Alleviation of drought stress in pulse crops with ACC deaminase producing rhizobacteria isolated from acidic soil of Northeast India

The agricultural crops are often affected by the scarcity of fresh water. Seasonal drought is a major constraint on Northeast Indian agriculture. Almost 80% of the agricultural land in this region is acidic and facing severe drought during the winter period. Apart from classical breeding and transgenic approaches, the application of plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) is an alternative strategy for improving plant fitness under stressful conditions. The 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase-producing PGPB offer drought stress tolerance by regulating plant ethylene levels. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the consortium effect of three ACC-deaminase producing rhizobacteria - Ochrobactrum pseudogrignonenseRJ12, Pseudomonas sp.RJ15 and Bacillus subtilisRJ46 on drought stress alleviation in Vigna mungo L. and Pisum sativum L. Consortium treatment significantly increase seed germination percentage, root length, shoot length, and dry weight of treated plants. An elevated production of reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes and cellular osmolytes; higher leaf chlorophyll content; increase in relative water content and root recovery intension were observed after consortium treatment in comparison with the uninoculated plants under drought conditions. The consortium treatment decreased the ACC accumulation and down-regulated ACC-oxidase gene expression. This consortium could be an effective bio-formulator for crop health improvement in drought-affected acidic agricultural fields.