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Ocampo JMF, Santos RAN, Sevilleja JEA, Gloria CT. The COVID-19 pandemic's effects on mental and psychosocial health in the Philippines: A scoping review. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2024; 11:e27. [PMID: 38572255 PMCID: PMC10988143 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2024.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remained at elevated risk for the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic because of persistent stressors to their health systems. Simultaneously facing high infection rates, strict containment measures and natural disasters, the Philippines provides important grounds for health research in LMICs. This review examined how the COVID-19 pandemic affected mental and psychosocial health in the Philippines. This scoping review included literature in English from 2020 to mid-2022 from PubMed, PsycInfo and SCOPUS, and used the PRISMA-ScR and PCC-question model. Two independent reviewers conducted blind article screening and data extraction using COVIDENCE software, followed by consensus building, data charting and analyses. This work identified 405 publications across PubMed (N = 56), PsycInfo (N = 106) and SCOPUS (N = 243), of which 76 articles addressed the Philippines. Article types included 54 research articles, 10 opinion pieces, 4 literature reviews, 6 letters to journals, 1 study protocol and 1 other report. These findings focused primarily on health professionals (N = 23) and educators/learners (N = 22) and reported mostly on moderate-to-severe clinical outcomes such as fear, depression, anxiety or stress. Coping behaviors, like resiliency and other ways of adapting to the pandemic, including religious, spiritual and community-oriented approaches highlighted experiences with stringent infection prevention and control measures to contain COVID-19 in the Philippines. The COVID-19 pandemic brought severe challenges to mental and psychosocial health in the Philippines. The literature focused mostly on healthcare workers and educators/learners, and moderate-to-severe mental health outcomes in these groups. There is a need to expand studies to other sociodemographic groups and communities across the Philippines. Future work stands to benefit from more in-depth qualitative, mixed methods, longitudinal and representative quantitative research in LMICs following this pandemic. Literature reviews remain important to synthesize post-pandemic experiences by providing context for future studies and health practice in the Philippines and other LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Michelle F. Ocampo
- Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raisa Alexis N. Santos
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Christian T. Gloria
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
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Santos SV, Margarido MRRA, Caires IS, Santos RAN, Souza SG, Souza JMA, Martimiano RR, Dutra CSK, Palha P, Zanetti ACG, Pazin-Filho A. Basic life support knowledge of first-year university students from Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 48:1151-5. [PMID: 26397971 PMCID: PMC4661033 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate knowledge of first aid among new undergraduates and whether it
is affected by their chosen course. A questionnaire was developed to assess knowledge
of how to activate the Mobile Emergency Attendance Service - MEAS (Serviço de
Atendimento Móvel de Urgência; SAMU), recognize a pre-hospital emergency situation
and the first aid required for cardiac arrest. The students were also asked about
enrolling in a first aid course. Responses were received from 1038 of 1365 (76.04%)
new undergraduates. The questionnaires were completed in a 2-week period 1 month
after the beginning of classes. Of the 1038 respondents (59.5% studying biological
sciences, 11.6% physical sciences, and 28.6% humanities), 58.5% knew how to activate
the MEAS/SAMU (54.3% non-biological vs 61.4% biological, P=0.02),
with an odds ratio (OR)=1.39 (95%CI=1.07-1.81) regardless of age, sex, origin, having
a previous degree or having a relative with cardiac disease. The majority could
distinguish emergency from non-emergency situations. When faced with a possible
cardiac arrest, 17.7% of the students would perform chest compressions (15.5%
non-biological vs 19.1% biological first-year university students,
P=0.16) and 65.2% would enroll in a first aid course (51.1% non-biological
vs 74.7% biological, P<0.01), with an OR=2.61
(95%CI=1.98-3.44) adjusted for the same confounders. Even though a high percentage of
the students recognized emergency situations, a significant proportion did not know
the MEAS/SAMU number and only a minority had sufficient basic life support skills to
help with cardiac arrest. A significant proportion would not enroll in a first aid
course. Biological first-year university students were more prone to enroll in a
basic life support course.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Santos
- Programa de Educação Tutorial, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - M R R A Margarido
- Programa de Educação Tutorial, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - I S Caires
- Programa de Educação Tutorial, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - R A N Santos
- Programa de Educação Tutorial, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - S G Souza
- Programa de Educação Tutorial, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - J M A Souza
- Programa de Educação Tutorial, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - R R Martimiano
- Programa de Educação Tutorial, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - C S K Dutra
- Programa de Educação Tutorial, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - P Palha
- Programa de Educação Tutorial, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - A C G Zanetti
- Programa de Educação Tutorial, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - A Pazin-Filho
- Programa de Educação Tutorial, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
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