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Krattinger R, Ramelyte E, Dornbierer J, Dummer R. Is single versus combination therapy problematic in the treatment of cutaneous melanoma? Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020; 14:9-23. [PMID: 31364890 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2019.1650641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The development of immunotherapies and targeted therapies has changed the treatment approach in resectable, nonresectable, and metastatic melanoma. Because of their different pharmacological profiles, immunotherapies and/or targeted therapies have been studied in various combinations. Areas covered: We reviewed PubMed for most important clinical trials investigating efficacy and tolerability of combinatorial and single-agent approaches for the treatment of melanoma that were published up to June 2019. We discuss the most promising therapy approaches and highlight challenges of melanoma treatment. Expert opinion: Combinatorial approaches seem to be very promising in the treatment of resectable and advanced melanoma. Currently, dual immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) with nivolumab and ipilimumab offers the best first-line treatment option for patients with BRAF-wt and -mutated, advanced melanoma. It is therapy of choice in younger patients with good ECOG performance status and poor prognostic features, whereas ICI monotherapy should be preferred in elderly patients with advanced melanoma. Benefit-risk ratio, patient's QoL and expectations, as well as treatment costs have to be considered in the choice of treatment. However, to elucidate mechanisms of resistance, biomarkers of response and to better define personalized strategies in the treatment of cutaneous melanoma, larger clinical trials comparing combined versus sequential therapies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Krattinger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Egle Ramelyte
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joëlle Dornbierer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
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Dummer R, Ascierto P, Basset‐Seguin N, Dréno B, Garbe C, Gutzmer R, Hauschild A, Krattinger R, Lear J, Malvehy J, Schadendorf D, Grob J. Sonidegib and vismodegib in the treatment of patients with locally advanced basal cell carcinoma: a joint expert opinion. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:1944-1956. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Dummer
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - P.A. Ascierto
- Melanoma Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics Unit Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale Naples Italy
| | | | - B. Dréno
- Department of Dermato Oncology University Hospital Nantes Nantes France
| | - C. Garbe
- Division of Dermato‐oncology University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany
| | - R. Gutzmer
- Skin Cancer Center Hannover Department of Dermatology Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | - A. Hauschild
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
| | - R. Krattinger
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - J.T. Lear
- Department of Dermatology Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester University and Salford Royal NHS Trust Manchester UK
| | - J. Malvehy
- Dermatology Department Hospital Clinic of Barcelona IDIBAPS University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - D. Schadendorf
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Essen Essen & German Cancer Consortium Heidelberg Germany
| | - J.J. Grob
- Dermatology and Oncology Service Aix Marseille University and Timone Hospital Marseille France
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Boström AE, Chatzittofis A, Ciuculete DM, Flanagan JN, Krattinger R, Bandstein M, Mwinyi J, Kullak-Ublick GA, Öberg KG, Arver S, Schiöth HB, Jokinen J. Hypermethylation-associated downregulation of microRNA-4456 in hypersexual disorder with putative influence on oxytocin signalling: A DNA methylation analysis of miRNA genes. Epigenetics 2019; 15:145-160. [PMID: 31542994 PMCID: PMC6961682 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1656157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypersexual disorder (HD) was proposed as a diagnosis in the DSM-5 and the classification ‘Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder’ is now presented as an impulse-control disorder in ICD-11. HD incorporates several pathophysiological mechanisms; including impulsivity, compulsivity, sexual desire dysregulation and sexual addiction. No previous study investigated HD in a methylation analysis limited to microRNA (miRNA) associated CpG-sites. The genome wide methylation pattern was measured in whole blood from 60 subjects with HD and 33 healthy volunteers using the Illumina EPIC BeadChip. 8,852 miRNA associated CpG-sites were investigated in multiple linear regression analyses of methylation M-values to a binary independent variable of disease state (HD or healthy volunteer), adjusting for optimally determined covariates. Expression levels of candidate miRNAs were investigated in the same individuals for differential expression analysis. Candidate methylation loci were further studied for an association with alcohol dependence in an independent cohort of 107 subjects. Two CpG-sites were borderline significant in HD – cg18222192 (MIR708)(p < 10E-05,pFDR = 5.81E-02) and cg01299774 (MIR4456)(p < 10E-06, pFDR = 5.81E-02). MIR4456 was significantly lower expressed in HD in both univariate (p < 0.0001) and multivariate (p < 0.05) analyses. Cg01299774 methylation levels were inversely correlated with expression levels of MIR4456 (p < 0.01) and were also differentially methylated in alcohol dependence (p = 0.026). Gene target prediction and pathway analysis revealed that MIR4456 putatively targets genes preferentially expressed in brain and that are involved in major neuronal molecular mechanisms thought to be relevant for HD, e.g., the oxytocin signalling pathway. In summary, our study implicates a potential contribution of MIR4456 in the pathophysiology of HD by putatively influencing oxytocin signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian E Boström
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Diana-Maria Ciuculete
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - John N Flanagan
- Andrology/Sexual Medicine Group (ANOVA), Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Regina Krattinger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Bandstein
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica Mwinyi
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gerd A Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Katarina Görts Öberg
- Andrology/Sexual Medicine Group (ANOVA), Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan Arver
- Andrology/Sexual Medicine Group (ANOVA), Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jussi Jokinen
- Department of Clinical Sciences/Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience/Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Dimitriou F, Krattinger R, Ramelyte E, Barysch MJ, Micaletto S, Dummer R, Goldinger SM. The World of Melanoma: Epidemiologic, Genetic, and Anatomic Differences of Melanoma Across the Globe. Curr Oncol Rep 2018; 20:87. [PMID: 30250984 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-018-0732-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW As cancer remains an increasing problem in industrial countries, the incidence of melanoma has risen rapidly in many populations during the last decades and still continues to rise. Current strategies aiming to control the disease have largely focused on improving the understanding of the interplay of causal factors for this cancer. RECENT FINDINGS Cutaneous melanoma shows clear differences in incidence, mortality, genomic profile, and anatomic presentation, depending on the country of residence, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Known risk factors are multiple atypical nevi, positive family and/or personal history, immune suppressive diseases or treatments, and fair skin phenotype. Besides new adjuvant therapeutic options, changed attitude toward leisure and sun exposure, primary prevention, and early detection are major contributors to disease control. Melanoma is a disease of multifactorial causality and heterogeneous presentation. Its subtypes differ in origin, anatomical site, role of UV radiation, and mutational profile. Better understanding of these differences may improve prevention strategies and therapeutic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florentia Dimitriou
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Regina Krattinger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Egle Ramelyte
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marjam J Barysch
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Micaletto
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simone M Goldinger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Boström AE, Ciuculete DM, Attwood M, Krattinger R, Nikontovic L, Titova OE, Kullak-Ublick GA, Mwinyi J, Schiöth HB. A MIR4646 associated methylation locus is hypomethylated in adolescent depression. J Affect Disord 2017; 220:117-128. [PMID: 28618313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of epigenetics and transcriptional activity in adolescents may provide knowledge about possible preventive strategies of depression. METHODS We present a methylome-wide association study (MWAS) and cohort validation analysis of depression in adolescents, in two separate cohorts: discovery (n=93) and validation data set 1 (n=78). The genome-wide methylation pattern was measured from whole blood using the Illumina 450K array. A second validation cohort, validation data set 2, consists of post-mortem brain biopsies from depressed adults (n=58). We performed a MWAS by robust multiple linear regressions of methylation to a modified risk-score assessment of depression. Methylation levels of candidate CpG sites were correlated with expression levels of the associated gene in an independent cohort of 11 healthy volunteers. RESULTS The methylation state of two CpG sites reliably predicted ratings of depression in adolescents (cg13227623 and cg04102384) (p<10E-06). Cohort validation analysis confirmed cg04102384 - located in the promoter region of microRNA 4646 (MIR4646) - to be hypomethylated in both validation data set 1 and validation data set 2 (p<0.05). Cg04102384 was inversely correlated to expression levels of MIR4646-3p in healthy controls (p<0.05). LIMITATIONS MIR4646 was not differentially expressed in a subset of samples with adolescent depression measured by qRT-PCR measurements. CONCLUSION We identify a specific MIR4646 associated epigenetic risk site to be associated with depression in adolescents. Cg04102384 putatively regulates gene expression of MIR4646-3p. Target gene prediction and gene set overrepresentation analysis revealed involvement of this miRNA in fatty acid elongation, a process related to omega-3 fatty acids, previously associated with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian E Boström
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden..
| | - Diana-Maria Ciuculete
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Misty Attwood
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Regina Krattinger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lamia Nikontovic
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Olga E Titova
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gerd A Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Mwinyi
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Niedrig D, Krattinger R, Jödicke A, Gött C, Bucklar G, Russmann S. Development, implementation and outcome analysis of semi-automated alerts for metformin dose adjustment in hospitalized patients with renal impairment. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2016; 25:1204-1209. [PMID: 27418265 DOI: 10.1002/pds.4062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Overdosing of the oral antidiabetic metformin in impaired renal function is an important contributory cause to life-threatening lactic acidosis. The presented project aimed to quantify and prevent this avoidable medication error in clinical practice. METHODS We developed and implemented an algorithm into a hospital's clinical information system that prospectively identifies metformin prescriptions if the estimated glomerular filtration rate is below 60 mL/min. Resulting real-time electronic alerts are sent to clinical pharmacologists and pharmacists, who validate cases in electronic medical records and contact prescribing physicians with recommendations if necessary. RESULTS The screening algorithm has been used in routine clinical practice for 3 years and generated 2145 automated alerts (about 2 per day). Validated expert recommendations regarding metformin therapy, i.e., dose reduction or stop, were issued for 381 patients (about 3 per week). Follow-up was available for 257 cases, and prescribers' compliance with recommendations was 79%. Furthermore, during 3 years, we identified eight local cases of lactic acidosis associated with metformin therapy in renal impairment that could not be prevented, e.g., because metformin overdosing had occurred before hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS Automated sensitive screening followed by specific expert evaluation and personal recommendations can prevent metformin overdosing in renal impairment with high efficiency and efficacy. Repeated cases of metformin-associated lactic acidosis in renal impairment underline the clinical relevance of this medication error. Our locally developed and customized alert system is a successful proof of concept for a proactive clinical drug safety program that is now expanded to other clinically and economically relevant medication errors. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Niedrig
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Regina Krattinger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annika Jödicke
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Gött
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Guido Bucklar
- Department of Medical Informatics, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Russmann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), Zurich, Switzerland. .,drugsafety.ch, Küsnacht, ZH, Switzerland. .,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland.
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Krattinger R, Boström A, Schiöth HB, Thasler WE, Mwinyi J, Kullak-Ublick GA. microRNA-192 suppresses the expression of the farnesoid X receptor. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2016; 310:G1044-51. [PMID: 27079614 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00297.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Farnesoid X receptor (FXR, NR1H4) plays an important role in the regulation of bile acid homeostasis in liver and intestine and may exert protective effects against certain forms of cancer such as colon carcinoma. However, the role of FXR in cell growth regulation, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis is still controversial. Similar to FXR, microRNA-192 (miR-192) is mainly expressed in the liver and colon and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of colon carcinoma. In this study, we investigated the extent to which FXR is regulated by miR-192. Two in silico-predicted binding sites for miR-192-3p within the NR1H4-3' untranslated region (UTR) were examined in vitro by luciferase reporter assays. Wild-type and mutated forms of the NR1H4-3'UTR were subcloned into a pmirGLO vector and cotransfected into Huh-7 cells with miR-192-3p. To study the effects of miR-192 on the expression of FXR, FXR target genes and cell proliferation, Huh-7 and Caco-2 cells were transfected with miR-192-5p and -3p mimics or antagomirs. In addition, the correlation between FXR and miR-192 expression was studied by linear regression analyses in colonic adenocarcinoma tissue from 27 patients. MiR-192-3p bound specifically to the NR1H4-3'UTR and significantly decreased luciferase activity. Transfection with miR-192 led to significant decreases in NR1H4 mRNA and protein levels as well as the mRNA levels of the FXR-inducible bile acid transporters OSTα-OSTβ and OATP1B3. Significant inverse correlations were detected in colonic adenocarcinoma between NR1H4 mRNA and miR-192-3p expression. In summary, microRNA-192 suppresses the expression of FXR and FXR target genes in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Krattinger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Boström
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Functional Pharmacology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden; and
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Functional Pharmacology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden; and
| | - Wolfgang E Thasler
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Grosshadern Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jessica Mwinyi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Neuroscience, Division of Functional Pharmacology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden; and
| | - Gerd A Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;
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Krattinger R, Boström A, Lee SML, Thasler WE, Schiöth HB, Kullak-Ublick GA, Mwinyi J. Chenodeoxycholic acid significantly impacts the expression of miRNAs and genes involved in lipid, bile acid and drug metabolism in human hepatocytes. Life Sci 2016; 156:47-56. [PMID: 27174168 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Bile acids (BAs) are important gut signaling hormones, influencing lipid, glucose, and energy homeostasis. The exact mechanisms behind these effects are not yet fully understood. Lately, they have come to the fore as putative therapeutics in metabolic diseases, such as e.g. nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We elucidate to what extent BAs impacts on the mRNAome and microRNAome in hepatocytes to gather novel insights into the mechanisms behind metabolic and toxicologic effects of bile acids. MAIN METHODS Five batches of primary human hepatocytes were treated with 50μmol/l chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) for 24 or 48h. Total RNA was extracted, size fractionated and subjected to Next Generation Sequencing to generate mRNA and miRNA profiles. KEY FINDINGS Expression of 738 genes and 52 miRNAs were CDCA dependently decreased, whereas 1566 genes and 29 miRNAs were significantly increased in hepatocytes. Distinct gene clusters controlling BA and lipid homeostasis (FGF(R), APO and FABP family members, HMGCS2) and drug metabolism (CYP, UGT and SULT family members) were significantly modulated by CDCA. Importantly, CDCA affected distinct microRNAs, including miR-34a, -505, -885, -1260 and -552 that systematically correlated in expression with gene clusters responsible for bile acid, lipid and drug homeostasis incorporating genes, such as e.g. SLCO1B1, SLC22A7, FGF19, CYP2E1, CYP1A2, APO family members and FOXO3. SIGNIFICANCE Bile acids significantly modulate metabolic and drug associated gene networks that are connected to distinct shifts in the microRNAome These findings give novel insights on how BA enfold metabolic and system toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Krattinger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Boström
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Serene M L Lee
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang E Thasler
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gerd A Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Jessica Mwinyi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Krattinger R, Boström A, Schiöth H, Mwinyi J, Kullak-Ublick G. Micro Rna-Dependent Regulation of The Farnesoid X Receptor. Clin Ther 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.05.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kullak-Ublick G, Krattinger R, Claro DaSilva T, Boström A, Dutler N, Schiöth H, Mwinyi J. Microrna Dependent Regulation of The Hepatic Uptake Transporter Oatp1b3 - The Role Of Mir-509 And Mir-656-3p. Clin Ther 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.05.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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