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de Groot GA, Geisen S, Wubs ERJ, Meulenbroek L, Laros I, Snoek LB, Lammertsma DR, Hansen LH, Slim PA. The aerobiome uncovered: Multi-marker metabarcoding reveals potential drivers of turn-over in the full microbial community in the air. Environ Int 2021; 154:106551. [PMID: 33857708 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Air is a major conduit for the dispersal of organisms at the local and the global scale. Most research has focused on the dispersal of plants, vertebrates and human disease agents. However, the air represents a key dispersal medium also for bacteria, fungi and protists. Many of those represent potential pathogens of animals and plants and have until now gone largely unrecorded. Here we studied the turnover in composition of the entire aerobiome, the collective diversity of airborne microorganisms. For that we performed daily analyses of all prokaryotes and eukaryotes (including plants) using multi-marker high-throughput sequencing for a total of three weeks. We linked the resulting communities to local weather conditions, to assess determinants of aerobiome composition and distribution. We observed hundreds of microbial taxa, mostly belonging to spore-forming organisms including fungi, but also protists. Additionally, we detected many potential human- and plant-pathogens. Community composition fluctuated on a daily basis and was linked to concurrent weather conditions, particularly air pressure and temperature. Using network analyses, we identified taxonomically diverse groups of organisms with correlated temporal dynamics. In part, this was due to co-variation with environmental conditions, while we could also detect specific host-parasite interactions. This study provides the first full inventory of the aerobiome and identifies putative drivers of its dynamics in terms of taxon composition. This knowledge can help develop early warning systems against pathogens and improve our understanding of microbial dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Arjen de Groot
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Geisen
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - E R Jasper Wubs
- Sustainable Agroecosystems Group, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Liz Meulenbroek
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ivo Laros
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - L Basten Snoek
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Dennis R Lammertsma
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lars H Hansen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Pieter A Slim
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
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van Dobben HF, Wamelink GWW, Klimkowska A, Slim PA, van Til M. Year-round grazing to counteract effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition may aggravate these effects. Environ Pollut 2014; 195:226-231. [PMID: 25255971 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Excessive nitrogen input in natural ecosystems is a major threat to biodiversity. A coastal dune area near Amsterdam in the Netherlands suffers from high atmospheric nitrogen deposition affecting sensitive habitats such as fixed coastal dunes with herbaceous vegetation ('grey dunes'). To mitigate its effect year round grazing was applied from 2007 until 2012. In winter, when natural food supply is low, the cattle received supplementary hay that caused additional inputs of nitrogen. Estimates based on nitrogen contents of hay, as well as of manure, showed the input through winter feeding (c. 3-14 kg N ha(-1).y(-1)) is in the same order of magnitude as both the actual deposition (c. 17 kg N ha(-1).y(-1)) and the critical load for a number of herbaceous habitat types (10-15 kg N ha(-1).y(-1)). Locally, the effect of winter feeding adds to the effect of nitrogen redistribution within the area caused by the cattle's terrain usage. We conclude that winter feeding may aggravate effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F van Dobben
- Alterra, Wageningen University and Research Centre, POB 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - G W W Wamelink
- Alterra, Wageningen University and Research Centre, POB 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - A Klimkowska
- Alterra, Wageningen University and Research Centre, POB 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - P A Slim
- Alterra, Wageningen University and Research Centre, POB 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - M van Til
- Waternet, POB 94307, 1090 GJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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De Lange HJ, Paulissen MPCP, Slim PA. 'Halophyte filters': the potential of constructed wetlands for application in saline aquaculture. Int J Phytoremediation 2013; 15:352-364. [PMID: 23488001 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2012.702804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
World consumption of seafood continues to rise, but the seas and oceans are already over-exploited. Land-based (saline) aquaculture may offer a sustainable way to meet the growing demand for fish and shellfish. A major problem of aquaculture is nutrient waste, as most of the nutrients added through feed are released into the environment in dissolved form. Wetlands are nature's water purifiers. Constructed wetlands are commonly used to treat contaminated freshwater effluent. Experience with saline systems is more limited. This paper explores the potential of constructed saline wetlands for treating the nutrient-rich discharge from land-based saline aquaculture systems. The primary function of constructed wetlands is water purification, but other ancillary benefits can also be incorporated into treatment wetland designs. Marsh vegetation enhances landscape beauty and plant diversity, and wetlands may offer habitat for fauna and recreational areas. Various approaches can be taken in utilizing plants (halophytes, macro-algae, micro-algae) in the treatment of saline aquaculture effluent. Their strengths and weaknesses are reviewed here, and a conceptual framework is presented that takes into account economic and ecological benefits as well as spatial constraints. Use of the framework is demonstrated for assessing various saline aquaculture systems in the southwestern delta region of the Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J De Lange
- Alterra, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Wallage-Drees JM, Immink HJ, De Bruyn GJ, Slim PA. The use of fragment-identification to demonstrate short-term changes in the diet of rabbits. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.4098/at.arch.86-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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