1
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Necchi A, Li R, Rose K, Davaro F, Davaro E, Spiess P, Petros G, Bratslavsky G, Jacob J, Pavlick D, Ross J, Huang R, Lin D, Danziger N, Graf R. CDH1-mutated clinically advanced urothelial bladder cancer (UBC): A genomic landscape and real-world clinical outcome study (RWCOS). Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00588-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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2
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Simon J, Oalmann C, Stern P, Senter R, Chien M, Graf R, Bessede A, Campbell A. A novel gut-restricted small molecule TLR2 agonist enhances immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in a preclinical mouse fibrosarcoma tumor model. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01139-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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3
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Husain H, Madison R, Haberberger J, Cho-Phan C, Snider J, Snow T, Huang R, Li G, Tolba K, Schrock A, Graf R, Oxnard G. P2.14-01 Clinical Utility of Reflex to Tissue-based Comprehensive Genomic Profiling (CGP) After Negative Liquid Biopsy (LBx) in NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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4
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Schneider M, Linecker M, Fritsch R, Mühlematter U, Stocker D, Pestalozzi B, Samaras P, Jetter A, Kron P, Petrowsky H, Nicolau C, Lehn JM, Humar B, Graf R, Clavien PA, Limani P. Phase Ib dose-escalation study of the hypoxia-modifier myo-inositol trispyrophosphate in patients with hepatopancreatobiliary tumors. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac178.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Hypoxia is present in most solid tumors and acts as a driver of malignancy. Myo-inositol trispyrophosphate (ITPP) is a novel re-oxygenating compound without apparent toxicity. In preclinical models, it potentiates the efficacy of subsequent chemotherapy through vascular normalization. We sought to assess the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of ITPP.
Methods
In this monocentric, open-label, dose-escalation study following a 3+3 design, eligible patients with advanced primary and secondary hepatopancreatobiliary tumors received nine 8-h infusions of ITPP during 3 weeks across eight dose levels (1866–14,500 mg/m2/dose), followed by standard chemotherapy. Primary endpoints were safety and tolerability. Secondary endpoints were pharmacokinetics and estimation of efficacy based on radiological responses and angiogenic serum markers. Registration number: NCT02528526.
Results
From April 2015 to July 2018, a total of 28 enrolled patients were assessed for the primary endpoints. ITPP was safe up to single doses of 12,390 mg/m2, and 32 ITPP-related adverse events occurred: 19 (67.8%) hypercalcemia, 5 (17.8%) hyponatremia, and 4 (14.2%) hypomagnesemia. Following ITPP monotherapy, 52% of patients displayed morphological disease stabilization. Following subsequent chemotherapy, 10% showed a partial response, and 60% had stable disease. Angiogenic markers were decreased in 60% after ITPP and tended to correlate with responses and survival after chemotherapy.
Conclusion
Administration of ITPP is safe up to 12,390 mg/m2 with favorable pharmacokinetics. Preliminary translational efficacy data show decreased angiogenic markers, which might indicate an anti-hypoxic effect and enhancement of chemotherapy through ITPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schneider
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Linecker
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R Fritsch
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - U Mühlematter
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D Stocker
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Pestalozzi
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P Samaras
- Oncology Center, Hirslanden Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Jetter
- Department of Pharmacology, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P Kron
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - H Petrowsky
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Nicolau
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University , Boston, USA
| | - J-M Lehn
- Institute of Supramolecular Science and Engineering, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg, France
| | - B Humar
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R Graf
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P-A Clavien
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P Limani
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Dietz J, Spengler U, Müllhaupt B, Schulze Zur Wiesch J, Piecha F, Mauss S, Seegers B, Hinrichsen H, Antoni C, Wietzke-Braun P, Peiffer KH, Berger A, Matschenz K, Buggisch P, Backhus J, Zizer E, Boettler T, Neumann-Haefelin C, Semela D, Stauber R, Berg T, Berg C, Zeuzem S, Vermehren J, Sarrazin C, Giostra E, Berning M, Hampe J, De Gottardi A, Rauch A, Semmo N, Discher T, Trauth J, Fischer J, Gress M, Günther R, Heinzow H, Schmidt J, Herrmann A, Stallmach A, Hilgard G, Deterding K, Lange C, Ciesek S, Wedemeyer H, Hoffmann D, Klinker H, Schulze P, Kocheise F, Müller-Schilling M, Kodal A, Kremer A, Ganslmayer M, Siebler J, Lammert F, Rissland J, Löbermann M, Götze T, Canbay A, Lohse A, von Felden J, Jordan S, Maieron A, Moradpour D, Chave JP, Moreno C, Müller T, Muche M, Epple HJ, Port K, von Hahn T, Cornberg M, Manns M, Reinhardt L, Ellenrieder V, Rockstroh J, Schattenberg J, Sprinzl M, Galle P, Roeb E, Steckstor M, Schmiegel W, Brockmeyer N, Seufferlein T, Stremmel W, Strey B, Thimme R, Teufel A, Vogelmann R, Ebert M, Tomasiewicz K, Trautwein C, Tacke F, Koenen T, Weber T, Zachoval R, Mayerle J, Raziorrouh B, Angeli W, Beckebaum S, Doberauer C, Durmashkina E, Hackelsberger A, Erhardt A, Garrido-Lüneburg A, Gattringer H, Genné D, Gschwantler M, Gundling F, Hametner S, Schöfl R, Hartmann C, Heyer T, Hirschi C, Jussios A, Kanzler S, Kordecki N, Kraus M, Kullig U, Wollschläger S, Magenta L, Beretta-Piccoli BT, Menges M, Mohr L, Muehlenberg K, Niederau C, Paulweber B, Petrides A, Pinkernell M, Piso R, Rambach W, Reiser M, Riecken B, Rieke A, Roth J, Schelling M, Schlee P, Schneider A, Scholz D, Schott E, Schuchmann M, Schulten-Baumer U, Seelhoff A, Stich A, Stickel F, Ungemach J, Walter E, Weber A, Winzer T, Abels W, Adler M, Audebert F, Baermann C, Bästlein E, Barth R, Barthel K, Becker W, Behrends J, Benninger J, Berger F, Berzow D, Beyer T, Bierbaum M, Blaukat O, Bodtländer A, Böhm G, Börner N, Bohr U, Bokemeyer B, Bruch H, Bucholz D, Burkhard O, Busch N, Chirca C, Delker R, Diedrich J, Frank M, Diehl M, Dienethal A, Dietel P, Dikopoulos N, Dreck M, Dreher F, Drude L, Ende K, Ehrle U, Baumgartl K, Emke F, Glosemeyer R, Felten G, Hüppe D, Fischer J, Fischer U, Frederking D, Frick B, Friese G, Gantke B, Geyer P, Schwind H, Glas M, Glaunsinger T, Goebel F, Göbel U, Görlitz B, Graf R, Gruber H, Härter G, Herder M, Heuchel T, Heuer S, Höffl KH, Hörster H, Sonne JU, Hofmann W, Holst F, Hunstiger M, Hurst A, Jägel-Guedes E, John C, Jung M, Kallinowski B, Kapzan B, Kerzel W, Khaykin P, Klarhof M, Klüppelberg U, Klugewitz K, Knapp B, Knevels U, Kochsiek T, Körfer A, Köster A, Kuhn M, Langekamp A, Künzig B, Link R, Littman M, Löhr H, Lutz T, Knecht G, Lutz U, Mainz D, Mahle I, Maurer P, Mayer C, Meister V, Möller H, Heyne R, Moritzen D, Mroß M, Mundlos M, Naumann U, Nehls O, Ningel K, Oelmann A, Olejnik H, Gadow K, Pascher E, Petersen J, Philipp A, Pichler M, Polzien F, Raddant R, Riedel M, Rietzler S, Rössle M, Rufle W, Rump A, Schewe C, Hoffmann C, Schleehauf D, Schmidt K, Schmidt W, Schmidt-Heinevetter G, Schmidtler-von Fabris J, Schnaitmann E, Schneider L, Schober A, Niehaus-Hahn S, Schwenzer J, Seidel T, Seitel G, Sick C, Simon K, Stähler D, Stenschke F, Steffens H, Stein K, Steinmüller M, Sternfeld T, Strey B, Svensson K, Tacke W, Teuber G, Teubner K, Thieringer J, Tomesch A, Trappe U, Ullrich J, Urban G, Usadel S, von Lucadou A, Weinberger F, Werheid-Dobers M, Werner P, Winter T, Zehnter E, Zipf A. Efficacy of Retreatment After Failed Direct-acting Antiviral Therapy in Patients With HCV Genotype 1-3 Infections. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 19:195-198.e2. [PMID: 31706062 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus infection is causing chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. By combining direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), high sustained virologic response rates (SVRs) can be achieved. Resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) are commonly observed after DAA failure, and especially nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) RASs may impact retreatment options.1-3 Data on retreatment of DAA failure patients using first-generation DAAs are limited.4-7 Recently, a second-generation protease- and NS5A-inhibitor plus sofosbuvir (voxilaprevir/velpatasvir/sofosbuvir [VOX/VEL/SOF]) was approved for retreatment after DAA failure.8 However, this and other second-generation regimens are not available in many resource-limited countries or are not reimbursed by regular insurance, and recommendations regarding the selection of retreatment regimens using first-generation DAAs are very important. This study aimed to analyze patients who were re-treated with first-generation DAAs after failure of a DAA combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Dietz
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), External Partner Site, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulrich Spengler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site, Cologne-Bonn, Germany
| | - Beat Müllhaupt
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center and Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Julian Schulze Zur Wiesch
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site, Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany
| | - Felix Piecha
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site, Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany
| | - Stefan Mauss
- Center for HIV and Hepatogastroenterology, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Barbara Seegers
- Gastroenterologisch-Hepatologisches Zentrum Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Antoni
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Kai-Henrik Peiffer
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), External Partner Site, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Annemarie Berger
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Peter Buggisch
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine IFI, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Backhus
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Eugen Zizer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tobias Boettler
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Neumann-Haefelin
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - David Semela
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Rudolf Stauber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Berg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Berg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Zeuzem
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), External Partner Site, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Johannes Vermehren
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), External Partner Site, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christoph Sarrazin
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), External Partner Site, Frankfurt, Germany; Medizinische Klinik 2, St Josefs-Hospital, Wiesbaden, Germany.
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Arroyo-Araujo M, Graf R, Maco M, van Dam E, Schenker E, Drinkenburg W, Koopmans B, de Boer SF, Cullum-Doyle M, Noldus LPJJ, Loos M, van Dommelen W, Spooren W, Biemans B, Buhl DL, Kas MJ. Reproducibility via coordinated standardization: a multi-center study in a Shank2 genetic rat model for Autism Spectrum Disorders. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11602. [PMID: 31406134 PMCID: PMC6690904 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47981-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inconsistent findings between laboratories are hampering scientific progress and are of increasing public concern. Differences in laboratory environment is a known factor contributing to poor reproducibility of findings between research sites, and well-controlled multisite efforts are an important next step to identify the relevant factors needed to reduce variation in study outcome between laboratories. Through harmonization of apparatus, test protocol, and aligned and non-aligned environmental variables, the present study shows that behavioral pharmacological responses in Shank2 knockout (KO) rats, a model of synaptic dysfunction relevant to autism spectrum disorders, were highly replicable across three research centers. All three sites reliably observed a hyperactive and repetitive behavioral phenotype in KO rats compared to their wild-type littermates as well as a dose-dependent phenotype attenuation following acute injections of a selective mGluR1 antagonist. These results show that reproducibility in preclinical studies can be obtained and emphasizes the need for high quality and rigorous methodologies in scientific research. Considering the observed external validity, the present study also suggests mGluR1 as potential target for the treatment of autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Arroyo-Araujo
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Radka Graf
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Martine Maco
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elsbeth van Dam
- Noldus Information Technology BV, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Sietse F de Boer
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Maarten Loos
- Sylics Synaptologics BV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Will Spooren
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Derek L Buhl
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Martien J Kas
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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7
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Ontiveros P, Landaverde C, Graf R, Levin MK, Hippely S, Wang Y, Landers M, Dittamore R, O'Shaughnessy JA. Abstract P3-01-07: Enabling HER2 and androgen receptor (AR) protein expression and localization in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) of ER(+/-)HER2(-) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients (pts). Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p3-01-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background:
Upregulation of HER2 and AR are mechanisms of acquired resistance to endocrine therapy, and are being investigated as treatment-guiding biomarkers. However, measurement of these proteins and their localization requires metastatic biopsies, which are costly, invasive, and prone to under-sampling which limits their utility to guide treatment in late stage metastatic patients. A CTC-based test could expand the clinical utility of these biomarkers. Here we utilized the Epic Sciences CTC platform for CTC detection and characterization. MBC blood samples were characterized for CTC prevalence, HER2 and AR expression at time of disease progression.
Material and methods:
HER2 and AR expression levels were determined based on model cell lines. A total of 72 blood samples were acquired from ER(+/-)/HER2(-) patients (by standard tissue pathology) at disease progression. 72 samples were analyzed for HER2 and 64 were analyzed for AR using the Epic Platform. Single-cell whole genome sequencing was performed to assess clonality and inter-patient heterogeneity of CTCs detected.
Results:
55/72 (76.4%) of patients had CTCs detected across two slides. 13/72 (18.1%) had at least one HER2(+) CTC, 14/64 (21.9%) had at least one AR(+) CTC, and 7/64 (10.9%) had at both AR(+) and HER2(+) CTCs detected on replicate slides. HER2 expression on individual CTCs showed distinctive cytoplasmic membrane staining, and AR expression on individual CTCs showed frequent nuclear localization. Most patient samples showed heterogeneous expression of these markers at disease progression indicating subclonal sensitivity to targeted therapies. Subsequently, these cells will be individually sequenced to better determine the clonality of resistance.
Conclusions:
CTCs are detected in most MBC pts upon disease progression, with expression of known endocrine therapy resistance markers, HER2 and AR, observed that CTCs could guide subsequent therapy selection. Prospective evaluation of HER2 and AR on MBC pts' CTCs as predictive biomarkers of benefit from inhibitors of these proteins is needed.
Citation Format: Ontiveros P, Landaverde C, Graf R, Levin MK, Hippely S, Wang Y, Landers M, Dittamore R, O'Shaughnessy JA. Enabling HER2 and androgen receptor (AR) protein expression and localization in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) of ER(+/-)HER2(-) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients (pts) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-01-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ontiveros
- Epic Sciences, San Diego, CA; Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX
| | - C Landaverde
- Epic Sciences, San Diego, CA; Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX
| | - R Graf
- Epic Sciences, San Diego, CA; Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX
| | - MK Levin
- Epic Sciences, San Diego, CA; Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX
| | - S Hippely
- Epic Sciences, San Diego, CA; Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX
| | - Y Wang
- Epic Sciences, San Diego, CA; Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX
| | - M Landers
- Epic Sciences, San Diego, CA; Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX
| | - R Dittamore
- Epic Sciences, San Diego, CA; Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX
| | - JA O'Shaughnessy
- Epic Sciences, San Diego, CA; Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX
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8
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Schneider M, Limani P, Linecker M, Kron P, Petrosky H, Pestalozzi B, Jetter A, Graf R, Humar B, Lehn JM, Clavien PA. First evidence of antitumor activity of ITPP, a novel hypoxia-modifier: Results of a phase Ib trial. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy487.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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9
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Roth L, Breuer E, Gupta A, Graf R, Clavien PA, Lehmann K. The impact of HIPEC on the anticancer immune response. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy487.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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10
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Graf R, Longo JL, Hughes ZA. The location discrimination reversal task in mice is sensitive to deficits in performance caused by aging, pharmacological and other challenges. J Psychopharmacol 2018; 32:1027-1036. [PMID: 29897000 DOI: 10.1177/0269881118779383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in hippocampal-mediated pattern separation are one aspect of cognitive function affected in schizophrenia (SZ) or Alzheimer's disease (AD). To develop novel therapies, it is beneficial to explore this specific aspect of cognition preclinically. The location discrimination reversal (LDR) task is a hippocampal-dependent operant paradigm that evaluates spatial learning and cognitive flexibility using touchscreens. Here we assessed baseline performance as well as multimodal disease-relevant manipulations in mice. Mice were trained to discriminate between the locations of two images where the degree of separation impacted performance. Administration of putative pro-cognitive agents was unable to improve performance at narrow separation. Furthermore, a range of disease-relevant manipulations were characterized to assess whether performance could be impaired and restored. Pertinent to the cholinergic loss in AD, scopolamine (0.1 mg/kg) produced a disruption in LDR, which was attenuated by donepezil (1 mg/kg). Consistent with NMDA hypofunction in cognitive impairment associated with SZ, MK-801 (0.1 mg/kg) also disrupted performance; however, this deficit was not modified by rolipram. Microdeletion of genes associated with SZ (22q11) resulted in impaired performance, which was restored by rolipram (0.032 mg/kg). Since aging and inflammation affect cognition and are risk factors for AD, these aspects were also evaluated. Aged mice were slower to acquire the task than young mice and did not reach the same level of performance. A systemic inflammatory challenge (lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 1 mg/kg) produced prolonged (7 days) deficits in the LDR task. These data suggest that LDR task is a valuable platform for evaluating disease-relevant deficits in pattern separation and offers potential for identifying novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Graf
- Pfizer Internal Medicine Research Unit, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jami L Longo
- Pfizer Internal Medicine Research Unit, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zoë A Hughes
- Pfizer Internal Medicine Research Unit, Cambridge, MA, USA
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11
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Graf R, Guscetti F, Welle M, Meier D, Pospischil A. Feline Injection Site Sarcomas: Data from Switzerland 2009–2014. J Comp Pathol 2018; 163:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Modi ME, Brooks JM, Guilmette ER, Beyna M, Graf R, Reim D, Schmeisser MJ, Boeckers TM, O'Donnell P, Buhl DL. Hyperactivity and Hypermotivation Associated With Increased Striatal mGluR1 Signaling in a Shank2 Rat Model of Autism. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:107. [PMID: 29970986 PMCID: PMC6018399 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the SHANK family of genes have been consistently identified in genetic and genomic screens of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The functional overlap of SHANK with several other ASD-associated genes suggests synaptic dysfunction as a convergent mechanism of pathophysiology in ASD. Although many ASD-related mutations result in alterations to synaptic function, the nature of those dysfunctions and the consequential behavioral manifestations are highly variable when expressed in genetic mouse models. To investigate the phylogenetic conservation of phenotypes resultant of Shank2 loss-of-function in a translationally relevant animal model, we generated and characterized a novel transgenic rat with a targeted mutation of the Shank2 gene, enabling an evaluation of gene-associated phenotypes, the elucidation of complex behavioral phenotypes, and the characterization of potential translational biomarkers. The Shank2 loss-of-function mutation resulted in a notable phenotype of hyperactivity encompassing hypermotivation, increased locomotion, and repetitive behaviors. Mutant rats also expressed deficits in social behavior throughout development and in the acquisition of operant tasks. The hyperactive phenotype was associated with an upregulation of mGluR1 expression, increased dendritic branching, and enhanced long-term depression (LTD) in the striatum but opposing morphological and cellular alterations in the hippocampus (HP). Administration of the mGluR1 antagonist JNJ16259685 selectively normalized the expression of striatally mediated repetitive behaviors and physiology but had no effect on social deficits. Finally, Shank2 mutant animals also exhibited alterations in electroencephalography (EEG) spectral power and event-related potentials, which may serve as translatable EEG biomarkers of synaptopathic alterations. Our results show a novel hypermotivation phenotype that is unique to the rat model of Shank2 dysfunction, in addition to the traditional hyperactive and repetitive behaviors observed in mouse models. The hypermotivated and hyperactive phenotype is associated with striatal dysfunction, which should be explored further as a targetable mechanism for impairment in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera E Modi
- Pfizer Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Julie M Brooks
- Pfizer Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Edward R Guilmette
- Pfizer Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Mercedes Beyna
- Pfizer Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Radka Graf
- Pfizer Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Dominik Reim
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael J Schmeisser
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Division of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tobias M Boeckers
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Patricio O'Donnell
- Pfizer Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Derek L Buhl
- Pfizer Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
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13
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Araya S, Kuster E, Gluch D, Mariotta L, Lutz C, Reding TV, Graf R, Verrey F, Camargo SMR. Exocrine pancreas glutamate secretion help to sustain enterocyte nutritional needs under protein restriction. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 314:G517-G536. [PMID: 29167114 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00135.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glutamine (Gln) is the most concentrated amino acid in blood and considered conditionally essential. Its requirement is increased during physiological stress, such as malnutrition or illness, despite its production by muscle and other organs. In the malnourished state, Gln has been suggested to have a trophic effect on the exocrine pancreas and small intestine. However, the Gln transport capacity, the functional relationship of these two organs, and the potential role of the Gln-glutamate (Glu) cycle are unknown. We observed that pancreatic acinar cells express lower levels of Glu than Gln transporters. Consistent with this expression pattern, the rate of Glu influx into acinar cells was approximately sixfold lower than that of Gln. During protein restriction, acinar cell glutaminase expression was increased and Gln accumulation was maintained. Moreover, Glu secretion by acinar cells into pancreatic juice and thus into the lumen of the small intestine was maintained. In the intestinal lumen, Glu absorption was preserved and Glu dehydrogenase expression was augmented, potentially providing the substrates for increasing energy production via the TCA cycle. Our findings suggest that one mechanism by which Gln exerts a positive effect on exocrine pancreas and small intestine involves the Gln metabolism in acinar cells and the secretion of Glu into the small intestine lumen. The exocrine pancreas acinar cells not only avidly accumulate Gln but metabolize Gln to generate energy and to synthesize Glu for secretion in the pancreatic juice. Secreted Glu is suggested to play an important role during malnourishment in sustaining small intestinal homeostasis. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Glutamine (Gln) has been suggested to have a trophic effect on exocrine pancreas and small intestine in malnourished states, but the mechanism is unknown. In this study, we suggest that this trophic effect derives from an interorgan relationship between exocrine pancreas and small intestine for Gln-glutamate (Glu) utilization involving the uptake and metabolism of Gln in acinar cells and secretion of Glu into the lumen of the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Araya
- Institute of Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - E Kuster
- Institute of Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - D Gluch
- Institute of Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - L Mariotta
- Institute of Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - C Lutz
- Institute of Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - T V Reding
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - R Graf
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - F Verrey
- Institute of Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - S M R Camargo
- Institute of Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
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Abstract
Hip sonography in the “Graf technique” is an important tool to detect early DDH cases and dysplastic hips in the German speaking countries, although hip sonography is still controversially discussed in the English speaking countries. The reason may be different techniques with different classification and outcome. Exact anatomical identification, measurement technique, typing, difference between instability and elasticity with a reproducible “standard plane” is absolutely necessary to make hip ultrasound (US) comparable and reliable. US screening had reduced open reductions in Germany to 1:4000, in Austria to 0.23 per thousand. Because of the early screening and earlier less aggressive treatment, the overall costs could be reduced by 1/3 in comparison to the pre-ultrasound area. US screening seems to prevent many, but not all operations and can be recommended as an important tool for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Graf
- General and Orthopaedic Hospital, Stolzalpe - Austria
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15
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Rellstab C, Fischer MC, Zoller S, Graf R, Tedder A, Shimizu KK, Widmer A, Holderegger R, Gugerli F. Local adaptation (mostly) remains local: reassessing environmental associations of climate-related candidate SNPs in Arabidopsis halleri. Heredity (Edinb) 2017; 118:193-201. [PMID: 27703154 PMCID: PMC5234484 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2016.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous landscape genomic studies have identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genes potentially involved in local adaptation. Rarely, it has been explicitly evaluated whether these environmental associations also hold true beyond the populations studied. We tested whether putatively adaptive SNPs in Arabidopsis halleri (Brassicaceae), characterized in a previous study investigating local adaptation to a highly heterogeneous environment, show the same environmental associations in an independent, geographically enlarged set of 18 populations. We analysed new SNP data of 444 plants with the same methodology (partial Mantel tests, PMTs) as in the original study and additionally with a latent factor mixed model (LFMM) approach. Of the 74 candidate SNPs, 41% (PMTs) and 51% (LFMM) were associated with environmental factors in the independent data set. However, only 5% (PMTs) and 15% (LFMM) of the associations showed the same environment-allele relationships as in the original study. In total, we found 11 genes (31%) containing the same association in the original and independent data set. These can be considered prime candidate genes for environmental adaptation at a broader geographical scale. Our results suggest that selection pressures in highly heterogeneous alpine environments vary locally and signatures of selection are likely to be population-specific. Thus, genotype-by-environment interactions underlying adaptation are more heterogeneous and complex than is often assumed, which might represent a problem when testing for adaptation at specific loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rellstab
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - M C Fischer
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Integrative Biology, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S Zoller
- ETH Zürich, Genetic Diversity Centre, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - R Graf
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - A Tedder
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies and Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K K Shimizu
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies and Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Widmer
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Integrative Biology, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - R Holderegger
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Integrative Biology, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F Gugerli
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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Graf R, Lu D, Krupa R, Louw J, Dugan L, Jendrisak A, Orr S, Bethel K, Wang Y, Suraneni M, Landers M, Boffa D, Nieva J, Bazhenova L, Salazar M, Makani S, Magana M, Dittamore R. PD-L1 expression on circulating CD45(-) cells is an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) in patients (Pts) across all stages of treatment-naïve lung cancer in a prospective, multicenter study. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw363.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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17
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Scher H, Graf R, Schreiber N, Lu D, Louw J, Alvarez HV, Bambury R, Danila D, McLaughlin B, Heller G, Fleisher M, Dittamore R. Impact of AR-V7 protein localization in the prediction of therapeutic benefit of taxanes over androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSi) in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw372.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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18
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Belic J, Ulz P, Graf R, Auer M, Fischereder K, Hoefler G, Bauernhofer T, Geigl J, Heitzer E, Speicher M. Whole-genome sequencing of circulating tumor DNA reveals relevance of focal amplifications for the management of metastatic prostate cancer. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)61030-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Kron P, Linecker M, Graf R, Clavien PA. Leadership in the 21st century. Eur Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10353-016-0419-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Graf R, Grüntzig K, Hässig M, Axhausen K, Fabrikant S, Welle M, Meier D, Guscetti F, Folkers G, Otto V, Pospischil A. Swiss Feline Cancer Registry: A Retrospective Study of the Occurrence of Tumours in Cats in Switzerland from 1965 to 2008. J Comp Pathol 2015; 153:266-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Herrmann IK, Schlegel AA, Graf R, Stark WJ, Beck-Schimmer B. Magnetic separation-based blood purification: a promising new approach for the removal of disease-causing compounds? J Nanobiotechnology 2015; 13:49. [PMID: 26253109 PMCID: PMC4528690 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-015-0110-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies report promising results regarding extracorporeal magnetic separation-based blood purification for the rapid and selective removal of disease-causing compounds from whole blood. High molecular weight compounds, bacteria and cells can be eliminated from blood within minutes, hence offering novel treatment strategies for the management of intoxications and blood stream infections. However, risks associated with incomplete particle separation and the biological consequences of particles entering circulation remain largely unclear. This article discusses the promising future of magnetic separation-based purification while keeping important safety considerations in mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- I K Herrmann
- Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Institute of Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - A A Schlegel
- Department of Surgery, Swiss HPB and Transplant Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - R Graf
- Department of Surgery, Swiss HPB and Transplant Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - W J Stark
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Beatrice Beck-Schimmer
- Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Institute of Physiology and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Grüntzig K, Graf R, Hässig M, Welle M, Meier D, Lott G, Erni D, Schenker N, Guscetti F, Boo G, Axhausen K, Fabrikant S, Folkers G, Pospischil A. Corrigendum to “The Swiss Canine Cancer Registry: A Retrospective Study on the Occurrence of Tumours in Dogs in Switzerland from 1955 to 2008” [J Comp Pathol 152 (2–3) (2015) 161–171]. J Comp Pathol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Pospischil A, Grüntzig K, Graf R, Boo G, Hässig M, Welle M. Krebsregister für Hunde und Katzen in der Schweiz (1955 – 2008). Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1552902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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24
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Grüntzig K, Graf R, Hässig M, Welle M, Meier D, Lott G, Erni D, Schenker N, Guscetti F, Boo G, Axhausen K, Fabrikant S, Folkers G, Pospischil A. The Swiss Canine Cancer Registry: A Retrospective Study on the Occurrence of Tumours in Dogs in Switzerland from 1955 to 2008. J Comp Pathol 2015; 152:161-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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25
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Gramer M, Feuerstein D, Steimers A, Takagaki M, Kumagai T, Sué M, Vollmar S, Kohl-Bareis M, Backes H, Graf R. Device for simultaneous positron emission tomography, laser speckle imaging and RGB reflectometry: validation and application to cortical spreading depression and brain ischemia in rats. Neuroimage 2014; 94:250-262. [PMID: 24657778 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain function critically relies on the supply with energy substrates (oxygen and glucose) via blood flow. Alterations in energy demand as during neuronal activation induce dynamic changes in substrate fluxes and blood flow. To study the complex system that regulates cerebral metabolism requires the combination of methods for the simultaneous assessment of multiple parameters. We developed a multimodal imaging device to combine positron emission tomography (PET) with laser speckle imaging (LSI) and RGB reflectometry (RGBR). Depending on the radiotracer, PET provides 3-dimensional quantitative information of specific molecular processes, while LSI and RGBR measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) and hemoglobin oxygenation at high temporal and spatial resolution. We first tested the functional capability of each modality within our system and showed that interference between the modalities is negligible. We then cross-calibrated the system by simultaneously measuring absolute CBF using (15)O-H2O PET (CBF(PET)) and the inverse correlation time (ICT), the LSI surrogate for CBF. ICT and CBF(PET) correlated in multiple measurements in individuals as well as across different animals (R(2)=0.87, n=44 measurements) indicating that ICT can be used for absolute quantitative assessment of CBF. To demonstrate the potential of the combined system, we applied it to cortical spreading depression (CSD), a wave of transient cellular depolarization that served here as a model system for neurovascular and neurometabolic coupling. We analyzed time courses of hemoglobin oxygenation and CBF alterations coupled to CSD, and simultaneously measured regional uptake of (18)F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG) used as a radiotracer for regional glucose metabolism, in response to a single CSD and to a cluster of CSD waves. With this unique combination, we characterized the changes in cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) in real-time and showed a correlation between (18)F-FDG uptake and the number of CSD waves that passed the local tissue. Finally, we examined CSD spontaneously occurring during focal ischemia also referred to as peri-infarct depolarization (PID). In the vicinity of the ischemic territory, we observed PIDs that were characterized by reduced CMRO2 and increased oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), indicating a limitation of oxygen supply. Simultaneously measured PET showed an increased (18)F-FDG uptake in these regions. Our combined system proved to be a novel tool for the simultaneous study of dynamic spatiotemporal alterations of cortical blood flow, oxygen metabolism and glucose consumption under normal and pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gramer
- Max-Planck-Institute of Neurological Research, Gleueler Str. 50, 50825 Cologne, Germany.
| | - D Feuerstein
- Max-Planck-Institute of Neurological Research, Gleueler Str. 50, 50825 Cologne, Germany
| | - A Steimers
- RheinAhrCampus Remagen, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, Joseph-Rovan Allee 2, 53424 Remagen, Germany
| | - M Takagaki
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T Kumagai
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - M Sué
- Max-Planck-Institute of Neurological Research, Gleueler Str. 50, 50825 Cologne, Germany
| | - S Vollmar
- Max-Planck-Institute of Neurological Research, Gleueler Str. 50, 50825 Cologne, Germany
| | - M Kohl-Bareis
- RheinAhrCampus Remagen, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, Joseph-Rovan Allee 2, 53424 Remagen, Germany
| | - H Backes
- Max-Planck-Institute of Neurological Research, Gleueler Str. 50, 50825 Cologne, Germany
| | - R Graf
- Max-Planck-Institute of Neurological Research, Gleueler Str. 50, 50825 Cologne, Germany
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Graf R, Hansen MR, Hinderberger D, Muennemann K, Spiess HW. Advanced magnetic resonance strategies for the elucidation of nanostructured soft matter. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:9700-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54614d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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27
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Badakhshi H, Barelkowski T, Wust P, Budach V, Boehmer D, Graf R. Intrafraction variations in linac-based image-guided radiosurgery of intracranial lesions. Cancer Radiother 2013; 17:664-7. [PMID: 24176665 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated image-guided patient positioning during frameless, mask-based, single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery of intracranial lesions and intrafractional translational and rotational variations in patient positions. PATIENTS AND METHODS A non-invasive head and neck thermoplastic mask was used for immobilization. The Exactrac/Novalis Body system (BrainLAB AG, Germany) was used for kV X-ray imaging guided positioning. Intrafraction displacement data, obtained by imaging after each new table position, were evaluated. RESULTS There were 269 radiosurgery treatments performed on 190 patients and a total of 967 setups within different angles. The first measured error after each table rotation (mean 2.6) was evaluated (698 measurements). Intrafraction translational errors were (1 standard deviation [SD]) on average 0.8, 0.8, and 0.7mm for the left-right, superior-inferior, and anterior-posterior directions, respectively, with a mean 3D-vector of 1.0mm (SD 0.9mm) and a range from -5mm to +5mm. On average, 12%, 3%, and 1% of the translational deviations exceeded 1, 2, and 3mm, respectively, in the three directions. CONCLUSION The range of intrafraction patient motion in frameless image-guided stereotactic radiosurgery is often not fully mapped by pre- and post-treatment imaging. In the current study, intrafraction motion was assessed by performing measurements at several time points during the course of stereotactic radiosurgery. It was determined that 12% of the intrafraction values in the three dimensions are above 1mm, the usual safety margin applied in stereotactic radiosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Badakhshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Charité School of Medicine and University Hospital, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
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28
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Jang J, Arni S, Perparim L, Graf R, Clavien P, De Meester I, Hillinger S, Weder W, Jungraithmayr W. 11P THE INHIBITION OF CD26/DPP4 REDUCES LUNG TUMOUR GROWTH IN MICE. Lung Cancer 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(13)70233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Moon J, McGinnis D, Smith DL, Graf R, Hughes Z, Grimwood S, Miller E, Trapa P, Shaffer CL, Siok CJ. An investigation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 negative allosteric modulators in physiological and behavioral indicators of anxiety and cognition in rodents. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1099.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Radka Graf
- Neuroscience ResearchPfizer Inc.CambridgeMA
| | - Zoe Hughes
- Neuroscience ResearchPfizer Inc.CambridgeMA
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Steimers A, Gramer M, Takagaki M, Graf R, Lindauer U, Kohl-Bareis M. Simultaneous imaging of cortical blood flow and haemoglobin concentration with LASCA and RGB reflectometry. Adv Exp Med Biol 2013; 789:427-433. [PMID: 23852525 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-7411-1_57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a system for the simultaneous imaging of cortical blood flow and haemoglobin oxygenation by laser speckle contrast analysis (LASCA) and RGB reflectometry. The sensitivity of the system was tested by observing changes of haemoglobin oxygenation and blood flow in rats in response to ischaemic stroke, hypercapnia, hyperoxia, hypoxia, cortical spreading depression and cortical activation following forepaw stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Steimers
- RheinAhr Campus Remagen, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, Remagen, Germany.
| | - M Gramer
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - M Takagaki
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - R Graf
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - U Lindauer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Kohl-Bareis
- RheinAhr Campus Remagen, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, Remagen, Germany
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31
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Yao Y, Rastogi S, Xue H, Chen Q, Graf R, Verhoef R. Segmental mobility in the noncrystalline regions of nascent polyethylene synthesized using two different catalytic systems with implications on solid-state deformation. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Graf R, Spiess HW, Floudas G, Butt HJ, Gkikas M, Iatrou H. Conformational Transitions of Poly(l-proline) in Copolypeptides with Poly(γ-benzyl-l-glutamate) Induced by Packing. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301906m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Graf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, D-55021 Mainz, Germany
| | - H. W. Spiess
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, D-55021 Mainz, Germany
| | - G. Floudas
- Department
of Physics, University of Ioannina, P.O.
Box 1186, GR-45110 Ioannina,
Greece
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, D-55021 Mainz, Germany
| | - H.-J. Butt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, D-55021 Mainz, Germany
| | - M. Gkikas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou,
GR-15771 Athens, Greece
| | - H. Iatrou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou,
GR-15771 Athens, Greece
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Gukasjan R, Raptis D, Schulz HU, Halangk W, Graf R. Pancreatic stone protein: a new predictor of outcome in patients with peritonitis. Crit Care 2012. [PMCID: PMC3504863 DOI: 10.1186/cc11749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Buehler D, Graf R, Holderegger R, Gugerli F. Contemporary gene flow and mating system of Arabis alpina in a Central European alpine landscape. Ann Bot 2012; 109:1359-67. [PMID: 22492332 PMCID: PMC3359921 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcs066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Gene flow is important in counteracting the divergence of populations but also in spreading genes among populations. However, contemporary gene flow is not well understood across alpine landscapes. The aim of this study was to estimate contemporary gene flow through pollen and to examine the realized mating system in the alpine perennial plant, Arabis alpina (Brassicaceae). METHODS An entire sub-alpine to alpine landscape of 2 km(2) was exhaustively sampled in the Swiss Alps. Eighteen nuclear microsatellite loci were used to genotype 595 individuals and 499 offspring from 49 maternal plants. Contemporary gene flow by pollen was estimated from paternity analysis, matching the genotypes of maternal plants and offspring to the pool of likely father plants. Realized mating patterns and genetic structure were also estimated. KEY RESULTS Paternity analysis revealed several long-distance gene flow events (≤1 km). However, most outcrossing pollen was dispersed close to the mother plants, and 84 % of all offspring were selfed. Individuals that were spatially close were more related than by chance and were also more likely to be connected by pollen dispersal. CONCLUSIONS In the alpine landscape studied, genetic structure occurred on small spatial scales as expected for alpine plants. However, gene flow also covered large distances. This makes it plausible for alpine plants to spread beneficial alleles at least via pollen across landscapes at a short time scale. Thus, gene flow potentially facilitates rapid adaptation in A. alpina likely to be required under ongoing climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Buehler
- WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Integrative Biology, Universitätsstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - R. Graf
- WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - R. Holderegger
- WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Integrative Biology, Universitätsstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F. Gugerli
- WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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Schlapbach L, Graf R, Woerner A, Nelle M, Stocker M, Fontana M, Zimmermann-Baer U, Glauser D, Giannoni E, Roger T, Mueller C. Pancreatic stone protein as a novel marker for neonatal sepsis. Crit Care 2012. [PMCID: PMC3504879 DOI: 10.1186/cc11765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Schroeter M, Walberer M, Jantzen S, Backes H, Rueger M, Neumaier B, Endepols H, Hoehn M, Graf R, Fink G. In-Vivo Detection of Late Persistent Microglia Activation in the Chronic Phase of Embolic Stoke in Rats (PD2.002). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.pd2.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Rueger MA, Muesken S, Walberer M, Jantzen SU, Schnakenburg K, Backes H, Graf R, Neumaier B, Hoehn M, Fink GR, Schroeter M. Effects of minocycline on endogenous neural stem cells after experimental stroke. Neuroscience 2012; 215:174-83. [PMID: 22542871 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Minocycline has been reported to reduce infarct size after focal cerebral ischemia, due to an attenuation of microglia activation and prevention of secondary damage from stroke-induced neuroinflammation. We here investigated the effects of minocycline on endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro and in a rat stroke model. Primary cultures of fetal rat NSCs were exposed to minocycline to characterize its effects on cell survival and proliferation. To assess these effects in vivo, permanent cerebral ischemia was induced in adult rats, treated systemically with minocycline or placebo. Imaging 7 days after ischemia comprised (i) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), assessing the extent of infarcts, (ii) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with [(11)C]PK11195, characterizing neuroinflammation, and (iii) PET with 3'-deoxy-3'-[(18)F]fluoro-L-thymidine ([(18)F]FLT), detecting proliferating endogenous NSCs. Immunohistochemistry was used to verify ischemic damage and characterize cellular inflammatory and repair processes in more detail. In vitro, specific concentrations of minocycline significantly increased NSC numbers without increasing their proliferation, indicating a positive effect of minocycline on NSC survival. In vivo, endogenous NSC activation in the subventricular zone (SVZ) measured by [(18)F]FLT PET correlated well with infarct volumes. Similar to in vitro findings, minocycline led to a specific increase in endogenous NSC activity in both the SVZ as well as the hippocampus. [(11)C]PK11195 PET detected neuroinflammation in the infarct core as well as in peri-infarct regions, with both its extent and location independent of the infarct size. The data did not reveal an effect of minocycline on stroke-induced neuroinflammation. We show that multimodal PET imaging can be used to characterize and quantify complex cellular processes occurring after stroke, as well as their modulation by therapeutic agents. We found minocycline, previously implied in attenuating microglial activation, to have positive effects on endogenous NSC survival. These findings hold promise for the development of novel treatments in stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Rueger
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany.
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Dohmen C, Kowoll C, Reiner M, Woitzik J, Fink GR, Graf R. Spreading Depolarizations kreisen speziesübergreifend repetitiv um ischämische Infarkte und vergrößern sie dadurch. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1301491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Rueger MA, Backes H, Walberer M, Neumaier B, Ullrich R, Emig B, Simard ML, Fink GR, Hoehn M, Graf R, Schroeter M. Non-invasive imaging of endogenous neural stem cell mobilization in vivo using Positron Emission Tomography. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1301486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Malamas MS, Ni Y, Erdei J, Stange H, Schindler R, Lankau HJ, Grunwald C, Fan KY, Parris K, Langen B, Egerland U, Hage T, Marquis KL, Grauer S, Brennan J, Navarra R, Graf R, Harrison BL, Robichaud A, Kronbach T, Pangalos MN, Hoefgen N, Brandon NJ. Highly potent, selective, and orally active phosphodiesterase 10A inhibitors. J Med Chem 2011; 54:7621-38. [PMID: 21988093 DOI: 10.1021/jm2009138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The identification of highly potent and orally active phenylpyrazines for the inhibition of PDE10A is reported. The new analogues exhibit subnanomolar potency for PDE10A, demonstrate high selectivity against all other members of the PDE family, and show desired druglike properties. Employing structure-based drug design approaches, we methodically explored two key regions of the binding pocket of the PDE10A enzyme to alter the planarity of the parent compound 1 and optimize its affinity for PDE10A. Bulky substituents at the C9 position led to elimination of the mutagenicity of 1, while a crucial hydrogen bond interaction with Glu716 markedly enhanced its potency and selectivity. A systematic assessment of the ADME and PK properties of the new analogues led to druglike development candidates. One of the more potent compounds, 96, displayed an IC(50) for PDE10A of 0.7 nM and was active in predictive antipsychotic animal models.
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Fabricius M, Dreier J, Graf R, Hartings J, Lauritzen M, Strong A. W4.3 Long-term neuromonitoring of the electrocorticogram in malignant stroke, subarachnoid and intracranial hemorrhage, and traumatic brain injury: role of cortical spreading depression. Clin Neurophysiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(11)60050-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Schuppers ME, Rosenberg G, Graf R, Eidam V, Wittwer C, Zimmermann W, Gottstein B, Frey CF. A study to demonstrate freedom from Trichinella spp. in domestic pigs in Switzerland. Zoonoses Public Health 2011; 57:e130-5. [PMID: 19968841 DOI: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01299.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Trichinellosis is a food-borne zoonotic disease caused by the nematode Trichinella spp. Many omnivorous and carnivorous animal species can act as host for this parasite, including domestic pigs. To protect public health, it should be ensured that pork should not contain infective Trichinella larvae. Surveillance for Trichinella spp. can be done using direct (larval detection) and indirect (antibody detection) diagnostic techniques. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the absence of infection in Swiss domestic pigs. An ELISA was used as the initial screening test, and sera reacting in ELISA were further investigated using both a Western blot for serology and an artificial digestion test with 20 g of diaphragm tissue for larval detection. A total of 7412 adult pigs, 9973 finishing pigs and 2779 free-ranging pigs were tested. Samples from 17 (0.23%) adult pigs, 16 (0.16%) finishing pigs and nine (0.32%) free-ranging pigs were ELISA-positive, but all of these sera were subsequently negative by Western blot and by the artificial digestion method. Based on these findings, an absence of Trichinella infections in adult pigs (target prevalence 0.04%) and finishing pigs (target prevalence 0.03%) can be concluded. The results also demonstrated that the prevalence of Trichinella infections does not exceed 0.11% in free-ranging pigs, the group with the highest risk of exposure.
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Garro Linck Y, Chattah AK, Graf R, Romañuk CB, Olivera ME, Manzo RH, Monti GA, Spiess HW. Multinuclear solid state NMR investigation of two polymorphic forms of ciprofloxacin-saccharinate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:6590-6. [PMID: 21384011 DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02919j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two polymorphic forms of a novel pharmaceutical compound, ciprofloxacin-saccharinate (CIP-SAC), are analyzed using one dimensional (1D) and two dimensional (2D) (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at fast magic angle spinning (MAS). Additionally (15)N spectroscopy and (1)H-(13)C correlation experiments were performed to complement our conclusions. The 1D (1)H NMR spectra of CIP and complexes reveal valuable information about the ionic bonding between ciprofloxacin and saccharine. Additionally, these spectra allow us to perform a clear characterization of each solid form, giving the number of molecules per unit cell in one of the polymorphs. From 2D (1)H-(1)H spectra obtained through double quantum correlations we can arrive at important conclusions about the hydrogen bonding, conformation, and intra and inter-molecular interactions present in these compounds. Comparing and contrasting the (1)H-(1)H correlation data obtained for both polymorphic forms and taking into account the single crystal structure data existing for the solid form CIP-SAC (II) was possible to extract some conclusions on the polymorph CIP-SAC (I) where no single crystal information is available. (1)H MAS NMR is shown to be an important tool in the field of polymorphism and for the characterization of multicomponent pharmaceutical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Garro Linck
- Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
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Scherer C, Utech S, Scholz S, Noskov S, Kindervater P, Graf R, Thünemann A, Maskos M. Synthesis, characterization and fine-tuning of bimodal poly(organosiloxane) nanoparticles. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Nyuyki F, Graf R, Fahdt D, Michel R, Geworski L, Brenner W, Plotkin M. 21 oral: Use of GA-68-Dotatoc PET/CT for Planning the Stereotactic RT in Scull Base Meningiomas. Radiother Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)34440-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Haydar SN, Yun H, Andrae PM, Mattes J, Zhang J, Kramer A, Smith DL, Huselton C, Graf R, Aschmies S, Schechter LE, Comery TA, Robichaud AJ. 5-Cyclic Amine-3-arylsulfonylindazoles as Novel 5-HT6 Receptor Antagonists. J Med Chem 2010; 53:2521-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jm901674f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Christine Huselton
- Drug Safety and Metabolism, Wyeth Research, 500 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426
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Mohajer MA, Hofmann F, Graf R. Retrospective and consecutive analysis of the long-term outcomes of the SBG stem: a 15-year follow-up study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2010; 130:185-90. [PMID: 19609540 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-009-0929-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 1991, 230 cementless total hip arthroplasties (THAs) with anatomical Stolzalpe-Buchner-Graf (SBG) stems were implanted in 230 patients at our hospital. Patients were examined retrospectively and consecutively 15 years after the operations. METHODS In total, 118 patients were available for follow-up (average 12.8 +/- 3.8 years postoperatively), with 44 examined clinically/radiologically at our hospital and 74 interviewed by telephone. Five THAs needed revision (stem explantation), three for aseptic loosening. Average patient age at the time of surgery was 61 years (27-91 years). For all THAs, we implanted ceramic-to-metal heads in combination with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene inlay (ceramic/polyethylene and metal/polyethylene articulating components). RESULTS The survival rate of the SBG stem was 98.13% (CI 94.32-99.39%) with aseptic loosening as the endpoint and 96.98% (CI 92.85-98.74%) with revision and stem explantation for any other reason as the endpoint. The average Harris Hip Score was 36.0 +/- 6.9 (range 22-45) preoperatively, increasing to 88.2 +/- 15.3 (30-100) for clinically evaluated patients and 80.3 +/- 11.3 (27-91) for telephone-interviewed patients at 15 years postoperatively. Osteolysis and radiolucent lines around the prosthetic stem were rarely observed (mainly at the proximal diaphysis). CONCLUSION These follow-up results emphasize the excellent long-term outcomes associated with the SBG stem.
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Logue SF, Grauer SM, Paulsen J, Graf R, Taylor N, Sung MA, Zhang L, Hughes Z, Pulito VL, Liu F. The orphan GPCR, GPR88, modulates function of the striatal dopamine system: A possible therapeutic target for psychiatric disorders? Mol Cell Neurosci 2009; 42:438-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2009.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2009] [Revised: 09/03/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Brennan JA, Graf R, Grauer SM, Navarra RL, Pulicicchio CM, Hughes ZA, Lin Q, Wantuch C, Rosenzweig-Lipson S, Pruthi F, Lai M, Smith D, Goutier W, van de Neut M, Robichaud AJ, Rotella D, Feenstra RW, Kruse C, Broqua P, Beyer CE, McCreary AC, Pausch MH, Marquis KL. WS-50030 [7-{4-[3-(1H-inden-3-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1,3-benzoxazol-2(3H)-one]: a novel dopamine D2 receptor partial agonist/serotonin reuptake inhibitor with preclinical antipsychotic-like and antidepressant-like activity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2009; 332:190-201. [PMID: 19828876 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.109.157388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The preclinical characterization of WS-50030 [7-{4-[3-(1H-inden-3-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1,3-benzoxazol-2(3H)-one] is described. In vitro binding and functional studies revealed highest affinity to the D(2) receptor (D(2L) K(i), 4.0 nM) and serotonin transporter (K(i), 7.1 nM), potent D(2) partial agonist activity (EC(50), 0.38 nM; E(max), 30%), and complete block of the serotonin transporter (IC(50), 56.4 nM). Consistent with this in vitro profile, WS-50030 (10 mg/kg/day, 21 days) significantly increased extracellular 5-HT in the rat medial prefrontal cortex, short-term WS-50030 treatment blocked apomorphine-induced climbing (ID(50), 0.51 mg/kg) in a dose range that produced minimal catalepsy in mice and induced low levels of contralateral rotation in rats with unilateral substantia nigra 6-hydroxydopamine lesions (10 mg/kg i.p.), a behavioral profile similar to that of the D(2) partial agonist aripiprazole. In a rat model predictive of antipsychotic-like activity, WS-50030 and aripiprazole reduced conditioned avoidance responding by 42 and 55% at 10 mg/kg, respectively. Despite aripiprazole's reported lack of effect on serotonin transporters, long-term treatment with aripiprazole or WS-50030 reversed olfactory bulbectomy-induced hyperactivity at doses that did not reduce activity in sham-operated rats, indicating antidepressant-like activity for both compounds. Despite possessing serotonin reuptake inhibitory activity in addition to D(2) receptor partial agonism, WS-50030 displays activity in preclinical models predictive of antipsychotic- and antidepressant efficacy similar to aripiprazole, suggesting potential efficacy of WS-50030 versus positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, comorbid mood symptoms, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and treatment-resistant depression. Furthermore, WS-50030 provides a tool to further explore how combining these mechanisms might differentiate from other antipsychotics or antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Brennan
- Discovery Neuroscience, Wyeth Research, CN8000, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA.
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Rotella DP, McFarlane GR, Greenfield A, Grosanu C, Robichaud AJ, Denny RA, Feenstra RW, Núñez-García S, Reinders JH, Neut MVD, McCreary A, Kruse CG, Sullivan K, Pruthi F, Lai M, Zhang J, Kowal DM, Carrick T, Grauer SM, Navarra RL, Graf R, Brennan J, Marquis KL, Pausch MH. Tetrahydrocarbazole-based serotonin reuptake inhibitor/dopamine D2 partial agonists for the potential treatment of schizophrenia. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:5552-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Revised: 08/11/2009] [Accepted: 08/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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