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Mayr R, Iltchev A, Bonatti A, Forstner B, Fritz J, Gassner E, Arora R. [Trauma emergency room cases before and during the COVID-19 pandemic : Data from an alpine trauma center]. Unfallchirurgie (Heidelb) 2023; 126:960-966. [PMID: 36534361 PMCID: PMC9761024 DOI: 10.1007/s00113-022-01268-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic had a strong impact on the work of trauma medical teams. The aim of the study was to compare the trauma emergency room (TER) incidence and trauma mechanisms before and during the pandemic at a level I trauma center. OBJECTIVE The TER incidence before and during the pandemic should be assessed to be prepared for future pandemics or new COVID-19 outbreaks. MATERIAL AND METHODS Medical charts from all TER patients from March 2019 to February 2021 were analyzed. The incidence and trauma mechanisms of the 12 months before and the 12 months during the pandemic were compared. The trauma distribution and severity were described by the AIS and ISS, and the patients' country of residency was noted. RESULTS The TER cases decreased from 694 before the COVID-19 pandemic to 477 cases during the pandemic (Incidence rate 0.69). The strongest decrease in trauma cases was noted in sports injuries (0.55), followed by suicide attempts (0.63), traffic accidents (0.71) and leisure accidents (0.76). The rate of patients with severe injuries (ISS ≥ 16) was comparable with 40% before the pandemic and 44% during the pandemic. Foreign residency of TER patients shifted from 37% before the pandemic to 16% during the pandemic. The number of foreign patients was significantly reduced during the pandemic (257 vs. 77). DISCUSSION The TER incidence significantly decreased during the pandemic due to the imposed lockdowns during the peak winter tourism season. The rate of foreign TER patients changed during the pandemic, while the rate of severely injured patients remained stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mayr
- Universitätsklinik für Orthopädie und Traumatologie, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich.
| | - A Iltchev
- Universitätsklinik für Orthopädie und Traumatologie, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - A Bonatti
- Universitätsklinik für Orthopädie und Traumatologie, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - B Forstner
- Universitätsklinik für Orthopädie und Traumatologie, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - J Fritz
- Department für Medizinische Statistik, Informatik und Gesundheitsökonomie, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - E Gassner
- Universitätsklinik für Radiologie, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - R Arora
- Universitätsklinik für Orthopädie und Traumatologie, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich
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Woess C, Huck CW, Badzoka J, Kappacher C, Arora R, Lindtner RA, Zelger P, Schirmer M, Rabl W, Pallua J. Raman spectroscopy for postmortem interval estimation of human skeletal remains: A scoping review. J Biophotonics 2023; 16:e202300189. [PMID: 37494000 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Estimating postmortem intervals (PMI) is crucial in forensic investigations, providing insights into criminal cases and determining the time of death. PMI estimation relies on expert experience and a combination of thanatological data and environmental factors but is prone to errors. The lack of reliable methods for assessing PMI in bones and soft tissues necessitates a better understanding of bone decomposition. Several research groups have shown promise in PMI estimation in skeletal remains but lack valid data for forensic cases. Current methods are costly, time-consuming, and unreliable for PMIs over 5 years. Raman spectroscopy (RS) can potentially estimate PMI by studying chemical modifications in bones and teeth correlated with burial time. This review summarizes RS applications, highlighting its potential as an innovative, nondestructive, and fast technique for PMI estimation in forensic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Woess
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian W Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Badzoka
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C Kappacher
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Arora
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R A Lindtner
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Zelger
- University Clinic for Hearing, Voice and Speech Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Schirmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - W Rabl
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Pallua
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Yenwongfai LN, Arora R, Smith AP, Kalfa T, Husami A, Radulescu V, Myers K, Lorsbach R. Pediatric myelofibrosis due to compound heterozygous MPIG6B mutations in a patient of European ancestry. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30023. [PMID: 36184776 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonard N Yenwongfai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Ranjana Arora
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Alexander P Smith
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | | | | | - Vlad Radulescu
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Wurm A, Kühn J, Kugel K, Putzer D, Arora R, Coraça-Huber DC, Zelger P, Badzoka J, Kappacher C, Huck CW, Pallua JD. Raman microscopic spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool to detect Staphylococcus epidermidis in bone grafts. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2022; 280:121570. [PMID: 35779474 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Raman microscopic spectroscopyis a new approach for further characterization and detection of molecular features in many pathological processes. This technique has been successfully applied to scrutinize the spatial distribution of small molecules and proteins within biological systems by in situ analysis. This study uses Raman microscopic spectroscopyto identify any in-depth benefits and drawbacks in diagnosing Staphylococcus epidermidis in human bone grafts. MATERIAL AND METHODS 40 non-infected human bone samples and 10 human bone samples infected with Staphylococcus epidermidis were analyzed using Raman microscopic spectroscopy. Reflectance data were collected between 200 cm-1 and 3600 cm-1 with a spectral resolution of 4 cm-1 using a Senterra II microscope (Bruker, Ettlingen, Germany). The acquired spectral information was used for spectral and unsupervised classification, such as principal component analysis. RESULTS Raman measurements produced distinct diagnostic spectra that were used to distinguish between non-infected human bone samples and Staphylococcus epidermidis infected human bone samples by spectral and principal component analyses. A substantial loss in bone quality and protein conformation was detected by human bone samples co-cultured with Staphylococcus epidermidis. The mineral-to-matrix ratio using the phosphate/Amide I ratio (p = 0.030) and carbonate/phosphate ratio (p = 0.001) indicates that the loss of relative mineral content in bones upon bacterial infection is higher than in non-infected human bones. Also, an increase of alterations in the collagen network (p = 0.048) and a decrease in the structural organization and relative collagen in infected human bone could be detected. Subsequent principal component analyses identified Staphylococcus epidermidis in different spectral regions, respectively, originating mainly from CH2 deformation (wagging) of protein (at 1450 cm-1) and bending and stretching modes of C-H groups (∼2800-3000 cm-1). CONCLUSION Raman microscopic spectroscopyis presented as a promising diagnostic tool to detect Staphylococcus epidermidis in human bone grafts. Further studies in human tissues are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wurm
- University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Kühn
- University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - K Kugel
- University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D Putzer
- University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Arora
- University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D C Coraça-Huber
- University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - P Zelger
- University Clinic for Hearing, Voice and Speech Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Badzoka
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C Kappacher
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C W Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J D Pallua
- University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Labit E, Sinha S, Kutluberk E, Jaffer A, Arora R, Cao L, Shin W, Rosin N, Yipp B, Biernaskie J. 753 Preferential recruitment of immature neutrophils enables robust skin regeneration. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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6
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Brunner A, Schmidt VM, Zelger B, Woess C, Arora R, Zelger P, Huck CW, Pallua J. Visible and Near-Infrared hyperspectral imaging (HSI) can reliably quantify CD3 and CD45 positive inflammatory cells in myocarditis: Pilot study on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens from myocard obtained during autopsy. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2022; 274:121092. [PMID: 35257987 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To implement Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) as a tool for quantifying inflammatory cells in tissue specimens by the example of myocarditis in a collective of forensic patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS 44 consecutive patients with suspected myocardial inflammation at autopsy, diagnosed between 2013 and 2018 at the Institute of ForensicMedicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, were selected for this study. Using the IMEC SNAPSCAN camera, visible and near infrared hyperspectral images were collected from slides stained with CD3 and CD45 to assess quantity and spatial distribution of positive cells. Results were compared with visual assessment (VA) and conventional digital image analysis (DIA). RESULTS Finally, specimens of 40 patients were evaluated, of whom 36 patients (90%) suffered from myocarditis, two patients (5%) had suspected healing/healed myocarditis, and two did no have myocarditis (5%). The amount of CD3 and CD45 positive cells did not differ significantly between VA, HSI, and DIA (pVA/HSI/DIA = 0.46 for CD3 and 0.81 for CD45). Coheńs Kappa showed a very high correlation between VA versus HSI, VA versus DIA, and HSI versus DIA for CD3 (Coheńs Kappa = 0.91, 1.00, and 0.91, respectively). For CD45 an almost as high correlation was seen for VA versus HSI and HSI versus DIA (Coheńs Kappa = 0.75 and 0.70) and VA versus DIA (Coheńs Kappa = 0.89). CONCLUSION HSI is a reliable and objective method to count inflammatory cells in tissue slides of suspected myocarditis. Implementation of HSI in digital pathology might further expand the possibility of a sophisticated method.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Brunner
- Innsbruck Medical University, Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology, and Molecular Pathology, Muellerstrasse 44, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - V M Schmidt
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Muellerstraße 44, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Zelger
- Innsbruck Medical University, Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology, and Molecular Pathology, Muellerstrasse 44, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C Woess
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Muellerstraße 44, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - R Arora
- University Hospital for Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - P Zelger
- University Clinic for Hearing, Voice and Speech Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C W Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Pallua
- Innsbruck Medical University, Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology, and Molecular Pathology, Muellerstrasse 44, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Muellerstraße 44, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; University Hospital for Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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7
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Arora R, Alam F, Zaka-Ur-Rab A, Maheshwari V, Alam K. 32P Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a surrogate clinical marker for Ki-67 in breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Stoev S, Dimitrov K, Zarkov I, Mircheva T, Zapryanova D, Valchev I, Denev S, Chobanova S, Stefanov M, Arora R. Some Indian herbs have protective effects against deleterious effects of ochratoxin A in broiler chicks. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2021. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2020.2657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A protective effect of two herbs, Glycyrrhiza glabra and Tinospora cordifolia, given as feed additives was observed against the growth inhibitory effect of ochratoxin A (OTA) and associated immunosuppression and biochemical or pathomorphological changes. The feed levels of 3 mg/kg OTA and fine powder of one of both herbs were given during a period of 32 days to female broiler chicks divided into 3 experimental and 1 control groups (14 chicks per group). The observed pathological and biochemical changes, the changes in relative organs’ weight and body weight, and the decrease of antibody titer against Newcastle disease were more pronounced in the OTA-treated chicks without herbal supplementation, and less pronounced in the chicks treated additionally with G. glabra or T. cordifolia as was shown by the better feed performance and the higher body weight in the chicks treated with the herbs. The higher relative weight of lymphoid organs of the chicks supplemented with both herbs revealed their beneficial effects on the immune system. The hepatoprotective effect of both herbs was evident, being stronger in the chicks additionally supplemented with G. glabra shown by the pathomorphological findings and by the lower levels of aspartate transaminase (131.1 U/l) compared to chicks given only OTA (156.0 U/l). A protective effect of T. cordifolia on the bone marrow and kidneys was found as was shown by the lower levels of uric acid (382.9 μmol/l) compared to chicks given only OTA (466.9 μmol/l).
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Affiliation(s)
- S.D. Stoev
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Students Campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - K. Dimitrov
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Students Campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - I. Zarkov
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Students Campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - T. Mircheva
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Students Campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - D. Zapryanova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Students Campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - I. Valchev
- Department of Internal non-communicable diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Students Campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - S. Denev
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, Students campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - S. Chobanova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, Students campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - M. Stefanov
- Department of Morphology, physiology and nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University; Students campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - R. Arora
- Phytochemistry and Analytical Toxicology Division, Department of Nutrition, Biochemistry, Exercise Physiology and Yoga, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
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Naftalin J, Bean E, Saridogan E, Barton-Smith P, Arora R, Jurkovic D. Imaging in gynecological disease (21): clinical and ultrasound characteristics of accessory cavitated uterine malformations. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 57:821-828. [PMID: 32770812 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and ultrasound characteristics of accessory cavitated uterine malformations (ACUMs). METHODS This was a single-center observational study of consecutive patients diagnosed with an ACUM, who had undergone an ultrasound examination by an experienced ultrasound examiner between January 2013 and May 2019, identified retrospectively from medical records. ACUM was diagnosed when a cavitated lesion with a myometrial mantle and echogenic contents was seen within the anterolateral wall of the myometrium beneath the insertion of the round ligament. In all women, presenting symptoms and clinical history were recorded along with detailed descriptions of the lesions and any concomitant pelvic abnormalities. RESULTS Twenty patients diagnosed with an ACUM were identified. Median age was 29.2 (interquartile range, 25.0-35.8) years. None of the women was premenarchal or postmenopausal. All of the women reported painful periods or pelvic pain and none of them reported subfertility. Twelve of the ACUMs were in the right anterolateral myometrium and eight were in the left anterolateral myometrium. Both a myometrial mantle and a fluid-filled cavity were considered to be defining features on ultrasound. The fluid contained within the cavity was either echogenic with a ground-glass appearance or hyperechoic. All of the lesions were spherical in shape. The Doppler flow seen in the outer rim was not markedly different from that of the surrounding myometrium, and the content of the cavity was avascular on Doppler examination. The mean outer cavity diameter of the ACUMs was 22.8 (95% CI, 20.9-24.8) mm and the mean internal cavity diameter was 14.1 (95% CI, 12.2-16.1) mm. Four women opted for transvaginal ultrasound-guided alcohol sclerotherapy. Surgical excision was carried out in eight cases, and the diagnosis was confirmed on histopathological examination in all of them. CONCLUSIONS ACUMs are a uterine abnormality with a distinct ultrasound appearance, which are associated with dysmenorrhea and chronic pelvic pain. Knowledge of their typical appearance on ultrasound could facilitate early detection and treatment. There are several treatment options for ACUM, ranging from simple analgesia to complete excision. Further prospective and longitudinal studies are required to study the prevalence and natural history of this condition. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Naftalin
- Institute for Women's Heath, University College Hospital, London, UK
| | - E Bean
- Institute for Women's Heath, University College Hospital, London, UK
| | - E Saridogan
- Institute for Women's Heath, University College Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - R Arora
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University College London NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - D Jurkovic
- Institute for Women's Heath, University College Hospital, London, UK
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RAHMANI W, Sinha S, Chung H, Arora R, Jaffer A, Biernaskie J, Chun J. POS-389 PODOCYTE MATURATION IN HUMAN KIDNEY ORGANOIDS IS ACCELERATED WITH RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM ACTIVATION. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Soygur B, Jaszczak RG, Fries A, Nguyen DH, Malki S, Hu G, Demir N, Arora R, Laird DJ. Intercellular bridges coordinate the transition from pluripotency to meiosis in mouse fetal oocytes. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/15/eabc6747. [PMID: 33827806 PMCID: PMC8026130 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc6747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Meiosis is critical to generating oocytes and ensuring female fertility; however, the mechanisms regulating the switch from mitotic primordial germ cells to meiotic germ cells are poorly understood. Here, we implicate intercellular bridges (ICBs) in this state transition. We used three-dimensional in toto imaging to map meiotic initiation in the mouse fetal ovary and revealed a radial geometry of this transition that precedes the established anterior-posterior wave. Our studies reveal that appropriate timing of meiotic entry across the ovary and coordination of mitotic-meiotic transition within a cyst depend on the ICB component Tex14, which we show is required for functional cytoplasmic sharing. We find that Tex14 mutants more rapidly attenuate the pluripotency transcript Dppa3 upon meiotic initiation, and Dppa3 mutants undergo premature meiosis similar to Tex14 Together, these results lead to a model that ICBs coordinate and buffer the transition from pluripotency to meiosis through dilution of regulatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Soygur
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - R G Jaszczak
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - A Fries
- Biological Imaging Development Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - D H Nguyen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - S Malki
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - G Hu
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - N Demir
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - R Arora
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, The Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - D J Laird
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Tieges Z, MacLullich AMJ, Anand A, Cassaroni M, O'Connor M, Ryan D, Saller T, Arora R, Chang Y, Agarwal K, Taffet G, Quinn T, Shenkin S, Galvin R. 33 Diagnostic Test Accuracy of the 4AT for Delirium Detection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Age Ageing 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab029.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Detection of delirium in hospitalised older adults is recommended in national and international guidelines. The 4 ‘A’s Test (4AT; www.the4AT.com) is a short (<2 min) instrument for delirium detection that is used internationally as a standard tool in clinical practice. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy of the 4AT for delirium detection.
Methods
We searched the following electronic databases through Ovid: MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO. Additional databases were searched: CINAHL (EBSCOhost), clinicaltrials.gov and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from 2011 (4AT publication) until 21 December 2019. Inclusion criteria: older adults (≥65) across any setting of care except critical care; validation study of the 4AT against a delirium reference standard (standard diagnostic criteria or validated tool). Two reviewers independently screened abstracts and papers and performed the data extraction. Pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity were generated from a bivariate random effects model.
Results
17 studies (n = 3,701 observations) were included. Various settings including acute medicine, surgery, stroke wards and the emergency department were represented. The overall prevalence of delirium was 24.2% (95% CI 17.8–32.1%; range 10.5–61.9%). The pooled sensitivity was 0.88 (95% CI 0.80–0.93) and the pooled specificity was 0.88 (95% CI 0.82–0.92). The methodological quality of studies was mostly good.
Conclusions
The 4AT is now supported by a substantial evidence base comparable to other well-studied tools such as the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM). The strong pooled sensitivity and specificity findings for the 4AT in this meta-analysis along with its brevity and lack of need for specific training provide support for its use as an effective assessment tool for delirium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Tieges
- Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick; Ageing & Therapeutics, University Hospital Limerick; Emergency Department, University Hospital Limerick; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, H
| | - A M J MacLullich
- Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick; Ageing & Therapeutics, University Hospital Limerick; Emergency Department, University Hospital Limerick; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, H
| | - A Anand
- Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick; Ageing & Therapeutics, University Hospital Limerick; Emergency Department, University Hospital Limerick; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, H
| | - M Cassaroni
- Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick; Ageing & Therapeutics, University Hospital Limerick; Emergency Department, University Hospital Limerick; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, H
| | - M O'Connor
- Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick; Ageing & Therapeutics, University Hospital Limerick; Emergency Department, University Hospital Limerick; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, H
| | - D Ryan
- Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick; Ageing & Therapeutics, University Hospital Limerick; Emergency Department, University Hospital Limerick; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, H
| | - T Saller
- Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick; Ageing & Therapeutics, University Hospital Limerick; Emergency Department, University Hospital Limerick; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, H
| | - R Arora
- Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick; Ageing & Therapeutics, University Hospital Limerick; Emergency Department, University Hospital Limerick; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, H
| | - Y Chang
- Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick; Ageing & Therapeutics, University Hospital Limerick; Emergency Department, University Hospital Limerick; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, H
| | - K Agarwal
- Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick; Ageing & Therapeutics, University Hospital Limerick; Emergency Department, University Hospital Limerick; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, H
| | - G Taffet
- Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick; Ageing & Therapeutics, University Hospital Limerick; Emergency Department, University Hospital Limerick; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, H
| | - T Quinn
- Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick; Ageing & Therapeutics, University Hospital Limerick; Emergency Department, University Hospital Limerick; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, H
| | - S Shenkin
- Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick; Ageing & Therapeutics, University Hospital Limerick; Emergency Department, University Hospital Limerick; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, H
| | - R Galvin
- Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick; Ageing & Therapeutics, University Hospital Limerick; Emergency Department, University Hospital Limerick; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Section of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, H
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13
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Kaiser P, Brueckner G, Kastenberger T, Schmidle G, Stock K, Arora R. Mid-term follow-up of surgically treated and healed scaphoid fractures. Hand Surg Rehabil 2021; 40:288-292. [PMID: 33549698 DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the mid-term results of surgically treated scaphoid fractures since we were concerned that good results might deteriorate over time due to osteoarthritis or functional impairment. Thirty-three out of 121 surgically treated patients (isolated scaphoid fractures n = 23; scaphoid fractures with concomitant injuries n = 10) were evaluated retrospectively (47-138 months). Five patients (4%) had a non-union after internal fixation and were excluded because of additional treatment. The remaining 83 patients were not available for a follow-up examination. Patients with an isolated scaphoid fracture had a mean extension-flexion of 68°-0°-64°, a radial-ulnar deviation of 27°-0°-41° and a grip strength of 39 kg (corresponding to 87-98% of the uninjured contralateral wrist), while patients with concomitant injuries had a mean extension-flexion of 60°-0°-44°, radial-ulnar deviation of 22°-0°-38° and a grip strength of 42 kg (corresponding to 73-98% of the uninjured contralateral wrist). The Michigan Hand Questionnaire score was 85 and 75 and the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation score was 8 and 21, respectively. Fifteen patients had radiological signs of radiocarpal osteoarthritis with a significantly higher occurrence in those who had concomitant injuries compared to those with isolated scaphoid fractures (p < 0.01). There was no significant group difference in scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT) osteoarthritis (p = 0.968). One STT osteoarthritis case occurred after plate fixation, one after antegrade screw fixation and 10 after retrograde screw fixation. Surgical treatment of an acute isolated scaphoid fracture has excellent clinical, functional, and radiologic mid-term results, while scaphoid fractures with concomitant wrist injuries have slightly inferior results.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kaiser
- Department for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - G Brueckner
- Department for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - T Kastenberger
- Department for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - G Schmidle
- Department for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - K Stock
- Department for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - R Arora
- Department for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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14
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Pant S, Dimri A, Arora R, Bachani S, Raisuddin S, Siraj F, Rastogi S. Chlamydia trachomatis infection predisposes to ectopic pregnancy by regulating expression of tetraspanins in fallopian tube: A pilot study. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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15
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Arora R, Kazemi G, Hsu T, Levine O, Basi SK, Henning JW, Sussman J, Mukherjee SD. Implementing changes to a residency program curriculum before competency-based medical education: a survey of Canadian medical oncology program directors. Curr Oncol 2020; 27:e614-e620. [PMID: 33380877 PMCID: PMC7755432 DOI: 10.3747/co.27.6659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Postgraduate medical education is undergoing a paradigm shift in many universities worldwide, transitioning from a time-based model to competency-based medical education (cbme). Residency programs might have to alter clinical rotations, educational curricula, assessment methods, and faculty involvement in preparation for cbme, a process not yet characterized in the literature. Methods We surveyed Canadian medical oncology program directors on planned or newly implemented residency program changes in preparation for cbme. Results Prior to implementing cbme, all program directors changed at least 1 clinical rotation, most commonly making hematology/oncology (74%) entirely outpatient and eliminating radiation oncology (64%). Introductory rotations were altered to focus on common tumour sites, and later rotations were changed to increase learner autonomy. Most program directors planned to enhance resident learning with electronic teaching modules (79%), new training experiences (71%), and academic half-day changes (50%). Most program directors (64%) planned to change assessment methods to be entirely based on entrustable professional activities. All programs had developed a competence committee to review learner progress, and most (86%) had integrated academic coaches. Conclusions Transitioning to cbme led to major structural and curricular changes within medical oncology training programs. Identifying these commonly implemented changes could help other programs transition to cbme.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Arora
- Division of Medical Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton
| | - G Kazemi
- Division of Medical Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton
| | - T Hsu
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - O Levine
- Division of Medical Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton
| | - S K Basi
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton
| | - J W Henning
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB
| | - J Sussman
- Division of Radiation Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON
| | - S D Mukherjee
- Division of Medical Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton
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16
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Dimri A, Pant S, Arora R, Bachani S, Parvez S, Siraj F, Rastogi S. Differential expression of Chlamydia trachomatis heat shock protein 60-encoding genes in tubal ectopic pregnancy. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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17
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Arora R, Mukherjee SD. Improving formative assessments in Canadian medical oncology residency training. Curr Oncol 2020; 27:e524-e525. [PMID: 33173393 PMCID: PMC7606034 DOI: 10.3747/co.27.6885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical oncology is a subspecialty of internal medicine that involves the treatment of cancer with a variety of complex systemic therapies [...]
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Affiliation(s)
- R Arora
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON
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18
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Lodewyks C, Hiebert B, Prior H, Kumar K, Ouzounian M, Tangri N, Arora R, Yamashita M. LONG TERM SEX SPECIFIC OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH THORACIC AORTIC DISEASE. Can J Cardiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.07.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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19
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Aguiar C, MacLeod J, Hiebert B, Arora R, Legare J, Hassan A. THE IMPACT OF CARDIAC SURGERY START TIME ON POST-OPERATIVE RESOURCE UTILIZATION. Can J Cardiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.07.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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20
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Franceschi AM, Arora R, Wilson R, Giliberto L, Libman RB, Castillo M. Neurovascular Complications in COVID-19 Infection: Case Series. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1632-1640. [PMID: 32527844 PMCID: PMC7583125 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We present a series of 10 hospitalized patients with confirmed coronavirus 2019 infections who developed severe neurovascular complications and discuss the possible reasons for these findings and their relationship to the novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Arora
- Departments of Radiology and Neurology (R.A., L.G., R.B.L.), Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York
| | - R Wilson
- Neuroradiology Section (R.W., M.C.), Department of Radiology, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - L Giliberto
- Departments of Radiology and Neurology (R.A., L.G., R.B.L.), Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York
| | - R B Libman
- Departments of Radiology and Neurology (R.A., L.G., R.B.L.), Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York
| | - M Castillo
- Neuroradiology Section (R.W., M.C.), Department of Radiology, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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21
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Qasrawi A, Arora R, Ramlal R, Munker R, Hildebrandt GC. Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for prolonged bone marrow aplasia after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Am J Hematol 2020; 95:E89-E91. [PMID: 31919891 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Qasrawi
- Division of Hematology, Blood & Marrow Transplantation University of Kentucky Medical Center/Markey Cancer Center Lexington Kentucky
| | - Ranjana Arora
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine University of Kentucky Medical Center/Markey Cancer Center Lexington Kentucky
| | - Reshma Ramlal
- Division of Hematology, Blood & Marrow Transplantation University of Kentucky Medical Center/Markey Cancer Center Lexington Kentucky
| | - Reinhold Munker
- Division of Hematology, Blood & Marrow Transplantation University of Kentucky Medical Center/Markey Cancer Center Lexington Kentucky
| | - Gerhard C. Hildebrandt
- Division of Hematology, Blood & Marrow Transplantation University of Kentucky Medical Center/Markey Cancer Center Lexington Kentucky
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22
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Qasrawi A, Gomes V, Chacko CA, Mansour A, Kesler M, Arora R, Wei S, Ramlal R, Munker R. Acute undifferentiated leukemia: data on incidence and outcomes from a large population-based database. Leuk Res 2020; 89:106301. [PMID: 31982153 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2020.106301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL) is rare and defined by the absence of bona fide myeloid and lymphoid markers. Little is known about its incidence, survival and optimal management in the recent time period. Based on a case observed in our clinic, we queried the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 2000 and 2016. A total of 1,888 cases of AUL were diagnosed (1.34 per million person-years). The incidence of AUL has significantly decreased over time. Compared to other acute leukemias, patients with AUL have the highest median age (74 years); in contrast to acute myeloid leukemia (AML, 65) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL, 12). Excluding patients with preexisting malignancies, 1,444 patients with AUL were analyzed for survival. Only 35% of AUL patients had received chemotherapy. Comparatively, 94% of ALL and 71% of AML cases received chemotherapy. Among AUL patients who received chemotherapy, the median survival was 12 months as opposed to 1 month in the group who did not receive chemotherapy (or unknown status). Among adults, AUL patients had the worst prognosis, with a median overall survival (OS) of 9 months, compared to 27 months in ALL and 13 months in AML. Among children, the median OS was superior for all three groups of leukemias, the OS of AUL patients being better than in AML and very similar to ALL. On multivariate analysis, older age and time period were associated with worse outcome. We describe here the largest series of cases with AUL published to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Qasrawi
- Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | | | - Akila Mansour
- Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Melissa Kesler
- Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ranjana Arora
- Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Sainan Wei
- Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Reshma Ramlal
- Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Reinhold Munker
- Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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23
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Chung J, Lodewyks C, Forbes T, Chu M, Peterson M, Lindsay T, Arora R, Ouzounian M. PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF SPINAL CORD ISCHEMIA FOLLOWING AORTIC SURGERY: A NATIONWIDE SURVEY. Can J Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.07.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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24
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Eikelboom R, Arora R, Manji R. IDENTIFYING A GAP BETWEEN CANADIAN INTEREST AND INVOLVEMENT IN HUMANITARIAN CARDIAC SURGERY. Can J Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.07.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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25
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Abstract
Mutations in EGFR have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various types of cancer, and therefore antibody therapy directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr) is increasingly being used in the management of various cancers. Currently, anti-egfr antibodies are used mainly in the management of cancers of the head and neck and metastatic colorectal cancers. Because of this increasing use, we would like to inform the oncology community in North America of a rare, but life-threatening, toxicity associated with anti-egfr antibody therapy. Although cases in white and Japanese men have been documented, we present the first known North American report of panitumumab-induced pulmonary toxicity in a white woman.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Arora
- Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON
| | - M Kisiel
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON
| | - C MacColl
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON
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26
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Myint ZW, Jayswal R, Arora R, Monohan GP, Goldberg A, Fleischman R, Herzig R, Saeed H, Hildebrandt GC, Ramlal R. CGE19-065: Number of Somatic Mutations Is an Independent Predictor of Overall Survival in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2019. [DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2018.7116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by multiple somatically acquired mutations that affect genes of different functional categories. It has been well established in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) that the cumulative number of somatic mutations has an impact on overall survival. However, no such data exist for AML. In this study, we sought to determine the number of clinically significant somatic mutations for each cytogenetically defined risk group of AML and to determine whether this had an impact on overall survival (OS). Methods: In this retrospective, single-center study, all adult patients diagnosed with AML from August 2016–December 2017 were reviewed. Baseline characteristics, somatic mutations in the diagnostic bone marrow as detected by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), and survival outcomes were analyzed. NGS panel was done in-house and could identify 94 genes. Patients were divided into favorable, intermediate, and poor risk groups based on cytogenetics, and molecular abnormalities using NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for AML, version 1.2018. Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox regression analyses were utilized. Results: A total of 105 AML patients were included; baseline characteristics and frequency of identified clinically significant (CS) mutations are described in the presentation. The FLT3 mutation occurred in the highest frequency (22%) followed by DNMT3A & ASXL1 (15%). 17 (16%) patients were favorable risk, 33 (31%) intermediate risk, and 55 (52%) were poor risk. 67.6% of patients were male, and the median age was 64 (20–79) years. There was a difference in the number of CS mutations between the intermediate risk group and favorable risk group (P=.007), but not between the favorable risk and poor risk groups (P=.221) or between the intermediate risk group and poor risk group (P=.093). Increased number of CS mutations (≥ 5) was seen with equal frequency across risk groups and predicted for shorter overall survival in both univariate (HR=2.80; P=.039) and by multivariate Cox regression analysis (P=.001) independently from assigned risk group. There were no differences in age, gender, smoke, geographic, and different risk groups by multivariate analyses. Conclusion: Our study shows that ≥ 5clinically significant somatic mutations were associated with adverse outcomes and decreased survival, independent of risk groups and induction regimen. Thus, it may be a useful prognostic factor. This finding needs to be validated using a larger sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zin W. Myint
- University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY
| | - Rani Jayswal
- University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY
| | - Ranjana Arora
- University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY
| | | | - Amit Goldberg
- University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY
| | | | - Roger Herzig
- University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY
| | - Hayder Saeed
- University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY
| | | | - Reshma Ramlal
- University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY
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27
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Tripathi R, Tarai B, Arora R. Descriptive Epidemiology Including Outcomes Of Gram Negative Bacteria Sepsis In Children With Cancer In India. Pediatric Hematology Oncology Journal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2019.08.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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28
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Seth R, Kapoor G, Arora R, Verma N, Kumar A, Mahajan A, Mandal P, Kumari P, Das A, Venkatraman R, Gupta V, Jain P, S S, Kakadia P. The indian childhood cancer survivorship study (c2s study): after treatment completion registry of childhood cancers: phase – i. An inpog-le-16-01 study. Pediatric Hematology Oncology Journal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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29
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Seth R, Kapoor G, Arora R, Verma N, Kumar A, Mahajan A, Mandal P, Kumari P, Das A, Venkatraman R, Gupta V, Jain P, S S, Kakadia P. The indian childhood cancer survivorship study (C2S study): after treatment completion registry of childhood cancers - phase – I. AN INPOG-LE-16-01 STUDY. Pediatric Hematology Oncology Journal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2019.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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30
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Mahajan A, Arora R, Dinand V, Kalra M, Jain S, Bakhshi S, Singh M, Seth R, Verma N, Kumar A, Radhakrishnan V, Mandal P, Kapoor G, Phulkar S, Arora A, Taluja A, Chandra J. Empirical Anti-tubercular Treatment given to children with Hodgkin Lymphoma: does it impact outcomes? Pediatric Hematology Oncology Journal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2019.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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31
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de Souza RJ, Gauvin L, Williams NC, Lear SA, Oliveira AP, Desai D, Corsi DJ, Subramanian SV, Rana A, Arora R, Booth GL, Razak F, Brook JR, Tu JV, Anand SS. Environmental health assessment of communities across Canada: contextual factors study of the Canadian Alliance for Healthy Hearts and Minds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2018.1548071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. J. de Souza
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada
| | - L. Gauvin
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, École de santé publique de l’université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - N. C. Williams
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - S. A. Lear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - A. P. Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - D. Desai
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation, Hamilton, Canada
| | - D. J. Corsi
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - S. V. Subramanian
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A. Rana
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - R. Arora
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - G. L. Booth
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada
| | - F. Razak
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - J. R. Brook
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - J. V. Tu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto, Canada
| | - S. S. Anand
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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McIntosh P, Kass M, Arora R, Yamashita M, Kumar K, Kent D, Hiebert B, Toleva O. E-QUALITY - ELDERLY PROJECT FOR QUALITY OF LIFE POST-TRANSCATHETER VALVE IMPLANTATION (TAVI). Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.07.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Arora R, Rahman R, Joe W, Bakhshi S, Radhakrishnan V, Mahajan A, Chinnaswamy G, Bhattacharya A, Swami A, Manglani M, Seth R, Singh A, De S, MS L, Raj R, Borker A, Martiniuk A, Tsimicalis A. Families of Children Newly Diagnosed With Cancer Incur Significant Out-of-Pocket Expenditure for Treatment: Report of a Multi-Site Prospective Longitudinal Study From India (INPOG-ACC-16-01). J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.42400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diagnosis of cancer in a child places considerable economic burden on families. The health expenditures are more catastrophic in resource limited countries like India where GDP spend on health is just over 1% and financing of treatment is usually out-of-pocket (OOP). Consequently parents may abandon their child's cancer treatment to ensure financial sustainability of the family. Research in this area is mostly from resource rich countries and OOP expenditure burden remains unknown in India. Aim: The objective of this study is to describe the OOP expenditure incurred by families of children (< 18 years age) with cancer being treated in India prior to and during cancer directed treatment. Methods: A prospective cost of illness study from a family household perspective was conducted in 14 centers (5 public, 5 private and 4 charitable trust sector) in 4 cities in India from 2016-2018. Baseline family demographic and socioeconomic data were collected followed by OOP expenditure incurred prior to start of treatment. For the duration of the child's treatment, a social worker contacted parents at regular intervals to record their expenditure on cancer directed treatment. Data collection was stopped when one of these happened - completion of treatment or death or progression/relapse or abandonment or transfer. Data were described descriptively and a univariate/multivariate analysis using logistic regression was done to detect factors associated with OOP expenditure. Results: 394 children (63% male, median age 5 years) with cancer (64% leukemia/lymphoma, 33% solid tumors, 3% CNS tumors) were enrolled from public (45%), charitable trust (28%) and private (27%) sector hospitals. They were symptomatic for a median duration of 6 weeks (range 0 to 104 weeks). 88% had no insurance and 73% were from families with monthly income of ≤ 10,000 rupees (≤ 159 US$). Mean OOP expenditure was Rs 209,500 (3325 US$) which is 195% of per capita income (1706 US$) of India. OOP expenditure from onset of symptoms to start of treatment was Rs 53,104 (843 US$) of which 77% was medical (15% laboratory tests, 11% medicines, 9% hospital bed costs) and 23% nonmedical (12% travel, 6% food, 3% lodging). OOP expenditure on cancer directed treatment was Rs 156,396 (2482 US$) of which 64% was medical (9% hospital bed costs, 9% supportive care drugs, 8% laboratory tests) and 36% nonmedical (19% food, 9% travel, 6% lodging). On univariate analysis age, gender, city, type of treatment facility, insurance, type of cancer, driving time and distance were significantly associated with OOP expenditure but only insurance and type of treatment facility were found significant on multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Families of children with cancer incur significant OOP expenditure prior to and during cancer directed treatment, which includes a significant portion on nonmedical expenses. Expenditure varied significantly by insurance and type of treatment facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Arora
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - R.U. Rahman
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - W. Joe
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - S. Bakhshi
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | - A. Mahajan
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - A. Swami
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - M. Manglani
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - R. Seth
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - A. Singh
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - S. De
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - L. MS
- Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - R. Raj
- Apollo Speciality Cancer Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - A. Borker
- Asian Institute of Oncology, Mumbai, India
| | - A. Martiniuk
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, Australia
| | - A. Tsimicalis
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Cloutier J, Kass M, Arora R, Yamashita M, Kumar K, Hiebert B, Lauck S, Toleva O. IMPROVING CARE AND REDUCING COSTS: THE MULTIDISPLINARY, MINIMALIST, ACCELERATED CARE PATHWAY FOR PATIENTS UNDERGOING TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION. Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.07.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Spence J, Belley-Côté E, Jacobsohn E, Syed S, Whitlock R, Lee S, Bangdiwala S, Arora R, Sarkaria A, MacIsaac S, Girling L, LeManach Y, Lamy A, Devereaux P, Connolly S. BENZODIAZEPINE-FREE CARDIAC ANESTHESIA FOR REDUCTION OF DELIRIUM (B-FREE): A TWO-CENTRE PILOT STUDY TO DETERMINE THE FEASIBILITY OF A MULTI-CENTRE, RANDOMIZED, CLUSTER CROSSOVER TRIAL. Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.07.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Spence J, Belley-Cote E, Jacobsohn E, Syed S, Whitlock R, Lee SF, Bangdiwala S, Arora R, Sarkaria A, MacIsaac S, Girling L, Lemanach Y, Lamy A, Devereaux PJ, Connolly S. P836Benzodiazepine-free cardiac anesthesia for reduction of delirium (B-Free): a two-centre pilot study to determine the feasibility of a multi-centre, randomized, cluster crossover trial. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy564.p836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Spence
- Population Health Research Institute, Perioperative Medicine and Surgical Research Group, Hamilton, Canada
| | - E Belley-Cote
- Population Health Research Institute, Perioperative Medicine and Surgical Research Group, Hamilton, Canada
| | - E Jacobsohn
- St. Boniface General Hospital, Department of Anesthesia, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - S Syed
- McMaster University, Department of Anesthesia, Hamilton, Canada
| | - R Whitlock
- Population Health Research Institute, Perioperative Medicine and Surgical Research Group, Hamilton, Canada
| | - S F Lee
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada
| | - S Bangdiwala
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada
| | - R Arora
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Surgery, Section of Cardiac Surgery, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - A Sarkaria
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada
| | - S MacIsaac
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada
| | - L Girling
- St. Boniface General Hospital, Department of Anesthesia, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Y Lemanach
- McMaster University, Department of Anesthesia, Hamilton, Canada
| | - A Lamy
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada
| | - P J Devereaux
- Population Health Research Institute, Perioperative Medicine and Surgical Research Group, Hamilton, Canada
| | - S Connolly
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada
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Erhart S, Toth S, Kaiser P, Kastenberger T, Deml C, Arora R. Comparison of volarly and dorsally displaced distal radius fracture treated by volar locking plate fixation. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2018; 138:879-885. [PMID: 29696363 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-018-2925-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In case of distal radius fractures (DRF) the distal fragment generally displaces either dorsally or volarly. Scientific literature however, seldom differentiates between volarly and dorsally displaced DRFs when reporting results. It is no clear, if the direction of displacement has an influence on the clinical and radiological outcome. This study was intended to evaluate the influence of displacement direction in adult patients with surgically treated Colles or Smith type fractures. PATIENTS AND METHODS After a mean follow up (FU) time of above 5 years, 50 patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation for DRFs (25 Smith type fractures, 25 Colles type fractures) were included. Upon FU, standard X-rays and a clinical evaluation as well as evaluation scores were raised and analysed. RESULTS Clinical evaluation showed no difference between the Colles and the Smith group. Radiologic and clinical results for the Colles group showed diminished flexion compared to the healthy wrist, decreased radial inclination and dorsal tilt during FU and progression of osteoarthritis. For the Smith group decreased grip strength compared to the healthy wrist and osteoarthritis-progression was found. For both groups there was no correlation between radiologic values, grip strength, arthrosis grading, disability of arm, shoulder and hand score and patient rated wrist evaluation score. DISCUSSION Decreased flexion in combination with a decreased dorsopalmar tilt might hint towards a mechanical inhibition in the Colles group. Altogether, the study showed good clinical outcome with satisfactory radiological result. As all patients showed arthrosis progression, the fracture per se is to be seen as a prearthrotic factor. It still remains unclear which measures could be taken to prevent this.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Erhart
- Department for Trauma Surgery, Tirol Kliniken, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - S Toth
- Department for Trauma Surgery, Tirol Kliniken, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - P Kaiser
- Department for Trauma Surgery, Tirol Kliniken, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - T Kastenberger
- Department for Trauma Surgery, Tirol Kliniken, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C Deml
- Department for Trauma Surgery, Tirol Kliniken, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Arora
- Department for Trauma Surgery, Tirol Kliniken, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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Ha V, Keating B, Arora R, Tieu T, Noori A, Banfield L, Beyene J, Anand S, de Souza R. Assessing the Consistency and Quality of the Evidence for the Association Between Dietary Factors and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials. Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Sarova N, Ahlawat S, Grewal A, Sharma R, Arora R. Differential promoter methylation of DAZL gene in bulls with varying seminal parameters. Reprod Domest Anim 2018; 53:914-920. [PMID: 29604148 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In India, cross-breeding of indigenous cattle with exotic cattle such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey has been going on since last four decades to improve milk production. Although it has led to increased milk yield, the subfertility in male cross-bred progeny has remained a significant problem. Epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, histone modifications and chromatin remodelling) are regarded as key players influencing gene expression. DAZL gene plays an important role in germline development and gametogenesis. The methylation and mRNA expression level of this gene have been significantly negatively correlated in the testes of cattle-yak hybrids and their parents. This study analysed the methylation profile of DAZL gene promoter in bull spermatozoa in an attempt to speculate its role in cross-bred cattle subfertility. Semen samples from Sahiwal, Holstein Friesian and Frieswal bulls (Sahiwal X Holstein Friesian) with varying semen motility parameters were collected, and DNA was isolated. Methylation-specific primers were used to amplify part of promoter and exon 1 of DAZL gene using bisulphite-converted DNA. The amplified products were sequenced after cloning in pTZ57R/T vector. Sequence analysis revealed significantly higher DNA methylation of DAZL gene in Frieswal bulls with poor motility (28.26%) as compared to medium (15.21%) and high motility phenotype (6.52%). In pure-bred counterparts, Sahiwal and Holstein Friesian, epigenetic marks were more in the former (15.21%) than the latter (4.34%), but in both cases, the values were lower as compared to the poor motility Frieswal bulls. This suggests that differential hypermethylation of the CpG islands could possibly influence reproductive parameters in bovines.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sarova
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
| | - S Ahlawat
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
| | - A Grewal
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kurukshetra, India
| | - R Sharma
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
| | - R Arora
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
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Abstract
Different types of intraosseous suture anchors can be used for thumb ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) repair surgery. Some of them have already been tested biomechanically in intact bone; however, there exists little knowledge of their stability when implanted in avulsion fracture. In this biomechanical in vitro study, three anchor types (hard, soft and novel BoneWelding) were tested on 24 fresh frozen human thumbs from 12 body donors. After the repair of an iatrogenic ligamentous UCL rupture, the thumbs were cyclically loaded. A new set of anchors was implanted at the contralateral radial side of the same specimen into an iatrogenic avulsion fracture and pulled out of the bone. The most common mode of failure in ligamentous UCL repairs was the suture-ligament interface, especially when using soft anchors. In avulsion fractures, the novel anchor withstood significantly higher pullout forces than the hard or soft anchor (65 N vs. 42 N vs. 27 N; p = .006). The BW anchor provides sufficient anchorage in trabecular bone for UCL repair in case of avulsion fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wagner
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - W Schmoelz
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - H Stofferin
- Division of Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstrasse 59, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Arora
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Dalland J, Piecoro D, Kesler M, Wagner L, Arora R. 179 Relapsed Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm vs Fungal Infection: Pitfalls in Pathology. Am J Clin Pathol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqx121.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Mahajan A, Arora R, Dinand V, Kalra M, Jain S, Bakhshi S, Singh M, Seth R, Verma N, Kumar A, Radhakrishnan V, Mandal P, Kapoor G, Phulkar S, Arora A, Taluja A, Chandra J. Hodgkin lymphoma in the children under 5 years of age: do they behave diiferently? Pediatric Hematology Oncology Journal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2018.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Muller Moran H, Maguire D, Maguire D, Kowalski S, Jacobsohn E, Mackenzie G, Grocott H, Arora R. EFFECT OF EARLIER EXTUBATION ON POST-OPERATIVE DELIRIUM AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING. Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Manji R, Singal R, Hiebert B, Jacobsohn E, Menkis A, Arora R. DEVELOPMENT OF A RISK CALCULATOR TO PREDICT NON-INSTITUTIONALIZED SURVIVAL IN PATIENTS WITH PROLONGED LENGTH OF STAY AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY. Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Singh S, Ismail I, Dhillon A, Arora R. P4221Successful PCI of chronic total occlusion of coronary arteries with drug eluting stents improves outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p4221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Dubey PK, Dubey S, Mishra SK, Arora R, Patel J, Singh KP, Kathiravan P, Mishra BP, Kataria RS. PCR-SSCP analysis of MDGI gene and its association with milk production traits in river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Res Vet Sci 2017. [PMID: 28647599 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the genetic variation within 3'UTR of Mammary-Derived Growth Inhibitor (MDGI) gene of buffalo using PCR-SSCP and sequencing; and also analyzed association of polymorphism with the milk production traits. The study revealed two conformational patterns, 'A' and 'B' among 234 Mehsana buffaloes maintained with their records in the field and at farm. The frequency of SSCP variant 'A' was found to be invariably high in the buffalo population under study. Further, association analysis of SSCP variants with various milk production and milk quality traits indicated no significant effect on any of the traits investigated. Sequencing of SSCP variant 'A' showed homozygous G/G and A/A and 'B' had heterozygous G/C and A/G at positions +124 and +140 respectively, in the 3'UTR of buffalo MDGI. The preliminary results showed the substantial variations in the distribution of SSCP variants' frequencies within Mehsana buffaloes, however these variants had non-significant association with milk yield, fat yield and fat percentage in Mehsana buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Dubey
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - S Dubey
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - S K Mishra
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - R Arora
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - J Patel
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - K P Singh
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - P Kathiravan
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - B P Mishra
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - R S Kataria
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
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Singh S, Singh S, Arora R. Numerical solution of second-order one-dimensional hyperbolic equation by exponential B-spline collocation method. Numer Analys Appl 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1995423917020070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Arora R. Gene Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2017; 102:200-202. [PMID: 28548218 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in an aging population. Unfortunately, current treatments for AF are suboptimal, in large part because the molecular mechanisms underlying AF are not well understood. Recent advances in our understanding of the AF disease state have led to the preclinical development of gene-based therapies that are targeted to key molecular mechanisms involved in the genesis and maintenance of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Arora
- Department of Experimental Cardiac Electrophysiology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Arora R, Singh M, Garg A, Gupta M, Gupta N. Successful Treatment of BK Virus Hemorrhagic Cystitis (HC) Post Allogenic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation with Low Dose Cidofovir. J Assoc Physicians India 2017; 65:93-94. [PMID: 28598058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BK virus (BKV) hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic SCT (allo-HSCT) in patients with hematological malignancies. Around half of allogenic HSCT patients present with BKV viruria at some point after HSCT; about 5-40% of these patients subsequently develop active HC. Supportive care including bladder irrigation, blood transfusions and symptomatic pain management remains the mainstay of therapy; the acyclic nucleoside analogue cidofovir is currently the front-line drug for BKV-HC treatment. Here we report the first case of severe hemorrhagic cystitis from India who was successfully treated with low dose cidofovir therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - N Gupta
- Consultant, Department of Clinical Hematology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi
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