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Sujan MSH, Tasnim R, Haghighathoseini A, Hasan MM, Islam MS. Investigating posttraumatic stress disorder among COVID-19 recovered patients: A cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14499. [PMID: 36942241 PMCID: PMC10015743 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background During the 21st century, pandemics have emerged frequently and become more challenging. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is among the most prominent examples. A considerable public health issue following the pandemic is posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). COVID-19-recovered patients are highly susceptible to developing PTSD. Earlier epidemic studies showed a high prevalence of trauma-exposed people as a result of infectious diseases. This research aimed to quantify the estimated prevalence of PTSD and its contributing variables among COVID-19-recovered patients in Bangladesh. Methods This was a cross-sectional research carried out through an e-survey comprising 326 individuals (69.0% male; mean age = 37.97 ± 13.02 years; age range = 18-76 years) and conducted between September 2020 to January 2021. The online survey included a section for gathering participant's informed permission as well as sections on key demographics and way of life, and social supports during the suffering period from acute COVID-19, as well as a PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) to examine PSTD. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses were performed. Results: The prevalence estimates of PTSD ranged between 36 and 41% based on three predefined cut-offs. As per multiple linear regression analysis, PTSD was much more common among those who took part and reported being middle-aged/older adults (≥40 years), having lower S.E.S., and who slept more (>9 h/day). In addition, PTSD was negatively associated (p <0.05) with the social support of family members/friends/relatives, and colleagues in working settings; while positively correlated with health care providers. Conclusion: The current investigation revealed a considerably higher level of PTSD among COVID-19-recovered patients. The findings suggest extending the mental health services, other covariates, and immediate intervention among national and international COVID-19 recovered patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Safaet Hossain Sujan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author. Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - Rafia Tasnim
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Md. Saiful Islam
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Sujan MH, Tasnim R, Islam MS, Ferdous M, Haghighathoseini A, Koly KN, Pardhan S. Financial hardship and mental health conditions in people with underlying health conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10499. [PMID: 36060462 PMCID: PMC9428118 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Financial hardship is a major concern for patients who are suffering from long-term underlying health conditions. It is likely that emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic would impose increased financial distress and lead to the development or exacerbation of mental health conditions. Objective The present study aimed to explore the relationship between financial hardship and mental health conditions (loneliness, anxiety, and depression) among patients with underlying health conditions in Bangladesh. Methods An e-survey based cross-sectional study was conducted among purposively selected 971 patients (50.1% male; mean age = 42.29 [SD = 15.86]) with underlying health conditions between November 2020 and January 2021. Depression, anxiety, and loneliness were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and UCLA loneliness scale, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine any associations between financial hardship and mental health conditions (loneliness, anxiety, and depression). Results 46.2% of participants reported experiencing financial difficulties, and a number of respondents (12.3%) had lost their jobs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The prevalence of anxiety, depression and loneliness were 35.2%, 38.9%, and 47.68%, respectively. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, age, gender, occupation, marital status, monthly income, self-reported health status and financial hardship were significantly associated with mental health conditions. Conclusions Mental health problems were prevalent among people with underlying health conditions and were also associated with financial difficulties. The findings suggest that care facilities should be strengthened by including psychosocial support components delivered with lower costs, particularly for patients with underlying health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md.Safaet Hossain Sujan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
| | - Rafia Tasnim
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
| | - Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
| | - Most.Zannatul Ferdous
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | | | - Kamrun Nahar Koly
- Health System and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - Shahina Pardhan
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Young Street, Cambridge UK
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Islam MS, Tasnim R, Sujan MSH, Bőthe B, Ferdous MZ, Sikder MT, Siddique MAB, Toma TY, Kamruzzaman S, Sakib MN, Pinky KN, Islam MR, Anter FS, Hossain A, Hossen I, Kraus SW, Potenza MN. Validation and Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Bangla Version of the Brief Pornography Screen in Men and Women. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00903-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Islam MS, Ferdous MZ, Sujan MSH, Tasnim R, Masud JHB, Kundu S, Mosaddek ASM, Choudhuri MSK, Kira IA, Gozal D. The psychometric properties of the Bangla Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5): preliminary reports from a large-scale validation study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:280. [PMID: 35443625 PMCID: PMC9020159 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03920-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5) is the most widely used screening tool in assessing posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders (DSM-5) criteria. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly translated Bangla PCL-5. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 10,605 individuals (61.0% male; mean age: 23.6 ± 5.5 [13-71 years]) during May and June 2020, several months after the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladesh. The survey included the Bangla PCL-5 and the PHQ-9 depression scale. We used confirmatory factor analysis to test the four-factor DSM-5 model, the six-factor Anhedonia model, and the seven-factor hybrid model. RESULTS The Bangla PCL-5 displayed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.90). The Bangla PCL-5 score was significantly correlated with scores of the PHQ-9 depression scale, confirming strong convergent validity. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated the models had a good fit to the data, including the four-factor DSM-5 model, the six-factor Anhedonia model, and the seven-factor hybrid model. Overall, the seven-factor hybrid model exhibited the best fit to the data. CONCLUSIONS The Bangla PCL-5 appears to be a valid and reliable psychometric screening tool that may be employed in the prospective evaluation of posttraumatic stress disorder in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Saiful Islam
- grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh ,Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh
| | - Most. Zannatul Ferdous
- grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh ,Quest Bangladesh Biomedical Research Center, Lalmatia, Dhaka-1207 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Safaet Hossain Sujan
- grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh ,Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh
| | - Rafia Tasnim
- grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh ,Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh
| | - Jakir Hossain Bhuiyan Masud
- Quest Bangladesh Biomedical Research Center, Lalmatia, Dhaka-1207 Bangladesh ,Public Health Informatics Foundation (PHIF), Mirpur, Dhaka-1216 Bangladesh
| | - Sourav Kundu
- Quest Bangladesh Biomedical Research Center, Lalmatia, Dhaka-1207 Bangladesh ,grid.444800.c0000 0000 9772 7011Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology, Shinagawa City, Tokyo, 140-0011 Japan
| | - Abu Syed Md. Mosaddek
- Quest Bangladesh Biomedical Research Center, Lalmatia, Dhaka-1207 Bangladesh ,Department of Pharmacology, Uttara Adhunik Medical College, Uttara, Dhaka-1230 Bangladesh
| | - M. Shahabuddin K. Choudhuri
- Quest Bangladesh Biomedical Research Center, Lalmatia, Dhaka-1207 Bangladesh ,grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh ,United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP) Herbal Medicines Compendium South Asia Expert Panel Member, New Delhi, India
| | - Ibrahim A. Kira
- Center for Cumulative Trauma Studies, Stone Mountain, GA USA ,grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Affiliate of Center for Stress, Trauma and Resiliency, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - David Gozal
- grid.134936.a0000 0001 2162 3504Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, The University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201 USA
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Islam MS, Siddique AB, Akter R, Tasnim R, Sujan MSH, Ward PR, Sikder MT. Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccinations: a cross-sectional community survey in Bangladesh. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1851. [PMID: 34645399 PMCID: PMC8513387 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11880-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several vaccines have been approved for use against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and distributed globally in different regions. However, general community knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccinations are poorly understood. Thus, the study aimed to investigate community knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccinations in Bangladesh. Methods An exploratory and anonymous population-based e-survey was conducted among 1658 general individuals (55.6% male; mean age = 23.17 ± 6.05 years; age range = 18–65 years). The survey was conducted using a semi-structured and self-reported questionnaire containing informed consent along with four sections (i.e., socio-demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions). Multiple linear regression was performed to determine the variables predicting knowledge, and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccinations. Results The mean scores of knowledge and attitudes were 2.83 ± 1.48 (out of 5) and 9.34 ± 2.39 (out of 12) respectively. About a quarter of participants thought that the COVID-19 vaccination available in Bangladesh is safe, only 60% will have the vaccination and about two-thirds will recommend it to family and friends. In the multiple regression model, higher SES, having university/ higher levels of education, having nuclear families and having previous history of essential vaccines uptake were associated with knowledge; whilst attitudes were significantly associated with being female and having previous history of essential vaccines uptake. Just over half of the participants thought that everyone should be vaccinated and 61% responded that health workers should be vaccinated first on priority basis. 95% of respondents believed the vaccine should be administered free of charge in Bangladesh and almost 90% believed that the COVID-19 vaccine used in Bangladesh may have side effects. Conclusions The findings reflect inadequate knowledge but more positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccine among the general population in Bangladesh. In order to improve knowledge, immediate health education programs need to be initiated before mass vaccination are scheduled. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11880-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh. .,Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Abu Bakkar Siddique
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.,Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rejina Akter
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.,Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rafia Tasnim
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.,Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Safaet Hossain Sujan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.,Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Paul R Ward
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Md Tajuddin Sikder
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
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Sujan MSH, Tasnim R, Islam MS, Ferdous MZ, Apu MAR, Musfique MM, Pardhan S. COVID-19-specific diabetes worries amongst diabetic patients: The role of social support and other co-variates. Prim Care Diabetes 2021; 15:778-785. [PMID: 34210639 PMCID: PMC8226038 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted every individual's life. It has been shown that mortality in people with underlying diseases including diabetes has been very high. The present study aimed to measure diabetes related worries (outcome) and their associations with social support and lifestyle (exposures) amongst people with diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS An online cross-sectional survey was completed by 928 respondents (>18 years) between 15-11-2020 and 12-12-2020. The questionnaire comprised four sections: socio-demographic details, diabetic-related worries, social support, and behavioral changes due to COVID-19. Descriptive statistics, correlations and hierarchical regression analysis were performed in the study. RESULTS Data from 928 respondents (51.61% male; mean age = 52.48 [SD = 11.76]; age range = 18-86 years) were analyzed. The mean score for COVID-19 specific diabetes worries was 3.13 out of 8. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the mean COVID-19-specific diabetes worries score was significantly associated with lower age, cigarette smoking, perceived poor health status, presence of other diabetic complications. Lack of social support from family, friends, work colleagues and diabetes care team and also eating more than usual were also significantly associated with COVID-19 specific diabetes worry. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes related worries were strongly associated with a lack of social support during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings suggest the need of social support as well as improving knowledge and guidelines is important for people with diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Safaet Hossain Sujan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
| | - Rafia Tasnim
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
| | - Most Zannatul Ferdous
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Abdur Rahman Apu
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Miftah Musfique
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh.
| | - Shahina Pardhan
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Young Street, Cambridge, UK.
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Tasnim R, Sujan MSH, Islam MS, Ferdous MZ, Hasan MM, Koly KN, Potenza MN. Depression and anxiety among individuals with medical conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from a nationwide survey in Bangladesh. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2021; 220:103426. [PMID: 34619554 PMCID: PMC8486640 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disproportionately impacts individuals with medical conditions, including with respect to their mental health. The present study investigated depression and anxiety and their correlates among individuals with medical conditions in Bangladesh. METHODS Subjects were recruited to participate in an internet-based survey. Data were collected from November 2020 to January 2021 using convenience sampling by a semi-structured questionnaire through online platforms. Multiple regression analyses were performed to determine associations applying Bonferroni correction (p < 0.004). The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) measured depression and anxiety, respectively. RESULTS Nine-hundred-and-seventy-one participants (50.1% male; mean age = 42.29 ± 15.86 years; age range = 18-80 years) with medical conditions were included in final analyses. The most frequently reported conditions were diabetes, hypertension, obesity, heart disease, asthma, and anemia. Estimates of moderate to severe depression and anxiety were 38.9% and 35.2%, respectively. The mean depression and anxiety scores were significantly higher among participants who reported having hypertension, obesity, heart disease, asthma, anemia, cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Using Bonferroni correction (p < 0.004), depression was associated with being female and a student, having poorer quality of life, poorer health status and greater numbers of co-morbidities, not engaging in physical exercise and tobacco smoking. Anxiety was associated with being female and a student, having lower socioeconomic status, poorer quality of life, poorer health status and greater numbers of co-morbidities, less sleep and tobacco smoking. CONCLUSIONS Depression and anxiety are prevalent among individuals with medical conditions and correlate with sociodemographic, quality-of-life and smoking measures. Interventions targeting vulnerable groups should be employed and investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafia Tasnim
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Safaet Hossain Sujan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
| | - Most Zannatul Ferdous
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
| | | | - Kamrun Nahar Koly
- Health System and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA; Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Islam MS, Tasnim R, Sujan MSH, Ferdous MZ, Sikder MT, Masud JHB, Kundu S, Tahsin P, Mosaddek ASM, Griffiths MD. Depressive symptoms associated with COVID-19 preventive practice measures, daily activities in home quarantine and suicidal behaviors: Findings from a large-scale online survey in Bangladesh. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:273. [PMID: 34039292 PMCID: PMC8150150 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03246-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The world is facing a public health emergency situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological wellbeing among individuals worldwide has been negatively affected by the pandemic especially in low- and middle-income countries such as Bangladesh. The present study aimed to assess the estimate of depressive symptoms and investigated its associations with COVID-19 preventive practice measures, daily activities in home quarantine, and suicidal behaviors in a large-scale Bangladeshi online survey. METHODS An online-based cross-sectional survey was widely distributed to Bangladeshi citizens. A total of 13,654 participants (61.0% male; mean age = 24.0 years [SD = 6.0]; age range 18-65 years) completed the survey between May and June (2020). The survey included socio-demographics and COVID-19-related questions, along with lifestyle, suicidal, and psychometric measures. Hierarchical regression was performed to determine significant associations between depression and examined variables. RESULTS The estimate of depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic was 43.5%. Based on hierarchical regression analysis, depression was significantly associated with not engaging in COVID-19 preventive measures, daily activities in home quarantine (e.g., playing videogames), and suicidal behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Depressive symptoms appeared to be high during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. To fight against the pandemic, mental health issues as well as physical health issues need to be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Rafia Tasnim
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Safaet Hossain Sujan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Most. Zannatul Ferdous
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
- Quest Bangladesh Biomedical Research Center, Lalmatia, Dhaka, 1207 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Tajuddin Sikder
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Jakir Hossain Bhuiyan Masud
- Quest Bangladesh Biomedical Research Center, Lalmatia, Dhaka, 1207 Bangladesh
- Public Health Informatics Foundation (PHIF), Mirpur, Dhaka, 1216 Bangladesh
| | - Sourav Kundu
- Quest Bangladesh Biomedical Research Center, Lalmatia, Dhaka, 1207 Bangladesh
- Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology, Shinagawa City, Tokyo, 140-0011 Japan
| | - Promi Tahsin
- Quest Bangladesh Biomedical Research Center, Lalmatia, Dhaka, 1207 Bangladesh
| | - Abu Syed Md. Mosaddek
- Quest Bangladesh Biomedical Research Center, Lalmatia, Dhaka, 1207 Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacology, Uttara Adhunik Medical College, Uttara, Dhaka, 1230 Bangladesh
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ UK
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Tasnim R, Sujan MSH, Islam MS, Ritu AH, Siddique MAB, Toma TY, Nowshin R, Hasan A, Hossain S, Nahar S, Islam S, Islam MS, Potenza MN, van Os J. Prevalence and correlates of anxiety and depression in frontline healthcare workers treating people with COVID-19 in Bangladesh. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:271. [PMID: 34034679 PMCID: PMC8146174 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03243-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers (HCWs) who are in the frontline during the COVID-19 pandemic are often under significant pressures that may predispose them to symptoms of poor mental health. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression among HCWs and factors correlated with mental health concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. And, it also aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Bangla version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted between July and August, 2020. A self-reported online questionnaire was utilized to collect data. The survey included questions concerning socio-demographic, lifestyle, and work setting, as well as the HADS. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multiple linear regression analysis were performed. RESULTS Data from 803 HCWs (50.7% male; mean age: 27.3 [SD = 6.9]; age range: 18-58 years) were included in the final analysis. The Bangla HADS was psychometrically sound, and demonstrated good internal consistency and reliability (α = 0.83), and excellent construct validity. Prevalence estimates of anxiety and depression were 69.5%, and 39.5%, respectively, for less severe symptomology (at least borderline abnormal), and 41.2% and 15.7% for more severe (at least abnormal) symptomology. Regression analyses with the total HADS score as a dependent variable revealed significant (p < 0.05) associations with female gender, moderate and poor health status, infrequent physical exercising, smoking, having had regrets about one's profession because of the pandemic and associated experiences, not updating on the latest COVID-19-related research, experiencing discrimination in the workplace, and facing social problems due to working in a lab or hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Symptoms of anxiety and depression are prevalent among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. The findings suggest a need for screening for mental health concerns, and employing early intervention to help these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafia Tasnim
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Safaet Hossain Sujan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Asmaul Husna Ritu
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abid Bin Siddique
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Tanziha Yeasmin Toma
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Rifat Nowshin
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Abid Hasan
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi Sadar, Rajshahi, 6205 Bangladesh
| | - Sahadat Hossain
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Shamsun Nahar
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Salequl Islam
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | | | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, Connecticut USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, Connecticut USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut USA
| | - Jim van Os
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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10
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Islam MS, Sujan MSH, Tasnim R, Mohona RA, Ferdous MZ, Kamruzzaman S, Toma TY, Sakib MN, Pinky KN, Islam MR, Siddique MAB, Anter FS, Hossain A, Hossen I, Sikder MT, Pontes HM. Problematic Smartphone and Social Media Use Among Bangladeshi College and University Students Amid COVID-19: The Role of Psychological Well-Being and Pandemic Related Factors. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:647386. [PMID: 33935834 PMCID: PMC8085355 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.647386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Smartphone and social media use are an integral part of our daily life. Currently, the impact of excessive smartphone and social media use during the COVID-19 pandemic is poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate problematic smartphone use (PSPU) and problematic social media use (PSMU) among Bangladeshi college and university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 5,511 Bangladeshi college and university students (male: 58.9%; mean age: 21.2 years [SD = 1.7]; age range: 18-25) during the social-distancing in the COVID-19 pandemic (July 2020). A self-reported survey containing questions regarding socio-demographic, lifestyle, and home quarantine activities along with four psychometric scales was completed by participants. Results: The mean scores of PSPU and PSMU were 20.8 ± 6.8 (out of 36) and 14.7 ± 4.8 (out of 30). Based on a hierarchical regression analysis, PSPU and PSMU were positively associated with lower age, poor sleep, social media use, watching television, anxiety, and depression. Additionally, PSMU was linked to being female, living with nuclear family, having urban residence, irregular physical exercise, poor engagement with academic studies, and avoiding earning activities, whilst being male, being married, living with lower-income family, and alcohol consumption were linked to PSMU. Conclusions: The findings indicate that PSPU and PSMU were linked to poor psychological well-being (i.e., anxiety and depression) and other factors (especially lower age, poor sleep) during the pandemic, further suggesting the need for interventions including virtual awareness programs among college and university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Safaet Hossain Sujan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rafia Tasnim
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rashenda Aziz Mohona
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Most. Zannatul Ferdous
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Sk Kamruzzaman
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barishal, Bangladesh
| | - Tanziha Yeasmin Toma
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Nazmus Sakib
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Ayurvedic Medicine, Hamdard University Bangladesh, Gazaria, Bangladesh
| | - Khairrun Nahar Pinky
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Riad Islam
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Anthropology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abid Bin Siddique
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fahim Shariar Anter
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Alomgir Hossain
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Ikram Hossen
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Tajuddin Sikder
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Halley M. Pontes
- Department of Organizational Psychology, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Islam MS, Sujan MSH, Tasnim R, Sikder MT, Potenza MN, van Os J. Psychological responses during the COVID-19 outbreak among university students in Bangladesh. PLoS One 2021. [PMID: 33382862 DOI: 10.1371/journal-pone.02238162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental health problems in students are considered a public health challenge. We assessed the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress (DAS) with the DASS-21, as well as associated factors, among university students in Bangladesh early in the COVID-19 outbreak. We hypothesized high levels of DAS and their associations with previously reported factors (e.g., poor sleep, lack of exercise, heavy internet use) and those linked to disadvantage (e.g., low monthly family income). We also enquired about participants' satisfaction with their pursuit of their academic studies while living under COVID-19 restrictions. An internet-based survey was conducted during the month of April 2020, involving 3,122 Bangladeshi university students aged 18 to 29 years (59.5% males; mean age 21.4±2 years). Prevalence estimates of depression, anxiety and stress were, respectively, 76.1%, 71.5% and 70.1% for at least mild symptoms, 62.9%, 63.6% and 58.6% for at least moderate symptoms, 35.2%, 40.3%, and 37.7% for at least severe symptoms and 19.7%, 27.5% and 16.5% for at least very severe symptoms. The present estimates of DAS were more prevalent than in previous pre-COVID-19 studies among Bangladeshi university students. Regression analyses with DASS-21-score as a dependent variable revealed associations with factors mostly as hypothesized. The largest effect size on DAS symptoms was related to students' satisfaction with their academic studies during the pandemic. As this survey used cross-sectional and self-reported methods, causality cannot be inferred. Mental health monitoring of students attempting to cope with the impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak may be useful and feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Youth Research Association, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Safaet Hossain Sujan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Youth Research Association, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rafia Tasnim
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Youth Research Association, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Tajuddin Sikder
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Jim van Os
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Islam MS, Sujan MSH, Tasnim R, Sikder MT, Potenza MN, van Os J. Psychological responses during the COVID-19 outbreak among university students in Bangladesh. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0245083. [PMID: 33382862 PMCID: PMC7775049 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental health problems in students are considered a public health challenge. We assessed the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress (DAS) with the DASS-21, as well as associated factors, among university students in Bangladesh early in the COVID-19 outbreak. We hypothesized high levels of DAS and their associations with previously reported factors (e.g., poor sleep, lack of exercise, heavy internet use) and those linked to disadvantage (e.g., low monthly family income). We also enquired about participants’ satisfaction with their pursuit of their academic studies while living under COVID-19 restrictions. An internet-based survey was conducted during the month of April 2020, involving 3,122 Bangladeshi university students aged 18 to 29 years (59.5% males; mean age 21.4±2 years). Prevalence estimates of depression, anxiety and stress were, respectively, 76.1%, 71.5% and 70.1% for at least mild symptoms, 62.9%, 63.6% and 58.6% for at least moderate symptoms, 35.2%, 40.3%, and 37.7% for at least severe symptoms and 19.7%, 27.5% and 16.5% for at least very severe symptoms. The present estimates of DAS were more prevalent than in previous pre-COVID-19 studies among Bangladeshi university students. Regression analyses with DASS-21-score as a dependent variable revealed associations with factors mostly as hypothesized. The largest effect size on DAS symptoms was related to students’ satisfaction with their academic studies during the pandemic. As this survey used cross-sectional and self-reported methods, causality cannot be inferred. Mental health monitoring of students attempting to cope with the impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak may be useful and feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Youth Research Association, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- * E-mail:
| | - Md. Safaet Hossain Sujan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Youth Research Association, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rafia Tasnim
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Youth Research Association, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Tajuddin Sikder
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Jim van Os
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Islam MS, Sujan MSH, Tasnim R, Ferdous MZ, Masud JHB, Kundu S, Mosaddek ASM, Choudhuri MSK, Kircaburun K, Griffiths MD. Problematic internet use among young and adult population in Bangladesh: Correlates with lifestyle and online activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Addict Behav Rep 2020; 12:100311. [PMID: 33364319 PMCID: PMC7752719 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although internet use can boost individuals' quality of life in various aspects, activities on the internet (e.g., gambling, video gaming, social media use, pornography use, etc.) can be used as coping strategy to deal with psychological stressors and mood states (e.g., fear, anxiety, depression) particularly during the global COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVES The present study assessed problematic internet use (PIU) among Bangladeshi youth and adults in Bangladesh and examined its correlation with lifestyle and online activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS An online cross-sectional survey was utilized between May and June 2020 comprising 13,525 Bangladeshi individuals (61.3% male; age range 18-50 years; mean age 23.7 years) recruited from various online platforms. The self-report survey included questions concerning socio-demographics, lifestyle, and online activities during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as psychometric scales such as the nine-item Internet Disorder Scale-Short Form (IDS9-SF). RESULTS Utilizing hierarchical regression analysis, problematic internet use was significantly and positively associated with those who were younger, having a higher level of education, living with a nuclear family, engaging in less physical exercise, avoiding household chores, playing online videogames, social media use, and engaging in recreational online activities. CONCLUSIONS Excessive internet use appears to have been commonplace during the COVID-19 pandemic period and young adults were most vulnerable to problematic internet use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
- Youth Research Association, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Safaet Hossain Sujan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
- Youth Research Association, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Rafia Tasnim
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
- Youth Research Association, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Most. Zannatul Ferdous
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
- Quest Bangladesh, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Jakir Hossain Bhuiyan Masud
- Quest Bangladesh, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Public Health Informatics Foundation (PHIF), Mirpur, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Sourav Kundu
- Quest Bangladesh, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology, Shinagawa City, Tokyo 140-0011, Japan
| | - Abu Syed Md. Mosaddek
- Quest Bangladesh, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacology, Uttara Adhunik Medical College, Uttara, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - M. Shahabuddin K. Choudhuri
- Quest Bangladesh, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP) Herbal Medicines Compendium South Asia Expert Panel Member, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kagan Kircaburun
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK
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14
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Tasnim R, Islam MS, Sujan MSH, Sikder MT, Potenza MN. Suicidal ideation among Bangladeshi university students early during the COVID-19 pandemic: Prevalence estimates and correlates. Child Youth Serv Rev 2020; 119:105703. [PMID: 33204046 PMCID: PMC7654299 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Lockdown, social isolation, and interruption of daily life during the COVID-19 period have impacted many lives. University students are particularly vulnerable to such disruptions and may be particularly disposed to suicidal ideation, potentially creating a new public health crisis. This study aimed to assess suicidal ideation and associated factors among university students in Bangladesh during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted using the Google form (Google survey tool) from April to May 2020. Initially, 3366 respondents voluntarily completed the survey form. Finally, 3331 surveys were included in the final analyses after removing incomplete surveys. The data ware reviewed, rechecked, and analyzed with SPSS (25.0 version) software. A total of 1979 (59.4%) males and 1352 (40.6%) females participated. Respondents were between the ages of 18 to 28 years (mean age 21.4 years [SD = 1.9]). The prevalence estimate of suicidal ideation was 12.8%. Potential risk factors included less sleep, excess sleep, cigarette smoking, past suicidal thoughts, suicide attempt history, family history of suicidality, depression, anxiety, and stress. Potential protective factors included being male, having lower SES, living in rural areas, regular physical exercise, and satisfactory study. Suicidal ideation was prevalent among Bangladeshi university students during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding the correlates of suicidal ideation may aid to develop targeted strategies to support students during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafia Tasnim
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
- Youth Research Association, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
- Youth Research Association, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Safaet Hossain Sujan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
- Youth Research Association, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Tajuddin Sikder
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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