogenous human cell models that provide the entire genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics , University of Lübeck , Lübeck , Germany
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Bottigliengo D, Foco L, Seibler P, Klein C, König IR, Del Greco M F. A Mendelian randomization study investigating the causal role of inflammation on Parkinson’s disease. Brain 2022; 145:3444-3453. [PMID: 35656776 PMCID: PMC9586538 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence for inflammation as a determinant in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease, but its role in parkinsonian neurodegeneration remains elusive. It is not clear whether inflammatory cascades are causes or consequences of dopamine neuron death. In the present study, we aim to perform an in-depth statistical investigation of the causal relationship between inflammation and Parkinson’s disease using a two-sample Mendelian randomization design. Genetic instruments were selected using summary-level data from the largest genome-wide association studies to date (sample size ranging from 13 955 to 204 402 individuals) conducted on a European population for the following inflammation biomarkers: C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist and tumour necrosis factor α. Genetic association data on Parkinson’s disease (56 306 cases and 1 417 791 controls) and age at onset of Parkinson’s disease (28 568 cases) were obtained from the International Parkinson’s Disease Genomics Consortium. On primary analysis, causal associations were estimated on sets of strong (P-value < 5 × 10−8; F-statistic > 10) and independent (linkage disequilibrium r2 < 0.001) genetic instruments using the inverse-variance weighted method. In sensitivity analysis, we estimated causal effects using robust Mendelian randomization methods and after removing pleiotropic genetic variants. Reverse causation was also explored. We repeated the analysis on different data sources for inflammatory biomarkers to check the consistency of the findings. In all the three data sources selected for interleukin-6, we found statistical evidence for an earlier age at onset of Parkinson’s disease associated with increased interleukin-6 concentration [years difference per 1 log-unit increase = −2.364, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −4.789–0.060; years difference per 1 log-unit increase = −2.011, 95% CI = −3.706 to −0.317; years difference per 1 log-unit increase = −1.569, 95% CI = −2.891 to −0.247]. We did not observe any statistical evidence for causal effects of C-reactive protein, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist and tumour necrosis factor α on both Parkinson’s disease and its age at onset. Results after excluding possible pleiotropic genetic variants were consistent with findings from primary analyses. When investigating reverse causation, we did not find evidence for a causal effect of Parkinson’s disease or age at onset on any biomarkers of inflammation. We found evidence for a causal association between the onset of Parkinson’s disease and interleukin-6. The findings of this study suggest that the pro-inflammatory activity of the interleukin-6 cytokine could be a determinant of prodromal Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luisa Foco
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research , Bolzano (39100), Italy
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck and University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein , Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck and University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein , Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck , Germany
| | - Inke R. König
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Lübeck and University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein , Lübeck, Germany
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10
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Wasner K, Smajic S, Ghelfi J, Delcambre S, Prada-Medina CA, Knappe E, Arena G, Mulica P, Agyeah G, Rakovic A, Boussaad I, Badanjak K, Ohnmacht J, Gérardy JJ, Takanashi M, Trinh J, Mittelbronn M, Hattori N, Klein C, Antony P, Seibler P, Spielmann M, Pereira SL, Grünewald A. Parkin Deficiency Impairs Mitochondrial DNA Dynamics and Propagates Inflammation. Mov Disord 2022; 37:1405-1415. [PMID: 35460111 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the E3 ubiquitin ligase parkin cause autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease (PD). Together with PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), parkin regulates the clearance of dysfunctional mitochondria. New mitochondria are generated through an interplay of nuclear- and mitochondrial-encoded proteins, and recent studies suggest that parkin influences this process at both levels. In addition, parkin was shown to prevent mitochondrial membrane permeability, impeding mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) escape and subsequent neuroinflammation. However, parkin's regulatory roles independent of mitophagy are not well described in patient-derived neurons. OBJECTIVES We sought to investigate parkin's role in preventing neuronal mtDNA dyshomeostasis, release, and glial activation at the endogenous level. METHODS We generated induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived midbrain neurons from PD patients with parkin (PRKN) mutations and healthy controls. Live-cell imaging, proteomic, mtDNA integrity, and gene expression analyses were employed to investigate mitochondrial biogenesis and genome maintenance. To assess neuroinflammation, we performed single-nuclei RNA sequencing in postmortem tissue and quantified interleukin expression in mtDNA/lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-treated iPSC-derived neuron-microglia co-cultures. RESULTS Neurons from patients with PRKN mutations revealed deficits in the mitochondrial biogenesis pathway, resulting in mtDNA dyshomeostasis. Moreover, the energy sensor sirtuin 1, which controls mitochondrial biogenesis and clearance, was downregulated in parkin-deficient cells. Linking mtDNA disintegration to neuroinflammation, in postmortem midbrain with PRKN mutations, we confirmed mtDNA dyshomeostasis and detected an upregulation of microglia overexpressing proinflammatory cytokines. Finally, parkin-deficient neuron-microglia co-cultures elicited an enhanced immune response when exposed to mtDNA/LPS. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that parkin coregulates mitophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mtDNA maintenance pathways, thereby protecting midbrain neurons from neuroinflammation and degeneration. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobi Wasner
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette
| | - Semra Smajic
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette
| | - Jenny Ghelfi
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette
| | - Sylvie Delcambre
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette
| | | | - Evelyn Knappe
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Arena
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette
| | - Patrycja Mulica
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette
| | - Gideon Agyeah
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette
| | | | - Ibrahim Boussaad
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette.,Disease Modeling and Screening Platform, Luxembourg Centre of Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg & Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg
| | - Katja Badanjak
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette
| | - Jochen Ohnmacht
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette.,Department of Life Science and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jean-Jacques Gérardy
- National Center of Pathology, Laboratoire National de Santé, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | | | - Joanne Trinh
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette.,National Center of Pathology, Laboratoire National de Santé, Dudelange, Luxembourg.,Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology, Dudelange, Luxembourg.,Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | | | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Paul Antony
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette.,Disease Modeling and Screening Platform, Luxembourg Centre of Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg & Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Malte Spielmann
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sandro L Pereira
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette.,Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette.,Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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11
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Pozojevic J, Algodon SM, Cruz JN, Trinh J, Brüggemann N, Laß J, Grütz K, Schaake S, Tse R, Yumiceba V, Kruse N, Schulz K, Sreenivasan VKA, Rosales RL, Jamora RDG, Diesta CCE, Matschke J, Glatzel M, Seibler P, Händler K, Rakovic A, Kirchner H, Spielmann M, Kaiser FJ, Klein C, Westenberger A. Transcriptional Alterations in X-Linked Dystonia–Parkinsonism Caused by the SVA Retrotransposon. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042231. [PMID: 35216353 PMCID: PMC8875906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
X-linked dystonia–parkinsonism (XDP) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder that manifests as adult-onset dystonia combined with parkinsonism. A SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA) retrotransposon inserted in an intron of the TAF1 gene reduces its expression and alters splicing in XDP patient-derived cells. As a consequence, increased levels of the TAF1 intron retention transcript TAF1-32i can be found in XDP cells as compared to healthy controls. Here, we investigate the sequence of the deep intronic region included in this transcript and show that it is also present in cells from healthy individuals, albeit in lower amounts than in XDP cells, and that it undergoes degradation by nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Furthermore, we investigate epigenetic marks (e.g., DNA methylation and histone modifications) present in this intronic region and the spanning sequence. Finally, we show that the SVA evinces regulatory potential, as demonstrated by its ability to repress the TAF1 promoter in vitro. Our results enable a better understanding of the disease mechanisms underlying XDP and transcriptional alterations caused by SVA retrotransposons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Pozojevic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (S.M.A.); (J.N.C.); (J.T.); (N.B.); (J.L.); (K.G.); (S.S.); (R.T.); (P.S.); (A.R.)
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (V.Y.); (N.K.); (K.S.); (V.K.A.S.); (K.H.); (H.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Shela Marie Algodon
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (S.M.A.); (J.N.C.); (J.T.); (N.B.); (J.L.); (K.G.); (S.S.); (R.T.); (P.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Joseph Neos Cruz
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (S.M.A.); (J.N.C.); (J.T.); (N.B.); (J.L.); (K.G.); (S.S.); (R.T.); (P.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Joanne Trinh
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (S.M.A.); (J.N.C.); (J.T.); (N.B.); (J.L.); (K.G.); (S.S.); (R.T.); (P.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (S.M.A.); (J.N.C.); (J.T.); (N.B.); (J.L.); (K.G.); (S.S.); (R.T.); (P.S.); (A.R.)
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Joshua Laß
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (S.M.A.); (J.N.C.); (J.T.); (N.B.); (J.L.); (K.G.); (S.S.); (R.T.); (P.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Karen Grütz
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (S.M.A.); (J.N.C.); (J.T.); (N.B.); (J.L.); (K.G.); (S.S.); (R.T.); (P.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Susen Schaake
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (S.M.A.); (J.N.C.); (J.T.); (N.B.); (J.L.); (K.G.); (S.S.); (R.T.); (P.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Ronnie Tse
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (S.M.A.); (J.N.C.); (J.T.); (N.B.); (J.L.); (K.G.); (S.S.); (R.T.); (P.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Veronica Yumiceba
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (V.Y.); (N.K.); (K.S.); (V.K.A.S.); (K.H.); (H.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Nathalie Kruse
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (V.Y.); (N.K.); (K.S.); (V.K.A.S.); (K.H.); (H.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Kristin Schulz
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (V.Y.); (N.K.); (K.S.); (V.K.A.S.); (K.H.); (H.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Varun K. A. Sreenivasan
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (V.Y.); (N.K.); (K.S.); (V.K.A.S.); (K.H.); (H.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Raymond L. Rosales
- The Hospital Neuroscience Institute, Department of Neurology and Psychiatry and The FMS-Research Center for Health Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines;
| | - Roland Dominic G. Jamora
- Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine-Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines;
| | - Cid Czarina E. Diesta
- Department of Neurosciences, Movement Disorders Clinic, Makati Medical Center, Makati City 1229, Philippines;
| | - Jakob Matschke
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (J.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (J.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (S.M.A.); (J.N.C.); (J.T.); (N.B.); (J.L.); (K.G.); (S.S.); (R.T.); (P.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Kristian Händler
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (V.Y.); (N.K.); (K.S.); (V.K.A.S.); (K.H.); (H.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Aleksandar Rakovic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (S.M.A.); (J.N.C.); (J.T.); (N.B.); (J.L.); (K.G.); (S.S.); (R.T.); (P.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Henriette Kirchner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (V.Y.); (N.K.); (K.S.); (V.K.A.S.); (K.H.); (H.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Malte Spielmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (V.Y.); (N.K.); (K.S.); (V.K.A.S.); (K.H.); (H.K.); (M.S.)
- Human Molecular Genomics Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Frank J. Kaiser
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
- Essener Zentrum für Seltene Erkrankungen, Universitätsmedizin Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (S.M.A.); (J.N.C.); (J.T.); (N.B.); (J.L.); (K.G.); (S.S.); (R.T.); (P.S.); (A.R.)
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (A.W.)
| | - Ana Westenberger
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (S.M.A.); (J.N.C.); (J.T.); (N.B.); (J.L.); (K.G.); (S.S.); (R.T.); (P.S.); (A.R.)
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (A.W.)
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12
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Jarazo J, Barmpa K, Modamio J, Saraiva C, Sabaté-Soler S, Rosety I, Griesbeck A, Skwirblies F, Zaffaroni G, Smits LM, Su J, Arias-Fuenzalida J, Walter J, Gomez-Giro G, Monzel AS, Qing X, Vitali A, Cruciani G, Boussaad I, Brunelli F, Jäger C, Rakovic A, Li W, Yuan L, Berger E, Arena G, Bolognin S, Schmidt R, Schröder C, Antony PMA, Klein C, Krüger R, Seibler P, Schwamborn JC. Parkinson's Disease Phenotypes in Patient Neuronal Cultures and Brain Organoids Improved by 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Treatment. Mov Disord 2021; 37:80-94. [PMID: 34637165 PMCID: PMC9291890 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is only partially understood despite the fact that environmental causes, risk factors, and specific gene mutations are contributors to the disease. Biallelic mutations in the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)‐induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) gene involved in mitochondrial homeostasis, vesicle trafficking, and autophagy are sufficient to cause PD. Objectives We sought to evaluate the difference between controls' and PINK1 patients' derived neurons in their transition from neuroepithelial stem cells to neurons, allowing us to identify potential pathways to target with repurposed compounds. Methods Using two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional models of patients' derived neurons we recapitulated PD‐related phenotypes. We introduced the usage of midbrain organoids for testing compounds. Using Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (Cas9), we corrected the point mutations of three patients' derived cells. We evaluated the effect of the selected compound in a mouse model. Results PD patient‐derived cells presented differences in their energetic profile, imbalanced proliferation, apoptosis, mitophagy, and a reduced differentiation efficiency to tyrosine hydroxylase positive (TH+) neurons compared to controls' cells. Correction of a patient's point mutation ameliorated the metabolic properties and neuronal firing rates as well as reversing the differentiation phenotype, and reducing the increased astrocytic levels. Treatment with 2‐hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin increased the autophagy and mitophagy capacity of neurons concomitant with an improved dopaminergic differentiation of patient‐specific neurons in midbrain organoids and ameliorated neurotoxicity in a mouse model. Conclusion We show that treatment with a repurposed compound is sufficient for restoring the impaired dopaminergic differentiation of PD patient‐derived cells. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Jarazo
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,OrganoTherapeutics société à responsabilité limitée simplifiée (SARL-S), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Kyriaki Barmpa
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jennifer Modamio
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Cláudia Saraiva
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sònia Sabaté-Soler
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Isabel Rosety
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | | | | | - Gaia Zaffaroni
- Institute for Globally Distributed Open Research and Education, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lisa M Smits
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jihui Su
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jonathan Arias-Fuenzalida
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jonas Walter
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Gemma Gomez-Giro
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Anna S Monzel
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Xiaobing Qing
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Armelle Vitali
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Gerald Cruciani
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Disease Modeling and Screening Platform, Luxembourg Institute of Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg and Luxembourg Institute of Health, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Ibrahim Boussaad
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Disease Modeling and Screening Platform, Luxembourg Institute of Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg and Luxembourg Institute of Health, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | | | - Christian Jäger
- Metabolomics Platform, Enzymology and Metabolism, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | | | - Wen Li
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Emanuel Berger
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Giuseppe Arena
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Silvia Bolognin
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | | | | | - Paul M A Antony
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Parkinson Research Clinic, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.,Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jens C Schwamborn
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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13
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Krajka V, Naujock M, Pauly MG, Stengel F, Meier B, Stanslowsky N, Klein C, Seibler P, Wegner F, Capetian P. Ventral Telencephalic Patterning Protocols for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:716249. [PMID: 34490265 PMCID: PMC8416478 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.716249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into specific cell types for disease modeling and restorative therapies is a key research agenda and offers the possibility to obtain patient-specific cells of interest for a wide range of diseases. Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) play a particular role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s dementia and isolated dystonias. In this work, various directed differentiation protocols based on monolayer neural induction were tested for their effectiveness in promoting a ventral telencephalic phenotype and generating BFCN. Ventralizing factors [i.e., purmorphamine and Sonic hedgehog (SHH)] were applied at different time points, time intervals, and concentrations. In addition, caudal identity was prevented by the use of a small molecule XAV-939 that inhibits the Wnt-pathway. After patterning, gene expression profiles were analyzed by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Rostro-ventral patterning is most effective when initiated simultaneously with neural induction. The most promising combination of patterning factors was 0.5 μM of purmorphamine and 1 μM of XAV-939, which induces the highest expression of transcription factors specific for the medial ganglionic eminence, the source of GABAergic inter- and cholinergic neurons in the telencephalon. Upon maturation of cells, the immune phenotype, as well as electrophysiological properties were investigated showing the presence of marker proteins specific for BFCN (choline acetyltransferase, ISL1, p75, and NKX2.1) and GABAergic neurons. Moreover, a considerable fraction of measured cells displayed mature electrophysiological properties. Synaptic boutons containing the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VACHT) could be observed in the vicinity of the cells. This work will help to generate basal forebrain interneurons from hiPSCs, providing a promising platform for modeling neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease or Dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Krajka
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Martje G Pauly
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Felix Stengel
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Britta Meier
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Philipp Capetian
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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14
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Staege S, Kutschenko A, Baumann H, Glaß H, Henkel L, Gschwendtberger T, Kalmbach N, Klietz M, Hermann A, Lohmann K, Seibler P, Wegner F. Reduced Expression of GABA A Receptor Alpha2 Subunit Is Associated With Disinhibition of DYT-THAP1 Dystonia Patient-Derived Striatal Medium Spiny Neurons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:650586. [PMID: 34095114 PMCID: PMC8176025 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.650586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
DYT-THAP1 dystonia (formerly DYT6) is an adolescent-onset dystonia characterized by involuntary muscle contractions usually involving the upper body. It is caused by mutations in the gene THAP1 encoding for the transcription factor Thanatos-associated protein (THAP) domain containing apoptosis-associated protein 1 and inherited in an autosomal-dominant manner with reduced penetrance. Alterations in the development of striatal neuronal projections and synaptic function are known from transgenic mice models. To investigate pathogenetic mechanisms, human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived medium spiny neurons (MSNs) from two patients and one family member with reduced penetrance carrying a mutation in the gene THAP1 (c.474delA and c.38G > A) were functionally characterized in comparison to healthy controls. Calcium imaging and quantitative PCR analysis revealed significantly lower Ca2+ amplitudes upon GABA applications and a marked downregulation of the gene encoding the GABAA receptor alpha2 subunit in THAP1 MSNs indicating a decreased GABAergic transmission. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings showed a significantly lower frequency of miniature postsynaptic currents (mPSCs), whereas the frequency of spontaneous action potentials (APs) was elevated in THAP1 MSNs suggesting that decreased synaptic activity might have resulted in enhanced generation of APs. Our molecular and functional data indicate that a reduced expression of GABAA receptor alpha2 subunit could eventually lead to limited GABAergic synaptic transmission, neuronal disinhibition, and hyperexcitability of THAP1 MSNs. These data give pathophysiological insight and may contribute to the development of novel treatment strategies for DYT-THAP1 dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Staege
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hanover, Germany
| | - Anna Kutschenko
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Hauke Baumann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hannes Glaß
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht-Kossel", Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Lisa Henkel
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hanover, Germany
| | - Thomas Gschwendtberger
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hanover, Germany
| | - Norman Kalmbach
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Martin Klietz
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht-Kossel", Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hanover, Germany
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15
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Kutschenko A, Staege S, Grütz K, Glaß H, Kalmbach N, Gschwendtberger T, Henkel LM, Heine J, Grünewald A, Hermann A, Seibler P, Wegner F. Functional and Molecular Properties of DYT-SGCE Myoclonus-Dystonia Patient-Derived Striatal Medium Spiny Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3565. [PMID: 33808167 PMCID: PMC8037318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Myoclonus-dystonia (DYT-SGCE, formerly DYT11) is characterized by alcohol-sensitive, myoclonic-like appearance of fast dystonic movements. It is caused by mutations in the SGCE gene encoding ε-sarcoglycan leading to a dysfunction of this transmembrane protein, alterations in the cerebello-thalamic pathway and impaired striatal plasticity. To elucidate underlying pathogenic mechanisms, we investigated induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) from two myoclonus-dystonia patients carrying a heterozygous mutation in the SGCE gene (c.298T>G and c.304C>T with protein changes W100G and R102X) in comparison to two matched healthy control lines. Calcium imaging showed significantly elevated basal intracellular Ca2+ content and lower frequency of spontaneous Ca2+ signals in SGCE MSNs. Blocking of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels by verapamil was less efficient in suppressing KCl-induced Ca2+ peaks of SGCE MSNs. Ca2+ amplitudes upon glycine and acetylcholine applications were increased in SGCE MSNs, but not after GABA or glutamate applications. Expression of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and most ionotropic receptor subunits was not altered. SGCE MSNs showed significantly reduced GABAergic synaptic density. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings displayed elevated amplitudes of miniature postsynaptic currents and action potentials in SGCE MSNs. Our data contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology and the development of novel therapeutic strategies for myoclonus-dystonia.
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Grants
- Karlheinz-Hartmann-Stiftung (Hannover, Germany), Ellen-Schmidt-Program (Hannover, Germany), Hermann and Lilly Schilling Stiftung für medizinische Forschung im Stifterverband, German Research Foundation (FOR2488) Karlheinz-Hartmann-Stiftung (Hannover, Germany), Ellen-Schmidt-Program (Hannover, Germany), Hermann and Lilly Schilling Stiftung für medizinische Forschung im Stifterverband, German Research Foundation (FOR2488)
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kutschenko
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.K.); (S.S.); (N.K.); (T.G.); (L.M.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Selma Staege
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.K.); (S.S.); (N.K.); (T.G.); (L.M.H.); (J.H.)
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Bünteweg 2, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Karen Grütz
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (K.G.); (A.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Hannes Glaß
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht-Kossel“, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (H.G.); (A.H.)
| | - Norman Kalmbach
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.K.); (S.S.); (N.K.); (T.G.); (L.M.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Thomas Gschwendtberger
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.K.); (S.S.); (N.K.); (T.G.); (L.M.H.); (J.H.)
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Bünteweg 2, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Lisa M. Henkel
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.K.); (S.S.); (N.K.); (T.G.); (L.M.H.); (J.H.)
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Bünteweg 2, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Johanne Heine
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.K.); (S.S.); (N.K.); (T.G.); (L.M.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (K.G.); (A.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht-Kossel“, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (H.G.); (A.H.)
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Rostock/Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock (CTNR), University Medical Center, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (K.G.); (A.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.K.); (S.S.); (N.K.); (T.G.); (L.M.H.); (J.H.)
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Bünteweg 2, 30559 Hannover, Germany
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16
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Baumann H, Ott F, Weber J, Trilck-Winkler M, Münchau A, Zittel S, Kostić VS, Kaiser FJ, Klein C, Busch H, Seibler P, Lohmann K. Linking Penetrance and Transcription in DYT-THAP1: Insights From a Human iPSC-Derived Cortical Model. Mov Disord 2021; 36:1381-1391. [PMID: 33547842 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The THAP1 gene encodes a transcription factor, and pathogenic variants cause a form of autosomal dominant, isolated dystonia (DYT-THAP1) with reduced penetrance. Factors underlying both reduced penetrance and the disease mechanism of DYT-THAP1 are largely unknown. METHODS We performed transcriptome analysis on 29 cortical neuronal precursors derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cell lines generated from manifesting and nonmanifesting THAP1 mutation carriers and control individuals. RESULTS Whole transcriptome analysis showed a penetrance-linked signature with expressional changes more pronounced in the group of manifesting (MMCs) than in nonmanifesting mutation carriers (NMCs) when compared to controls. A direct comparison of the transcriptomes in MMCs versus NMCs showed significant upregulation of the DRD4 gene in MMCs. A gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated alterations in various neurotransmitter release cycle pathways, extracellular matrix organization, and deoxyribonucleic acid methylation between MMCs and NMCs. When specifically considering transcription factors, the expression of YY1 and SIX2 differed in MMCs versus NMCs. Further, THAP1 was upregulated in the group of MMCs. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first report systematically analyzing reduced penetrance in DYT-THAP1 in a human model using transcriptomes. Our findings indicate that transcriptional alterations during cortical development influence DYT-THAP1 pathogenesis and penetrance. We reinforce previously linked pathways including dopamine and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha signaling in the pathogenesis of dystonia including DYT-THAP1 and suggest extracellular matrix organization and deoxyribonucleic acid methylation as mediators of disease protection. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hauke Baumann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Fabian Ott
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology and Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Joachim Weber
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Münchau
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Simone Zittel
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Frank J Kaiser
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology and Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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17
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Trilck-Winkler M, Borsche M, König IR, Balck A, Lenz I, Kasten M, Lohmann K, Brockmann K, Valente EM, Klein C, Brüggemann N, Seibler P. Parkin Deficiency Appears Not to Be Associated with Cardiac Damage in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2021; 36:271-273. [PMID: 33492791 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Max Borsche
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Inke R König
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexander Balck
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Insa Lenz
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Meike Kasten
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Kathrin Brockmann
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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18
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Cascalho A, Foroozandeh J, Hennebel L, Swerts J, Klein C, Rous S, Dominguez Gonzalez B, Pisani A, Meringolo M, Gallego SF, Verstreken P, Seibler P, Goodchild RE. Excess Lipin enzyme activity contributes to TOR1A recessive disease and DYT-TOR1A dystonia. Brain 2021; 143:1746-1765. [PMID: 32516804 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
TOR1A/TorsinA mutations cause two incurable diseases: a recessive congenital syndrome that can be lethal, and a dominantly-inherited childhood-onset dystonia (DYT-TOR1A). TorsinA has been linked to phosphatidic acid lipid metabolism in Drosophila melanogaster. Here we evaluate the role of phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP) enzymes in TOR1A diseases using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons from patients, and mouse models of recessive Tor1a disease. We find that Lipin PAP enzyme activity is abnormally elevated in human DYT-TOR1A dystonia patient cells and in the brains of four different Tor1a mouse models. Its severity also correlated with the dosage of Tor1a/TOR1A mutation. We assessed the role of excess Lipin activity in the neurological dysfunction of Tor1a disease mouse models by interbreeding these with Lpin1 knock-out mice. Genetic reduction of Lpin1 improved the survival of recessive Tor1a disease-model mice, alongside suppressing neurodegeneration, motor dysfunction, and nuclear membrane pathology. These data establish that TOR1A disease mutations cause abnormal phosphatidic acid metabolism, and suggest that approaches that suppress Lipin PAP enzyme activity could be therapeutically useful for TOR1A diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cascalho
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joyce Foroozandeh
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lise Hennebel
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jef Swerts
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stef Rous
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Beatriz Dominguez Gonzalez
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia and Department of Systems Medicine, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Meringolo
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia and Department of Systems Medicine, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sandra F Gallego
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrik Verstreken
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Rose E Goodchild
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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19
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Kline EM, Houser MC, Herrick MK, Seibler P, Klein C, West A, Tansey MG. Genetic and Environmental Factors in Parkinson's Disease Converge on Immune Function and Inflammation. Mov Disord 2021; 36:25-36. [PMID: 33314312 PMCID: PMC8285924 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD) is a movement disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and aggregation of the protein α-synuclein. Patients with iPD vary in age of symptom onset, rate of progression, severity of motor and non-motor symptoms, and extent of central and peripheral inflammation. Genetic and environmental factors are believed to act synergistically in iPD pathogenesis. We propose that environmental factors (pesticides and infections) increase the risk for iPD via the immune system and that the role of PD risk genes in immune cells is worthy of investigation. This review highlights the major PD-relevant genes expressed in immune cells and key environmental factors that activate immune cells and, alone or in combination with other factors, may contribute to iPD pathogenesis. By reviewing these interactions, we seek to enable the future development of immunomodulatory approaches to prevent or delay onset of iPD. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Kline
- Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Madelyn C Houser
- Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mary K Herrick
- Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Andrew West
- Duke Center for Neurodegeneration and Neurotherapeutics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Malú G Tansey
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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20
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Tran F, Klein C, Arlt A, Imm S, Knappe E, Simmons A, Rosenstiel P, Seibler P. Stem Cells and Organoid Technology in Precision Medicine in Inflammation: Are We There Yet? Front Immunol 2020; 11:573562. [PMID: 33408713 PMCID: PMC7779798 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.573562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Individualised cellular models of disease are a key tool for precision medicine to recapitulate chronic inflammatory processes. Organoid models can be derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) or from primary stem cells ex vivo. These models have been emerging over the past decade and have been used to reconstruct the respective organ-specific physiology and pathology, at an unsurpassed depth. In cancer research, patient-derived cancer organoids opened new perspectives in predicting therapy response and provided novel insights into tumour biology. In precision medicine of chronic inflammatory disorders, stem-cell based organoid models are currently being evaluated in pre-clinical pharmacodynamic studies (clinical studies in a dish) and are employed in clinical studies, e.g., by re-transplanting autologous epithelial organoids to re-establish intestinal barrier integrity. A particularly exciting feature of iPSC systems is their ability to provide insights into organ systems and inflammatory disease processes, which cannot be monitored with clinical biopsies, such as immune reactions in neurodegenerative disorders. Refinement of differentiation protocols, and next-generation co-culturing methods, aimed at generating self-organised, complex tissues in vitro, will be the next logical steps. In this mini-review, we critically discuss the current state-of-the-art stem cell and organoid technologies, as well as their future impact, potential and promises in combating immune-mediated chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Tran
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexander Arlt
- Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.,University Department for Gastroenterology, Klinikum Oldenburg AöR, European Medical School (EMS), Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Simon Imm
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Evelyn Knappe
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alison Simmons
- MRC Human Immunology Unit (MRC), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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21
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Robert J, Weilinger NL, Cao LP, Cataldi S, Button EB, Stukas S, Martin EM, Seibler P, Gilmour M, Caffrey TM, Rowe EM, Fan J, MacVicar B, Farrer MJ, Wellington CL. An in vitro bioengineered model of the human arterial neurovascular unit to study neurodegenerative diseases. Mol Neurodegener 2020; 15:70. [PMID: 33213497 PMCID: PMC7678181 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-020-00418-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The neurovascular unit (NVU) - the interaction between the neurons and the cerebrovasculature - is increasingly important to interrogate through human-based experimental models. Although advanced models of cerebral capillaries have been developed in the last decade, there is currently no in vitro 3-dimensional (3D) perfusible model of the human cortical arterial NVU. METHOD We used a tissue-engineering technique to develop a scaffold-directed, perfusible, 3D human NVU that is cultured in native-like flow conditions that mimics the anatomy and physiology of cortical penetrating arteries. RESULTS This system, composed of primary human vascular cells (endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and astrocytes) and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derived neurons, demonstrates a physiological multilayer organization of the involved cell types. It reproduces key characteristics of cortical neurons and astrocytes and enables formation of a selective and functional endothelial barrier. We provide proof-of-principle data showing that this in vitro human arterial NVU may be suitable to study neurovascular components of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), as endogenously produced phosphorylated tau and beta-amyloid accumulate in the model over time. Finally, neuronal and glial fluid biomarkers relevant to neurodegenerative diseases are measurable in our arterial NVU model. CONCLUSION This model is a suitable research tool to investigate arterial NVU functions in healthy and disease states. Further, the design of the platform allows culture under native-like flow conditions for extended periods of time and yields sufficient tissue and media for downstream immunohistochemistry and biochemistry analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Robert
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University hospital Zurich, 8000 Zurich, Wagistrasse 14, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas L. Weilinger
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Li-Ping Cao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Centre for Applied Neurogenetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Stefano Cataldi
- Centre for Applied Neurogenetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Emily B. Button
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Sophie Stukas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Emma M. Martin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Megan Gilmour
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Tara M. Caffrey
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Elyn M. Rowe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Jianjia Fan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Brian MacVicar
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Matthew J. Farrer
- Centre for Applied Neurogenetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics & Neuroscience, McKnight and Fixel Institutes, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32610 USA
| | - Cheryl L. Wellington
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1M9 Canada
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22
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Dulovic-Mahlow M, König IR, Trinh J, Diaw SH, Urban PP, Knappe E, Kuhnke N, Ingwersen LC, Hinrichs F, Weber J, Kupnicka P, Balck A, Delcambre S, Vollbrandt T, Grünewald A, Klein C, Seibler P, Lohmann K. Discordant Monozygotic Parkinson Disease Twins: Role of Mitochondrial Integrity. Ann Neurol 2020; 89:158-164. [PMID: 33094862 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Even though genetic predisposition has proven to be an important element in Parkinson's disease (PD) etiology, monozygotic (MZ) twins with PD displayed a concordance rate of only about 20% despite their shared identical genetic background. METHODS We recruited 5 pairs of MZ twins discordant for idiopathic PD and established skin fibroblast cultures to investigate mitochondrial phenotypes in these cellular models against the background of a presumably identical genome. To test for genetic differences, we performed whole genome sequencing, deep mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequencing, and tested for mitochondrial deletions by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the fibroblast cultures. Further, the fibroblast cultures were tested for mitochondrial integrity by immunocytochemistry, immunoblotting, flow cytometry, and real-time PCR to quantify gene expression. RESULTS Genome sequencing did not identify any genetic difference. We found decreased mitochondrial functionality with reduced cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, altered mitochondrial morphology, elevated protein levels of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and increased levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-α (PPARGC1A) messenger RNA (mRNA) in skin fibroblast cultures from the affected compared to the unaffected twins. Further, there was a tendency for a higher number of somatic mtDNA variants among the affected twins. INTERPRETATION We demonstrate disease-related differences in mitochondrial integrity in the genetically identical twins. Of note, the clinical expression matches functional alterations of the mitochondria. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:158-164.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inke R König
- Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Joanne Trinh
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Peter P Urban
- Department of Neurology, Asklepios Klinik Barmbek, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Knappe
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Neele Kuhnke
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Frauke Hinrichs
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Joachim Weber
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Alexander Balck
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sylvie Delcambre
- Molecular and Functional Neurobiology Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Tillman Vollbrandt
- Cell Analysis Core Facility CAnaCore, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany, (LCSB), Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Molecular and Functional Neurobiology Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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23
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Delcambre S, Ghelfi J, Ouzren N, Grandmougin L, Delbrouck C, Seibler P, Wasner K, Aasly JO, Klein C, Trinh J, Pereira SL, Grünewald A. Mitochondrial Mechanisms of LRRK2 G2019S Penetrance. Front Neurol 2020; 11:881. [PMID: 32982917 PMCID: PMC7477385 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 (LRRK2) have been associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). The most common substitution, G2019S, interferes with LRRK2 kinase activity, which is regulated by autophosphorylation. Yet, the penetrance of this gain-of-function mutation is incomplete, and thus far, few factors have been correlated with disease status in carriers. This includes (i) LRRK2 autophosphorylation in urinary exosomes, (ii) serum levels of the antioxidant urate, and (iii) abundance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transcription-associated 7S DNA. In light of a mechanistic link between LRRK2 kinase activity and mtDNA lesion formation, we previously investigated mtDNA integrity in fibroblasts from manifesting (LRRK2+/PD+) and non-manifesting carriers (LRRK2+/PD−) of the G2019S mutation as well as from aged-matched controls. In our published study, mtDNA major arc deletions correlated with PD status, with manifesting carriers presenting the highest levels. In keeping with these findings, we now further explored mitochondrial features in fibroblasts derived from LRRK2+/PD+ (n = 10), LRRK2+/PD− (n = 21), and control (n = 10) individuals. In agreement with an accumulation of mtDNA major arc deletions, we also detected reduced NADH dehydrogenase activity in the LRRK2+/PD+ group. Moreover, in affected G2019S carriers, we observed elevated mitochondrial mass and mtDNA copy numbers as well as increased expression of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which regulates antioxidant signaling. Taken together, these results implicate mtDNA dyshomeostasis—possibly as a consequence of impaired mitophagy—in the penetrance of LRRK2-associated PD. Our findings are a step forward in the pursuit of unveiling markers that will allow monitoring of disease progression of LRRK2 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Delcambre
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jenny Ghelfi
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Nassima Ouzren
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Léa Grandmougin
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Catherine Delbrouck
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Kobi Wasner
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jan O Aasly
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Department of Neurology, St. Olav's Hospital, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Joanne Trinh
- Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Sandro L Pereira
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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24
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Trillhaase A, Haferkamp U, Rangnau A, Märtens M, Schmidt B, Trilck M, Seibler P, Aherrahrou R, Erdmann J, Aherrahrou Z. Retraction notice to "Differentiation of human iPSCs into VSMCs and generation of VSMC-derived calcifying vascular cells" [Stem Cell Res. 31 (2018) 62-70]. Stem Cell Res 2020; 45:101830. [PMID: 32460060 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.101830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Trillhaase
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Undine Haferkamp
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), 22525 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Alexandra Rangnau
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Marlon Märtens
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Beatrice Schmidt
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Michaela Trilck
- Institute for Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute for Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Redouane Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Zouhair Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany.
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25
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Berenguer-Escuder C, Grossmann D, Massart F, Antony P, Burbulla LF, Glaab E, Imhoff S, Trinh J, Seibler P, Grünewald A, Krüger R. Variants in Miro1 Cause Alterations of ER-Mitochondria Contact Sites in Fibroblasts from Parkinson's Disease Patients. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8122226. [PMID: 31888276 PMCID: PMC6947516 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although most cases of Parkinson´s disease (PD) are idiopathic with unknown cause, an increasing number of genes and genetic risk factors have been discovered that play a role in PD pathogenesis. Many of the PD-associated proteins are involved in mitochondrial quality control, e.g., PINK1, Parkin, and LRRK2, which were recently identified as regulators of mitochondrial-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact sites (MERCs) linking mitochondrial homeostasis to intracellular calcium handling. In this context, Miro1 is increasingly recognized to play a role in PD pathology. Recently, we identified the first PD patients carrying mutations in RHOT1, the gene coding for Miro1. Here, we describe two novel RHOT1 mutations identified in two PD patients and the characterization of the cellular phenotypes. Methods: Using whole exome sequencing we identified two PD patients carrying heterozygous mutations leading to the amino acid exchanges T351A and T610A in Miro1. We analyzed calcium homeostasis and MERCs in detail by live cell imaging and immunocytochemistry in patient-derived fibroblasts. Results: We show that fibroblasts expressing mutant T351A or T610A Miro1 display impaired calcium homeostasis and a reduced amount of MERCs. All fibroblast lines from patients with pathogenic variants in Miro1, revealed alterations of the structure of MERCs. Conclusion: Our data suggest that Miro1 is important for the regulation of the structure and function of MERCs. Moreover, our study supports the role of MERCs in the pathogenesis of PD and further establishes variants in RHOT1 as rare genetic risk factors for neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Berenguer-Escuder
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (D.G.); (F.M.); (P.A.); (E.G.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: (C.B.E.); (R.K.); Tel.: +352-46-66-44-5401 (R.K.)
| | - Dajana Grossmann
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (D.G.); (F.M.); (P.A.); (E.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Franҫois Massart
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (D.G.); (F.M.); (P.A.); (E.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Paul Antony
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (D.G.); (F.M.); (P.A.); (E.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Lena F. Burbulla
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
| | - Enrico Glaab
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (D.G.); (F.M.); (P.A.); (E.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Sophie Imhoff
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; (S.I.); (J.T.); (P.S.)
| | - Joanne Trinh
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; (S.I.); (J.T.); (P.S.)
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; (S.I.); (J.T.); (P.S.)
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (D.G.); (F.M.); (P.A.); (E.G.); (A.G.)
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; (S.I.); (J.T.); (P.S.)
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (D.G.); (F.M.); (P.A.); (E.G.); (A.G.)
- Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
- Parkinson Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), 1460 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Correspondence: (C.B.E.); (R.K.); Tel.: +352-46-66-44-5401 (R.K.)
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26
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Germer EL, Imhoff S, Vilariño-Güell C, Kasten M, Seibler P, Brüggemann N, Klein C, Trinh J. The Role of Rare Coding Variants in Parkinson's Disease GWAS Loci. Front Neurol 2019; 10:1284. [PMID: 31920912 PMCID: PMC6923768 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified multiple loci associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) risk. The presence of rare variants within these loci that may account for the increased susceptibility requires further investigation. Methods: Using exome sequencing, we performed a comprehensive rare variant screen of genes located within 56 novel PD loci. We first analyzed exomes from 109 subjects in the discovery cohort (85 diagnosed with PD and 24 healthy controls) and filtered for rare coding variants with minor allele frequency <0.01 and combined annotation-dependent depletion > 15. Further investigation of exome data from a replication cohort of 2,859 European patients with PD (International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium) and 24,146 non-Finnish European controls from gnomAD were used for association testing of specific rare variants found in the discovery cohort. Results: Our genetic screening identified 54 potential disease-relevant variants in 71 genes in 109 subjects. Six out of 54 variants were found in two or more patients and were not observed in healthy controls: DNAH1 p.A3639T, STAB1 p.S1089G, ANK2 p.V3634D, ANK2 p.R3906W, SH3GL2 p.G276V, and NOD2 p.G908R. Replication in the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium (IPDGC) confirmed the association with PD risk for three out of the six identified variants (STAB1 p.S1089G, SH3GL2 p.G276V, and NOD2 p.G908R) (p < 10−3). Conclusion: Our study suggests that some of the associations identified in PD risk loci can be ascribed to rare variants with likely functional effects that modify PD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophie Imhoff
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Carles Vilariño-Güell
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre for Applied Neurogenetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Meike Kasten
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | | | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Joanne Trinh
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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27
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Dulovic-Mahlow M, Lukomska A, Diaw SH, Balck A, Borsche M, Grütz K, Lenz I, Rudolph F, Lohmann K, Klein C, Seibler P. Generation and characterization of human-derived iPSC lines from three pairs of monozygotic twins discordant for Parkinson's disease. Stem Cell Res 2019; 41:101629. [PMID: 31706098 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a genetic component in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD), monozygotic twin pairs often display discordance for PD. Here, we describe the generation of six human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from dermal fibroblasts of three pairs of monozygotic twins discordant for PD. We used non-integrating Sendai virus and the iPSC lines were comprehensively characterized. These lines provide a valuable resource for studying molecular differences between the affected and unaffected monozygotic twin and their response to genetic and non-genetic factors that might be involved in the development of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alexander Balck
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Max Borsche
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Karen Grütz
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Insa Lenz
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
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28
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Vulinovic F, Krajka V, Hausrat TJ, Seibler P, Alvarez-Fischer D, Madoev H, Park JS, Kumar KR, Sue CM, Lohmann K, Kneussel M, Klein C, Rakovic A. Motor protein binding and mitochondrial transport are altered by pathogenic TUBB4A variants. Hum Mutat 2019; 40:2444. [PMID: 31758849 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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29
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Rakovic A, Domingo A, Grütz K, Kulikovskaja L, Capetian P, Cowley SA, Lenz I, Brüggemann N, Rosales R, Jamora D, Rolfs A, Seibler P, Westenberger A, König I, Klein C. Genome editing in induced pluripotent stem cells rescues TAF1 levels in X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism. Mov Disord 2019; 33:1108-1118. [PMID: 30153385 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most likely genetic cause of X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism, a neurodegenerative movement disorder endemic to the Philippines, is a 2672-bp-long retrotransposon insertion in intron 32 of the TAF1 gene. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether (1) TAF1 expression is altered in induced pluripotent stem cells and differentiated neuronal models and (2) excision of the retrotransposon insertion restores normal TAF1 expression. METHODS Expression of TAF1 and its neuronal isoform were determined in induced pluripotent stem cells and in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical neurons and spiny projection neurons using quantitative PCR. Genome editing-based excision of the retrotransposon insertion was performed on induced pluripotent stem cells from 3 X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism patients. Edited and unedited induced pluripotent stem cells from X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism patients and controls were differentiated into cortical neurons and spiny projection neurons, and TAF1 expression was compared across groups. RESULTS TAF1 was reduced in patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (P < 0.05) and spiny projection neurons (P < 0.01). After genome editing, we observed higher TAF1 expression in edited compared with unedited induced pluripotent stem cells (P < 0.0001). In edited spiny projection neurons, TAF1 expression was also increased, but did not reach statistical significance. No expression differences were observed in cortical neurons. CONCLUSIONS (1) TAF1 reduction in X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism is likely due to the retrotransposon insertion and is recapitulated in induced pluripotent stem cells and differentiated spiny projection neurons. (2) TAF1 reduction is a tractable molecular phenotype of X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism that can be driven by excision of the retrotransposon insertion. (3) Successful rescue of the molecular phenotype in an endogenous, genome-edited model serves as a proof of principle that may successfully be transferred to other inherited neurodegenerative diseases. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aloysius Domingo
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Karen Grütz
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Philipp Capetian
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sally A Cowley
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Insa Lenz
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Raymond Rosales
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Dominic Jamora
- Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | - Arndt Rolfs
- Albrecht-Kossel-Institute for Neuroregeneration (AKos), University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ana Westenberger
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Inke König
- Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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30
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Ouzren N, Delcambre S, Ghelfi J, Seibler P, Farrer MJ, König IR, Aasly JO, Trinh J, Klein C, Grünewald A. Mitochondrial DNA Deletions Discriminate Affected from Unaffected LRRK2 Mutation Carriers. Ann Neurol 2019; 86:324-326. [PMID: 31148195 PMCID: PMC6900150 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nassima Ouzren
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sylvie Delcambre
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jenny Ghelfi
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Matthew J Farrer
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Inke R König
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jan O Aasly
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science and Department of Neurology, St Olav's Hospital, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Joanne Trinh
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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31
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Balck A, Borsche M, Kasten M, Lohmann K, Seibler P, Brüggemann N, Klein C. Discordance in monozygotic Parkinson's disease twins - continuum or dichotomy? Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2019; 6:1102-1105. [PMID: 31211174 PMCID: PMC6562023 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Differences in concordance rates between monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs with Parkinson's disease (PD) have been used to estimate genetic influences in PD pathogenesis. We hypothesized that “discordance” may not in all cases adequately reflect the multifaceted disease manifestation of PD that involves a continuum from prodromal to definite PD. Deep clinical phenotyping, combining motor, nonmotor, and imaging modalities in five monozygotic, seemingly discordant twin pairs revealed motor and/or nonmotor features and/or nigral hyperechogenicity in all of the five putatively unaffected twins. In conclusion, our data suggest that concordance rates in monozygotic twins may be higher than previously appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Balck
- Institute of Neurogenetics University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany.,Department of Neurology University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany
| | - Max Borsche
- Institute of Neurogenetics University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany.,Department of Neurology University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany
| | - Meike Kasten
- Institute of Neurogenetics University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Institute of Neurogenetics University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany.,Department of Neurology University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany
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32
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Seibler P, Burbulla LF, Dulovic M, Zittel S, Heine J, Schmidt T, Rudolph F, Westenberger A, Rakovic A, Münchau A, Krainc D, Klein C. Iron overload is accompanied by mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction in WDR45 mutant cells. Brain 2018; 141:3052-3064. [PMID: 30169597 PMCID: PMC7190033 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration is a subtype of monogenic neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation caused by de novo mutations in WDR45. The WDR45 protein functions as a beta-propeller scaffold and plays a putative role in autophagy through its interaction with phospholipids and autophagy-related proteins. Loss of WDR45 function due to disease-causing mutations has been linked to defects in autophagic flux in patient and animal cells. However, the role of WDR45 in iron homeostasis remains elusive. Here we studied patient-specific WDR45 mutant fibroblasts and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived midbrain neurons. Our data demonstrated that loss of WDR45 increased cellular iron levels and oxidative stress, accompanied by mitochondrial abnormalities, autophagic defects, and diminished lysosomal function. Restoring WDR45 levels partially rescued oxidative stress and the susceptibility to iron treatment, and activation of autophagy reduced the observed iron overload in WDR45 mutant cells. Our data suggest that iron-containing macromolecules and organelles cannot effectively be degraded through the lysosomal pathway due to loss of WDR45 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lena F Burbulla
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Marija Dulovic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Simone Zittel
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johanne Heine
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Ana Westenberger
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | | | - Dimitri Krainc
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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33
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Baumann H, Jahn M, Muenchau A, Trilck-Winkler M, Lohmann K, Seibler P. Generation and characterization of eight human-derived iPSC lines from affected and unaffected THAP1 mutation carriers. Stem Cell Res 2018; 33:60-64. [PMID: 30316041 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in THAP1 (THAP domain-containing apoptosis-associated protein 1) cause a form of early-onset, isolated dystonia (DYT-THAP1, aka DYT6). Here, we describe the generation of eight human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines of manifesting and non-manifesting carriers of the THAP1 mutations p.Lys158Asnfs*23 or p.Arg13His (each 4 lines). Dermal fibroblasts were reprogrammed using non-integrating Sendai virus. The iPSC lines were comprehensively characterized including expression analyses of pluripotency markers, the potential to differentiate into cells of all three germ layers, and stable karyotypes. These lines provide a valuable resource for studying the impact of THAP1 mutations on the pathology of dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hauke Baumann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Magdalena Jahn
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | | | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.
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34
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Vulinovic F, Krajka V, Hausrat TJ, Seibler P, Alvarez-Fischer D, Madoev H, Park JS, Kumar KR, Sue CM, Lohmann K, Kneussel M, Klein C, Rakovic A. Motor protein binding and mitochondrial transport are altered by pathogenic TUBB4A variants. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1901-1915. [PMID: 30079973 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in TUBB4A have been identified to cause a wide phenotypic spectrum of diseases ranging from hereditary generalized dystonia with whispering dysphonia (DYT-TUBB4A) and hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) to leukodystrophy hypomyelination with atrophy of the basal ganglia and cerebellum (H-ABC). TUBB4A encodes the brain-specific β-tubulin isotype, β-tubulin 4A. To elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms conferred by TUBB4A mutations leading to the different phenotypes, we functionally characterized three pathogenic TUBB4A variants (c.4C>G,p.R2G; c.745G>A,p.D249N; c.811G>A, p.A271T) as representatives of the mutational and disease spectrum) in human neuroblastoma cells and human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons. We showed that mRNA stability was not affected by any of the TUBB4A variants. Although two mutations (p.R2G and p.D249N) are located at the α/β-tubulin interdimer interface, we confirmed incorporation of all TUBB4A mutants into the microtubule network. However, we showed that the mutations p.D249N and p.A271T interfered with motor protein binding to microtubules and impaired neurite outgrowth and microtubule dynamics. Finally, TUBB4A mutations, as well as heterozygous knockout of TUBB4A, disrupted mitochondrial transport in iPSC-derived neurons. Taken together, our findings suggest that functional impairment of microtubule-associated transport is a shared pathogenic mechanism by which the TUBB4A mutations studied here cause a spectrum of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Vulinovic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Victor Krajka
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Torben J Hausrat
- Institute of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Harutyun Madoev
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jin-Sung Park
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and the University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kishore R Kumar
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and the University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and the University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Matthias Kneussel
- Institute of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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35
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Trillhaase A, Haferkamp U, Rangnau A, Märtens M, Schmidt B, Trilck M, Seibler P, Aherrahrou R, Erdmann J, Aherrahrou Z. Differentiation of human iPSCs into VSMCs and generation of VSMC-derived calcifying vascular cells. Stem Cell Res 2018; 31:62-70. [PMID: 30029055 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification displays a major cause of death worldwide, which involve mainly vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Since 2007, there are increasing numbers of protocols to obtain different cell types from human induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), however a protocol for calcification is missing. Few protocols exist today for the differentiation of iPSCs towards VSMCs and none are known for their calcification. Here we present a protocol for the calcification of iPSC-derived VSMCs. We successfully differentiated iPSCs into VSMCs based on a modified protocol. Calcification in VSMCs is induced by a commercial StemXVivo™ osteogenic medium. Calcification was verified using Calcein and Alizarin Red S staining or Calcium assays, and molecular analyses showed enhanced expression of calcification-associated genes. The presented method could help to study genetic risk variants, using the CRISPR/Cas technology through the introduction of Knockouts or Knockins of risk variants. Finally, this method can be applied for drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Trillhaase
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Undine Haferkamp
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), 22525Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Alexandra Rangnau
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Marlon Märtens
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Beatrice Schmidt
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Michaela Trilck
- Institute for Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute for Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Redouane Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22908, USA; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Zouhair Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Luebeck, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, Germany; University Heart Centre Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany.
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36
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Capetian P, Stanslowsky N, Bernhardi E, Grütz K, Domingo A, Brüggemann N, Naujock M, Seibler P, Klein C, Wegner F. Altered glutamate response and calcium dynamics in iPSC-derived striatal neurons from XDP patients. Exp Neurol 2018; 308:47-58. [PMID: 29944858 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP) is a neurodegenerative disorder endemic to Panay Island (Philippines). Patients present with generalizing dystonia and parkinsonism. Genetic changes surrounding the TAF1 (TATA-box binding protein associated factor 1) gene have been associated with XDP inducing a degeneration of striatal spiny projection neurons. There is little knowledge about the pathophysiology of this disorder. Our objective was to generate and analyze an in-vitro model of XDP based on striatal neurons differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). We generated iPSC from patient and healthy control fibroblasts (3 affected, 3 controls), followed by directed differentiation of the cultures towards striatal neurons. Cells underwent characterization of immunophenotype as well as neuronal function, glutamate receptor properties and calcium dynamics by whole-cell patch-clamp recordings and calcium imaging. Furthermore, we evaluated expression levels of AMPA receptor subunits and voltage-gated calcium channels by quantitative real-time PCR. We observed no differences in basic electrophysiological properties. Application of the AMPA antagonist NBQX led to a more pronounced reduction of postsynaptic currents in XDP neurons. There was a higher expression of AMPA receptor subunits in patient-derived neurons. Basal calcium levels were lower in neurons derived from XDP patients and cells with spontaneous calcium transients were more frequent. Our data suggest altered glutamate response and calcium dynamics in striatal XDP neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Capetian
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Germany.
| | - N Stanslowsky
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - E Bernhardi
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - K Grütz
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - A Domingo
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - N Brüggemann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - M Naujock
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - P Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - C Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany.
| | - F Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
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37
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Pauly MG, Krajka V, Stengel F, Seibler P, Klein C, Capetian P. Adherent vs. Free-Floating Neural Induction by Dual SMAD Inhibition for Neurosphere Cultures Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:3. [PMID: 29468156 PMCID: PMC5807902 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Keeping neural stem cells under proliferation, followed by terminal differentiation, can substantially increase the number of neurons generated. With regard to the usability of proliferating neurospheres (NSPHs) cultures, adherent induction protocols have not yet been studied in comparison to embryoid body (EB)-based protocols. To compare these proctocols, neural induction of human induced pluripotent stem cells was performed by dual SMAD inhibition under both adherent and free-floating EB culture conditions. After 10 days, we transferred cells to low-attachment culture plates and proliferated them as free-floating neurospheres. RNA was collected, transcribed to cDNA and analyzed for sonic hedgehog expression that plays an important role during proliferation process. NSPHs were analyzed by immunofluorescence imaging directly and upon continued differentiation. The EB-based approach yielded in higher numbers of cells expressing the neural stem cell marker Nestin, and showed in contrast to the adherent induction protocol increased expression levels of sonic hedgehog. Although improvements to culture consistency and reliability are desirable, the EB-based protocol appears to be superior to the adherent protocol for both, the proliferation and differentiation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martje G Pauly
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Victor Krajka
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Felix Stengel
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philipp Capetian
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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38
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Zanon A, Kalvakuri S, Rakovic A, Foco L, Guida M, Schwienbacher C, Serafin A, Rudolph F, Trilck M, Grünewald A, Stanslowsky N, Wegner F, Giorgio V, Lavdas AA, Bodmer R, Pramstaller PP, Klein C, Hicks AA, Pichler I, Seibler P. SLP-2 interacts with Parkin in mitochondria and prevents mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkin-deficient human iPSC-derived neurons and Drosophila. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:2412-2425. [PMID: 28379402 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the Parkin gene (PARK2) have been linked to a recessive form of Parkinson's disease (PD) characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Deficiencies of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I activity have been observed in the substantia nigra of PD patients, and loss of Parkin results in the reduction of complex I activity shown in various cell and animal models. Using co-immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays on endogenous proteins, we demonstrate that Parkin interacts with mitochondrial Stomatin-like protein 2 (SLP-2), which also binds the mitochondrial lipid cardiolipin and functions in the assembly of respiratory chain proteins. SH-SY5Y cells with a stable knockdown of Parkin or SLP-2, as well as induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons from Parkin mutation carriers, showed decreased complex I activity and altered mitochondrial network morphology. Importantly, induced expression of SLP-2 corrected for these mitochondrial alterations caused by reduced Parkin function in these cells. In-vivo Drosophila studies showed a genetic interaction of Parkin and SLP-2, and further, tissue-specific or global overexpression of SLP-2 transgenes rescued parkin mutant phenotypes, in particular loss of dopaminergic neurons, mitochondrial network structure, reduced ATP production, and flight and motor dysfunction. The physical and genetic interaction between Parkin and SLP-2 and the compensatory potential of SLP-2 suggest a functional epistatic relationship to Parkin and a protective role of SLP-2 in neurons. This finding places further emphasis on the significance of Parkin for the maintenance of mitochondrial function in neurons and provides a novel target for therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Zanon
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Sreehari Kalvakuri
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Luisa Foco
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Marianna Guida
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Christine Schwienbacher
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Alice Serafin
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Franziska Rudolph
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michaela Trilck
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.,Molecular and Functional Neurobiology Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Nancy Stanslowsky
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Alexandros A Lavdas
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Rolf Bodmer
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.,Department of Neurology, General Central Hospital, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.,Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Irene Pichler
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
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39
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Kulikovskaja L, Seibler P. Dopamine oxidation mediates a time-dependent pathological cascade in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2017; 33:250. [PMID: 29168581 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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40
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Grütz K, Seibler P, Weissbach A, Lohmann K, Carlisle FA, Blake DJ, Westenberger A, Klein C, Grünewald A. Faithful SGCE imprinting in iPSC-derived cortical neurons: an endogenous cellular model of myoclonus-dystonia. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41156. [PMID: 28155872 PMCID: PMC5290732 DOI: 10.1038/srep41156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In neuropathology research, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons are considered a tool closely resembling the patient brain. Albeit in respect to epigenetics, this concept has been challenged. We generated iPSC-derived cortical neurons from myoclonus-dystonia patients with mutations (W100G and R102X) in the maternally imprinted ε-sarcoglycan (SGCE) gene and analysed properties such as imprinting, mRNA and protein expression. Comparison of the promoter during reprogramming and differentiation showed tissue-independent differential methylation. DNA sequencing with methylation-specific primers and cDNA analysis in patient neurons indicated selective expression of the mutated paternal SGCE allele. While fibroblasts only expressed the ubiquitous mRNA isoform, brain-specific SGCE mRNA and ε-sarcoglycan protein were detected in iPSC-derived control neurons. However, neuronal protein levels were reduced in both mutants. Our phenotypic characterization highlights the suitability of iPSC-derived cortical neurons with SGCE mutations for myoclonus-dystonia research and, in more general terms, prompts the use of iPSC-derived cellular models to study epigenetic mechanisms impacting on health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Grütz
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anne Weissbach
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Francesca A Carlisle
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Derek J Blake
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Westenberger
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.,Molecular and Functional Neurobiology Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
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41
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Vos M, Geens A, Böhm C, Deaulmerie L, Swerts J, Rossi M, Craessaerts K, Leites EP, Seibler P, Rakovic A, Lohnau T, De Strooper B, Fendt SM, Morais VA, Klein C, Verstreken P. Cardiolipin promotes electron transport between ubiquinone and complex I to rescue PINK1 deficiency. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:695-708. [PMID: 28137779 PMCID: PMC5346965 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201511044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease–causing mutations in PINK1 yield mitochondrial defects including inefficient electron transport between complex I and ubiquinone. Vos et al. show that genetic and pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid synthase bypass these complex I defects in fly, mouse, and human Parkinson’s disease models. PINK1 is mutated in Parkinson’s disease (PD), and mutations cause mitochondrial defects that include inefficient electron transport between complex I and ubiquinone. Neurodegeneration is also connected to changes in lipid homeostasis, but how these are related to PINK1-induced mitochondrial dysfunction is unknown. Based on an unbiased genetic screen, we found that partial genetic and pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid synthase (FASN) suppresses toxicity induced by PINK1 deficiency in flies, mouse cells, patient-derived fibroblasts, and induced pluripotent stem cell–derived dopaminergic neurons. Lower FASN activity in PINK1 mutants decreases palmitate levels and increases the levels of cardiolipin (CL), a mitochondrial inner membrane–specific lipid. Direct supplementation of CL to isolated mitochondria not only rescues the PINK1-induced complex I defects but also rescues the inefficient electron transfer between complex I and ubiquinone in specific mutants. Our data indicate that genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of FASN to increase CL levels bypasses the enzymatic defects at complex I in a PD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Vos
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Research Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Ann Geens
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Research Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Claudia Böhm
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Liesbeth Deaulmerie
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Research Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jef Swerts
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Research Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matteo Rossi
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katleen Craessaerts
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Research Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elvira P Leites
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Aleksandar Rakovic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Thora Lohnau
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Research Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vanessa A Morais
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Research Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Patrik Verstreken
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium .,Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Research Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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42
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Capetian P, Azmitia L, Pauly MG, Krajka V, Stengel F, Bernhardi EM, Klett M, Meier B, Seibler P, Stanslowsky N, Moser A, Knopp A, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Nikkhah G, Wegner F, Döbrössy M, Klein C. Plasmid-Based Generation of Induced Neural Stem Cells from Adult Human Fibroblasts. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:245. [PMID: 27822179 PMCID: PMC5075569 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct reprogramming from somatic to neural cell types has become an alternative to induced pluripotent stem cells. Most protocols employ viral expression systems, posing the risk of random genomic integration. Recent developments led to plasmid-based protocols, lowering this risk. However, these protocols either relied on continuous presence of a variety of small molecules or were only able to reprogram murine cells. We therefore established a reprogramming protocol based on vectors containing the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-derived oriP/EBNA1 as well as the defined expression factors Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, L-myc, Lin28, and a small hairpin directed against p53. We employed a defined neural medium in combination with the neurotrophins bFGF, EGF and FGF4 for cultivation without the addition of small molecules. After reprogramming, cells demonstrated a temporary increase in the expression of endogenous Oct3/4. We obtained induced neural stem cells (iNSC) 30 days after transfection. In contrast to previous results, plasmid vectors as well as a residual expression of reprogramming factors remained detectable in all cell lines. Cells showed a robust differentiation into neuronal (72%) and glial cells (9% astrocytes, 6% oligodendrocytes). Despite the temporary increase of pluripotency-associated Oct3/4 expression during reprogramming, we did not detect pluripotent stem cells or non-neural cells in culture (except occasional residual fibroblasts). Neurons showed electrical activity and functional glutamatergic synapses. Our results demonstrate that reprogramming adult human fibroblasts to iNSC by plasmid vectors and basic neural medium without small molecules is possible and feasible. However, a full set of pluripotency-associated transcription factors may indeed result in the acquisition of a transient (at least partial) pluripotent intermediate during reprogramming. In contrast to previous reports, the EBV-based plasmid system remained present and active inside the cells at all time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Capetian
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of LübeckLübeck, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of LübeckLübeck, Germany
| | - Luis Azmitia
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kiel Kiel, Germany
| | - Martje G Pauly
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck Lübeck, Germany
| | - Victor Krajka
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck Lübeck, Germany
| | - Felix Stengel
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Mariana Klett
- Laboratory of Stereotaxy and Interventional Neuroscience, Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neuroscience, University Medical Center Freiburg Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Britta Meier
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Moser
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andreas Knopp
- Institute of Physiology, University of Kiel Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Guido Nikkhah
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School Hanover, Germany
| | - Máté Döbrössy
- Laboratory of Stereotaxy and Interventional Neuroscience, Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neuroscience, University Medical Center Freiburg Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck Lübeck, Germany
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43
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Munsie LN, Milnerwood AJ, Seibler P, Beccano-Kelly DA, Tatarnikov I, Khinda J, Volta M, Kadgien C, Cao LP, Tapia L, Klein C, Farrer MJ. Retromer-dependent neurotransmitter receptor trafficking to synapses is altered by the Parkinson's disease VPS35 mutation p.D620N. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 24:1691-703. [PMID: 25416282 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vacuolar protein sorting 35 (VPS35) is a core component of the retromer complex, crucial to endosomal protein sorting and intracellular trafficking. We recently linked a mutation in VPS35 (p.D620N) to familial parkinsonism. Here, we characterize human VPS35 and retromer function in mature murine neuronal cultures and investigate neuron-specific consequences of the p.D620N mutation. We find VPS35 localizes to dendritic spines and is involved in the trafficking of excitatory AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs). Fundamental neuronal processes, including excitatory synaptic transmission, AMPAR surface expression and synaptic recycling are altered by VPS35 overexpression. VPS35 p.D620N acts as a loss-of-function mutation with respect to VPS35 activity regulating synaptic transmission and AMPAR recycling in mouse cortical neurons and dopamine neuron-like cells produced from induced pluripotent stem cells of human p.D620N carriers. Such perturbations to synaptic function likely produce chronic pathophysiological stress upon neuronal circuits that may contribute to neurodegeneration in this, and other, forms of parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Munsie
- Department Medical Genetics, Centre for Applied Neurogenetics, Djavad Mowafagian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada
| | - A J Milnerwood
- Department Medical Genetics, Centre for Applied Neurogenetics, Djavad Mowafagian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 2B5
| | - P Seibler
- Division of Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - D A Beccano-Kelly
- Department Medical Genetics, Centre for Applied Neurogenetics, Djavad Mowafagian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada
| | - I Tatarnikov
- Department Medical Genetics, Centre for Applied Neurogenetics, Djavad Mowafagian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada
| | - J Khinda
- Department Medical Genetics, Centre for Applied Neurogenetics, Djavad Mowafagian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada
| | - M Volta
- Department Medical Genetics, Centre for Applied Neurogenetics, Djavad Mowafagian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada
| | - C Kadgien
- Department Medical Genetics, Centre for Applied Neurogenetics, Djavad Mowafagian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada
| | - L P Cao
- Department Medical Genetics, Centre for Applied Neurogenetics, Djavad Mowafagian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada
| | - L Tapia
- Department Medical Genetics, Centre for Applied Neurogenetics, Djavad Mowafagian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada
| | - C Klein
- Division of Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - M J Farrer
- Department Medical Genetics, Centre for Applied Neurogenetics, Djavad Mowafagian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada
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44
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Erogullari A, Hollstein R, Seibler P, Braunholz D, Koschmidder E, Depping R, Eckhold J, Lohnau T, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Grünewald A, Rakovic A, Lohmann K, Kaiser FJ. THAP1, the gene mutated in DYT6 dystonia, autoregulates its own expression. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014; 1839:1196-204. [PMID: 25088175 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
THAP1 encodes a transcription factor but its regulation is largely elusive. TOR1A was shown to be repressed by THAP1 in vitro. Notably, mutations in both of these genes lead to dystonia (DYT6 or DYT1). Surprisingly, expressional changes of TOR1A in THAP1 mutation carriers have not been detected indicating additional levels of regulation. Here, we investigated whether THAP1 is able to autoregulate its own expression. Using in-silico prediction, luciferase reporter gene assays, and (quantitative) chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), we defined the THAP1 minimal promoter to a 480bp-fragment and demonstrated specific binding of THAP1 to this region which resulted in repression of the THAP1 promoter. This autoregulation was disturbed by different DYT6-causing mutations. Two mutants (Ser6Phe, Arg13His) were shown to be less stable than wildtype THAP1 adding to the effect of reduced binding to the THAP1 promoter. Overexpressed THAP1 is preferably degraded through the proteasome. Notably, endogenous THAP1 expression was significantly reduced in cells overexpressing wildtype THAP1 as demonstrated by quantitative PCR. In contrast, higher THAP1 levels were detected in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS)-derived neurons from THAP1 mutation carriers. Thus, we identified a feedback-loop in the regulation of THAP1 expression and demonstrated that mutant THAP1 leads to higher THAP1 expression levels. This compensatory autoregulation may contribute to the mean age at onset in the late teen years or even reduced penetrance in some THAP1 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alev Erogullari
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23538, Germany
| | - Ronja Hollstein
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23538, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23538, Germany
| | - Diana Braunholz
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23538, Germany
| | - Eva Koschmidder
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23538, Germany
| | - Reinhard Depping
- Institute of Physiology, Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23538, Germany
| | - Juliane Eckhold
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23538, Germany; Institut für Humangenetik, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23538, Germany
| | - Thora Lohnau
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23538, Germany
| | | | - Anne Grünewald
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23538, Germany
| | - Aleksandar Rakovic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23538, Germany
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23538, Germany.
| | - Frank J Kaiser
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik, University of Luebeck, Luebeck 23538, Germany
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45
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Vulinovic F, Lohmann K, Rakovic A, Capetian P, Alvarez-Fischer D, Schmidt A, Weißbach A, Erogullari A, Kaiser FJ, Wiegers K, Ferbert A, Rolfs A, Klein C, Seibler P. Unraveling cellular phenotypes of novel TorsinA/TOR1A mutations. Hum Mutat 2014; 35:1114-22. [PMID: 24931141 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A three-nucleotide (GAG) deletion (ΔE) in TorsinA (TOR1A) has been identified as the most common cause of dominantly inherited early-onset torsion dystonia (DYT1). TOR1A encodes a chaperone-like AAA+-protein localized in the endoplasmic reticulum. Currently, only three additional, likely mutations have been reported in single dystonia patients. Here, we report two new, putative TOR1A mutations (p.A14_P15del and p.E121K) that we examined functionally in comparison with wild-type (WT) protein and two known mutations (ΔE and p.R288Q). While inclusion formation is a characteristic feature for ΔE TOR1A, elevated levels of aggregates for other mutations were not observed when compared with WT TOR1A. WT and mutant TOR1A showed preferred degradation through the autophagy-lysosome pathway, which is most pronounced for p.A14_P15del, p.R288Q, and ΔE TOR1A. Notably, blocking of the autophagy pathway with bafilomycin resulted in a significant increase in inclusion formation in p.E121K TOR1A. In addition, all variants had an influence on protein stability. Although the p.A14_P15del mutation affects the proposed oligomerization domain of TOR1A, this mutation did not disturb the ability to dimerize. Our findings demonstrate functional changes for all four mutations on different levels. Thus, both diagnostic and research genetic screening of dystonia patients should not be limited to testing for the ∆E mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Vulinovic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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46
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Seibler P, Klein C. Stimulus-triggered acquisition of pluripotency: revolutionizing human disease modeling and regenerative therapies? Mov Disord 2014; 29:451. [PMID: 24700468 DOI: 10.1002/mds.25879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany, Maria-Goeppert-Str. 1, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
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47
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Morais VA, Haddad D, Craessaerts K, De Bock PJ, Swerts J, Vilain S, Aerts L, Overbergh L, Grünewald A, Seibler P, Klein C, Gevaert K, Verstreken P, De Strooper B. PINK1 loss-of-function mutations affect mitochondrial complex I activity via NdufA10 ubiquinone uncoupling. Science 2014; 344:203-7. [PMID: 24652937 DOI: 10.1126/science.1249161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Under resting conditions, Pink1 knockout cells and cells derived from patients with PINK1 mutations display a loss of mitochondrial complex I reductive activity, causing a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential. Analyzing the phosphoproteome of complex I in liver and brain from Pink1(-/-) mice, we found specific loss of phosphorylation of serine-250 in complex I subunit NdufA10. Phosphorylation of serine-250 was needed for ubiquinone reduction by complex I. Phosphomimetic NdufA10 reversed Pink1 deficits in mouse knockout cells and rescued mitochondrial depolarization and synaptic transmission defects in pink(B9)-null mutant Drosophila. Complex I deficits and adenosine triphosphate synthesis were also rescued in cells derived from PINK1 patients. Thus, this evolutionary conserved pathway may contribute to the pathogenic cascade that eventually leads to Parkinson's disease in patients with PINK1 mutations.
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48
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Doss S, Lohmann K, Seibler P, Arns B, Klopstock T, Zühlke C, Freimann K, Winkler S, Lohnau T, Drungowski M, Nürnberg P, Wiegers K, Lohmann E, Naz S, Kasten M, Bohner G, Ramirez A, Endres M, Klein C. Recessive dystonia-ataxia syndrome in a Turkish family caused by a COX20 (FAM36A) mutation. J Neurol 2013; 261:207-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-013-7177-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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49
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Trilck M, Hübner R, Seibler P, Klein C, Rolfs A, Frech MJ. Niemann-Pick type C1 patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells display disease specific hallmarks. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2013; 8:144. [PMID: 24044630 PMCID: PMC3848807 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-8-144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Niemann-Pick type C1 disease (NPC1) is a rare progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the NPC1 gene. In this lysosomal storage disorder the intracellular transport and sequestration of several lipids like cholesterol is severely impaired, resulting in an accumulation of lipids in late endosomes and lysosomes. The neurological manifestation of the disease is caused by dysfunction and cell death in the central nervous system. Several animal models were used to analyze the impaired pathways. However, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms are still not completely understood and the genetic variability in humans cannot be reflected in these models. Therefore, a human model using patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells provides a promising approach. Methods We reprogrammed human fibroblasts from a NPC1 patient and a healthy control by retroviral transduction with Oct4, Klf4, Sox2 and c-Myc. The obtained human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were characterized by immunocytochemical analyses. Neural progenitor cells were generated and patch clamp recordings were performed for a functional analysis of derived neuronal cells. Filipin stainings and the Amplex Red assay were used to demonstrate and quantify cholesterol accumulation. Results The hiPSCs expressed different stem cell markers, e.g. Nanog, Tra-1-81 and SSEA4. Using the embryoid body assay, the cells were differentiated in cells of all three germ layers and induced teratoma in immunodeficient mice, demonstrating their pluripotency. In addition, neural progenitor cells were derived and differentiated into functional neuronal cells. Patch clamp recordings revealed voltage dependent channels, spontaneous action potentials and postsynaptic currents. The accumulation of cholesterol in different tissues is the main hallmark of NPC1. In this study we found an accumulation of cholesterol in fibroblasts of a NPC1 patient, derived hiPSCs, and neural progenitor cells, but not in cells derived from fibroblasts of a healthy individual. These findings were quantified by the Amplex Red assay, demonstrating a significantly elevated cholesterol level in cells derived from fibroblasts of a NPC1 patient. Conclusions We generated a neuronal model based on induced pluripotent stem cells derived from patient fibroblasts, providing a human in vitro model to study the pathogenic mechanisms of NPC1 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Trilck
- Albrecht-Kossel-Institute for Neuroregeneration (AKos), University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Strasse 20, D-18147 Rostock, Germany.
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50
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Arif B, Kumar KR, Seibler P, Vulinovic F, Fatima A, Winkler S, Nürnberg G, Thiele H, Nürnberg P, Jamil AZ, Brüggemann A, Abbas G, Klein C, Naz S, Lohmann K. A novel OPA3 mutation revealed by exome sequencing: an example of reverse phenotyping. JAMA Neurol 2013; 70:783-7. [PMID: 23700088 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE We sought to unravel the genetic cause in a consanguineous Pakistani family with a complex neurological phenotype. OBSERVATIONS Neurological and ophthalmological examination, including videotaping and fundoscopy, and genetic investigations, including homozygosity mapping and exome sequencing, were performed at the University of the Punjab and the University of Lübeck. Participants included 2 severely affected cousins from consanguineous parents, 10 of their reportedly unaffected relatives, and 342 Pakistani controls. Motor symptoms in the 2 patients started at the age of 3 to 4 years and included chorea, cerebellar ataxia, dystonia, and pyramidal tract signs. Genome-wide genotyping delineated 2 regions of homozygosity on chromosomes 13q12.11 to 13q12.13 and 19q12 to 19q13.41. Exome sequencing revealed 2 rare, homozygous variants (c.32 T>A [p.L11Q] in OPA3 and c.941 C>G [p.A314G] in TSHZ3) that segregated with the disease. Only the OPA3 variant was absent in the control subjects and predicted to be damaging. Subsequent ophthalmological assessment revealed bilateral optic atrophy in both patients. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Mutations in OPA3 have been reported in Costeff optic atrophy syndrome. We identify a novel missense mutation in OPA3 as the cause of a complex neurological disorder, expanding the OPA3 -linked phenotype by early-onset pyramidal tract signs and marked lower limb dystonia. Investigation of optic atrophy was initiated only after genetic analysis, a phenomenon referred to as reverse phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beenish Arif
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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