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Bowen ER, DiGiacomo P, Fraser HP, Guttenplan K, Smith BAH, Heberling ML, Vidano L, Shah N, Shamloo M, Wilson JL, Grimes KV. Beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonism alters astrocyte phagocytic activity and has potential applications to psychiatric disease. Discov Ment Health 2023; 3:27. [PMID: 38036718 PMCID: PMC10689618 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a debilitating condition necessitating more efficacious therapies. Previous studies suggested that schizophrenia development is associated with aberrant synaptic pruning by glial cells. We pursued an interdisciplinary approach to understand whether therapeutic reduction in glial cell-specifically astrocytic-phagocytosis might benefit neuropsychiatric patients. We discovered that beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) agonists reduced phagocytosis using a high-throughput, phenotypic screen of over 3200 compounds in primary human fetal astrocytes. We used protein interaction pathways analysis to associate ADRB2, to schizophrenia and endocytosis. We demonstrated that patients with a pediatric exposure to salmeterol, an ADRB2 agonist, had reduced in-patient psychiatry visits using a novel observational study in the electronic health record. We used a mouse model of inflammatory neurodegenerative disease and measured changes in proteins associated with endocytosis and vesicle-mediated transport after ADRB2 agonism. These results provide substantial rationale for clinical consideration of ADRB2 agonists as possible therapies for patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen R Bowen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Phillip DiGiacomo
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hannah P Fraser
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Guttenplan
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Benjamin A H Smith
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marlene L Heberling
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Laura Vidano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nigam Shah
- Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mehrdad Shamloo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Wilson
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Kevin V Grimes
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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2
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Tran D, DiGiacomo P, Born DE, Georgiadis M, Zeineh M. Iron and Alzheimer's Disease: From Pathology to Imaging. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:838692. [PMID: 35911597 PMCID: PMC9327617 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.838692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating brain disorder that afflicts millions worldwide with no effective treatment. Currently, AD progression has primarily been characterized by abnormal accumulations of β-amyloid within plaques and phosphorylated tau within neurofibrillary tangles, giving rise to neurodegeneration due to synaptic and neuronal loss. While β-amyloid and tau deposition are required for clinical diagnosis of AD, presence of such abnormalities does not tell the complete story, and the actual mechanisms behind neurodegeneration in AD progression are still not well understood. Support for abnormal iron accumulation playing a role in AD pathogenesis includes its presence in the early stages of the disease, its interactions with β-amyloid and tau, and the important role it plays in AD related inflammation. In this review, we present the existing evidence of pathological iron accumulation in the human AD brain, as well as discuss the imaging tools and peripheral measures available to characterize iron accumulation and dysregulation in AD, which may help in developing iron-based biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Tran
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Phillip DiGiacomo
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Donald E. Born
- Department of Pathology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Marios Georgiadis
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Michael Zeineh
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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3
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Yedavalli V, DiGiacomo P, Tong E, Zeineh M. High-resolution Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2021; 29:13-39. [PMID: 33237013 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
High-resolution 7-T imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping produce greater anatomic detail compared with conventional strengths because of improvements in signal/noise ratio and contrast. The exquisite anatomic details of deep structures, including delineation of microscopic architecture using advanced techniques such as quantitative susceptibility mapping, allows improved detection of abnormal findings thought to be imperceptible on clinical strengths. This article reviews caveats and techniques for translating sequences commonly used on 1.5 or 3 T to high-resolution 7-T imaging. It discusses for several broad disease categories how high-resolution 7-T imaging can advance the understanding of various diseases, improve diagnosis, and guide management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Yedavalli
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room S047, Stanford, CA 94305-5105, USA; Division of Neuroradiology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 N. Wolfe St. B-112 D, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Phillip DiGiacomo
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Lucas Center for Imaging, Room P271, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, CA 94305-5488, USA
| | - Elizabeth Tong
- Department of Radiology, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room S031, Stanford, CA 94305-5105, USA
| | - Michael Zeineh
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Lucas Center for Imaging, Room P271, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, CA 94305-5488, USA.
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McAllister D, Akers C, Boldt B, Mitchell LA, Tranvinh E, Douglas D, Goubran M, Rosenberg J, Georgiadis M, Karimpoor M, DiGiacomo P, Mouchawar N, Grant G, Camarillo D, Wintermark M, Zeineh MM. Neuroradiologic Evaluation of MRI in High-Contact Sports. Front Neurol 2021; 12:701948. [PMID: 34456852 PMCID: PMC8385770 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.701948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Athletes participating in high-contact sports experience repeated head trauma. Anatomical findings, such as a cavum septum pellucidum, prominent CSF spaces, and hippocampal volume reductions, have been observed in cases of mild traumatic brain injury. The extent to which these neuroanatomical findings are associated with high-contact sports is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are subtle neuroanatomic differences between athletes participating in high-contact sports compared to low-contact athletic controls. Materials and Methods: We performed longitudinal structural brain MRI scans in 63 football (high-contact) and 34 volleyball (low-contact control) male collegiate athletes with up to 4 years of follow-up, evaluating a total of 315 MRI scans. Board-certified neuroradiologists performed semi-quantitative visual analysis of neuroanatomic findings, including: cavum septum pellucidum type and size, extent of perivascular spaces, prominence of CSF spaces, white matter hyperintensities, arterial spin labeling perfusion asymmetries, fractional anisotropy holes, and hippocampal size. Results: At baseline, cavum septum pellucidum length was greater in football compared to volleyball controls (p = 0.02). All other comparisons were statistically equivalent after multiple comparison correction. Within football at baseline, the following trends that did not survive multiple comparison correction were observed: more years of prior football exposure exhibited a trend toward more perivascular spaces (p = 0.03 uncorrected), and lower baseline Standardized Concussion Assessment Tool scores toward more perivascular spaces (p = 0.02 uncorrected) and a smaller right hippocampal size (p = 0.02 uncorrected). Conclusion: Head impacts in high-contact sport (football) athletes may be associated with increased cavum septum pellucidum length compared to low-contact sport (volleyball) athletic controls. Other investigated neuroradiology metrics were generally equivalent between sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek McAllister
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Carolyn Akers
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Brian Boldt
- Department of Radiology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Department of Radiology, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA, United States
| | - Lex A Mitchell
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Hawaii Permanente Medical Group, Honolulu, HI, United States.,John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Eric Tranvinh
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - David Douglas
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Maged Goubran
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program and Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jarrett Rosenberg
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Marios Georgiadis
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Mahta Karimpoor
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Phillip DiGiacomo
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Nicole Mouchawar
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Gerald Grant
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - David Camarillo
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Max Wintermark
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Michael M Zeineh
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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Carlson ML, Toueg TN, Khalighi MM, Castillo J, Shen B, Azevedo EC, DiGiacomo P, Mouchawar N, Chau G, Zaharchuk G, James ML, Mormino EC, Zeineh MM. Hippocampal subfield imaging and fractional anisotropy show parallel changes in Alzheimer's disease tau progression using simultaneous tau-PET/MRI at 3T. Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2021; 13:e12218. [PMID: 34337132 PMCID: PMC8319659 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized primarily by abnormal aggregation of two proteins, tau and amyloid beta. We assessed tau pathology and white matter connectivity changes in subfields of the hippocampus simultaneously in vivo in AD. METHODS Twenty-four subjects were scanned using simultaneous time-of-flight 18F-PI-2620 tau positron emission tomography/3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging and automated segmentation. RESULTS We observed extensive tau elevation in the entorhinal/perirhinal regions, intermediate tau elevation in cornu ammonis 1/subiculum, and an absence of tau elevation in the dentate gyrus, relative to controls. Diffusion tensor imaging showed parahippocampal gyral fractional anisotropy was lower in AD and mild cognitive impairment compared to controls and strongly correlated with early tau accumulation in the entorhinal and perirhinal cortices. DISCUSSION This study demonstrates the potential for quantifiable patterns of 18F-PI2620 binding in hippocampus subfields, accompanied by diffusion and volume metrics, to be valuable markers of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tyler N. Toueg
- Department of NeurologyStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Jessa Castillo
- Department of RadiologyStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Bin Shen
- Department of RadiologyStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Phillip DiGiacomo
- Department of BioengineeringStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Gustavo Chau
- Department of BioengineeringStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Greg Zaharchuk
- Department of RadiologyStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Michelle L. James
- Department of NeurologyStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
- Department of RadiologyStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
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6
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Carlson ML, Toueg T, Corso N, Khalighi M, DiGiacomo P, Zaharchuk G, James ML, Greicius MD, Mormino EC, Zeineh M. Fractional anisotropy and tau‐PET show parallel changes in amnestic AD, MCI, and controls in the medial temporal lobe. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.045305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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7
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DiGiacomo P, Maclaren J, Aksoy M, Tong E, Carlson M, Lanzman B, Hashmi S, Watkins R, Rosenberg J, Burns B, Skloss TW, Rettmann D, Rutt B, Bammer R, Zeineh M. A within-coil optical prospective motion-correction system for brain imaging at 7T. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:1661-1671. [PMID: 32077521 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Motion artifact limits the clinical translation of high-field MR. We present an optical prospective motion correction system for 7 Tesla MRI using a custom-built, within-coil camera to track an optical marker mounted on a subject. METHODS The camera was constructed to fit between the transmit-receive coils with direct line of sight to a forehead-mounted marker, improving upon prior mouthpiece work at 7 Tesla MRI. We validated the system by acquiring a 3D-IR-FSPGR on a phantom with deliberate motion applied. The same 3D-IR-FSPGR and a 2D gradient echo were then acquired on 7 volunteers, with/without deliberate motion and with/without motion correction. Three neuroradiologists blindly assessed image quality. In 1 subject, an ultrahigh-resolution 2D gradient echo with 4 averages was acquired with motion correction. Four single-average acquisitions were then acquired serially, with the subject allowed to move between acquisitions. A fifth single-average 2D gradient echo was acquired following subject removal and reentry. RESULTS In both the phantom and human subjects, deliberate and involuntary motion were well corrected. Despite marked levels of motion, high-quality images were produced without spurious artifacts. The quantitative ratings confirmed significant improvements in image quality in the absence and presence of deliberate motion across both acquisitions (P < .001). The system enabled ultrahigh-resolution visualization of the hippocampus during a long scan and robust alignment of serially acquired scans with interspersed movement. CONCLUSION We demonstrate the use of a within-coil camera to perform optical prospective motion correction and ultrahigh-resolution imaging at 7 Tesla MRI. The setup does not require a mouthpiece, which could improve accessibility of motion correction during 7 Tesla MRI exams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip DiGiacomo
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Julian Maclaren
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Murat Aksoy
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Elizabeth Tong
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Mackenzie Carlson
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Bryan Lanzman
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Syed Hashmi
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Ronald Watkins
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | - Brian Burns
- Applied Sciences Lab West, GE Healthcare, Menlo Park, California
| | | | - Dan Rettmann
- MR Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Brian Rutt
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Roland Bammer
- Department of Radiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael Zeineh
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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8
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Lundh T, Suh GY, DiGiacomo P, Cheng C. A Lagrangian cylindrical coordinate system for characterizing dynamic surface geometry of tubular anatomic structures. Med Biol Eng Comput 2018; 56:1659-1668. [PMID: 29500737 PMCID: PMC6096747 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-018-1801-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vascular morphology characterization is useful for disease diagnosis, risk stratification, treatment planning, and prediction of treatment durability. To quantify the dynamic surface geometry of tubular-shaped anatomic structures, we propose a simple, rigorous Lagrangian cylindrical coordinate system to monitor well-defined surface points. Specifically, the proposed system enables quantification of surface curvature and cross-sectional eccentricity. Using idealized software phantom examples, we validate the method's ability to accurately quantify longitudinal and circumferential surface curvature, as well as eccentricity and orientation of eccentricity. We then apply the method to several medical imaging data sets of human vascular structures to exemplify the utility of this coordinate system for analyzing morphology and dynamic geometric changes in blood vessels throughout the body. Graphical abstract Pointwise longitudinal curvature of a thoracic aortic endograft surface for systole and diastole, with their absolute difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjörn Lundh
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ga-Young Suh
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Phillip DiGiacomo
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christopher Cheng
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Malone T, Davidson M, DiGiacomo P, Gonçalves E, Knap T, Muelbert J, Parslow J, Sweijd N, Yanagai T, Yap H. Climate Change, Sustainable Development and Coastal Ocean Information Needs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proenv.2010.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Bachmann E, Golberg L, DiGiacomo P. Aspects of the determination of biphenyl hydroxylase activity in liver homogenates. I. Effect of the presence of mitochondria. Exp Mol Pathol 1970; 12:212-24. [PMID: 4392201 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4800(70)90051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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