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Abdul Azeez S, Gireeshkumar TR, Muraleedharan KR, Vignesh ER, Jaleel AKU, Arya KS, Ravikumar Nair C, Ratheesh R. Factors influencing nearshore hypoxia in the southeastern Arabian Sea: A sensor-based study. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 197:115696. [PMID: 37897966 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal upwelling and the associated incursion of hypoxic waters into the coastal zone is a widely studied topic over different upwelling zones. However, its persistence or variations over short time scales are poorly addressed. The present study, therefore, brings out a first report on hourly variations in the temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen recorded by an environmental data buoy equipped with sensors, deployed in the nearshore waters of Alappuzha (southeastern Arabian Sea) from April to August 2022. The characteristic feature of the Alappuzha coast is the development of mud banks during the southwest monsoon, providing a tranquil environment suitable for continuous sensor-based measurements when the sea remains turbulent elsewhere. The results showed that despite an advance in the upwelling intensity, there is a significant variation in the oxygen concentration in the study domain on a diurnal scale. In general, the nearshore region was under hypoxia during the first half of the day (00:00 to 12:00 h), which increased steadily to reach normoxic and supersaturated levels during the rest of the day (12:00 to 24:00 h). Statistical analysis showed that winds significantly correlate to the coastal environment's subsurface oxygen concentration. During the morning hours, the wind was weak, and the water column remained stratified over the subsurface hypoxic water layer. The situation changed in the afternoon (12:00 h onwards), as there was a steady increase in the local wind speed (>5 m/s), which was sustained during the rest of the day. A local wind speed >5 m/s can disturb the stratification and enhance the mixing process from 12:00 to 24:00 h. The total kinetic energy of 11.5 J/m3 is the threshold for this oxygen supersaturation. These findings emphasize the role of wind-induced mixing in alleviating coastal hypoxia, highlighting the need for further biogeochemical and ecological investigations into the impacts of alternating oxic-hypoxic conditions in nearshore waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Abdul Azeez
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, 31261, Kochi 682 018, India
| | - T R Gireeshkumar
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, 31261, Kochi 682 018, India.
| | - K R Muraleedharan
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, 31261, Kochi 682 018, India
| | - E R Vignesh
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, 31261, Kochi 682 018, India; Cochin University of Science and Technology, India
| | - A K U Jaleel
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, 31261, Kochi 682 018, India
| | - K S Arya
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, 31261, Kochi 682 018, India; Cochin University of Science and Technology, India
| | - C Ravikumar Nair
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, 31261, Kochi 682 018, India
| | - R Ratheesh
- Geo Sciences Division, Space Applications Centre, ISRO, Ahmedabad, India
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Anupama A, Raman R, Ratheesh R, Palakkunnath S. Symptomatology and Demographic Profile of COVID-19 Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Center in India: A Hospital Record-Based Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e40636. [PMID: 37476129 PMCID: PMC10355227 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since its arrival in late 2019, COVID-19 has caused more than 760 million cases and nearly seven million deaths worldwide. As a novel infection research is still underway to understand the epidemiology of COVID-19. The present study was conducted in a tertiary care center in south India to understand the symptomatology of the disease in a local context. METHODS Information for the study was retrieved from the hospital records of the Kunhitharuvai Memorial Charitable Trust (KMCT) COVID Hospital, Kerala, India, of patients admitted from 1st May 2021 to 31st October 2021 (six months). Data on their clinico-demographic profile and treatment outcomes were collected and entered into a proforma. RESULTS Out of the 2744 patients included in the study, the proportion of males and females was comparable. About 38.6% of patients were above 60 years of age. The most common presenting complaints were fever, cough, and breathlessness. About 2.7% were asymptomatic. The mortality rate during the study period was 4.8% (132 deaths). CONCLUSION The present study highlights differences in the symptomology and other demographic features of COVID-19 patients admitted to a hospital in Kerala, India, compared to other regional, national, and international studies. Despite limitations, these differences may have important implications for diagnosing and managing COVID-19 patients in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumadi Anupama
- Community Medicine, Kunhitharuvai Memorial Charitable Trust (KMCT) Medical College, Kozhikode, IND
| | - Rupesh Raman
- Community Medicine, Kunhitharuvai Memorial Charitable Trust (KMCT) Medical College, Kozhikode, IND
| | - R Ratheesh
- Pharmacology, Kunhitharuvai Memorial Charitable Trust (KMCT) Medical College, Kozhikode, IND
| | - Sujesh Palakkunnath
- Community Medicine, Kunhitharuvai Memorial Charitable Trust (KMCT) Medical College, Kozhikode, IND
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Raghu K, Vivek S, Varghese S, Ratheesh R. Nurses as warriors: Challenges and impacts among Kerala Nurses during Coronavirus Disease-2019 pandemic. J Pharm Bioall Sci 2022; 14:S439-S443. [PMID: 36110763 PMCID: PMC9469269 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_39_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Suneel V, Rao VT, Suresh G, Chaudhary A, Vethamony P, Ratheesh R. Oil pollution in the Eastern Arabian Sea from invisible sources: A multi-technique approach. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 146:683-695. [PMID: 31426210 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Eastern Arabian Sea (EAS) is affected by oil pollution, as often evidenced by the presence of tarballs along the West Coast of India (WCI). Tarball samples collected during May 2017 along the Goa coast were subject to biomarker fingerprints, and the results matched with Bombay High (BH) oil fingerprints. The present study primarily aims at identifying the potential minor spill areas using Sentinel-imagery. Interestingly, repeated occurrence of oil spills detected at two locations, perfectly matched with BH platforms. The simulated Lagrangian trajectories also depict that tarball particles have originated from those detected locations. In 2017 alone, the quantity of spilled oil was estimated to be 129,392 l. However, spills detected offshore regions of Kachchh and Mangalore were found to be caused by ships. This is the first comprehensive study, tracking the oil pollution sources in the EAS through multi-technique approach - chemical, remote sensing and numerical modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Suneel
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India.
| | - V Trinadha Rao
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India
| | - Gopika Suresh
- CS Communication & Systems Germany GmBH, ECOS Office Center Darmstadt-Campus Berliner Allee, Berliner Allee 65, D-64295 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Aditya Chaudhary
- Indian Space Research Organization-Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - P Vethamony
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - R Ratheesh
- Indian Space Research Organization-Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Ratheesh R, Chaudhury NR, Rajput P, Arora M, Gujrati A, Arunkumar SVV, Shetty A, Baral R, Patel R, Joshi D, Patel H, Pathak B, Jayappa KS, Samal RN, Rajawat AS. Coastal Sediment Dynamics, Ecology and Detection of Coral Reef Macroalgae from AVIRIS-NG. CURR SCI INDIA 2019. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v116/i7/1157-1165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abhijna UG, Ratheesh R, Kumar AB. Distribution and diversity of aquatic insects of Vellayani lake in Kerala. J Environ Biol 2013; 34:605-611. [PMID: 24617149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The diversity of insect fauna of Vellayani lake in Kerala was represented by 60 species classified under 37 families and 8 orders. Among the entomofauna collected from the lake, the order Coleoptera was diverse in number of genera (22). Shannon index was highest in station 2 (3.214) and lowest (2.839) in station 4. The higher richness index was also recorded in station 2 (6.331), though the lowest species richness was observed in Station 1 (5.205). The order Ephemeroptera is represented in Vellayani lake by the families Baetidae and Caenidae, which are considered as an indicator of water quality. Of the 15 metrices selected, taxa richness, Composition measures, Tolerance and Intolerance and Functional groups were also found out for all the stations. In the present study, the percentage of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera (EPT) taxa richness and diversity remained high in Station 1, 2 and 3 but reduced drastically in stations 4 and 5. The high HBI value recorded at station 4 is due to the abundance of pollution tolerant taxa such as Chironomidae, Tabanidae, Culicidae and Anophilinae. The results of the study reveal greater diversity of aquatic entomofauna in Vellayani freshwater lake and suggest the possibility of using insects effectively for biomonitoring programmes.
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Bashyam MD, Chaudhary AK, Reddy EC, Devi ARR, Savithri GR, Ratheesh R, Bashyam L, Mahesh E, Sen D, Puri R, Verma IC, Nampoothiri S, Vaidyanathan S, Chandrashekar MD, Kantheti P. Phenylalanine hydroxylase gene mutations in phenylketonuria patients from India: identification of novel mutations that affect PAH RNA. Mol Genet Metab 2010; 100:96-9. [PMID: 20188615 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2010.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2009] [Revised: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of seven Indian phenylketonuria families has revealed four novel mutations in the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene; two affected consensus splice sequence and the 3' UTR, respectively, while the other two were single base insertion and deletion mutations, respectively. A novel 3' splice site mutation c.168-2A>G resulted in the activation of a cryptic 3' splice site that generated a premature termination codon leading to very low levels of the mutant transcript, probably due to activation of the nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathway. This is probably the first report of PKU caused by the activation of NMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali D Bashyam
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India.
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Ratheesh R, Viswakalyan K, Chaudhary AK, Swarnalata G, Srinivasulu M, Lavanya M, Anjayneyulu V, Patnaik S, Vamsy M, Murthy S, Ravikanth K, Sastry RA, Bashyam MD. Abstract 2151: Molecular screening of CRC from India suggests the existence of non-canonical pathway(s) of tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am10-2151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A major risk factor for Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is advanced age, with a majority of cases reported in the West being above 60 years of age. However, a significantly high proportion of CRC patients from India belong to a younger age group (less than 50 years) and a majority of them have no family history of cancer. A deregulated Wnt signaling pathway is the hallmark of CRC in the West and has been indicted in 70-80% of older patients. Another significant genetic aberration is Microsatellite Instability (MSI), which may contribute to 15-20% of the cases. In addition, the simultaneous occurrence of Wnt activation and p53 inactivation has been substantiated in a significantly high proportion (about 70%) of CRC cases. Sporadic CRC occurring in the young however has not been subjected to detailed analysis so far. In order to identify important deregulated pathways that drive tumor progression in young patients we have initiated a multipronged comparative study on CRC occurring in the young and older patients from India. Our results have revealed several unique features among Indian CRC patients. Firstly, Wnt activation and p53 inactivation appeared to co-exist in a significantly less proportion of samples (34%), indicating existence of alternate pathway(s) of tumor initiation. Secondly, a significantly low proportion (35%) of young patients appeared to harbor a deregulated Wnt signaling pathway, when compared to older patients (64%). Thirdly, we did not find a significant difference in other variables between the two patient age groups including gender, grade, MSI status, etc. Using array-based Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) and genome-wide transcript profiling, we identified several copy number alterations (CNA) that may harbor genes important for tumor progression in young patients. A novel amplification located at 17q11.2-21.1 was identified which included genes involved in the MAP kinase pathway. The present study is expected to yield invaluable insights into the molecular basis for sporadic CRC in the young.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2151.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ratheesh
- 1Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CDFD, Hyderabad, India
| | - K Viswakalyan
- 1Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CDFD, Hyderabad, India
| | - A K. Chaudhary
- 1Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CDFD, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - M Srinivasulu
- 3MNJ Institute of Oncology and Regional Cancer Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | - M Lavanya
- 3MNJ Institute of Oncology and Regional Cancer Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | - V Anjayneyulu
- 3MNJ Institute of Oncology and Regional Cancer Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | - S Patnaik
- 4Indo-American Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | - M Vamsy
- 4Indo-American Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | - S Murthy
- 4Indo-American Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | - K Ravikanth
- 5Nizam Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - R A. Sastry
- 5Nizam Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - M D. Bashyam
- 1Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, CDFD, Hyderabad, India
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Sreemoolanadhan H, Ratheesh R, Sebastian MT, Mohanan P. Structure and properties of complex perovskite microwave ceramic dielectric resonators. Acta Crystallogr A 1996. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767396085054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Suresh G, Ratheesh R, Pradip T, Manojkumar K, Nayar V. Vibrational Spectra of NH4Sm(SO4)2·4H2O and NH4Ln(SO4)2·2H2O[Ln= Yb, Tm]. J SOLID STATE CHEM 1996. [DOI: 10.1006/jssc.1996.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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