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Hassan R, Meehan AA, Hughes S, Beeson A, Spencer H, Howard J, Tietje L, Richardson M, Schultz A, Zawitz C, Ghinai I, Hagan LM. Health Belief Model to Assess Mpox Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Residents and Staff, Cook County Jail, Illinois, USA, July-August 2022. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:S49-S55. [PMID: 38561645 PMCID: PMC10986831 DOI: 10.3201/eid3013.230643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In summer 2022, a case of mpox was confirmed in a resident at the Cook County Jail (CCJ) in Chicago, Illinois, USA. We conducted in-depth interviews with CCJ residents and staff to assess mpox knowledge, attitudes, and practices; hygiene and cleaning practices; and risk behaviors. We characterized findings by using health belief model constructs. CCJ residents and staff perceived increased mpox susceptibility but were unsure about infection severity; they were motivated to protect themselves but reported limited mpox knowledge as a barrier and desired clear communication to inform preventive actions. Residents expressed low self-efficacy to protect themselves because of contextual factors, including perceived limited access to cleaning, disinfecting, and hygiene items. Our findings suggest correctional facilities can support disease prevention by providing actionable and tailored messages; educating residents and staff about risk and vaccination options; and ensuring access to and training for hygiene, cleaning, and disinfecting supplies.
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Liu X, Onda M, Schlomer J, Bassel L, Kozlov S, Tai CH, Zhou Q, Liu W, Tsao HE, Hassan R, Ho M, Pastan I. Tumor resistance to anti-mesothelin CAR-T cells caused by binding to shed mesothelin is overcome by targeting a juxtamembrane epitope. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317283121. [PMID: 38227666 PMCID: PMC10823246 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317283121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite many clinical trials, CAR-T cells are not yet approved for human solid tumor therapy. One popular target is mesothelin (MSLN) which is highly expressed on the surface of about 30% of cancers including mesothelioma and cancers of the ovary, pancreas, and lung. MSLN is shed by proteases that cleave near the C terminus, leaving a short peptide attached to the cell. Most anti-MSLN antibodies bind to shed MSLN, which can prevent their binding to target cells. To overcome this limitation, we developed an antibody (15B6) that binds next to the membrane at the protease-sensitive region, does not bind to shed MSLN, and makes CAR-T cells that have much higher anti-tumor activity than a CAR-T that binds to shed MSLN. We have now humanized the Fv (h15B6), so the CAR-T can be used to treat patients and show that h15B6 CAR-T produces complete regressions in a hard-to-treat pancreatic cancer patient derived xenograft model, whereas CAR-T targeting a shed epitope (SS1) have no anti-tumor activity. In these pancreatic cancers, the h15B6 CAR-T replicates and replaces the cancer cells, whereas there are no CAR-T cells in the tumors receiving SS1 CAR-T. To determine the mechanism accounting for high activity, we used an OVCAR-8 intraperitoneal model to show that poorly active SS1-CAR-T cells are bound to shed MSLN, whereas highly active h15B6 CAR-T do not contain bound MSLN enabling them to bind to and kill cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- X.F. Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - M. Onda
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - J. Schlomer
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - L. Bassel
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - S. Kozlov
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - C.-H. Tai
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Q. Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - W. Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - H.-E. Tsao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - R. Hassan
- Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - M. Ho
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - I. Pastan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
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Copen CE, Delaney KP, Agnew-Brune C, Berry I, Griffin I, Hassan R, Oakley LP, Wondmeneh S, Rhodes T, Gillani S, Lee M, Ashley P, Willut C, Mangla A, Waltenburg MA, Jackson DA. Modifications to Sexual Behaviors Associated With Mpox (Monkeypox) Virus Transmission Among Persons Presenting for mpox Vaccination, Washington, DC, August-October, 2022. Sex Transm Dis 2024; 51:54-60. [PMID: 37889944 PMCID: PMC10982844 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000001889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 30,000 mpox cases were reported during the 2022 mpox outbreak with many cases occurring among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (MSM). Decreases in U.S. mpox cases were likely accelerated by a combination of vaccination and modifications to sexual behaviors associated with mpox virus transmission. We assessed reports of sexual behavior change among participants receiving mpox vaccination in Washington, DC. METHODS During August to October 2022, 711 adults aged ≥18 years receiving mpox vaccination at two public health clinics in Washington, DC completed a self-administered questionnaire that asked whether sexual behaviors changed since learning about mpox. We calculated the frequency and percentages of participants reporting an increase, decrease, or no change in 4 of these behaviors by demographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Overall, between 46% and 61% of participants reported a decrease in sexual behaviors associated with mpox virus transmission, 39% to 54% reported no change in these behaviors, and <1% reported an increase. Approximately 61% reported decreases in one-time sexual encounters (95% confidence interval [CI], 56.8%-64.7%), 54.3% reduced numbers of sex partners (95% CI, 50.4%-58.0%), 53.4% decreased sex via a dating app or sex venue (95% CI, 49.7%-58.0%), and 45.6% reported less group sex (95% CI, 40.4%-50.9%). Reported decreases in these behaviors were higher for MSM than women; in non-Hispanic Black than non-Hispanic White participants; and in participants with human immunodeficiency virus than participants without human immunodeficiency virus. CONCLUSIONS Most participants receiving mpox vaccination reported decreasing sexual behaviors associated with mpox virus transmission, including groups disproportionately affected by the outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey E. Copen
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Multinational Mpox Response, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kevin P. Delaney
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Multinational Mpox Response, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christine Agnew-Brune
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Multinational Mpox Response, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Isha Berry
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Multinational Mpox Response, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Isabel Griffin
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Multinational Mpox Response, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rashida Hassan
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Multinational Mpox Response, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lisa P. Oakley
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Multinational Mpox Response, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah Wondmeneh
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Multinational Mpox Response, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michelle A. Waltenburg
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Multinational Mpox Response, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David A. Jackson
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Multinational Mpox Response, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Hassan R, Wondmeneh S, Jimenez NG, Chapman K, Mangla A, Ashley P, Willut C, Lee M, Rhodes T, Gillani S, Copen C, Jackson DA, Waltenburg M, Delaney KP, Miles G, Agnew-Brune C, Oakley LP. Mpox Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Persons Presenting for JYNNEOS Vaccination-District of Columbia, August to October 2022. Sex Transm Dis 2024; 51:47-53. [PMID: 37921836 PMCID: PMC11027964 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000001893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 30,000 mpox cases have been confirmed in the United States since May 2022. Mpox cases have disproportionally occurred among adult gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men; transgender persons; and Black and Hispanic/Latino persons. We examined knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding mpox vaccination among adults presenting for vaccination to inform prevention efforts. METHODS We collected mixed-methods data from a convenience sample of adults presenting for JYNNEOS vaccination at 3 DC Health mpox vaccine clinics during August-October 2022. Survey and interview topics included knowledge about mpox symptoms and vaccine protection, beliefs about vaccine access, and trusted sources of information. RESULTS In total, 352 participants completed self-administered surveys and 62 participants completed an in-depth interview. Three main themes emerged from survey and interview data. First, most participants had a general understanding about mpox, but gaps remained in comprehensive understanding about mpox symptoms, modes of transmission, vaccine protection, personal risk, and vaccine dosing strategies. Second, participants had high trust in public health agencies. Third, participants wanted more equitable and less stigmatizing access to mpox vaccine services. CONCLUSIONS Nonstigmatizing, inclusive, and clear communication from trusted sources, including public health agencies, is needed to address mpox knowledge gaps and increase vaccine access and uptake in affected communities. Mpox outreach efforts should continue innovative approaches, including person-level risk assessment tools, to address community needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashida Hassan
- Multinational Mpox Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Sarah Wondmeneh
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, National Center for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Public Health Infrastructure and Workforce, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Kelly Chapman
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, National Center for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Public Health Infrastructure and Workforce, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Casey Copen
- Multinational Mpox Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - David A. Jackson
- Multinational Mpox Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Michelle Waltenburg
- Multinational Mpox Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Kevin P. Delaney
- Multinational Mpox Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Gillian Miles
- Multinational Mpox Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Christine Agnew-Brune
- Multinational Mpox Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Lisa P. Oakley
- Multinational Mpox Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
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Hassan R, Saldana CS, Garlow EW, Gutierrez M, Hershow RB, Elimam D, Adame JF, Andía JF, Padilla M, Gonzalez Jimenez N, Freeman D, Johnson EN, Reed K, Holland DP, Orozco H, Pedraza G, Hayes C, Philpott DC, Curran KG, Wortley P, Agnew-Brune C, Gettings JR. Barriers and Facilitators to HIV Service Access among Hispanic/Latino Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men in Metropolitan Atlanta-a Qualitative Analysis. J Urban Health 2023; 100:1193-1201. [PMID: 38012505 PMCID: PMC10728373 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-023-00809-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Hispanic/Latino persons are disproportionately impacted by HIV in the US, and HIV diagnoses among Hispanic/Latino men in Georgia have increased over the past decade, particularly in metropolitan Atlanta. In 2022, the Georgia Department of Public Health detected five clusters of rapid HIV transmission centered among Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (HLMSM) in metropolitan Atlanta. We conducted in-depth interviews with 65 service providers and 29 HLMSM to identify barriers and facilitators to HIV service access for HLMSM. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and translated, if needed. Initial data analyses were conducted rapidly in the field to inform public health actions. We then conducted additional analyses including line-by-line coding of the interview transcripts using a thematic analytic approach. We identified four main themes. First, inequity in language access was a predominant barrier. Second, multiple social and structural barriers existed. Third, HLMSM encountered intersectional stigma. Finally, the HLMSM community is characterized by its diversity, and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to providing appropriate care to this population. The collection of qualitative data during an HIV cluster investigation allowed us to quickly identity barriers experienced by HLMSM when accessing HIV and other medical care, to optimize public health response and action. Well-designed program evaluation and implementation research may help elucidate specific strategies and tools to reduce health disparities, ensure equitable service access for HLMSM, and reduce HIV transmission in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashida Hassan
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
| | - Carlos S Saldana
- Fulton County Board of Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Mariana Gutierrez
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Rebecca B Hershow
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dena Elimam
- Georgia Department of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jose F Adame
- Georgia Department of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonny F Andía
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Mabel Padilla
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | | | - Dorian Freeman
- Gwinnett, Newton, and Rockdale County Health Department, Lawrenceville, GA, USA
| | | | - Karrie Reed
- Cobb and Douglas Public Health, Marietta, GA, USA
| | - David P Holland
- Fulton County Board of Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Craig Hayes
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - David C Philpott
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kathryn G Curran
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | | | - Christine Agnew-Brune
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Jenna R Gettings
- Georgia Department of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Saldana C, Philpott DC, Mauck DE, Hershow RB, Garlow E, Gettings J, Freeman D, France AM, Johnson EN, Ajmal A, Elimam D, Reed K, Sulka A, Adame JF, Andía JF, Gutierrez M, Padilla M, Jimenez NG, Hayes C, McClung RP, Cantos VD, Holland DP, Scott JY, Oster AM, Curran KG, Hassan R, Wortley P. Public Health Response to Clusters of Rapid HIV Transmission Among Hispanic or Latino Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men - Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, 2021-2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2023; 72:261-264. [PMID: 36893048 PMCID: PMC10010755 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7210a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
During February 2021-June 2022, the Georgia Department of Public Health (GDPH) detected five clusters of rapid HIV transmission concentrated among Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic) gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in metropolitan Atlanta. The clusters were detected through routine analysis of HIV-1 nucleotide sequence data obtained through public health surveillance (1,2). Beginning in spring 2021, GDPH partnered with health districts with jurisdiction in four metropolitan Atlanta counties (Cobb, DeKalb, Fulton, and Gwinnett) and CDC to investigate factors contributing to HIV spread, epidemiologic characteristics, and transmission patterns. Activities included review of surveillance and partner services interview data,† medical chart reviews, and qualitative interviews with service providers and Hispanic MSM community members. By June 2022, these clusters included 75 persons, including 56% who identified as Hispanic, 96% who reported male sex at birth, 81% who reported male-to-male sexual contact, and 84% of whom resided in the four metropolitan Atlanta counties. Qualitative interviews identified barriers to accessing HIV prevention and care services, including language barriers, immigration- and deportation-related concerns, and cultural norms regarding sexuality-related stigma. GDPH and the health districts expanded coordination, initiated culturally concordant HIV prevention marketing and educational activities, developed partnerships with organizations serving Hispanic communities to enhance outreach and services, and obtained funding for a bilingual patient navigation program with academic partners to provide staff members to help persons overcome barriers and understand the health care system. HIV molecular cluster detection can identify rapid HIV transmission among sexual networks involving ethnic and sexual minority groups, draw attention to the needs of affected populations, and advance health equity through tailored responses that address those needs.
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Saldana CS, Hershow R, Philpott D, Hassan R, Curran K, Gettings J, Garlow E, Mauck D, Cantos VD, Holland DP, Freeman D, Johnson E, Reed K, Adame J, Orozco H, Wortley P. 797. Investigation of HIV Clusters Among Hispanic/Latino Gay or Bisexual Men in Metro Atlanta, Georgia. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022. [PMCID: PMC9752836 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac492.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Metro Atlanta, Georgia, annual HIV diagnoses among Hispanic/Latino (H/L) adolescents and adults have increased since 2014 (Figure 1), and four HIV molecular clusters, consisting primarily of Hispanic/Latino gay or bisexual men and other men who have sex with men (HLGBM), were identified in 2021. In March 2022, the Georgia Department of Public Health, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and four health districts of Metro Atlanta (Fulton, Gwinnett, DeKalb, and Cobb) launched an investigation to characterize the clusters, assess barriers to accessing HIV care and prevention services, and inform improvements to service delivery. Methods We described the four clusters using HIV surveillance data. We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with 29 HLGBM and 28 providers through purposive sampling. Iterative analyses were conducted daily, comparing findings across interviews to identify commonly mentioned barriers to accessing HIV care and prevention services. Results The four clusters varied in size (5–42 members) and proportion of H/L members (41–100%); one cluster included members reporting injection drug use (14%) (Table 1). Viral suppression among cluster members was high across clusters (87–100%). Overarching reported barriers to accessing medical services included lack of culturally and linguistically concordant services, fear of deportation, transportation, and financial barriers (Table 2). LGBTQ and HIV stigma, low STD/HIV awareness, low access to primary care and HIV screening in primary and urgent care settings, and limited community outreach and marketing were common barriers to accessing HIV prevention services. For pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) specifically, fear of being perceived as promiscuous, limited PrEP knowledge, and concerns with side effects were barriers. Navigating the healthcare system was noted as the primary challenge in HIV care. Conclusion The investigation of four clusters affecting HLGBM identified opportunities to improve access to HIV prevention and PrEP services for this population. State and local partners are planning cluster response activities, including ways to provide low-barrier culturally and linguistically concordant services (Table 3). Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Hershow
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - David Philpott
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rashida Hassan
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kathryn Curran
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jenna Gettings
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Daniel Mauck
- Georgia Department of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | | - Dorian Freeman
- Gwinnett, Newton & Rockdale County Health Departments, Lawrenceville, Georgia
| | | | - Karrie Reed
- Cobb & Douglas Public Health, Marrietta, Georgia
| | - Jose Adame
- Georgia Department of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia
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Hagan LM, Beeson A, Hughes S, Hassan R, Tietje L, Meehan AA, Spencer H, Turner J, Richardson M, Howard J, Schultz A, Ali S, Butler MM, Arce Garza D, Morgan CN, Kling C, Baird N, Townsend MB, Carson WC, Lowe D, Wynn NT, Black SR, Kerins JL, Rafinski J, Defuniak A, Auguston P, Mosites E, Ghinai I, Zawitz C. Monkeypox Case Investigation — Cook County Jail, Chicago, Illinois, July–August 2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022; 71:1271-1277. [PMID: 36201399 PMCID: PMC9541030 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7140e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Morhard R, Mikhail A, Negussie A, Mauda-Havakuk M, Delgado J, Kassin M, Zhang J, Pastan I, Hassan R, Pritchard W, Karanian J, Wood B. Abstract No. 334 Drug distribution maps with CT after direct co-injection with contrast agent in ex vivo tissue. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Evans KN, Hassan R, Townes A, Buchacz K, Smith DK. The Potential of Telecommunication Technology to Address Racial/Ethnic Disparities in HIV PrEP Awareness, Uptake, Adherence, and Persistence in Care: A Review. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:3878-3888. [PMID: 35614366 PMCID: PMC9131988 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-022-03715-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective in preventing new HIV infection, but uptake remains challenging among Black and Hispanic/Latino persons. The purpose of this review was to understand how studies have used electronic telecommunication technology to increase awareness, uptake, adherence, and persistence in PrEP care among Black and Hispanic/Latino persons and how it can reduce social and structural barriers that contribute to disparities in HIV infection. Of the 1114 articles identified, 10 studies were eligible. Forty percent (40%) of studies focused on Black or Hispanic/Latino persons and 80% addressed social and structural barriers related to PrEP use such as navigation or access to PrEP. Mobile health designs were more commonly used (50%) compared to telehealth (30%) and e-health (20%) designs. There is a need to increase the development of telecommunications interventions that address the needs of Black and Hispanic/Latino persons often challenged with uptake and adherent use of PrEP.
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Khoo C, Dahlan R, Mat Desa Z, Syarina P, Mohd. Salim S, Barker Z, Abu Hassan M, Hassan R, Mohd Saeid F. Molecular Detection of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus in Malaysia 2021. Int J Infect Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.12.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Malek NJA, Hassan R, Alisibramulisi A, Alesaei SMA, Sapuan SM. Delamination Test for Mengkulang Timber Species Using Methods A and C. Green Infrastructure 2022:113-130. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-6383-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Whitney BM, McCLURE M, Hassan R, Pomeroy M, Seelman SL, Singleton LN, Blessington T, Hardy C, Blankenship J, Pereira E, Davidson CN, Luo Y, Pettengill J, Curry P, McCONNELL T, Gieraltowski L, Schwensohn C, Basler C, Fritz K, McKENNA C, Nieves K, Oliveira J, Sandoval AL, Crosby A, Williams D, Crocker K, Thomas D, Fulton T, Muetter L, Li L, Omoregie E, Holloman K, Brennan C, Thomas N, Barnes A, Viazis S. A Series of Papaya-Associated Salmonella Illness Outbreak Investigations in 2017 and 2019: A Focus on Traceback, Laboratory, and Collaborative Efforts. J Food Prot 2021; 84:2002-2019. [PMID: 34265065 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-21-082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In 2017 and 2019, five outbreaks of infections from multiple strains of Salmonella linked to the consumption of whole, fresh Maradol papayas were reported in the United States, resulting in 325 ill persons. Traceback, laboratory, and epidemiologic evidence indicated papayas as the likely vehicle for each of these outbreaks and identified the source of papayas. State and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) laboratories recovered Salmonella from papaya samples from various points of distribution, including at import entry, and conducted serotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and phylogenetic analyses of whole genome sequencing data. Federal and state partners led traceback investigations to determine the source of papayas. Four different suppliers of papayas were linked by traceback and laboratory results to five separate outbreaks of Salmonella infections associated with papayas. In 2017, multiple states tested papaya samples collected at retail, and Maryland and Virginia investigators recovered strains of Salmonella associated with one outbreak. FDA collected 183 papaya samples in 2017, and 11 samples yielded 62 isolates of Salmonella. Eleven serotypes of Salmonella were recovered from FDA papaya samples, and nine serotypes were closely related genetically by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and whole genome sequencing to clinical isolates of four outbreaks, including the outbreak associated with positive state sample results. Four farms in Mexico were identified, and their names were released to the general public, retailers, and foreign authorities. In 2019, FDA collected 119 papaya samples, three of which yielded Salmonella; none yielded the 2019 outbreak strain. Investigators determined that papayas of interest had been sourced from a single farm in Campeche, Mexico, through traceback. This information was used to protect public health through public guidance, recalls, and import alerts and helped FDA collaborate with Mexican regulatory partners to enhance the food safety requirements for papayas imported from Mexico. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke M Whitney
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Monica McCLURE
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Rashida Hassan
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30329
| | - Mary Pomeroy
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30329
| | - Sharon L Seelman
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Lauren N Singleton
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Tyann Blessington
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Cerisé Hardy
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Joseph Blankenship
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Evelyn Pereira
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Chelsea N Davidson
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Yan Luo
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - James Pettengill
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Phillip Curry
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Terri McCONNELL
- Office of Regulatory Affairs, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993
| | | | - Colin Schwensohn
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30329
| | - Colin Basler
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30329
| | - Kevin Fritz
- Office of Regulatory Affairs, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993
| | - Crystal McKENNA
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - Kenneth Nieves
- Office of the Commissioner, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993
| | - Janete Oliveira
- Office of the Commissioner, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993
| | - Ana Lilia Sandoval
- Office of the Commissioner, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993
| | - Alvin Crosby
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740
| | - D'Ann Williams
- State of Maryland Rapid Response Team, Maryland Department of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Kia Crocker
- State of Maryland Rapid Response Team, Maryland Department of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Deepam Thomas
- New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, New Jersey 08625
| | - Tara Fulton
- New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, New Jersey 08625
| | - Loel Muetter
- New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, New Jersey 08625
| | - Lan Li
- Bureau of Communicable Disease, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Queens, New York 11101
| | - Enoma Omoregie
- Public Health Laboratory, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Queens, New York 11101
| | | | - Christy Brennan
- Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Richmond, Virginia 23219
| | - Nikeya Thomas
- Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Richmond, Virginia 23219
| | - Amber Barnes
- California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, California 95899, USA
| | - Stelios Viazis
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740
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Oster AM, Lyss SB, McClung RP, Watson M, Panneer N, Hernandez AL, Buchacz K, Robilotto SE, Curran KG, Hassan R, Ocfemia MCB, Linley L, Perez SM, Phillip SA, France AM. HIV Cluster and Outbreak Detection and Response: The Science and Experience. Am J Prev Med 2021; 61:S130-S142. [PMID: 34686282 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Respond pillar of the Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. initiative, which consists of activities also known as cluster and outbreak detection and response, offers a framework to guide tailored implementation of proven HIV prevention strategies where transmission is occurring most rapidly. Cluster and outbreak response involves understanding the networks in which rapid transmission is occurring; linking people in the network to essential services; and identifying and addressing gaps in programs and services such as testing, HIV and other medical care, pre-exposure prophylaxis, and syringe services programs. This article reviews the experience gained through 30 HIV cluster and outbreak responses in North America during 2000-2020 to describe approaches for implementing these core response strategies. Numerous jurisdictions that have implemented these response strategies have demonstrated success in improving outcomes related to HIV care and viral suppression, testing, use of prevention services, and reductions in transmission or new diagnoses. Efforts to address important gaps in service delivery revealed by cluster and outbreak detection and response can strengthen prevention efforts broadly through multidisciplinary, multisector collaboration. In this way, the Respond pillar embodies the collaborative, data-guided approach that is critical to the overall success of the Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. initiative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Oster
- Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; U.S. Public Health Service, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Sheryl B Lyss
- Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; U.S. Public Health Service, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - R Paul McClung
- Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; U.S. Public Health Service, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Meg Watson
- Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nivedha Panneer
- Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Angela L Hernandez
- Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kate Buchacz
- Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Susan E Robilotto
- Division of State HIV/AIDS Programs, HIV/AIDS Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Kathryn G Curran
- Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rashida Hassan
- Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - M Cheryl Bañez Ocfemia
- Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Laurie Linley
- Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Stephen M Perez
- Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; U.S. Public Health Service, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Stanley A Phillip
- Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Anne Marie France
- Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; U.S. Public Health Service, Atlanta, Georgia
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Hassan R, Nijhar JS, Leow VM, Manisekar S. Modifications to Hepatopancreatobiliary surgical services during COVID-19 partial lockdown in a hospital in northern Malaysia. Med J Malaysia 2021; 76:714-717. [PMID: 34508379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) services during the initial phase of a pandemic in a state referral hospital for COVID-19 presents a few challenges, especially when a nationwide, government-issued partial lockdown is in enforcement. We describe the adaptations to our practice to maintain the services whilst ensuring safety of patients and staff, by postponing non-urgent clinic cases, grouping our staff to two mutually exclusive teams that work on alternate shifts and selecting HPB operative cases according to the modified Risk Urgency Decision Matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hassan
- Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Department of Surgery, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia.
| | | | - V M Leow
- Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Department of Surgery, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - S Manisekar
- Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Department of Surgery, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
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Mortada MA, Hassan R, Amer YA. POS1276 LONG TERM OUTCOME OF MULTIPLE ULTRASOUND GUIDED SUPRASCAPULAR NERVE BLOCK IN TREATMENT OF FROZEN SHOULDER IN DIABETIC PATIENTS. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Frozen shoulder is prevalent among diabetic patients, and usually has aggressive course, with more tendency to be bilateral and resistant to treatment. Suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) is used with increasing frequency by anesthetists and rheumatologists in the management of frozen shoulder. We previously introduced a protocol of nine injections for SSNB with better short term outcome than single SSNB injection (1). Long term outcome of SSNB in management of frozen shoulder is still not detected.Objectives:To evaluate the long term effect of multiple (nine) ultrasound guided supra-scapular nerve block in treatment of diabetic frozen shoulder.Methods:A retrospective cohort study followed up 40 diabetic patients who received a course of ultrasound guided multiple supra-scapular nerve block (9 injections) on 2014. In this study we retrospectively assessed the patients from previously recorded data at a mean duration of 6 years after completing the 9 injection course SSNB clinically by measuring the shoulder active range of motion (using a goniometer in three planes: abduction, internal, and external rotation). Visual analogue scale and Functional assessment by shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI).Results:Thirty four patients (85% of original cohort) completed the long term follow up.The patients were 19 (55.9%) females, 60.6 y mean age, and the mean of disease duration was 85.6 months. The majority of patients (33 patients 97.05%) continues improvement and gained within normal complete range of motions in all directions and excellent grades of shoulder function (Table 1).Table 1.Clinical ParametersAt base lineAt 4 monthsLast follow up at (72months±4)**P valueSPADI pain score (100)(68.8 ± 0.5)a(10.3 ± 7.4)b(0.9±1.9)c0.00*SPADI disability score (100)(69.2 ± 7.7)a(6.25 ± 2.25)b(0.4±0.8)c0.00*SPADI total (100)(69.1 ± 8.5)a(8.15 ± 5.4)b(1.1±0.9)c0.00*Patient global assessment (100)(90.2 ± 8.2)a(8.2 ± 4.2)b(0.4±2.1)c0.00*Night pain (100)(55.4±10.2)a(10.3 ± 4.9)b(2.3±1.1)c0.00*Abduction (180°)(77.5 ± 4.7)a(170.3 ± 10.3)b(174.2±6.2)b0.00*External rotation (100 °)(46 ± 12.6)a(80.1 ± 10.2)b(86.4±10.3)b0.00*Internal rotation (70 °)(34.5 ± 2.4)a(55.4 ± 10.1)b(60.2±9.5)b0.00** P <0.05 there was a statistical significant difference•A,b,c--- the alphabet of different symbols ---means a significant statistical difference between groupsSPADI: shoulder pain and disability indexConclusion:The multiple injection courses for supra-scapular nerve block has an excellent long term efficacy as treatment of diabetic frozen shoulder. This method should be the treatment of choice in patients of diabetic frozen shoulder who do not respond to physiotherapy.References:[1]Mortada, M. A., Ezzeldin, N., Abbas, S. F., Ammar, H. A. & Salama, N. A. Multiple versus single ultrasound guided suprascapular nerve block in treatment of frozen shoulder in diabetic patients. J. Back Musculoskelet. Rehabil. 30, 537–542 (2017).Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Hering‐Smith K, Huang W, Hassan R, Li X, Sato R, Zhuo J, Hamm L. Role of Proximal Tubule NHE3 in Ammonium and Krebs Cycle Metabolite Excretion. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.01878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - X. Li
- Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLA
| | - R. Sato
- Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLA
| | - J. Zhuo
- Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLA
| | - L. Hamm
- Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLA
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Hassan R, Johari M, Nijhar JS, Sharifah BSA, Low LL, Amri N. Emergency Laparotomy in a COVID-19 patient with acute abdomen. Med J Malaysia 2021; 76:254-257. [PMID: 33742640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We describe here the first laparotomy involving a COVID-19 patient in Malaysia. A 60-year-old man screened positive for SARS-CoV-2 in March 2020 and developed acute abdomen in the ward in Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Kedah. He underwent laparotomy and cholecystectomy for gangrenous cholecystitis. All personnel adhered to infectious control precautions, donning full personal protective equipment (PPE) throughout the surgery. Post-operatively, due to raised septic parameters, he was carefully diagnosed with and treated empirically for superimposed bacterial sepsis instead of cytokine release syndrome, with confirmed blood culture of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Patient was discharged well later. None of the staff involved in his care developed COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hassan
- Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Department of Surgery, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia.
| | - M Johari
- Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Department of Surgery, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - J S Nijhar
- Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Department of Surgery, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - B S A Sharifah
- Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Unit, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - L L Low
- Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Unit, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - N Amri
- Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Department of Surgery, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
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Ankathil R, Ismail SM, Mohd Yunus N, Sulong S, Husin A, Abdullah AD, Hassan R. Clinical implications of conventional cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and molecular testing in chronic myeloid leukaemia patients in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor era - A review. Malays J Pathol 2020; 42:307-321. [PMID: 33361712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) provides an illustrative disease model for both molecular pathogenesis of cancer and rational drug therapy. Imatinib mesylate (IM), a BCR-ABL1 targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) drug, is the first line gold standard drug for CML treatment. Conventional cytogenetic analysis (CCA) can identify the standard and variant Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome, and any additional complex chromosome abnormalities at diagnosis as well as during treatment course. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is especially important for cells of CML patients with inadequate or inferior quality metaphases or those with variant Ph translocations. CCA in conjunction with FISH can serve as powerful tools in all phases of CML including the diagnosis, prognosis, risk stratification and monitoring of cytogenetic responses to treatment. Molecular techniques such as reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is used for the detection of BCR-ABL1 transcripts at diagnosis whereas quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR) is used at the time of diagnosis as well as during TKI therapy for the quantitation of BCR-ABL1 transcripts to evaluate the molecular response and minimal residual disease (MRD). Despite the excellent treatment results obtained after the introduction of TKI drugs, especially Imatinib mesylate (IM), resistance to TKIs develops in approximately 35% - 40% of CML patients on TKI therapy. Since point mutations in BCR-ABL1 are a common cause of IM resistance, mutation analysis is important in IM resistant patients. Mutations are reliably detected by nested PCR amplification of the translocated ABL1 kinase domain followed by direct sequencing of the entire amplified kinase domain. The objective of this review is to highlight the importance of regular and timely CCA, FISH analysis and molecular testing in the diagnosis, prognosis, assessment of therapeutic efficacy, evaluation of MRD and in the detection of BCR-ABL1 kinase mutations which cause therapeutic resistance in adult CML patients.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Cytogenetic Analysis/methods
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/analysis
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods
- Mutation
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ankathil
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Health campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Teoh C, Ali DM, Hassan R, Chee Lan L, Mohammed Shah D. Self-perceived competence on antimicrobial stewardship among government ward pharmacists in Malaysia. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Hassan R, Haque MM, Haque A, Shorifuddoza M, Khandker MH, Patoary MAR, Basak AK, Maaza M, Saha BC, Uddin MA. Relativistic study on the scattering of electrons and positrons from atomic iron at energies 1 eV – 10 keV. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1849838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Hassan
- Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - M. M. Haque
- Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - A.K.F. Haque
- Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M. Shorifuddoza
- Department of Physics, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - A. K. Basak
- Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - M. Maaza
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - B. C. Saha
- Department of Physics, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - M. Alfaz Uddin
- Department of Physics, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, Bangladesh
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Hassan R, Cheikh M, Almoallim H, Faruqui H, Alquraa R, Eissa A, Alhazmi A, Janoudi N. AB0177 RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS SAUDI DATABASE (RASD): A SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:National Registries are essential to direct current practice and design appropriate management strategies1. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) registries in the middle east and north Africa remain scarcely represented2.Objectives:Our objective is to describe the Saudi RA population and to compare the findings to internationally reported data.Methods:This is a cross sectional, analytical study that was conducted at Doctor Soliman Fakeeh Hospital (DSFH). The study ran from December of 2014 and concluded in December of 2018 using a pool of 433 patients. Inclusion criteria included adults older than 18 years of age who fulfilled the 2010 American College of Rheumatology criteria for diagnosis of RA3. Data were collected from patients and entered in a specially designed program for this registry. They included main demographic details,, lag times to final disease diagnosis. Disease Activity Score-28-C Reactive Protein (DAS-28-CRP) was calculated on presentation and on subsequent visits with intervals ranging from three to six months between them. Multiple regression model was used to assess the predictors of disease activity. We charted the lines of medications given, including conventional and biologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), following treat to target strategies4.Results:Out of 430 patients, 76.68% were female, while only 23.32% were male and the mean age was found to be 49.26 years with SD±11.At initial presentation, 45.5% had demonstrated active disease (moderate or high disease activity) based on DAS-28-CRP scores while 54.5% were in remission or low disease activity. Out of the total number of clinic visitors, 330 had regular follow ups for more than 1 year while 103 patients were either irregularly visiting the rheumatology clinic or had lost follow up. The remission rates after 1 year had increased to 79.7% (263 patients), while 9.7% (32 patients) had low disease activity and no patients had sustained high disease activity at the end of follow up. It was also found that the female gender, higher Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) and a longer lag1/lag2 period were associated with higher disease activity in our population. Biologic medications had been used by 129 patients (29.7%) while conventional DMARDs were given to 304 patients (70.3%).Conclusion:We described a population of RA patients in a single center in SA. We detected higher remission rates at one year of follow up. This could be attributed to many factors, including good referral systems and treat to target strategies with easier access to biologic medications.References:[1]Singh JA, Saag KG, Bridges SL Jr, Akl EA, Bannuru RR, Sullivan MC, Vaysbrot E, McNaughton C, Osani M, Shmerling RH, Curtis JR, Furst DE, Parks D, Kavanaugh A, O’Dell J, King C, Leong A, Matteson EL, Schousboe JT, Drevlow B, Ginsberg S, Grober J, St Clair EW, Tindall E, Miller AS, McAlindon T. 2015 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.Arthritis Rheumatol.2016 Jan;68(1):1-26.[2]Smolen, Josef S., et al. “EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2013 update.”Annals of the rheumatic diseases73.3 (2014): 492-509.[3]Saag KG, Teng GG, Patkar NM, Anuntiyo J, Finney C, Curtis JR, et al. American College of Rheumatology 2008 recommendations for the use of nonbiologic and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis.Arthritis Rheum2008;59: 762–84.[4]Hussain W, Noorwali A, Janoudi N. From symptoms to diagnosis: an observational study of the journey of rheumatoid arthritis patients in Saudi Arabia.Oman Med J.2016;31(1):29.Disclosure of Interests:Rola Hassan Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals, Mohamed Cheikh Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals, Hani Almoallim Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals, Hanan Faruqui Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals, Reem AlQuraa Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals, Ayman Eissa Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals, Aous Alhazmi Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals, Nahid Janoudi Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals
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Zakariah NA, Bajuri MY, Hassan R, Ismail Z, Md Mansor M, Othman H, Nasuruddin DN. Is Procalcitonin more superior to hs-CRP in the diagnosis of infection in diabetic foot ulcer? Malays J Pathol 2020; 42:77-84. [PMID: 32342934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Procalcitonin (PCT) has recently emerged as a marker for diagnosing infection. This study aimed to compare the performance of PCT and other infection markers in diagnosing infected diabetic foot ulcer (IDFU). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 128 diabetic patients with foot ulcers were recruited and divided into two groups, consisting of 73 patients in the IDFU group and 55 in the non-infected diabetic foot ulcer (NIDFU). The severity of infection in IDFU patients was graded based on the Infectious Disease Society of America-International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot classification. Blood samples from all the patients were collected for measurement of PCT, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and white cell count (WBC). The area under the receiver operating curves (AUC) were then constructed and analysed. RESULTS PCT, hs-CRP and WBC levels were significantly higher in the IDFU group compared to NIDFU with hs-CRP demonstrated the highest AUC (0.91; p <0.001) followed by PCT (0.814; p < 0.001) and lastly WBC (0.775; p < 0.001). The best cut off value, sensitivity and specificity for the presence of infection in diabetic foot, were 3.47 mg/dL, 80% and 89% for hs-CRP, 0.11 ng/ml, 70% and 87% for PCT and 11.8x109/L, 60% and 90% for WBC. All the infection markers showed significant positive correlations with infection severity of DFU. CONCLUSION This study showed that hs-CRP is a more sensitive marker for diagnosing IDFU. Although PCT is useful in differentiating IDFU from NIDFU, the use of PCT is not necessary as it adds little value to the current practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Zakariah
- University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Department of Pathology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Dabbagh YA, Hassan R, Bahabri N, Qutub M. OXA-48 carbapenemase-mediated ceftazidime-avibactam resistance; first reported case in Saudi Arabia's western region and review of literature. J Infect Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Hassan R, Buuck S, Noveroske D, Medus C, Sorenson A, Laurent J, Rotstein D, Schlater L, Freiman J, Douris A, Simmons M, Donovan D, Henderson J, Tewell M, Snyder K, Oni O, Von Stein D, Dassie K, Leeper M, Adediran A, Dowell N, Gieraltowski L, Basler C. Multistate Outbreak of Salmonella Infections Linked to Raw Turkey Products - United States, 2017-2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2019; 68:1045-1049. [PMID: 31751325 PMCID: PMC6871895 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6846a1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mian I, Abdullaev Z, Morrow B, Gao S, Mettienen M, Wei J, Khan J, Pack S, Hassan R. P1.13 Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) Gene Rearrangement in Children and Young Adults with Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Annunziata C, Dansky-Ullmann C, Ghobadi A, Weng D, Vanas J, Ekwede I, Pavelova M, Keefe R, Kuo M, Hassan R, Thaker P. A phase I study of intraperitoneal MCY-M11 Anti-mesothelin CAR for women with platinum resistant high grade serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary, primary peritoneum, or fallopian tube, or subjects with peritoneal mesothelioma with recurrence after prior chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz253.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Hassan R, Seelman S, Peralta V, Booth H, Tewell M, Melius B, Whitney B, Sexton R, Dwarka A, Vugia D, Vidanes J, Kiang D, Gonzales E, Dowell N, Olson SM, Gladney LM, Jhung MA, Neil KP. A Multistate Outbreak of E Coli O157:H7 Infections Linked to Soy Nut Butter. Pediatrics 2019; 144:peds.2018-3978. [PMID: 31519792 PMCID: PMC6774848 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-3978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2017, we conducted a multistate investigation to determine the source of an outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 infections, which occurred primarily in children. METHODS We defined a case as infection with an outbreak strain of STEC O157:H7 with illness onset between January 1, 2017, and April 30, 2017. Case patients were interviewed to identify common exposures. Traceback and facility investigations were conducted; food samples were tested for STEC. RESULTS We identified 32 cases from 12 states. Twenty-six (81%) cases occurred in children <18 years old; 8 children developed hemolytic uremic syndrome. Twenty-five (78%) case patients ate the same brand of soy nut butter or attended facilities that served it. We identified 3 illness subclusters, including a child care center where person-to-person transmission may have occurred. Testing isolated an outbreak strain from 11 soy nut butter samples. Investigations identified violations of good manufacturing practices at the soy nut butter manufacturing facility with opportunities for product contamination, although the specific route of contamination was undetermined. CONCLUSIONS This investigation identified soy nut butter as the source of a multistate outbreak of STEC infections affecting mainly children. The ensuing recall of all soy nut butter products the facility manufactured, totaling >1.2 million lb, likely prevented additional illnesses. Prompt diagnosis of STEC infections and appropriate specimen collection aids in outbreak detection. Child care providers should follow appropriate hygiene practices to prevent secondary spread of enteric illness in child care settings. Firms should manufacture ready-to-eat foods in a manner that minimizes the risk of contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashida Hassan
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; .,Caitta, Inc, Herndon, Virginia
| | - Sharon Seelman
- United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), College Park, Maryland
| | - Vi Peralta
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond & Sacramento, California
| | | | | | - Beth Melius
- Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline, Washington
| | - Brooke Whitney
- United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), College Park, Maryland
| | - Rosemary Sexton
- United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), College Park, Maryland
| | - Asha Dwarka
- United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), College Park, Maryland
| | - Duc Vugia
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond & Sacramento, California
| | - Jeff Vidanes
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond & Sacramento, California
| | - David Kiang
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond & Sacramento, California
| | | | - Natasha Dowell
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia,Eagle Medical Services, Huntsville, Alabama
| | - Samantha M Olson
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia,GS Corporation, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Lori M Gladney
- United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), College Park, Maryland
| | - Michael A Jhung
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Karen P Neil
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia
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Eldessouki I, Hassan R, Ma P, Karim NA. P1.01-64 Predictive Value of K-Ras Subset Mutations and PD-L1 in Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma (PSC). J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Jiang Q, Ghafoor A, Rathkey D, Mian I, Zhang J, Morrow B, Pastan I, Hassan R. MA12.11 Anti-Tumor Efficacy of Mesothelin Targeted Immunotoxin LMB-100 Plus Pembrolizumab in Mesothelioma Patients and Mouse Models. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rathkey D, Khanal M, Murai J, Zhang J, Jiang Q, Morrow B, Evans C, Chari R, Sengupta M, Thomas A, Pommier Y, Hassan R. MA12.03 PARP Inhibitor Sensitivity Does Not Depend on BAP1 but Is Enhanced by Temozolomide in MGMT Deficient Human Mesothelioma Cells. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Mancini S, Solinas L, Leone L, Battaglia B, Notarangelo MG, Hassan R, Di Cosimo C, Angeloni R, Belardi A, Cosentino L, Bakacs A, Sagnotta A. Jejunal metastasis of Merkel cell carcinoma: case report. G Chir 2019; 40:364-367. [PMID: 32011994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) of the skin is a rare but aggressive cutaneous neuroendocrine-derived malignancy that predominantly affects elderly white males. The presence of distant nodal metastases significantly impacts survival. Typical metastatic sites of MCC are liver, bone, brain and skin. Gastrointestinal metastases are uncommon and small bowel is the most common site followed by stomach. We report a case of symptomatic MCC jejunal metastasis.
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Hassan R, Solinas L, Notarangelo M, Sagnotta A, Giubilo C, Battaglia B, Di Cosimo C, Mancini S. Mirizzi syndrome: a challenging diagnosis. Case report. G Chir 2019; 40:193-198. [PMID: 31484008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mirizzi Syndrome (MS) is an uncommon complication of chronic gallstone disease defined as a common bile duct (CBD) obstruction secondary to gallstone impaction in the cystic duct or gallbladder neck. MS is still a challenging clinical situation: preoperative diagnosis of MS is complex and can be made in 18-62.5% of patients. Over 50% of patients with MS is diagnosed during surgery. In most of cases, laparotomy is the preferred surgical approach. We report the case of a 70-year-old woman with a history of asthenia, jaundice, abdominal pain and preoperative imaging that suggest the presence of biliary stones with a choledocal stenosis. Intraoperatively, a MS with cholecysto-biliary fistula involving less than two-thirds of the circumference of the bile duct was diagnosed and successfully treated.
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Solinas L, Sagnotta A, Chessa A, Fiorini A, Battaglia B, Di Cosimo C, Notarangelo MG, Hassan R, Leone L, Mancini S. Pseudomixoma peritonei associated with appendiceal cistoadenoma rupture: case report. G Chir 2019; 40:213-216. [PMID: 31484011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Appendiceal mucocele represents specimen finding in 0.2-0.3% out of appendectomies. The rupture or perforation in peritoneal cavity might cause pseudomixoma peritonei (PMP), with multiple mucinous deposits in the abdominal cavity. We report a case of PMP caused by a perforated appendiceal cistoadeonoma.
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Keaton A, Hassan R, Luna S, Lee I, Magalhaes R, Bidlack M, Graf P, Maves R, Smith L, Freer D, Flinn K, Monk G, Trinh K, Crandall J, Noveroske D, Fortenberry G, Peak C, McDonald E, Waltz T, Patel K, Wagner D, Espiritu J, Christensen L, Gieraltowski L. 678. Outbreak of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Infections at Marine Corps Recruit Depot (MCRD), San Diego and Camp Pendleton, California: October–November, 2017. Open Forum Infect Dis 2018. [PMCID: PMC6255386 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofy210.684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections are a major cause of foodborne illness and the principal cause of hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). In November 2017, CDC and the US Navy responded to an outbreak of STEC illnesses in military recruits at the Marine Corps Recruit Depot in San Diego (MCRD). We investigated to determine the source of this outbreak and identify prevention and mitigation measures. Methods In October 2017, medical staff identified a high number of gastrointestinal (GI) illnesses at MCRD. Recruits with diarrhea submitted stool specimens for culture and/or culture-independent diagnostic testing (CIDT) for GI pathogens. We performed pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) on culture isolates. Case-patients were defined as confirmed (PFGE-confirmed STEC infection matching outbreak strains), probable (diagnosis of HUS and/or CIDT evidence of STEC), or suspected (bloody diarrhea). We conducted environmental evaluations of dining facilities, training areas, and barracks. A case–control study was performed using PFGE-confirmed case-patients and platoon-matched controls. We performed product traceback for foods identified as exposure risks by interview or case–control study. Results We identified 64 confirmed, 105 probable, and 91 suspected case-patients. Thirty case-patients required hospitalization and 15 had HUS. Ages ranged from 17 to 28 years (median: 18 years). Poor hygiene practices among recruits and inconsistent cooking temperatures within dining facilities were noted. Forty-three case-patients and 135 controls were interviewed about food, hygiene, and environmental exposures. Consumption of undercooked beef was significantly associated with illness (mOR 2.40, CI 1.04–5.72, P = 0.04). We identified a single ground beef supplier for MCRD, but dining facility records did not document the dates on which specific lots of ground beef were used. Conclusion Case–control analysis and environmental observations suggested undercooked ground beef as a potential source for this outbreak. We recommended the Navy and Marine Corps retain lot information, address food handling concerns, and improve hygiene among recruits. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Keaton
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Outbreak Response and Prevention Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rashida Hassan
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Outbreak Response and Prevention Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sarah Luna
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Enteric Diseases Epidemiology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Isabell Lee
- Preventive Medicine, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Richelle Magalhaes
- Preventive Medicine, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Matthew Bidlack
- Branch Health Clinic, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, San Diego, California
| | - Paul Graf
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Naval Medical Center, San Diego, California
| | - Ryan Maves
- Infectious Diseases, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Linda Smith
- Naval Hospital Camp Pendleton, Oceanside, California
| | - Douglas Freer
- Branch Health Clinic, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, San Diego, California
| | - Kimberly Flinn
- Branch Health Clinic, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, San Diego, California
| | - Gregory Monk
- Branch Health Clinic, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, San Diego, California
| | - Kelly Trinh
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California
| | - John Crandall
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California
| | - Douglas Noveroske
- United States Department of Agriculture-Food Safety and Inspection Services, Washington, DC
| | - Gamola Fortenberry
- United States Department of Agriculture-Food Safety and Inspection Services, Washington, DC
| | - Corey Peak
- Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, California
| | - Eric McDonald
- Epidemiology and Immunization Services, County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, California
| | - Thomas Waltz
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Enteric Diseases Laboratory Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kane Patel
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Enteric Diseases Laboratory Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Darlene Wagner
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Enteric Diseases Laboratory Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Lori Christensen
- Preventive Medicine, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Laura Gieraltowski
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Outbreak Response and Prevention Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Melandro F, Lai Q, Giovanardi F, Hassan R, Rossi M. Hybrid partial ALPPS: A feasible approach in case of right trisegmentectomy and macrovascular invasion. Eur J Surg Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Jedy-Agba EE, Dareng EO, Adebamowo SN, Odutola M, Oga EA, Igbinoba F, Otu T, Ezeome E, Bray F, Hassan R, Adebamowo CA. Corrigendum to "The burden of HPV associated cancers in two regions in Nigeria 2012-2014" [Cancer Epidemiol. (2016) 91-97]. Cancer Epidemiol 2018; 56:171. [PMID: 30037755 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E E Jedy-Agba
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
| | - E O Dareng
- Center for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - S N Adebamowo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Odutola
- Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - E A Oga
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA
| | | | - T Otu
- University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Gwagwalada, Nigeria
| | - E Ezeome
- University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu, Nigeria
| | - F Bray
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - R Hassan
- Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - C A Adebamowo
- Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenbaum Comprehensive Cancer Center and Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Venkat H, Matthews J, Lumadao P, Caballero B, Collins J, Fowle N, Kellis M, Tewell M, White S, Hassan R, Classon A, Joung Y, Komatsu K, Weiss J, Zusy S, Sunenshine R. Salmonella enterica Serotype Javiana Infections Linked to a Seafood Restaurant in Maricopa County, Arizona, 2016. J Food Prot 2018; 81:1283-1292. [PMID: 29985066 PMCID: PMC6309180 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
On 10 August 2016, the Maricopa County Department of Public Health identified culture-confirmed Salmonella enterica serotype Javiana isolates from two persons who reported eating at a seafood restaurant; seven additional cases were reported by 15 August. We investigated to identify a source and prevent further illness. We interviewed persons with laboratory-reported Salmonella Javiana infection. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and whole genome sequencing of isolates were performed. A case was defined as diarrheal illness in a person during July to September 2016; confirmed cases had Salmonella Javiana isolate yielding outbreak-related PFGE patterns; probable cases had diarrheal illness and an epidemiologic link to a confirmed case. Case finding was performed (passive surveillance and identification of ill meal companions). A case-control study assessed risk factors for Salmonella Javiana infection among restaurant diners; control subjects were chosen among meal companions. No restaurant workers reported illness. Foods were reportedly cooked according to the Food Code. Food and environmental samples were collected and cultured; Salmonella Javiana with an indistinguishable PFGE pattern was isolated from portioned repackaged raw shrimp, halibut, and a freezer door handle. We identified 50 Salmonella Javiana cases (40 confirmed and 10 probable); illness onset range was from 22 July to 17 September 2016. Isolates from 40 patients had highly related PFGE patterns. Thirty-three (73%) of 45 patients interviewed reported eating at the restaurant. Among 21 case patients and 31 control subjects, unfried cooked shrimp was associated with illness (odds ratio, 6.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.8 to 24.9; P = 0.004). Among restaurant diners, laboratory and case-control evidence indicated shrimp as the possible outbreak source; poor thermal inactivation of Salmonella on shrimp is theorized as a possible cause. Cross-contamination might have prolonged this outbreak; however, the source was not identified and highlights limitations that can arise during these types of investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Venkat
- 1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Epidemic Intelligence Service Program, Division of Scientific Education and Professional Development, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.,2 Maricopa County Department of Public Health, 4041 North Central Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85012.,3 Arizona Department of Health Services, 150 North 18th Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85007
| | - James Matthews
- 2 Maricopa County Department of Public Health, 4041 North Central Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85012
| | - Paolo Lumadao
- 4 Maricopa County Environmental Services, 1001 North Central Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85004
| | - Blanca Caballero
- 3 Arizona Department of Health Services, 150 North 18th Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85007
| | - Jennifer Collins
- 2 Maricopa County Department of Public Health, 4041 North Central Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85012
| | - Nicole Fowle
- 2 Maricopa County Department of Public Health, 4041 North Central Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85012
| | - Marilee Kellis
- 3 Arizona Department of Health Services, 150 North 18th Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85007
| | - Mackenzie Tewell
- 3 Arizona Department of Health Services, 150 North 18th Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85007
| | - Stacy White
- 5 Arizona State Public Health Laboratory, 250 North 17th Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85007
| | - Rashida Hassan
- 6 CDC Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; and
| | - Andrew Classon
- 6 CDC Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; and
| | - Yoo Joung
- 6 CDC Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; and
| | - Kenneth Komatsu
- 3 Arizona Department of Health Services, 150 North 18th Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85007
| | - Joli Weiss
- 3 Arizona Department of Health Services, 150 North 18th Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85007
| | - Scott Zusy
- 4 Maricopa County Environmental Services, 1001 North Central Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85004
| | - Rebecca Sunenshine
- 2 Maricopa County Department of Public Health, 4041 North Central Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85012.,7 CDC Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, Career Epidemiology Field Officer Program, Division of State and Local Readiness, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
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Luna S, Krishnasamy V, Saw L, Smith L, Wagner J, Weigand J, Tewell M, Kellis M, Penev R, McCullough L, Eason J, McCaffrey K, Burnett C, Oakeson K, Dimond M, Nakashima A, Barlow D, Scherzer A, Sarino M, Schroeder M, Hassan R, Basler C, Wise M, Gieraltowski L. Outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 Infections Associated with Exposure to Animal Manure in a Rural Community - Arizona and Utah, June-July 2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2018; 67:659-662. [PMID: 29902164 PMCID: PMC6002031 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6723a2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ismail F, Hassan R, Azzam M, El-Amrosy W. Protective Effects of Vitamin E, Zinc and Selenium Supplementation on Growth Performance and Some Biochemical Parameters in Growing Rabbits Exposed to Cadmium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.21608/jappmu.2018.41106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Vaquero J, Zurita M, Rico MA, Aguayo C, Fernández C, Gutiérrez R, Rodríguez-Boto G, Saab A, Hassan R, Ortega C. Intrathecal administration of autologous bone marrow stromal cells improves neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury. Neurosci Lett 2018; 670:14-18. [PMID: 29366770 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is highly disabling, responds poorly to pharmacological treatment, and represents a significant cause of decreased quality of life in patients suffering from spinal cord injury (SCI). In recent years, cell therapy with autologous mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been considered as a potential therapeutic weapon in this entity. Ten patients suffering chronic SCI received 100 million MSCs into subarachnoid space by lumbar puncture (month 1 of the study) and this procedure was repeated at months 4 and 7 until reaching a total doses of 300 million MSCs. Intensity of NP was measured by standard numerical rating scale (VAS) from 0 to 10, recording scores previous to the first MSCs administration and monthly, until month 10 of follow-up. Months 1, 4, 7 and 10 of the study were selected as time points in order to a statistical analysis by the nonparametric Wilcoxon rank test. Our results showed significant and progressive improvement in NP intensity after the first administration of MSCs (p: 0.003). This study supports the benefit of intrathecal administration of autologous MSCs for the treatment of NP in patients with SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vaquero
- Service of Neurosurgery, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda Hospital, Autonomous University, Madrd, Spain.
| | - M Zurita
- Service of Neurosurgery, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda Hospital, Autonomous University, Madrd, Spain
| | - M A Rico
- Service of Neurosurgery, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda Hospital, Autonomous University, Madrd, Spain
| | - C Aguayo
- Service of Neurosurgery, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda Hospital, Autonomous University, Madrd, Spain
| | - C Fernández
- Service of Neurosurgery, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda Hospital, Autonomous University, Madrd, Spain
| | - R Gutiérrez
- Service of Neurosurgery, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda Hospital, Autonomous University, Madrd, Spain
| | - G Rodríguez-Boto
- Service of Neurosurgery, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda Hospital, Autonomous University, Madrd, Spain
| | - A Saab
- Service of Neurosurgery, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda Hospital, Autonomous University, Madrd, Spain
| | - R Hassan
- Service of Neurosurgery, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda Hospital, Autonomous University, Madrd, Spain
| | - C Ortega
- Service of Neurosurgery, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda Hospital, Autonomous University, Madrd, Spain
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Hassan R, Al-Shaikhli I, Ahmad S. Input significance analysis: feature selection through synaptic weights manipulation for EFuNNs classifier. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i4s.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Hassan R, Al-Shaikhli IFT, Ahmad S. Input significance analysis: feature ranking through synaptic weights manipulation for ANNS-based classifiers. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i4s.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Roper N, Zhang X, Maity T, Gao S, Venugopalan A, Biswas R, Cultraro C, Kim C, Padiernos E, Rajan A, Thomas A, Hassan R, Kleiner D, Hewitt S, Khan J, Guha U. P1.02-063 Tumor Heterogeneity Analyzes by Integrated Proteo-Genomics of Thoracic Tumors from Sequential Biopsies and Warm Autopsies. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Brahmer J, Johnson M, Awad M, Rajan A, Allred A, Knoblauch R, Zudaire E, Lorenzi M, Hassan R. P2.07-058 First-In-Human Study of JNJ-64041757, a Live Attenuated Listeria Monocytogenes Immunotherapy, for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hassan R, Rounds J, Sorenson A, Leos G, Concepción-Acevedo J, Griswold T, Tesfai A, Blessington T, Hardy C, Basler C. Multistate Outbreak of Salmonella Anatum Infections Linked to Imported Hot Peppers - United States, May-July 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017; 66:663-667. [PMID: 28662015 PMCID: PMC5687499 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6625a2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Foodborne salmonellosis causes an estimated 1 million illnesses and 400 deaths annually in the United States (1). Salmonella Anatum is one of the top 20 Salmonella serotypes in the United States. During 2013-2015 there were approximately 300-350 annual illnesses reported to PulseNet, the national molecular subtyping network for foodborne disease surveillance. In June 2016, PulseNet identified a cluster of 16 Salmonella Anatum infections with an indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern from four states.* In April 2016, the same PFGE pattern had been uploaded to PulseNet from an isolate obtained from an Anaheim pepper, a mild to medium hot pepper. Hot peppers include many pepper varieties, such as Anaheim, jalapeño, poblano, and serrano, which can vary in heat level from mild to very hot depending on the variety and preparation. This rare PFGE pattern had been seen only 24 times previously in the PulseNet database, compared with common PFGE patterns for this serotype which have been seen in the database hundreds of times. Local and state health departments, CDC, and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) investigated to determine the cause of the outbreak. Thirty-two patients in nine states were identified with illness onsets from May 6-July 9, 2016. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to characterize clinical isolates and the Anaheim pepper isolate further. The combined evidence indicated that fresh hot peppers were the likely source of infection; however, a single pepper type or source farm was not identified. This outbreak highlights challenges in reconciling epidemiologic and WGS data, and the difficulties of identifying ingredient-level exposures through epidemiologic investigations alone.
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Ghallab A, Reif R, Hassan R, Seddek AS, Hengstler JG. In vivo imaging of liver injury and regeneration by functional two-photon microscopy. Z Gastroenterol 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1597342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Ghallab
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IFADo), Systems toxicology, Dortmund, Germany
| | - R Reif
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IFADo), Systems toxicology, Dortmund, Germany
| | - R Hassan
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IFADo), Systems toxicology, Dortmund, Germany
| | - AS Seddek
- South Valley University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Qena, Egypt
| | - JG Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IFADo), Systems toxicology, Dortmund, Germany
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Wan Mohd Saman WA, Hassan R, Mohd Yusoff S, Che Yaakob CA, Abdullah NAF, Ghazali S, Mohd Radzi MAR, Bahar R. Potential use of cord blood for Hb E hemoglobinopathy screening programme using capillary electrophoresis. Malays J Pathol 2016; 38:235-239. [PMID: 28028293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies are inherited red blood cell disorders found worldwide. Hemoglobin (Hb) E disorder is one of the hemoglobinopathies known to have the high prevalence in South East Asia. Most of transfusion-dependent thalassemias were genotypically compound heterozygous Hb E/ β-thalassemia. In Malaysia, the national screening program for thalassemia was implemented for early pregnancy or secondary school girls; however many participants do not turn-up and missed the screening test. Screening for thalassemia using samples from cord blood is an alternative choice as it is a readily available source of blood and hence early detection of the disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential use of cord blood for the screening of HbE hemoglobinopathy by using capillary electrophoresis (CE). METHODS Cord blood samples were collected from 300 newborns of healthy mothers. Hematological parameters were determined and hemoglobin quantitation for all cord blood samples were performed using capillary electrophoresis system (CES) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS Majority of cord blood samples (63%) revealed Hb AF followed by Hb AFA2 (20%). Hb AFE was detected in 10.7% with the mean value of Hb E ranging from 2.3%-11.1%. CONCLUSION Hemoglobin E was detected in cord blood using capillary electrophoresis system. It can be recommended in areas where Hb E/β is prevalent. Implementation of a screening strategy using CE on cord blood sampling will identify the disease early. With regular follow-up on these patients, the status of their disease can be determined earlier and appropriate management implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Wan Mohd Saman
- Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Faculty of Medicine, Sg Buloh Campus, Malaysia.
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Jedy-Agba EE, Dareng EO, Adebamowo SN, Odutola M, Oga EA, Igbinoba F, Otu T, Ezeome E, Bray F, Hassan R, Adebamowo CA. The burden of HPV associated cancers in two regions in Nigeria 2012-2014. Cancer Epidemiol 2016; 45:91-97. [PMID: 27780076 PMCID: PMC5124511 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION HPV attributable cancers are the second most common infection-related cancers worldwide, with much higher burden in less developed regions. There are currently no country-specific estimates of the burden of these cancers in Nigeria just like many other low and middle income countries. METHODS In this study, we quantified the proportion of the cancer burden in Nigeria that is attributable to HPV infection from 2012 to 2014 using HPV prevalence estimated from previous studies and data from two population based cancer registries (PBCR) in Nigeria. We considered cancer sites for which there is strong evidence of an association with HPV infection based on the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classification. We obtained age and sex-specific estimates of incident cancers and using the World Standard Population, we derived age standardized incidence (ASR) rates for each cancer type by categories of sex, and estimated the population attributable fractions (PAF). RESULTS The two PBCR reported 4336 new cancer cases from 2012 to 2014. Of these, 1627 (37.5%) were in males and 2709 (62.5%) in females. Some 11% (488/4336) of these cancers were HPV associated; 2% (38/1627) in men and 17% (450/2709) in women. Of the HPV associated cancers, 7.8% occurred in men and 92.2% in women. The ASRs for HPV associated cancers was 33.5 per 100,000; 2.3 and 31.2 per 100,000 in men and women respectively. The proportion of all cancers attributable to HPV infection ranged from 10.2 to 10.4% (442-453 of 4336) while the proportion of HPV associated cancers attributable to HPV infection ranged from 90.6% to 92.8% (442-453 of the 488 cases). In men, 55.3% to 68.4% of HPV associated cancers were attributable to HPV infection compared to 93.6% to 94.8% in women. The combined ASR for HPV attributable cancers ranged from 31.0 to 31.7 per 100,000. This was 1.4 to 1.7 per 100,000 in men and 29.6 to 30.0 per 100,000 in women. In women, cervical cancer (n=392, ASR 28.3 per 100,000) was the commonest HPV attributable cancer, while anal cancer (n=21, ASR 1.2 per 100,000) was the commonest in men. CONCLUSIONS HPV attributable cancers constitute a substantial cancer burden in Nigerian women, much less so in men. A significant proportion of cancers in Nigerian women would be prevented if strategies such as HPV DNA based screening and HPV vaccination are implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Jedy-Agba
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
| | - E O Dareng
- Center for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - S N Adebamowo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Odutola
- Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - E A Oga
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA
| | | | - T Otu
- University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Gwagwalada, Nigeria
| | - E Ezeome
- University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu, Nigeria
| | - F Bray
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - R Hassan
- Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - C A Adebamowo
- Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenbaum Comprehensive Cancer Center and Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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