1
|
Sannino G, Marchetto A, Ranft A, Jabar S, Zacherl C, Alba-Rubio R, Stein S, Wehweck FS, Kiran MM, Hölting TLB, Musa J, Romero-Pérez L, Cidre-Aranaz F, Knott MML, Li J, Jürgens H, Sastre A, Alonso J, Da Silveira W, Hardiman G, Gerke JS, Orth MF, Hartmann W, Kirchner T, Ohmura S, Dirksen U, Grünewald TGP. Gene expression and immunohistochemical analyses identify SOX2 as major risk factor for overall survival and relapse in Ewing sarcoma patients. EBioMedicine 2019; 47:156-162. [PMID: 31427232 PMCID: PMC6796576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to 30-40% of Ewing sarcoma (EwS) patients with non-metastatic disease develop local or metastatic relapse within a time span of 2-10 years. This is in part caused by the absence of prognostic biomarkers that can identify high-risk patients and thus assign them to risk-adapted monitoring and treatment regimens. Since cancer stemness has been associated with tumour relapse and poor patient outcomes, we investigated in the current study the prognostic potential SOX2 (sex determining region Y box 2) - a major transcription factor involved in development and stemness - which was previously described to contribute to the undifferentiated phenotype of EwS. METHODS Two independent patient cohorts, one consisting of 189 retrospectively collected EwS tumours with corresponding mRNA expression data (test-cohort) and the other consisting of 141 prospectively collected formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded resected tumours (validation and cohort), were employed to analyse SOX2 expression levels through DNA microarrays or immunohistochemistry, respectively, and to compare them with clinical parameters and patient outcomes. Two methods were employed to test the validity of the results at both the mRNA and protein levels. FINDINGS Both cohorts showed that only a subset of EwS patients (16-20%) expressed high SOX2 mRNA or protein levels, which significantly correlated with poor overall survival. Multivariate analyses of our validation-cohort revealed that high SOX2 expression represents a major risk-factor for poor survival (HR = 3·19; 95%CI 1·74-5·84; p < 0·01) that is independent from metastasis and other known clinical risk-factors at the time of diagnosis. Univariate analyses demonstrated that SOX2-high expression was correlated with tumour relapse (p = 0·002). The median first relapse was at 14·7 months (range: 3·5-180·7). INTERPRETATION High SOX2 expression constitutes an independent prognostic biomarker for EwS patients with poor outcomes. This may help to identify patients with localised disease who are at high risk for tumour relapse within the first two years after diagnosis. FUNDING The laboratory of T. G. P. Grünewald is supported by grants from the 'Verein zur Förderung von Wissenschaft und Forschung an der Medizinischen Fakultät der LMU München (WiFoMed)', by LMU Munich's Institutional Strategy LMUexcellent within the framework of the German Excellence Initiative, the 'Mehr LEBEN für krebskranke Kinder - Bettina-Bräu-Stiftung', the Walter Schulz Foundation, the Wilhelm Sander-Foundation (2016.167.1), the Friedrich-Baur foundation, the Matthias-Lackas foundation, the Barbara & Hubertus Trettner foundation, the Dr. Leopold & Carmen Ellinger foundation, the Gert & Susanna Mayer foundation, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG 391665916), and by the German Cancer Aid (DKH-111886 and DKH-70112257). J. Li was supported by a scholarship of the China Scholarship Council (CSC), J. Musa was supported by a scholarship of the Kind-Philipp foundation, and T. L. B. Hölting by a scholarship of the German Cancer Aid. M. F. Orth and M. M. L. Knott were supported by scholarships of the German National Academic Foundation. G. Sannino was supported by a scholarship from the Fritz-Thyssen Foundation (FTF-40.15.0.030MN). The work of U. Dirksen is supported by grants from the German Cancer Aid (DKH-108128, DKH-70112018, and DKH-70113419), the ERA-Net-TRANSCAN consortium (project number 01KT1310), and Euro Ewing Consortium (EEC, project number EU-FP7 602,856), both funded under the European Commission Seventh Framework Program FP7-HEALTH (http://cordis.europa.eu/), the Barbara & Hubertus Trettner foundation, and the Gert & Susanna Mayer foundation. G. Hardiman was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (SC EPSCoR) and National Institutes of Health (U01-DA045300). The laboratory of J. Alonso was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI12/00816; PI16CIII/00026); Asociación Pablo Ugarte (TPY-M 1149/13; TRPV 205/18), ASION (TVP 141/17), Fundación Sonrisa de Alex & Todos somos Iván (TVP 1324/15).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Sannino
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Aruna Marchetto
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Ranft
- Department of Pediatrics III, West German Cancer Centre, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Susanne Jabar
- Department of Pediatrics III, West German Cancer Centre, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Constanze Zacherl
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rebeca Alba-Rubio
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Stein
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabienne S Wehweck
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Merve M Kiran
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tilman L B Hölting
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Musa
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Romero-Pérez
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florencia Cidre-Aranaz
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian M L Knott
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jing Li
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Heribert Jürgens
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ana Sastre
- Unidad hemato-oncología pediátrica, Hospital Infantil Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Alonso
- Pediatric Solid Tumour Laboratory, Institute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CB06/07/1009; CIBERER-ISCIII), Spain
| | - Willian Da Silveira
- Center for Genomics Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Gary Hardiman
- Center for Genomics Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Julia S Gerke
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin F Orth
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hartmann
- Gerhard-Domagk Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Kirchner
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shunya Ohmura
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Uta Dirksen
- Department of Pediatrics III, West German Cancer Centre, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen, Germany.
| | - Thomas G P Grünewald
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Orth MF, Gerke JS, Knösel T, Altendorf-Hofmann A, Musa J, Alba-Rubio R, Stein S, Hölting TLB, Cidre-Aranaz F, Romero-Pérez L, Dallmayer M, Baldauf MC, Marchetto A, Sannino G, Knott MML, Wehweck F, Ohmura S, Li J, Hakozaki M, Kirchner T, Dandekar T, Butt E, Grünewald TGP. Functional genomics identifies AMPD2 as a new prognostic marker for undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:859-867. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin F. Orth
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Julia S. Gerke
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Thomas Knösel
- Institute of Pathology; Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | | | - Julian Musa
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Rebeca Alba-Rubio
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Stefanie Stein
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Tilman L. B. Hölting
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Florencia Cidre-Aranaz
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Laura Romero-Pérez
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Marlene Dallmayer
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Michaela C. Baldauf
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Aruna Marchetto
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Giuseppina Sannino
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Maximilian M. L. Knott
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
- Institute of Pathology; Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Fabienne Wehweck
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
- Institute of Pathology; Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Shunya Ohmura
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Jing Li
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Michiyuki Hakozaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine; Fukushima Japan
| | - Thomas Kirchner
- Institute of Pathology; Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich; Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Thomas Dandekar
- Functional Genomics and Systems Biology Group, Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter; Am Hubland, Würzburg Germany
| | - Elke Butt
- Institute for Experimental Biomedicine II, University Clinic of Würzburg; Würzburg Germany
| | - Thomas G. P. Grünewald
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
- Institute of Pathology; Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich; Munich Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich; Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| |
Collapse
|