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Chernova T, Mikshina P, Petrova A, Ibragimova N, Ageeva M, Gorshkova T. Rhamnogalacturonan I with β-(1,4)-Galactan Side Chains as an Ever-Present Component of Tertiary Cell Wall of Plant Fibers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17253. [PMID: 38139081 PMCID: PMC10743774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellulose-enriched tertiary cell walls present in many plant fibers have specific composition, architecture, machinery of formation, and function. To better understand the mechanisms underlying their mode of action and to reveal the peculiarities of fibers from different plant species, it is necessary to more deeply characterize the major components. Next to overwhelming cellulose, rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) is considered to be the key polymer of the tertiary cell wall; however, it has been isolated and biochemically characterized in very few plant species. Here, we add RG-I to the list from the phloem fibers of the Phaseolus vulgaris stem that was isolated and analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), dynamic light scattering, and immunolabeling, both within tissue and as an isolated polymer. Additionally, fibers with tertiary cell walls from nine species of dicotyledonous plants from the orders Malphigiales, Fabales, and Rosales were labeled with RG-I-related antibodies to check the presence of the polymer and compare the in situ presentation of its backbone and side chains. The obtained results confirm that RG-I is an obligatory polymer of the tertiary cell wall. However, there are differences in the structure of this polymer from various plant sources, and these peculiarities may be taxonomically related.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Chernova
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Growth Mechanisms, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, 420111 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Polina Mikshina
- Laboratory of Plant Glycobiology, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (P.M.); (N.I.)
| | - Anna Petrova
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Growth Mechanisms, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, 420111 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Nadezhda Ibragimova
- Laboratory of Plant Glycobiology, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (P.M.); (N.I.)
| | - Marina Ageeva
- Microscopy Cabinet, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, 420111 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Tatyana Gorshkova
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Growth Mechanisms, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, 420111 Kazan, Russia;
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Mokshina N, Panina A, Galinousky D, Sautkina O, Mikshina P. Transcriptome profiling of celery petiole tissues reveals peculiarities of the collenchyma cell wall formation. Planta 2022; 257:18. [PMID: 36538078 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptome and biochemical analyses are applied to individual plant cell types to reveal potential players involved in the molecular machinery of cell wall formation in specialized cells such as collenchyma. Plant collenchyma is a mechanical tissue characterized by an irregular, thickened cell wall and the ability to support cell elongation. The composition of the collenchyma cell wall resembles that of the primary cell wall and includes cellulose, xyloglucan, and pectin; lignin is absent. Thus, the processes associated with the formation of the primary cell wall in the collenchyma can be more pronounced compared to other tissues due to its thickening. Primary cell walls intrinsic to different tissues may differ in structure and composition, which should be reflected at the transcriptomic level. For the first time, we conducted transcriptome profiling of collenchyma strands isolated from young celery petioles and compared them with other tissues, such as parenchyma and vascular bundles. Genes encoding proteins involved in the primary cell wall formation during cell elongation, such as xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases, expansins, and leucine-rich repeat proteins, were significantly activated in the collenchyma. As the key players in the transcriptome orchestra of collenchyma, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase transcripts were characterized in more detail, including phylogeny and expression patterns. The comprehensive approach that included transcriptome and biochemical analyses allowed us to reveal peculiarities of collenchyma cell wall formation and modification, matching the abundance of upregulated transcripts and their potential substrates for revealed gene products. As a result, specific isoforms of multigene families were determined for further functional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Mokshina
- Laboratory of Plant Glycobiology, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, 420111, Kazan, Russia.
| | - Anastasia Panina
- Laboratory of Plant Glycobiology, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, 420111, Kazan, Russia
| | - Dmitry Galinousky
- Laboratory of Plant Glycobiology, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, 420111, Kazan, Russia
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576, CNRS, Université de Lille, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Olga Sautkina
- Laboratory of Plant Glycobiology, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, 420111, Kazan, Russia
| | - Polina Mikshina
- Laboratory of Plant Glycobiology, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, 420111, Kazan, Russia
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Islamov B, Petrova O, Mikshina P, Kadyirov A, Vorob’ev V, Gogolev Y, Gorshkov V. The Role of Pectobacterium atrosepticum Exopolysaccharides in Plant-Pathogen Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12781. [PMID: 34884586 PMCID: PMC8657720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The phytopathogenic bacterium Pectobacterium atrosepticum (Pba), one of the members of the soft rot Pectobacteriaceae, forms biofilm-like structures known as bacterial emboli when colonizing the primary xylem vessels of the host plants. The initial extracellular matrix of the bacterial emboli is composed of the host plant's pectic polysaccharides, which are gradually substituted by the Pba-produced exopolysaccharides (Pba EPS) as the bacterial emboli "mature". No information about the properties of Pba EPS and their possible roles in Pba-plant interactions has so far been obtained. We have shown that Pba EPS possess physical properties that can promote the maintenance of the structural integrity of bacterial emboli. These polymers increase the viscosity of liquids and form large supramolecular aggregates. The formation of Pba EPS aggregates is provided (at least partly) by the acetyl groups of the Pba EPS molecules. Besides, Pba EPS scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), the accumulation of which is known to be associated with the formation of bacterial emboli. In addition, Pba EPS act as suppressors of the quantitative immunity of plants, repressing PAMP-induced reactions; this property is partly lost in the deacetylated form of Pba EPS. Overall, our study shows that Pba EPS play structural, protective, and immunosuppressive roles during Pba-plant interactions and thus should be considered as virulence factors of these bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakhtiyar Islamov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (B.I.); (O.P.); (P.M.); (V.V.); (Y.G.)
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Olga Petrova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (B.I.); (O.P.); (P.M.); (V.V.); (Y.G.)
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Polina Mikshina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (B.I.); (O.P.); (P.M.); (V.V.); (Y.G.)
| | - Aidar Kadyirov
- Institute of Power Engineering and Advanced Technologies, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Vladimir Vorob’ev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (B.I.); (O.P.); (P.M.); (V.V.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yuri Gogolev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (B.I.); (O.P.); (P.M.); (V.V.); (Y.G.)
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Vladimir Gorshkov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (B.I.); (O.P.); (P.M.); (V.V.); (Y.G.)
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia
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Gorshkov V, Tsers I, Islamov B, Ageeva M, Gogoleva N, Mikshina P, Parfirova O, Gogoleva O, Petrova O, Gorshkova T, Gogolev Y. The Modification of Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharides in Potato Plants during Pectobacterium atrosepticum-Caused Infection. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10071407. [PMID: 34371610 PMCID: PMC8309280 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Our study is the first to consider the changes in the entire set of matrix plant cell wall (PCW) polysaccharides in the course of a plant infectious disease. We compared the molecular weight distribution, monosaccharide content, and the epitope distribution of pectic compounds and cross-linking glycans in non-infected potato plants and plants infected with Pectobacterium atrosepticum at the initial and advanced stages of plant colonization by the pathogen. To predict the gene products involved in the modification of the PCW polysaccharide skeleton during the infection, the expression profiles of potato and P. atrosepticum PCW-related genes were analyzed by RNA-Seq along with phylogenetic analysis. The assemblage of P. atrosepticum biofilm-like structures—the bacterial emboli—and the accumulation of specific fragments of pectic compounds that prime the formation of these structures were demonstrated within potato plants (a natural host of P. atrosepticum). Collenchyma was shown to be the most “vulnerable” tissue to P. atrosepticum among the potato stem tissues. The infection caused by the representative of the Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae was shown to affect not only pectic compounds but also cross-linking glycans; the content of the latter was increased in the infected plants compared to the non-infected ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Gorshkov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (B.I.); (M.A.); (N.G.); (P.M.); (O.P.); (O.P.); (T.G.); (Y.G.)
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (I.T.); (O.G.)
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420111 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ivan Tsers
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (I.T.); (O.G.)
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Bakhtiyar Islamov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (B.I.); (M.A.); (N.G.); (P.M.); (O.P.); (O.P.); (T.G.); (Y.G.)
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (I.T.); (O.G.)
| | - Marina Ageeva
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (B.I.); (M.A.); (N.G.); (P.M.); (O.P.); (O.P.); (T.G.); (Y.G.)
| | - Natalia Gogoleva
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (B.I.); (M.A.); (N.G.); (P.M.); (O.P.); (O.P.); (T.G.); (Y.G.)
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (I.T.); (O.G.)
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Polina Mikshina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (B.I.); (M.A.); (N.G.); (P.M.); (O.P.); (O.P.); (T.G.); (Y.G.)
| | - Olga Parfirova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (B.I.); (M.A.); (N.G.); (P.M.); (O.P.); (O.P.); (T.G.); (Y.G.)
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (I.T.); (O.G.)
| | - Olga Gogoleva
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (I.T.); (O.G.)
| | - Olga Petrova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (B.I.); (M.A.); (N.G.); (P.M.); (O.P.); (O.P.); (T.G.); (Y.G.)
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (I.T.); (O.G.)
| | - Tatyana Gorshkova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (B.I.); (M.A.); (N.G.); (P.M.); (O.P.); (O.P.); (T.G.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yuri Gogolev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (B.I.); (M.A.); (N.G.); (P.M.); (O.P.); (O.P.); (T.G.); (Y.G.)
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (I.T.); (O.G.)
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420111 Kazan, Russia
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5
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Ibragimova N, Mokshina N, Ageeva M, Gurjanov O, Mikshina P. Rearrangement of the Cellulose-Enriched Cell Wall in Flax Phloem Fibers over the Course of the Gravitropic Reaction. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155322. [PMID: 32727025 PMCID: PMC7432630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant cell wall is a complex structure consisting of a polysaccharide network. The rearrangements of the cell wall during the various physiological reactions of plants, however, are still not fully characterized. Profound changes in cell wall organization are detected by microscopy in the phloem fibers of flax (Linum usitatissimum) during the restoration of the vertical position of the inclined stems. To characterize the underlying biochemical and structural changes in the major cell wall polysaccharides, we compared the fiber cell walls of non-inclined and gravistimulated plants by focusing mainly on differences in non-cellulosic polysaccharides and the fine cellulose structure. Biochemical analysis revealed a slight increase in the content of pectins in the fiber cell walls of gravistimulated plants as well as an increase in accessibility for labeling non-cellulosic polysaccharides. The presence of galactosylated xyloglucan in the gelatinous cell wall layer of flax fibers was demonstrated, and its labeling was more pronounced in the gravistimulated plants. Using solid state NMR, an increase in the crystallinity of the cellulose in gravistimulated plants, along with a decrease in cellulose mobility, was demonstrated. Thus, gravistimulation may affect the rearrangement of the cell wall, which can enable restoration in a vertical position of the plant stem.
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Chernova T, Ageeva M, Mikshina P, Trofimova O, Kozlova L, Lev-Yadun S, Gorshkova T. The Living Fossil Psilotum nudum Has Cortical Fibers With Mannan-Based Cell Wall Matrix. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:488. [PMID: 32411161 PMCID: PMC7199214 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cell wall thickening and development of secondary cell walls was a major step in plant terrestrialization that provided the mechanical support, effective functioning of water-conducting elements and fortification of the surface tissues. Despite its importance, the diversity, emergence and evolution of secondary cell walls in early land plants have been characterized quite poorly. Secondary cell walls can be present in different cell types with fibers being among the major ones. The necessity for mechanical support upon increasing plant height is widely recognized; however, identification of fibers in land plants of early taxa is quite limited. In an effort to partially fill this gap, we studied the fibers and the composition of cell walls in stems of the sporophyte of the living fossil Psilotum nudum. Various types of light microscopy, combined with partial tissue maceration demonstrated that this perennial, rootless, fern-like vascular plant, has abundant fibers located in the middle cortex. Extensive immunodetection of cell wall polymers together with various staining and monosaccharide analysis of cell wall constituents revealed that in P. nudum, the secondary cell wall of its cortical fibers is distinct from that of its tracheids. Primary cell walls of all tissues in P. nudum shoots are based on mannan, which is also common in other extant early land plants. Besides, the primary cell wall contains epitope for LM15 specific for xyloglucan and JIM7 that binds methylesterified homogalacturonans, two polymers common in the primary cell walls of higher plants. Xylan and lignin were detected as the major polymers in the secondary cell walls of P. nudum tracheids. However, the secondary cell wall in its cortical fibers is quite similar to their primary cell walls, i.e., enriched in mannan. The innermost secondary cell wall layer of its fibers but not its tracheids has epitope to bind the LM15, LM6, and LM5 antibodies recognizing, respectively, xyloglucan, arabinan and galactan. Together, our data provide the first description of a mannan-based cell wall in sclerenchyma fibers, and demonstrate in detail that the composition and structure of secondary cell wall in early land plants are not uniform in different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Chernova
- The Laboratory of Plant Cell Growth Mechanisms, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
| | - Marina Ageeva
- Microscopy Cabinet, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
| | - Polina Mikshina
- Laboratory of Plant Glycobiology, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
| | - Oksana Trofimova
- The Laboratory of Plant Cell Growth Mechanisms, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
| | - Liudmila Kozlova
- The Laboratory of Plant Cell Growth Mechanisms, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
| | - Simcha Lev-Yadun
- Department of Biology and Environment, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa-Oranim, Tivon, Israel
| | - Tatyana Gorshkova
- The Laboratory of Plant Cell Growth Mechanisms, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
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Larskaya I, Gorshkov O, Mokshina N, Trofimova O, Mikshina P, Klepikova A, Gogoleva N, Gorshkova T. Stimulation of adventitious root formation by the oligosaccharin OSRG at the transcriptome level. Plant Signal Behav 2019; 15:1703503. [PMID: 31851577 PMCID: PMC7012187 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1703503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Oligosaccharins, which are biologically active oligosaccharide fragments of cell wall polysaccharides, may regulate the processes of growth and development as well as the response to stress factors. We characterized the effect of the oligosaccharin that stimulates rhizogenesis (OSRG) on the gene expression profile in the course of IAA-induced formation of adventitious roots in hypocotyl explants of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.). The transcriptomes at two stages of IAA-induced root primordium formation (6 h and 24 h after induction) were compared after either treatment with auxin alone or joint treatment with auxin and OSRG. The set of differentially expressed genes indicated the special importance of oligosaccharin at the early stage of auxin-induced adventitious root formation. The list of genes with altered mRNA abundance in the presence of oligosaccharin included those, which Arabidopsis homologs encode proteins directly involved in the response to auxin as well as proteins that contribute to redox regulation, detoxification of various compounds, vesicle trafficking, and cell wall modification. The obtained results contribute to understanding the mechanism of adventitious root formation and demonstrate that OSRG is involved in fine-tuning of ROS and auxin regulatory modes involved in root development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Larskaya
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
| | - Oleg Gorshkov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
| | - Natalia Mokshina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
| | - Oksana Trofimova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
| | - Polina Mikshina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
| | - Anna Klepikova
- Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Gogoleva
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
- Laboratory of Extreme Biology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Tatyana Gorshkova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
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8
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Gorshkova T, Chernova T, Mokshina N, Ageeva M, Mikshina P. Plant 'muscles': fibers with a tertiary cell wall. New Phytol 2018; 218:66-72. [PMID: 29364532 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plants, although sessile organisms, are nonetheless able to move their body parts; for example, during root contraction of geophytes or in the gravitropic reaction by woody stems. One of the major mechanisms enabling these movements is the development of specialized structures that possess contractile properties. Quite unlike animal muscles, for which the action is driven by protein-protein interactions in the protoplasma, the action of plant 'muscles' is polysaccharide-based and located in the uniquely designed, highly cellulosic cell wall that is deposited specifically in fibers. This review describes the development of such cell walls as a widespread phenomenon in the plant kingdom, gives reasons why it should be considered as a tertiary cell wall, and discusses the mechanism of action of the 'muscles'. The origin of the contractile properties lies in the tension of the axially oriented cellulose microfibrils due to entrapment of rhamnogalacturonan-I aggregates that limits the lateral interaction of microfibrils. Long side chains of the nascent rhamnogalacturonan-I are trimmed off during cell wall maturation leading to tension development. Similarities in the tertiary cell wall design in fibers of different plant origin indicate that the basic principles of tension creation may be universal in various ecophysiological situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Gorshkova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan, 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana Chernova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan, 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia Mokshina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan, 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Marina Ageeva
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan, 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Polina Mikshina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, Kazan, 420111, Russian Federation
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9
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Gorshkov V, Islamov B, Mikshina P, Petrova O, Burygin G, Sigida E, Shashkov A, Daminova A, Ageeva M, Idiyatullin B, Salnikov V, Zuev Y, Gorshkova T, Gogolev Y. Pectobacterium atrosepticum exopolysaccharides: identification, molecular structure, formation under stress and in planta conditions. Glycobiology 2017; 27:1016-1026. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwx069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Gorshkov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str. 2/31, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
- Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street,18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Bakhtiyar Islamov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str. 2/31, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
- Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street,18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Polina Mikshina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str. 2/31, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Olga Petrova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str. 2/31, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Gennady Burygin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Entuziastov, 13, 410049 Saratov, Russia
| | - Elena Sigida
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Entuziastov, 13, 410049 Saratov, Russia
| | - Alexander Shashkov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Amina Daminova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str. 2/31, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Marina Ageeva
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str. 2/31, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Bulat Idiyatullin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str. 2/31, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Vadim Salnikov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str. 2/31, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
- Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street,18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Yuriy Zuev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str. 2/31, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
- Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street,18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Tatyana Gorshkova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str. 2/31, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Yuri Gogolev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str. 2/31, P.O. Box 30, 420111 Kazan, Russia
- Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street,18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
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Gorshkova T, Mokshina N, Chernova T, Ibragimova N, Salnikov V, Mikshina P, Tryfona T, Banasiak A, Immerzeel P, Dupree P, Mellerowicz EJ. Aspen Tension Wood Fibers Contain β-(1---> 4)-Galactans and Acidic Arabinogalactans Retained by Cellulose Microfibrils in Gelatinous Walls. Plant Physiol 2015; 169:2048-63. [PMID: 26378099 PMCID: PMC4634055 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Contractile cell walls are found in various plant organs and tissues such as tendrils, contractile roots, and tension wood. The tension-generating mechanism is not known but is thought to involve special cell wall architecture. We previously postulated that tension could result from the entrapment of certain matrix polymers within cellulose microfibrils. As reported here, this hypothesis was corroborated by sequential extraction and analysis of cell wall polymers that are retained by cellulose microfibrils in tension wood and normal wood of hybrid aspen (Populus tremula × Populus tremuloides). β-(1→4)-Galactan and type II arabinogalactan were the main large matrix polymers retained by cellulose microfibrils that were specifically found in tension wood. Xyloglucan was detected mostly in oligomeric form in the alkali-labile fraction and was enriched in tension wood. β-(1→4)-Galactan and rhamnogalacturonan I backbone epitopes were localized in the gelatinous cell wall layer. Type II arabinogalactans retained by cellulose microfibrils had a higher content of (methyl)glucuronic acid and galactose in tension wood than in normal wood. Thus, β-(1→4)-galactan and a specialized form of type II arabinogalactan are trapped by cellulose microfibrils specifically in tension wood and, thus, are the main candidate polymers for the generation of tensional stresses by the entrapment mechanism. We also found high β-galactosidase activity accompanying tension wood differentiation and propose a testable hypothesis that such activity might regulate galactan entrapment and, thus, mechanical properties of cell walls in tension wood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Gorshkova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia (T.G., N.M., T.C., N.I., V.S., P.M.);Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (T.T., P.D.);Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea Plant Science Centre, 90183 Umea, Sweden (A.B., P.I., E.J.M.); andInstitute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland (A.B.)
| | - Natalia Mokshina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia (T.G., N.M., T.C., N.I., V.S., P.M.);Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (T.T., P.D.);Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea Plant Science Centre, 90183 Umea, Sweden (A.B., P.I., E.J.M.); andInstitute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland (A.B.)
| | - Tatyana Chernova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia (T.G., N.M., T.C., N.I., V.S., P.M.);Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (T.T., P.D.);Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea Plant Science Centre, 90183 Umea, Sweden (A.B., P.I., E.J.M.); andInstitute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland (A.B.)
| | - Nadezhda Ibragimova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia (T.G., N.M., T.C., N.I., V.S., P.M.);Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (T.T., P.D.);Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea Plant Science Centre, 90183 Umea, Sweden (A.B., P.I., E.J.M.); andInstitute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland (A.B.)
| | - Vadim Salnikov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia (T.G., N.M., T.C., N.I., V.S., P.M.);Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (T.T., P.D.);Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea Plant Science Centre, 90183 Umea, Sweden (A.B., P.I., E.J.M.); andInstitute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland (A.B.)
| | - Polina Mikshina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia (T.G., N.M., T.C., N.I., V.S., P.M.);Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (T.T., P.D.);Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea Plant Science Centre, 90183 Umea, Sweden (A.B., P.I., E.J.M.); andInstitute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland (A.B.)
| | - Theodora Tryfona
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia (T.G., N.M., T.C., N.I., V.S., P.M.);Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (T.T., P.D.);Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea Plant Science Centre, 90183 Umea, Sweden (A.B., P.I., E.J.M.); andInstitute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland (A.B.)
| | - Alicja Banasiak
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia (T.G., N.M., T.C., N.I., V.S., P.M.);Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (T.T., P.D.);Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea Plant Science Centre, 90183 Umea, Sweden (A.B., P.I., E.J.M.); andInstitute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland (A.B.)
| | - Peter Immerzeel
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia (T.G., N.M., T.C., N.I., V.S., P.M.);Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (T.T., P.D.);Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea Plant Science Centre, 90183 Umea, Sweden (A.B., P.I., E.J.M.); andInstitute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland (A.B.)
| | - Paul Dupree
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia (T.G., N.M., T.C., N.I., V.S., P.M.);Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (T.T., P.D.);Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea Plant Science Centre, 90183 Umea, Sweden (A.B., P.I., E.J.M.); andInstitute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland (A.B.)
| | - Ewa J Mellerowicz
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia (T.G., N.M., T.C., N.I., V.S., P.M.);Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom (T.T., P.D.);Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea Plant Science Centre, 90183 Umea, Sweden (A.B., P.I., E.J.M.); andInstitute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland (A.B.)
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