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Youssef IM, Khalil HA, Jaber FA, Alhazzaa RA, Alkholy SO, Almehmadi AM, Alhassani WE, Al-Shehri M, Hassan H, Hassan MS, Abd El Halim HS, El-Hack MEA, Youssef KM, Abo-Samra MA. Influence of dietary mannan-oligosaccharides supplementation on hematological characteristics, blood biochemical parameters, immune response and histological state of laying hens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103071. [PMID: 37734356 PMCID: PMC10518593 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the influence of dietary mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) on the immune system, hematological traits, blood biochemical parameters, and histological state of laying hens. At 34 wk of age, The Mandarah chicken strain's 120 laying hens and 12 cocks were divided into 4 groups, each with 30 hens and 3 cocks. The first group performed as a control group, which nourished on a basal diet. The second, third, and fourth experimental groups received 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 g/kg of MOS and a base diet, respectively. Birds obtained MOS at numerous doses significantly (P ˂ 0.05) raised serum levels of immunoglobulin Y (IgY), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and avian influenza (AI) antibodies compared to control birds. Furthermore, adding MOS at a level of 0.1 g/kg diet significantly improved the immune response of the control group. Additionally, compared to the control group, treated birds with MOS at various dosages did not significantly enhance hematological parameters such as red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), hemoglobin, and hematocrit. Compared to control birds, birds fed MOS at all levels exhibited considerably lower serum cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values. Also, compared to other treated birds, MOS-treated birds displayed improved histological examination of the small intestine, isthmus, and testis compared to the control group, particularly in birds fed MOS at 0.1 and 0.2 g/kg diet. It could be concluded that using MOS at 0.1 or 2 g/kg diet can successfully improve the physiological performance and overall health of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam M Youssef
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Hassan A Khalil
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Fatima A Jaber
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha A Alhazzaa
- Basic Sciences Department, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11481, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah O Alkholy
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AL-Qura University, Makkah, P.O. BOX. 715. 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awatif M Almehmadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AL-Qura University, Makkah, P.O. BOX. 715. 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa E Alhassani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AL-Qura University, Makkah, P.O. BOX. 715. 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-Shehri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham Hassan
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdy S Hassan
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Haiam S Abd El Halim
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Khaled M Youssef
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Maher A Abo-Samra
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Youssef IM, Khalil HA, Shakoori AM, Bagadood RM, Alyahyawi AY, Alhazzaa RA, Fakiha KG, Nasr S, Abo-Samra MA, Hassan MS, Halim HSAE, El-Hack MEA, Jaremko M, Al-Nemi R, Youssef KM. Immune response, hematological traits, biochemical blood parameters, and histological status of laying hens influenced by dietary chitosan-oligosaccharides. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102834. [PMID: 37390556 PMCID: PMC10466251 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This experiment aimed to examine the effect of chitosan-oligosaccharides (COS) supplementation in laying hens' diets affected their immune response, hematological characteristics, blood biochemical parameters, and histological status. At the age of 34 wk, 200 laying hens and 20 cocks of the Mandarah chicken strain were allotted into four groups, each consisting of 50 hens and five cocks. The first group acted as a control group, fed on a basal diet. The second, third, and fourth experimental groups each received 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 g/kg of COS in addition to a base diet. Birds received COS at various dosages had significantly (P ˂ 0.05) increased serum concentration of immunoglobulins, avian influenza, and Newcastle disease antibodies compared with the control birds. Moreover, adding COS at level 0.2 g/kg diet insignificantly enhanced immune response than the rest of the treatment groups. Also, treated birds with COS at different levels had insignificantly improved hematological parameters such as red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit compared to the control group. Birds fed COS at all levels had significantly decreased serum cholesterol, triglycerides, Ca++ and alanine aminotransferase concentrations compared with control birds. In addition, compared to the control group, chitosan-treated birds showed enhanced histological examination of the small intestine, isthmus, and testis, notably in birds given COS at 0.1 g/kg diet compared to other treated birds. Cocks fed COS at all levels improved testicular tissues and increased the number and diameter of seminiferous tubules compared with control birds Morphological examination of the ileum showed increased villi number, height, and crypt depth. It is possible to conclude that laying hens' physiological performance and general health can be effectively improved by using chitosan at 0.1 or 2 g/kg diet levels enhanced immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam M Youssef
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Hassan A Khalil
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Afnan M Shakoori
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab M Bagadood
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej Y Alyahyawi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha A Alhazzaa
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Basic Sciences Department, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khloud G Fakiha
- University of Jeddah, College of Science, Department of Biology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samia Nasr
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher A Abo-Samra
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Magdy S Hassan
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Haiam S Abd El Halim
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruba Al-Nemi
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled M Youssef
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Alhazzaa RA, McKinley RE, Getachew B, Tizabi Y, Heinbockel T, Csoka AB. Epigenetic Changes Induced by High Glucose in Human Pancreatic Beta Cells. J Diabetes Res 2023; 2023:9947294. [PMID: 36815184 PMCID: PMC9940985 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9947294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes in pancreatic beta cells caused by sustained high blood glucose levels, as seen in prediabetic conditions, may contribute to the etiology of diabetes. To delineate a direct cause and effect relationship between high glucose and epigenetic changes, we cultured human pancreatic beta cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells and treated them with either high or low glucose, for 14 days. We then used the Arraystar 4x180K HG19 RefSeq Promoter Array to perform whole-genome DNA methylation analysis. A total of 478 gene promoters, out of a total of 23,148 present on the array (2.06%), showed substantial differences in methylation (p < 0.01). Out of these, 285 were hypomethylated, and 193 were hypermethylated in experimental vs. control. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed that the main pathways and networks that were differentially methylated include those involved in many systems, including those related to development, cellular growth, and proliferation. Genes implicated in the etiology of diabetes, including networks involving glucose metabolism, insulin secretion and regulation, and cell cycle regulation, were notably altered. Influence of upstream regulators such as MRTFA, AREG, and NOTCH3 was predicted based on the altered methylation of their downstream targets. The study validated that high glucose levels can directly cause many epigenetic changes in pancreatic beta cells, suggesting that this indeed may be a mechanism involved in the etiology of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A. Alhazzaa
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University, 520 W St. NW, Washington DC 20059, USA
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raechel E. McKinley
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University, 520 W St. NW, Washington DC 20059, USA
| | - Bruk Getachew
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University, 520 W St. NW, Washington DC 20059, USA
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University, 520 W St. NW, Washington DC 20059, USA
| | - Thomas Heinbockel
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University, 520 W St. NW, Washington DC 20059, USA
| | - Antonei B. Csoka
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University, 520 W St. NW, Washington DC 20059, USA
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