Filtration techniques are advantageous over colloidal centrifugation in improving freezability of low-quality buffalo bull (Bubalus bubalis) ejaculates

The study compared efficacy of three sperm selection techniques in improving freezability of low-quality Murrah buffalo bull ejaculates. Sephadex (SEP), Sephadex ion-exchange filtration (SIE), and 40/80% BoviPure™ (BP) gradient centrifugation protocols were standardized (ejaculates, n = 24). In Experiment-I, Sephadex G-75, G-100, and combined Sephadex G (75-100) column filtrates were compared. In Experiment-II, BP protocols: 200 g-10 min, 250 g-5, and 10 min, 300 g-10, and 15 min were compared. In fresh semen, Sephadex G (75-100) filtration and 250 g-5 min BP protocol improved sperm functions and were used in Experiment-III, where SEP G (75-100), SIE G (75-100), and 250 g-5 min BP processed ejaculates (n = 48) were cryopreserved and compared at post-thaw stage. The mean recovery rate differed in order: SEP > SIE > BP. SIE filtration significantly improved progressive motility, livability, membrane integrity, bovine cervical mucus penetration and live non-apoptotic sperm. Compared with control, all three techniques equally reduced post-dilution and post-thaw lipid peroxidation (LPO) rate. SEP post-thaw filtrates observed lower cryocapacitation-like changes, LPO (C11-BODIPY581/591), and higher active mitochondria than other treatments. SIE and SEP equally improved post-thaw acrosome-intact sperm over BP. Filtration techniques, preferably, Sephadex ion-exchange filtration can most efficiently process low-quality buffalo bull ejaculates for cryopreservation and improve freezability.

Prescribing pattern of antidiabetic drugs in indore city hospital

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, glycosuria, and sometimes ketonemia. The present study was carried out to assess prescribing practice and general trend of diabetes among patients at the Bombay Hospital, Indore. Prescriptions and complete records of diabetic patients were monitored and data was filed as per WHO prescription proforma. The study revealed that prescription of metformin (27%) and glimepiride (22.60%) were found to be maximum among various available antidiabetic drugs. Category wise the maximum prescribed drugs are glimepride (22.60%, sulfonylurea category), metformin (27%, biguanide category) and pioglitazones (13.90%, glitazone category). Insulin prescription was found to be very less (4.5%). Combination of metformin and glimepiride (20.86%) was prescribed most commonly. Most common disease associated with diabetes mellitus was found to be hypertension (35%). Highest prevalence of disease was found to be in the age group of 51 to 60 followed by age group of 41 to 50. Men patients (66.36%) were found to be predominated over women patients (33.64%).