1
|
Soares VM, da Silva TC, dos Santos PP. Role of Omega-3 and Omega-6 on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Importance of Dietary Sources and Lipid Structure. Arq Bras Cardiol 2023; 120:e20230753. [PMID: 38126490 PMCID: PMC10773457 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20230753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Victória Moralez Soares
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita FilhoFaculdade de Medicina de BotucatuBotucatuSPBrasil Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho – Campus de Botucatu – Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu , Botucatu , SP – Brasil
| | - Thais Caroline da Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita FilhoFaculdade de Medicina de BotucatuBotucatuSPBrasil Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho – Campus de Botucatu – Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu , Botucatu , SP – Brasil
| | - Priscila Portugal dos Santos
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita FilhoFaculdade de Medicina de BotucatuBotucatuSPBrasil Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho – Campus de Botucatu – Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu , Botucatu , SP – Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Schmidt Azevedo P, Fock RA, Pereira FL, dos Santos PP, Ferro FC, Sacco N, Polegato BF, Zornoff LM, Okoshi MP, Achterberg W, de Paiva SR. The evident and the hidden factors of vitamin D status in older people during COVID-19 pandemic. Nutrire 2021; 46:1. [PMID: 38624693 PMCID: PMC7790349 DOI: 10.1186/s41110-020-00131-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Considering the COVID-19 pandemic, vitamin D is a target of research and speculation. Lockdown or home isolation reduces sunlight exposition and increases the risk of vitamin D deficiency. Special attention is needed for older people at risk of both severe forms of COVID-19 and vitamin D deficiency. This review aims to highlight the association of vitamin D and COVID-19 in two instances, the direct influence of vitamin D on the immune system, and the indirect risks for other vitamin D deficiency-related diseases, such as musculoskeletal properties in older persons. Methods We performed a narrative review. Results Whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with COVID-19 poor prognosis, and if vitamin D supplementation may improve the post-infection outcomes is still unclear. In any case, the pandemic generates indirect burden, such as the sequence: home isolation, low sunlight exposition, vitamin D deficiency, and fragility fractures. Conclusion Therefore, it is time to debate how to optimize vitamin D status in older people, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Schmidt Azevedo
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Av. Prof Mario Rubens Guimarães Montenegro s/n, Botucatu, 18618-687 Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ambrosio Fock
- Experimental Hematology Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Filipe Leal Pereira
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Av. Prof Mario Rubens Guimarães Montenegro s/n, Botucatu, 18618-687 Brazil
| | - Priscila Portugal dos Santos
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Av. Prof Mario Rubens Guimarães Montenegro s/n, Botucatu, 18618-687 Brazil
| | - Flavio Cruz Ferro
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Av. Prof Mario Rubens Guimarães Montenegro s/n, Botucatu, 18618-687 Brazil
| | - Nataly Sacco
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Av. Prof Mario Rubens Guimarães Montenegro s/n, Botucatu, 18618-687 Brazil
| | - Bertha Furlan Polegato
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Av. Prof Mario Rubens Guimarães Montenegro s/n, Botucatu, 18618-687 Brazil
| | - Leonardo Mamede Zornoff
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Av. Prof Mario Rubens Guimarães Montenegro s/n, Botucatu, 18618-687 Brazil
| | - Marina Politi Okoshi
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Av. Prof Mario Rubens Guimarães Montenegro s/n, Botucatu, 18618-687 Brazil
| | - Wilco Achterberg
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sergio Rupp de Paiva
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Av. Prof Mario Rubens Guimarães Montenegro s/n, Botucatu, 18618-687 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Murino Rafacho BP, Portugal dos Santos P, Gonçalves ADF, Fernandes AAH, Okoshi K, Chiuso-Minicucci F, Azevedo PS, Mamede Zornoff LA, Minicucci MF, Wang XD, Rupp de Paiva SA. Rosemary supplementation (Rosmarinus oficinallis L.) attenuates cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177521. [PMID: 28494028 PMCID: PMC5426768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Dietary intervention on adverse cardiac remodeling after MI has significant clinical relevance. Rosemary leaves are a natural product with antioxidant/anti-inflammatory properties, but its effect on morphology and ventricular function after MI is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS To determine the effect of the dietary supplementation of rosemary leaves on cardiac remodeling after MI, male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups after sham procedure or experimental induced MI: 1) Sham group fed standard chow (SR0, n = 23); 2) Sham group fed standard chow supplemented with 0.02% rosemary (R002) (SR002, n = 23); 3) Sham group fed standard chow supplemented with 0.2% rosemary (R02) (SR02, n = 22); 4) group submitted to MI and fed standard chow (IR0, n = 13); 5) group submitted to MI and fed standard chow supplemented with R002 (IR002, n = 8); and 6) group submitted to MI and fed standard chow supplemented with R02 (IR02, n = 9). After 3 months of the treatment, systolic pressure evaluation, echocardiography and euthanasia were performed. Left ventricular samples were evaluated for: fibrosis, cytokine levels, apoptosis, energy metabolism enzymes, and oxidative stress. Rosemary dietary supplementation attenuated cardiac remodeling by improving energy metabolism and decreasing oxidative stress. Rosemary supplementation of 0.02% improved diastolic function and reduced hypertrophy after MI. Regarding rosemary dose, 0.02% and 0.2% for rats are equivalent to 11 mg and 110 mg for humans, respectively. CONCLUSION Our findings support further investigations of the rosemary use as adjuvant therapy in adverse cardiac remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Katashi Okoshi
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School–UNESP, Botucatu/SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Chiuso-Minicucci
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Botucatu Biosciences Institute–UNESP, Botucatu/SP, Brazil
| | - Paula S. Azevedo
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School–UNESP, Botucatu/SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Xiang-Dong Wang
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston/MA, United States of America
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
dos Santos PP, Rafacho BPM, Gonçalves ADF, Jaldin RG, do Nascimento TB, Silva MAB, Cau SBA, Roscani MG, Azevedo PS, Minicucci MF, Tostes RDC, Zornoff LAM, de Paiva SAR. Vitamin D induces increased systolic arterial pressure via vascular reactivity and mechanical properties. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98895. [PMID: 24921930 PMCID: PMC4055656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate whether supplementation of high doses of cholecalciferol for two months in normotensive rats results in increased systolic arterial pressure and which are the mechanisms involved. Specifically, this study assesses the potential effect on cardiac output as well as the changes in aortic structure and functional properties. Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: 1) Control group (C, n = 20), with no supplementation of vitamin D, 2) VD3 (n = 19), supplemented with 3,000 IU vitamin D/kg of chow; 3) VD10 (n = 21), supplemented with 10,000 IU vitamin D/kg of chow. After two months, echocardiographic analyses, measurements of systolic arterial pressure (SAP), vascular reactivity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mechanical properties, histological analysis and metalloproteinase-2 and -9 activity were performed. Results SAP was higher in VD3 and VD10 than in C rats (p = 0.001). Echocardiographic variables were not different among groups. Responses to phenylephrine in endothelium-denuded aortas was higher in VD3 compared to the C group (p = 0.041). Vascular relaxation induced by acetylcholine (p = 0.023) and sodium nitroprusside (p = 0.005) was impaired in both supplemented groups compared to the C group and apocynin treatment reversed impaired vasodilation. Collagen volume fraction (<0.001) and MMP-2 activity (p = 0.025) was higher in VD10 group compared to the VD3 group. Elastin volume fraction was lower in VD10 than in C and yield point was lower in VD3 than in C. Conclusion Our findings support the view that vitamin D supplementation increases arterial pressure in normotensive rats and this is associated with structural and functional vascular changes, modulated by NADPH oxidase, nitric oxide, and extracellular matrix components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Portugal dos Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Paola Murino Rafacho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andréa de Freitas Gonçalves
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Gibin Jaldin
- Department of Surgery and Orthopaedics, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Bruder do Nascimento
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine at Ribeirao Preto - USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Stêfany Bruno Assis Cau
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine at Ribeirao Preto - USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Meliza Goi Roscani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Schimdt Azevedo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Ferreira Minicucci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia Tostes
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine at Ribeirao Preto - USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Antonio Memede Zornoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Alberto Rupp de Paiva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Assalin HB, Rafacho BP, dos Santos PP, Ardisson LP, Roscani MG, Chiuso-Minicucci F, Barbisan LF, Fernandes AAH, Azevedo PS, Minicucci MF, Zornoff LA, de Paiva SAR. Impact of the length of vitamin D deficiency on cardiac remodeling. Circ Heart Fail 2013; 6:809-16. [PMID: 23709660 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.112.000298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was aimed to evaluate the influence of vitamin D (VD) deficiency on cardiac metabolism, morphology, and function. Thus, we investigated the relationship of these changes with the length of the nutrient restriction. METHODS AND RESULTS Male weanling Wistar rats were allocated into 4 groups: C2 (n=24), animals were fed an AIN-93G diet with 1000 IU VD/kg of chow and were kept under fluorescent light for 2 months; D2 (n=22), animals were fed a VD-deficient AIN-93G diet and were kept under incandescent light for 2 months; C4 (n=21) animals were kept in the same conditions of C2 for 4 months; and D4 (n=23) animals were kept in the same conditions of D2 for 4 months. Biochemical analyses showed lower β-hydroxyacyl coenzyme-A dehydrogenase activity and higher lactate dehydrogenase activity in VD-deficient animals. Furthermore, VD deficiency was related to increased cytokines release, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and fibrosis. Echocardiographic data showed left ventricular hypertrophy and lower fractional shortening and ejection fraction in VD-deficient animals. Difference became evident in the lactate dehydrogenase activity, left ventricular weight, right ventricle weight, and left ventricular mass after 4 months of VD deficiency. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that VD deficiency is associated with energetic metabolic changes, cardiac inflammation, oxidative stress, fibrosis and apoptosis, cardiac hypertrophy, left chambers alterations, and systolic dysfunction. Furthermore, length of the restriction influenced these cardiac changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heloisa Balan Assalin
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|