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Knierim E, Vogt J, Kintscher M, Ponomarenko A, Baumgart J, Beed P, Korotkova T, Trimbuch T, Panzer A, Steinlein OK, Stephani U, Escayg A, Koko M, Liu Y, Lerche H, Schmitz D, Nitsch R, Schuelke M. Mutations in plasticity-related-gene-1 (PRG-1) protein contribute to hippocampal seizure susceptibility and modify epileptic phenotype. Cereb Cortex 2023:7091604. [PMID: 36977636 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Phospholipid Phosphatase Related 4 gene (PLPPR4, *607813) encodes the Plasticity-Related-Gene-1 (PRG-1) protein. This cerebral synaptic transmembrane-protein modulates cortical excitatory transmission on glutamatergic neurons. In mice, homozygous Prg-1 deficiency causes juvenile epilepsy. Its epileptogenic potential in humans was unknown. Thus, we screened 18 patients with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) and 98 patients with benign familial neonatal/infantile seizures (BFNS/BFIS) for the presence of PLPPR4 variants. A girl with IESS had inherited a PLPPR4-mutation (c.896C > G, NM_014839; p.T299S) from her father and an SCN1A-mutation from her mother (c.1622A > G, NM_006920; p.N541S). The PLPPR4-mutation was located in the third extracellular lysophosphatidic acid-interacting domain and in-utero electroporation (IUE) of the Prg-1p.T300S construct into neurons of Prg-1 knockout embryos demonstrated its inability to rescue the electrophysiological knockout phenotype. Electrophysiology on the recombinant SCN1Ap.N541S channel revealed partial loss-of-function. Another PLPPR4 variant (c.1034C > G, NM_014839; p.R345T) that was shown to result in a loss-of-function aggravated a BFNS/BFIS phenotype and also failed to suppress glutamatergic neurotransmission after IUE. The aggravating effect of Plppr4-haploinsufficiency on epileptogenesis was further verified using the kainate-model of epilepsy: double heterozygous Plppr4-/+|Scn1awt|p.R1648H mice exhibited higher seizure susceptibility than either wild-type, Plppr4-/+, or Scn1awt|p.R1648H littermates. Our study shows that a heterozygous PLPPR4 loss-of-function mutation may have a modifying effect on BFNS/BFIS and on SCN1A-related epilepsy in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Knierim
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Vogt
- Department of Molecular and Translational Neuroscience, Institute of Anatomy II, Cluster of Excellence-Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Kintscher
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexey Ponomarenko
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Baumgart
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Neurophysiology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Translational Animal Research Center (TARC), University Medical Center Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Prateep Beed
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tatiana Korotkova
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thorsten Trimbuch
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Neurophysiology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Axel Panzer
- Pediatric Neurology, DRK Kliniken-Westend, 14050 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ortrud K Steinlein
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Stephani
- Department of Child and Adolescent Medicine II, University Medical Center of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrew Escayg
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Mahmoud Koko
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Holger Lerche
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Einstein Center for Neuroscience, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Nitsch
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Westfälische Wilhelms University, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Markus Schuelke
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
The hippocampal formation is critically involved in learning and memory and contains a large proportion of neurons encoding aspects of the organism’s spatial surroundings. In the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), this includes grid cells with their distinctive hexagonal firing fields as well as a host of other functionally defined cell types including head direction cells, speed cells, border cells, and object-vector cells. Such spatial coding emerges from the processing of external inputs by local microcircuits. However, it remains unclear exactly how local microcircuits and their dynamics within the MEC contribute to spatial discharge patterns. In this review we focus on recent investigations of intrinsic MEC connectivity, which have started to describe and quantify both excitatory and inhibitory wiring in the superficial layers of the MEC. Although the picture is far from complete, it appears that these layers contain robust recurrent connectivity that could sustain the attractor dynamics posited to underlie grid pattern formation. These findings pave the way to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying spatial navigation and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Tukker
- Network Dysfunction, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
| | - Prateep Beed
- NeuroScientific Research Center, Charite Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Brecht
- Systems Neuroscience, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard Kempter
- Department of Biology, Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humbolt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Edvard I Moser
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for the Biology of Memory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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3
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de Filippo R, Rost BR, Stumpf A, Cooper C, Tukker JJ, Harms C, Beed P, Schmitz D. Somatostatin interneurons activated by 5-HT 2A receptor suppress slow oscillations in medial entorhinal cortex. eLife 2021; 10:66960. [PMID: 33789079 PMCID: PMC8016478 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) is one of the major neuromodulators present in the mammalian brain and has been shown to play a role in multiple physiological processes. The mechanisms by which 5-HT modulates cortical network activity, however, are not yet fully understood. We investigated the effects of 5-HT on slow oscillations (SOs), a synchronized cortical network activity universally present across species. SOs are observed during anesthesia and are considered to be the default cortical activity pattern. We discovered that (±)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and fenfluramine, two potent 5-HT releasers, inhibit SOs within the entorhinal cortex (EC) in anesthetized mice. Combining opto- and pharmacogenetic manipulations with in vitro electrophysiological recordings, we uncovered that somatostatin-expressing (Sst) interneurons activated by the 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) play an important role in the suppression of SOs. Since 5-HT2AR signaling is involved in the etiology of different psychiatric disorders and mediates the psychological effects of many psychoactive serotonergic drugs, we propose that the newly discovered link between Sst interneurons and 5-HT will contribute to our understanding of these complex topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto de Filippo
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin R Rost
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Stumpf
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claire Cooper
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - John J Tukker
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Harms
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Experimental Neurology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Prateep Beed
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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4
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Beed P, de Filippo R, Holman C, Johenning FW, Leibold C, Caputi A, Monyer H, Schmitz D. Layer 3 Pyramidal Cells in the Medial Entorhinal Cortex Orchestrate Up-Down States and Entrain the Deep Layers Differentially. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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5
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Beed P, Ray S, Velasquez LM, Stumpf A, Parthier D, Swaminathan A, Nitzan N, Breustedt J, Las L, Brecht M, Schmitz D. Species-specific differences in synaptic transmission and plasticity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16557. [PMID: 33024184 PMCID: PMC7538572 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73547-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic transmission and plasticity in the hippocampus are integral factors in learning and memory. While there has been intense investigation of these critical mechanisms in the brain of rodents, we lack a broader understanding of the generality of these processes across species. We investigated one of the smallest animals with conserved hippocampal macroanatomy—the Etruscan shrew, and found that while synaptic properties and plasticity in CA1 Schaffer collateral synapses were similar to mice, CA3 mossy fiber synapses showed striking differences in synaptic plasticity between shrews and mice. Shrew mossy fibers have lower long term plasticity compared to mice. Short term plasticity and the expression of a key protein involved in it, synaptotagmin 7 were also markedly lower at the mossy fibers in shrews than in mice. We also observed similar lower expression of synaptotagmin 7 in the mossy fibers of bats that are evolutionarily closer to shrews than mice. Species specific differences in synaptic plasticity and the key molecules regulating it, highlight the evolutionary divergence of neuronal circuit functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateep Beed
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,Berlin Institute of Health, 10178, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Saikat Ray
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 6, 10115, Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
| | | | - Alexander Stumpf
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Parthier
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aarti Swaminathan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Noam Nitzan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Breustedt
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Liora Las
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michael Brecht
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 6, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,Berlin Institute of Health, 10178, Berlin, Germany. .,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 10117, Berlin, Germany. .,Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, 10117, Berlin, Germany. .,Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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6
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Tukker JJ, Beed P, Schmitz D, Larkum ME, Sachdev RNS. Up and Down States and Memory Consolidation Across Somatosensory, Entorhinal, and Hippocampal Cortices. Front Syst Neurosci 2020; 14:22. [PMID: 32457582 PMCID: PMC7227438 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2020.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the course of a day, brain states fluctuate, from conscious awake information-acquiring states to sleep states, during which previously acquired information is further processed and stored as memories. One hypothesis is that memories are consolidated and stored during "offline" states such as sleep, a process thought to involve transfer of information from the hippocampus to other cortical areas. Up and Down states (UDS), patterns of activity that occur under anesthesia and sleep states, are likely to play a role in this process, although the nature of this role remains unclear. Here we review what is currently known about these mechanisms in three anatomically distinct but interconnected cortical areas: somatosensory cortex, entorhinal cortex, and the hippocampus. In doing so, we consider the role of this activity in the coordination of "replay" during sleep states, particularly during hippocampal sharp-wave ripples. We conclude that understanding the generation and propagation of UDS may provide key insights into the cortico-hippocampal dialogue linking archi- and neocortical areas during memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Tukker
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Prateep Beed
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Berlin, Germany.,Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthew E Larkum
- Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Berlin, Germany.,Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Biologie, Humboldt Universität, Berlin, Germany
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7
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Nitzan N, McKenzie S, Beed P, English DF, Oldani S, Tukker JJ, Buzsáki G, Schmitz D. Propagation of hippocampal ripples to the neocortex by way of a subiculum-retrosplenial pathway. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1947. [PMID: 32327634 PMCID: PMC7181800 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15787-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bouts of high frequency activity known as sharp wave ripples (SPW-Rs) facilitate communication between the hippocampus and neocortex. However, the paths and mechanisms by which SPW-Rs broadcast their content are not well understood. Due to its anatomical positioning, the granular retrosplenial cortex (gRSC) may be a bridge for this hippocampo-cortical dialogue. Using silicon probe recordings in awake, head-fixed mice, we show the existence of SPW-R analogues in gRSC and demonstrate their coupling to hippocampal SPW-Rs. gRSC neurons reliably distinguished different subclasses of hippocampal SPW-Rs according to ensemble activity patterns in CA1. We demonstrate that this coupling is brain state-dependent, and delineate a topographically-organized anatomical pathway via VGlut2-expressing, bursty neurons in the subiculum. Optogenetic stimulation or inhibition of bursty subicular cells induced or reduced responses in superficial gRSC, respectively. These results identify a specific path and underlying mechanisms by which the hippocampus can convey neuronal content to the neocortex during SPW-Rs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Nitzan
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sam McKenzie
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurology New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Prateep Beed
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Fine English
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurology New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- School of Neuroscience, College of Science, Virginia Tech, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Silvia Oldani
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - John J Tukker
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - György Buzsáki
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurology New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany.
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Berlin, Germany.
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Berlin, Germany.
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8
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Brockmann MM, Maglione M, Willmes CG, Stumpf A, Bouazza BA, Velasquez LM, Grauel MK, Beed P, Lehmann M, Gimber N, Schmoranzer J, Sigrist SJ, Rosenmund C, Schmitz D. RIM-BP2 primes synaptic vesicles via recruitment of Munc13-1 at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses. eLife 2019; 8:43243. [PMID: 31535974 PMCID: PMC6752948 DOI: 10.7554/elife.43243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
All synapses require fusion-competent vesicles and coordinated Ca2+-secretion coupling for neurotransmission, yet functional and anatomical properties are diverse across different synapse types. We show that the presynaptic protein RIM-BP2 has diversified functions in neurotransmitter release at different central murine synapses and thus contributes to synaptic diversity. At hippocampal pyramidal CA3-CA1 synapses, RIM-BP2 loss has a mild effect on neurotransmitter release, by only regulating Ca2+-secretion coupling. However, at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses, RIM-BP2 has a substantial impact on neurotransmitter release by promoting vesicle docking/priming and vesicular release probability via stabilization of Munc13-1 at the active zone. We suggest that differences in the active zone organization may dictate the role a protein plays in synaptic transmission and that differences in active zone architecture is a major determinant factor in the functional diversity of synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa M Brockmann
- Institut für Neurophysiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marta Maglione
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Biologie, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany.,NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Stumpf
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Boris A Bouazza
- Institut für Neurophysiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura M Velasquez
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Katharina Grauel
- Institut für Neurophysiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Prateep Beed
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Niclas Gimber
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Stephan J Sigrist
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Biologie, Berlin, Germany.,NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany.,DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Rosenmund
- Institut für Neurophysiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany.,DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany.,Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Clemens AM, Lenschow C, Beed P, Li L, Sammons R, Naumann RK, Wang H, Schmitz D, Brecht M. Estrus-Cycle Regulation of Cortical Inhibition. Curr Biol 2019; 29:605-615.e6. [PMID: 30744972 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Female mammals experience cyclical changes in sexual receptivity known as the estrus cycle. Little is known about how estrus affects the cortex, although alterations in sensation, cognition and the cyclical occurrence of epilepsy suggest brain-wide processing changes. We performed in vivo juxtacellular and whole-cell recordings in somatosensory cortex of female rats and found that the estrus cycle potently altered cortical inhibition. Fast-spiking interneurons were strongly activated with social facial touch and varied their ongoing activity with the estrus cycle and estradiol in ovariectomized females, while regular-spiking excitatory neurons did not change. In situ hybridization for estrogen receptor β (Esr2) showed co-localization with parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons in deep cortical layers, mirroring the laminar distribution of our physiological findings. The fraction of neurons positive for estrogen receptor β (Esr2) and PV co-localization (Esr2+PV+) in cortical layer V was increased in proestrus. In vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that estrogen acts locally to increase fast-spiking interneuron excitability through an estrogen-receptor-β-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann M Clemens
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstraße 13, Haus 6, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Constanze Lenschow
- Champalimaud Center for the Unknown, Neurosciences, Avenida Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Prateep Beed
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Neuroscience Research Center, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lanxiang Li
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xueyuan Boulevard, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Rosanna Sammons
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Neuroscience Research Center, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert K Naumann
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xueyuan Boulevard, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xueyuan Boulevard, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Neuroscience Research Center, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Brecht
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstraße 13, Haus 6, 10115 Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Neuroscience Research Center, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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10
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Wozny C, Beed P, Nitzan N, Pössnecker Y, Rost BR, Schmitz D. VGLUT2 Functions as a Differential Marker for Hippocampal Output Neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:337. [PMID: 30333731 PMCID: PMC6176088 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The subiculum is the gatekeeper between the hippocampus and cortical areas. Yet, the lack of a pyramidal cell-specific marker gene has made the analysis of the subicular area very difficult. Here we report that the vesicular-glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) functions as a specific marker gene for subicular burst-firing neurons, and demonstrate that VGLUT2-Cre mice allow for Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2)-assisted connectivity analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wozny
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Prateep Beed
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Noam Nitzan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yona Pössnecker
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin R. Rost
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure – Cluster of Excellence, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Winterer J, Maier N, Wozny C, Beed P, Breustedt J, Evangelista R, Peng Y, D’Albis T, Kempter R, Schmitz D. Excitatory Microcircuits within Superficial Layers of the Medial Entorhinal Cortex. Cell Rep 2017; 19:1110-1116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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12
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Klein AS, Donoso JR, Kempter R, Schmitz D, Beed P. Early Cortical Changes in Gamma Oscillations in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Syst Neurosci 2016; 10:83. [PMID: 27833535 PMCID: PMC5080538 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2016.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The entorhinal cortices in the temporal lobe of the brain are key structures relaying memory related information between the neocortex and the hippocampus. The medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) routes spatial information, whereas the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) routes predominantly olfactory information to the hippocampus. Gamma oscillations are known to coordinate information transfer between brain regions by precisely timing population activity of neuronal ensembles. Here, we studied the organization of in vitro gamma oscillations in the MEC and LEC of the transgenic (tg) amyloid precursor protein (APP)-presenilin 1 (PS1) mouse model of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) at 4–5 months of age. In vitro gamma oscillations using the kainate model peaked between 30–50 Hz and therefore we analyzed the oscillatory properties in the 20–60 Hz range. Our results indicate that the LEC shows clear alterations in frequency and power of gamma oscillations at an early stage of AD as compared to the MEC. The gamma-frequency oscillation slows down in the LEC and also the gamma power in dorsal LEC is decreased as early as 4–5 months in the tg APP-PS1 mice. The results of this study suggest that the timing of olfactory inputs from LEC to the hippocampus might be affected at an early stage of AD, resulting in a possible erroneous integration of the information carried by the two input pathways to the hippocampal subfields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José R Donoso
- Department of Biology, Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humboldt UniversityBerlin, Germany; Bernstein Center for Computational NeuroscienceBerlin, Germany
| | - Richard Kempter
- Department of Biology, Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humboldt UniversityBerlin, Germany; Bernstein Center for Computational NeuroscienceBerlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité UniversityBerlin, Germany; Bernstein Center for Computational NeuroscienceBerlin, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "NeuroCure", Charité UniversityBerlin, Germany; DZNE - German Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesBerlin, Germany; Einstein Foundation BerlinBerlin, Germany
| | - Prateep Beed
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité UniversityBerlin, Germany; DZNE - German Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesBerlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of HealthBerlin, Germany
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13
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Trimbuch T, Beed P, Vogt J, Schuchmann S, Maier N, Kintscher M, Breustedt J, Schuelke M, Streu N, Kieselmann O, Brunk I, Laube G, Strauss U, Battefeld A, Wende H, Birchmeier C, Wiese S, Sendtner M, Kawabe H, Kishimoto-Suga M, Brose N, Baumgart J, Geist B, Aoki J, Savaskan N, Bräuer A, Chun J, Ninnemann O, Schmitz D, Nitsch R. Synaptic PRG-1 Modulates Excitatory Transmission via Lipid Phosphate-Mediated Signaling. Cell 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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14
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Beed P, Bendels MHK, Wiegand HF, Leibold C, Johenning FW, Schmitz D. Analysis of excitatory microcircuitry in the medial entorhinal cortex reveals cell-type-specific differences. Neuron 2011; 68:1059-66. [PMID: 21172609 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) plays an important role in physiological processes underlying navigation, learning, and memory. Excitatory cells in the different MEC layers project in a region-specific manner to the hippocampus. However, the intrinsic microcircuitry of the main excitatory cells in the superficial MEC layers is largely unknown. Using scanning photostimulation, we investigated the functional microcircuitry of two such cell types, stellate and pyramidal cells. We found cell-type-specific intralaminar and ascending interlaminar feedback inputs. The ascending interlaminar inputs display distinct organizational principles depending on the cell-type and its position within the superficial lamina: the spatial spread of inputs for stellate cells is narrower than for pyramidal cells, while inputs to pyramidal cells in layer 3, but not in layer 2, exhibit an asymmetric offset to the medial side of the cell's main axis. Differential laminar sources of excitatory inputs might contribute to the functional diversity of stellate and pyramidal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateep Beed
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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15
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Bendels MHK, Beed P, Schmitz D, Johenning FW, Leibold C. Detection of input sites in scanning photostimulation data based on spatial correlations. J Neurosci Methods 2010; 192:286-95. [PMID: 20705098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2009] [Revised: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 08/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Scanning photostimulation is a well-established method for studying the functional microcircuitry in brain slices. Light-evoked responses are thereby taken as an indicator for a connected presynaptic partner. Such an approach thus requires a clear distinction between the photo-evoked and the spontaneous responses. Here we show that, for a data set from entorhinal cortex layer II with high spontaneous synaptic rates of up to 10Hz, it is possible to identify presynaptic sites. The underlying detection algorithm is based on the finding that a presynaptic cell has several neighboring activation sites, resulting in the clustered appearance of specific photo-evoked inputs. The main idea behind this approach is to identify "hit" locations at which the number of intracellularly recorded synaptic events is significantly larger as expected from the hypothesis of statistical independence. The algorithm works without making use of EPSC amplitude information and for single trials, i.e., each site is stimulated only once. The hit maps are tested upon reliability by repeated stimulations and by blocking synaptically mediated responses via TTX. Furthermore, based on the hit density of surrogate data, we devise a Bayesian formalism to estimate the number of presynaptic partners. In these simulations we find good agreement between estimated and real number of input cells, which shows that the hit density can be used as a reliable measure for afferent connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H K Bendels
- Division of Neurobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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16
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Trimbuch T, Beed P, Vogt J, Schuchmann S, Maier N, Kintscher M, Breustedt J, Schuelke M, Streu N, Kieselmann O, Brunk I, Laube G, Strauss U, Battefeld A, Wende H, Birchmeier C, Wiese S, Sendtner M, Kawabe H, Kishimoto-Suga M, Brose N, Baumgart J, Geist B, Aoki J, Savaskan NE, Bräuer AU, Chun J, Ninnemann O, Schmitz D, Nitsch R. Synaptic PRG-1 modulates excitatory transmission via lipid phosphate-mediated signaling. Cell 2009; 138:1222-35. [PMID: 19766573 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2009.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2009] [Accepted: 06/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Plasticity related gene-1 (PRG-1) is a brain-specific membrane protein related to lipid phosphate phosphatases, which acts in the hippocampus specifically at the excitatory synapse terminating on glutamatergic neurons. Deletion of prg-1 in mice leads to epileptic seizures and augmentation of EPSCs, but not IPSCs. In utero electroporation of PRG-1 into deficient animals revealed that PRG-1 modulates excitation at the synaptic junction. Mutation of the extracellular domain of PRG-1 crucial for its interaction with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) abolished the ability to prevent hyperexcitability. As LPA application in vitro induced hyperexcitability in wild-type but not in LPA(2) receptor-deficient animals, and uptake of phospholipids is reduced in PRG-1-deficient neurons, we assessed PRG-1/LPA(2) receptor-deficient animals, and found that the pathophysiology observed in the PRG-1-deficient mice was fully reverted. Thus, we propose PRG-1 as an important player in the modulatory control of hippocampal excitability dependent on presynaptic LPA(2) receptor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Trimbuch
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology and NeuroCure, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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17
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Bendels MHK, Beed P, Leibold C, Schmitz D, Johenning FW. A novel control software that improves the experimental workflow of scanning photostimulation experiments. J Neurosci Methods 2008; 175:44-57. [PMID: 18771693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2008.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2008] [Revised: 07/25/2008] [Accepted: 08/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Optical uncaging of caged compounds is a well-established method to study the functional anatomy of a brain region on the circuit level. We present an alternative approach to existing experimental setups. Using a low-magnification objective we acquire images for planning the spatial patterns of stimulation. Then high-magnification objectives are used during laser stimulation providing a laser spot between 2 microm and 20 microm size. The core of this system is a video-based control software that monitors and controls the connected devices, allows for planning of the experiment, coordinates the stimulation process and manages automatic data storage. This combines a high-resolution analysis of neuronal circuits with flexible and efficient online planning and execution of a grid of spatial stimulation patterns on a larger scale. The software offers special optical features that enable the system to achieve a maximum degree of spatial reliability. The hardware is mainly built upon standard laboratory devices and thus ideally suited to cost-effectively complement existing electrophysiological setups with a minimal amount of additional equipment. Finally, we demonstrate the performance of the system by mapping the excitatory and inhibitory connections of entorhinal cortex layer II stellate neurons and present an approach for the analysis of photo-induced synaptic responses in high spontaneous activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H K Bendels
- NeuroScience Research Center, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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18
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Abstract
Readers who are members of the RCN Forum for Nurses Working with Older People or the RCN Mental Health and Older People Forum will be used to receiving the Ageing Matters newsletter twice yearly. Nonforum members may wish to enrol in order to receive the newsletter along with the other benefits that forum membership brings.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Beed
- Steering committee, RCN Forum for urses Working with Older People
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19
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Waterman H, Hope KW, Beed P, Clayton E, McQueen L, Owen C, Stott M, Studley M. The nature of ophthalmic services, and the education and qualifications of nurses: a national survey. J Adv Nurs 1995; 22:914-20. [PMID: 8568066 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1995.tb02643.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on a national survey undertaken by the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) Ophthalmic Nursing Forum to assess, first, the nature of ophthalmic services and, second, skill-mix and educational opportunities of nurses working with ophthalmic patients. A questionnaire was formulated and tested by members of the committee, with research and statistical support from the School of Nursing Studies, University of Manchester. The questionnaire was sent to the total population of ophthalmic units/hospitals in the UK (n = 168). Following descriptive statistical data analysis it was concluded that in smaller units, that is those with less than 18 beds (NB mean number of beds = 18), less than one in four nurses holds an ophthalmic qualification. Some respondents identified that in 10 instances no nurses held an ophthalmic qualification and that on 12 further occasions only one nurse held a relevant ophthalmic qualification. There are insufficient numbers of nurses holding ophthalmic qualifications. The implications of this situation are discussed and recommendations made.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Waterman
- School of Nursing Studies, University of Manchester, England
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20
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Abstract
A study was conducted to ascertain the numbers of nurses working in ophthalmology with appropriate qualifications. A questionnaire was sent to 168 ophthalmic nurse managers in the UK which revealed that a much greater proportion of nurses employed at grades I, H, G and F hold an ophthalmic qualification compared with those employed at grades E, D and C. Those nurses working at higher grades were far fewer in number, however. The results also indicated that the smaller the unit is, the less likely it is to employ nurses holding the specialist qualification. More funding and access to courses is recommended.
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21
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Beed P. Glaucoma: effective care saves site (continuing education credit). Nurs Stand 1992; 7:3-8. [PMID: 1489711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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22
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Beed P. Losing her eyes--care study. Nurs Times 1991; 87:26-8. [PMID: 1754429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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23
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Abstract
I feel that Norah Casey misrepresented the Patient's Charter in her editorial ('The name game', Nursing Standard October 6), and gave support and credence to practices which many professionals are trying to eradicate.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Beed
- Primary Nurse
- Waterlooville
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24
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Beed P. Sight restored. Care study. Nurs Times 1991; 87:46-8. [PMID: 1866283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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